Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113695
Marcos Antônio da Silva Freitas , Pedro Afonso Gomes Teixeira , Wagner Gonçalves Vieira Junior , Arturo Pardo-Giménez , Diego Cunha Zied
Practical and technological innovations in mushroom production is of paramount importance to ensure enhanced yields and promote the development of mushroom cultivation on a global scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate of Lentinula edodes with liquid supplementation of two calcium sources at different dose and application intervals. The experiment was divided into two trials, with the first aimed at assessing different doses of calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate applied either before or after primordia induction. The second trial involved applications interspersed throughout the production flushes, ranging from one application to four during the crop cycle. In the first trial, it was observed that the dose of 40 ml of calcium carbonate applied before the induction of primordia yielded the highest returns compared to other dosages. This source of calcium and dose were selected for the second trial. In the second trial, it was found that a single application before the second flush, double applications in the first and second flushes or in the first and third flushes, and triple applications before the first, third, and fourth flushes, as well as in the second, third, and fourth flushes, provided an increase in yield of up to 20 %. Thus, it is concluded that the use of calcium supplementation during the cultivation of L. edodes was effective, proving to be a promising technique for commercial cultivation.
{"title":"Liquid calcium supplementation between flushes increases shiitake yield","authors":"Marcos Antônio da Silva Freitas , Pedro Afonso Gomes Teixeira , Wagner Gonçalves Vieira Junior , Arturo Pardo-Giménez , Diego Cunha Zied","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Practical and technological innovations in mushroom production is of paramount importance to ensure enhanced yields and promote the development of mushroom cultivation on a global scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate of <em>Lentinula edodes</em> with liquid supplementation of two calcium sources at different dose and application intervals. The experiment was divided into two trials, with the first aimed at assessing different doses of calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate applied either before or after primordia induction. The second trial involved applications interspersed throughout the production flushes, ranging from one application to four during the crop cycle. In the first trial, it was observed that the dose of 40 ml of calcium carbonate applied before the induction of primordia yielded the highest returns compared to other dosages. This source of calcium and dose were selected for the second trial. In the second trial, it was found that a single application before the second flush, double applications in the first and second flushes or in the first and third flushes, and triple applications before the first, third, and fourth flushes, as well as in the second, third, and fourth flushes, provided an increase in yield of up to 20 %. Thus, it is concluded that the use of calcium supplementation during the cultivation of <em>L. edodes</em> was effective, proving to be a promising technique for commercial cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113694
Hui Wei , Tiantian Xu , Zixuan Lu , Xiaoxi Zhou , Chen Xue , Xi Xu , Ying Feng , Guoyuan Liu , Bolin Lian , Fei Zhong , Jian Zhang
Polar auxin transport in plants is facilitated by influx and efflux transporters encoded by PIN-FORMED (PIN) and PIN-like (PILS) genes, respectively. While the auxin transporter gene families have been extensively studied in various monocot and dicot species, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of PIN and PILS gene families in Lagerstroemia indica is currently lacking. In this study, we identified 22 LiPIN and LiPILS genes in L. indica genome, distributed across 17 chromosomes. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses revealed relative conservation within the same group. Additionally, we identified 16 syntenic gene pairs in LiPIN and LiPILS genes, with Ka/Ks values below 1 indicating purifying selection during evolutionary processes. Expression profiling indicated that several genes, notably LiPIN3a and LiPILS5b/6a/6b/6c, responded to salt stress. LiPIN1d, LiPIN5, and LiPILS3a were potentially linked to bud-to-branch development in L. indica. Moreover, the expression levels of LiPILS3a and LiPILS5a exhibited significant differences during the callus formation process, indicating their potential as key regulatory factors in this developmental stage. These findings offered new insights into auxin transporter genes in L. indica and enhanced our understanding of their roles in stress tolerance, growth, and development.
{"title":"Comprehensive identification of PIN and PILS in crape myrtle genomes reveals their putative functions in bud-to-branch development and callus generation","authors":"Hui Wei , Tiantian Xu , Zixuan Lu , Xiaoxi Zhou , Chen Xue , Xi Xu , Ying Feng , Guoyuan Liu , Bolin Lian , Fei Zhong , Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polar auxin transport in plants is facilitated by influx and efflux transporters encoded by PIN-FORMED (<em>PIN</em>) and PIN-like (<em>PILS</em>) genes, respectively. While the auxin transporter gene families have been extensively studied in various monocot and dicot species, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of PIN and PILS gene families in <em>Lagerstroemia indica</em> is currently lacking. In this study, we identified 22 <em>LiPIN</em> and <em>LiPILS</em> genes in <em>L. indica</em> genome, distributed across 17 chromosomes. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses revealed relative conservation within the same group. Additionally, we identified 16 syntenic gene pairs in <em>LiPIN</em> and <em>LiPILS</em> genes, with Ka/Ks values below 1 indicating purifying selection during evolutionary processes. Expression profiling indicated that several genes, notably <em>LiPIN3a</em> and <em>LiPILS5b/6a/6b/6c</em>, responded to salt stress. <em>LiPIN1d, LiPIN5</em>, and <em>LiPILS3a</em> were potentially linked to bud-to-branch development in <em>L. indica</em>. Moreover, the expression levels of <em>LiPILS3a</em> and <em>LiPILS5a</em> exhibited significant differences during the callus formation process, indicating their potential as key regulatory factors in this developmental stage. These findings offered new insights into auxin transporter genes in <em>L. indica</em> and enhanced our understanding of their roles in stress tolerance, growth, and development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113682
M. González-Lázaro , E.P. Pérez-Álvarez , B. Parra-Torrejón , S. Marín-San Román , I. Sáenz de Urturi , R. Murillo-Peña , J.M. Delgado-López , T. Garde-Cerdán
Nanotechnology in agriculture provides a strategic and sustainable solution to climate challenges. In addition, foliar biostimulants serve to mitigate the effects of climate change in viticulture. This work aims to evaluate the impact of foliar applications of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), urea (Ur), and their combination (MeJ+Ur), applied either conventionally (free) or supported on amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (ACP), on the amino acids composition of Tempranillo grapes. These nitrogen compounds were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the conventional applications, MeJ+Ur proved to be the most effective in increasing the amino acids content in grape must. Moreover, the combined application of MeJ and Ur showed a synergistic effect, enhancing their effect on the grape amino acids content. The ACP-MeJ+Ur foliar treatment resulted in the highest increase in total amino acids content among all applications studied, using significantly less MeJ and Ur compared to the conventional treatment. Discriminant analysis highlighted the distinctiveness of MeJ+Ur and ACP-MeJ+Ur, emphasizing their influence on the amino acids composition of grapes. Nanotechnology in viticulture offers a promising approach for sustainable practices, reducing environmental impact while maintaining grape quality.
农业纳米技术为应对气候挑战提供了战略性和可持续的解决方案。此外，叶面生物刺激剂还可减轻气候变化对葡萄栽培的影响。本研究旨在评估叶面喷施茉莉酸甲酯（MeJ）、尿素（Ur）以及它们的组合（MeJ+Ur）对添普兰尼洛葡萄氨基酸组成的影响。这些氮化合物通过高压液相色谱法（HPLC）进行分析。在常规应用中，MeJ+Ur 被证明对提高葡萄汁中的氨基酸含量最有效。此外，MeJ 和 Ur 的联合应用显示出协同效应，增强了它们对葡萄氨基酸含量的影响。与常规处理相比，ACP-MeJ+Ur 叶面处理对 MeJ 和 Ur 的使用量显著减少，在所有研究应用中，ACP-MeJ+Ur 叶面处理对总氨基酸含量的提高幅度最大。判别分析突出了 MeJ+Ur 和 ACP-MeJ+Ur 的不同之处，强调了它们对葡萄氨基酸组成的影响。纳米技术在葡萄栽培中的应用为可持续实践提供了一种前景广阔的方法，在保持葡萄品质的同时减少了对环境的影响。
{"title":"Methyl jasmonate and/or urea, conventionally and on nanoparticles, foliar applications: Influence on grape amino acids composition","authors":"M. González-Lázaro , E.P. Pérez-Álvarez , B. Parra-Torrejón , S. Marín-San Román , I. Sáenz de Urturi , R. Murillo-Peña , J.M. Delgado-López , T. Garde-Cerdán","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology in agriculture provides a strategic and sustainable solution to climate challenges. In addition, foliar biostimulants serve to mitigate the effects of climate change in viticulture. This work aims to evaluate the impact of foliar applications of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), urea (Ur), and their combination (MeJ+Ur), applied either conventionally (free) or supported on amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (ACP), on the amino acids composition of Tempranillo grapes. These nitrogen compounds were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the conventional applications, MeJ+Ur proved to be the most effective in increasing the amino acids content in grape must. Moreover, the combined application of MeJ and Ur showed a synergistic effect, enhancing their effect on the grape amino acids content. The ACP-MeJ+Ur foliar treatment resulted in the highest increase in total amino acids content among all applications studied, using significantly less MeJ and Ur compared to the conventional treatment. Discriminant analysis highlighted the distinctiveness of MeJ+Ur and ACP-MeJ+Ur, emphasizing their influence on the amino acids composition of grapes. Nanotechnology in viticulture offers a promising approach for sustainable practices, reducing environmental impact while maintaining grape quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113682"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113686
Huixin Zhang , Fulei Mo , Dan Li , Jiaxin Zheng , Sibo Liang , Shusen Liu , Peiwen Wang , Mozhen Cheng , Xiuling Chen , Aoxue Wang
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are a diverse superfamily of enzymes involved in glycosylation reactions, with the GT8 (glycosyltransferase 8) playing a crucial role in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. Tomato, widely cultivated and is a thermophilic plant. So it is significant to study how GT8 regulates cold resistance in tomato for plant growth. In this study, we screened the whole genome of tomato by using bioinformatics methods and identified 40 members of the GT8 gene family. Analysis of cold stress transcriptome data and qRT-PCR experiments revealed the potential significance of SlGolS1 in responding to cold stress. SlGolS1 was highly expressed in the stems and flowers of tomato, with its mature protein localized in the chloroplast. Used the VIGS method to transiently silence the SlGolS1 gene, the SlGolS1-silenced plants (pTRV2-SlGolS1) rendered tomato more sensitive to cold stress compared with the control (pTRV2) tomato plant phenotype after cold treatment; enzyme activity assays showed that oxidative damage was more severe in the pTRV2-SlGolS1. In summary, SlGolS1 positively regulates cold resistance in tomato.
{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the GT8 gene family in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum) and the functional of SlGolS1 under cold stress","authors":"Huixin Zhang , Fulei Mo , Dan Li , Jiaxin Zheng , Sibo Liang , Shusen Liu , Peiwen Wang , Mozhen Cheng , Xiuling Chen , Aoxue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are a diverse superfamily of enzymes involved in glycosylation reactions, with the GT8 (glycosyltransferase 8) playing a crucial role in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. Tomato, widely cultivated and is a thermophilic plant. So it is significant to study how <em>GT8</em> regulates cold resistance in tomato for plant growth. In this study, we screened the whole genome of tomato by using bioinformatics methods and identified 40 members of the <em>GT8</em> gene family. Analysis of cold stress transcriptome data and qRT-PCR experiments revealed the potential significance of <em>SlGolS1</em> in responding to cold stress. <em>SlGolS1</em> was highly expressed in the stems and flowers of tomato, with its mature protein localized in the chloroplast. Used the VIGS method to transiently silence the <em>SlGolS1</em> gene, the <em>SlGolS1</em>-silenced plants (pTRV2-<em>SlGolS1</em>) rendered tomato more sensitive to cold stress compared with the control (pTRV2) tomato plant phenotype after cold treatment; enzyme activity assays showed that oxidative damage was more severe in the pTRV2-<em>SlGolS1</em>. In summary, <em>SlGolS1</em> positively regulates cold resistance in tomato.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113696
Aye Myat Thu, Shariq Mahmood Alam, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Han Han, Dong-Hai Liu, Rohoma Tahir, Muhammad Ateeq, Yong-Zhong Liu
Sugar accumulation is influenced by various fertilizer treatments, of which potassium spraying is the most effective. However, the effect of different potassium sources as a foliar application at different fruit development stages on citrus fruits is still unclear. In this study, three different potassium fertilizers and one water (F1: 0.65% KNO3, F2: 0.88% KH2PO4, F3: 0.56% K2SO4, and F4: water) were sprayed on Citrus reticulata cv. Nanfeng at cell division, cell expansion, fruit ripening, and throughout fruit developmental stages, respectively. Results showed that the six-time K2SO4 application had the best function in enhancing fruit physiological attributes such as fruit weight and the total carotenoids; also, this treatment significantly decreased TA (titratable acid), increased fruit TSS (total soluble solids), soluble sugar content, and TSS:TA ratio. Furthermore, K2SO4 spraying obviously increased the expression of CsCWINV-2/6 in the segment membrane, and CsSUT-1/2 and CsVPP-1/2 in fruit juices. Taken together, six-time application of K2SO4 throughout fruit developmental stages produced better fruit quality, at least through enhancing sink strength and promoting sugar transportation in citrus fruits. This study might effectively contribute to maximizing fruit quality and its marketability.
{"title":"Foliar spraying of potassium sulfate during fruit development comprehensively improves the quality of citrus fruits","authors":"Aye Myat Thu, Shariq Mahmood Alam, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Han Han, Dong-Hai Liu, Rohoma Tahir, Muhammad Ateeq, Yong-Zhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sugar accumulation is influenced by various fertilizer treatments, of which potassium spraying is the most effective. However, the effect of different potassium sources as a foliar application at different fruit development stages on citrus fruits is still unclear. In this study, three different potassium fertilizers and one water (F1: 0.65% KNO<sub>3</sub>, F2: 0.88% KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, F3: 0.56% K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and F4: water) were sprayed on <em>Citrus reticulata</em> cv. Nanfeng at cell division, cell expansion, fruit ripening, and throughout fruit developmental stages, respectively. Results showed that the six-time K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> application had the best function in enhancing fruit physiological attributes such as fruit weight and the total carotenoids; also, this treatment significantly decreased TA (titratable acid), increased fruit TSS (total soluble solids), soluble sugar content, and TSS:TA ratio. Furthermore, K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> spraying obviously increased the expression of <em>CsCWINV-2/6</em> in the segment membrane, and <em>CsSUT-1/2</em> and <em>CsVPP-1/2</em> in fruit juices. Taken together, six-time application of K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> throughout fruit developmental stages produced better fruit quality, at least through enhancing sink strength and promoting sugar transportation in citrus fruits. This study might effectively contribute to maximizing fruit quality and its marketability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113681
Dongdong Yao , Haifeng Jia , Huanhuan Zhang , Xujiao Li , Qi Lv , Hossam Salah , Fengyun Zhao , SongLin Yu , Kun Yu
The use of soil amendment has been boosted in the last years due to its possible influence on fertility, including its potential ability to lower mineral nitrogen (N) losses. However, yet little is known about the effects of different N forms combined with soil amendment on grape growth and NUE. In this study we have prepared fruit tree hole storage brick (FTHSB) suitable for perennial fruit trees, then recommended a new fertilization strategy combining different forms of N fertilizer with FTHSB. We investigated the transformation of N in soil, the N absorption in grape (Vitis vinifera L.), and the root growth in the grape at different treatment (Ammonium nitrogen (CKA), nitrate nitrogen (CKN), amide nitrogen (CKU) applied separately without FTHSB and ammonium nitrogen (TA), nitrate nitrogen (TN), amide nitrogen (TU) applied separately with FTHSB). The results showed that FTHSB significantly increased the dry matter mass of all organs of grape seedlings, fine root indexes in 15–30 cm soil layer, NR,GS enzyme activity, and soil urease activity in 15–30 cm soil layer. FTHSB increased the nitrogen fixation capacity of the soil by increasing the soil nitrogen content in the 15–30 cm soil layer.The highest soil nitrogen content was observed in the 15–30 cm soil layer under TU treatment. FTHSB significantly improved the nitrogen utilization efficiency of grapes. 15N isotope tracking technique showed that without FTHSB application, CKN treatment had the highest nitrogen utilization, which was 6.28 % and 6.01 % higher than CKA and CKU, respectively. However, after applying FTHSB, TU had the best effect, which was 15.61 % and 10.33 % higher than CKA and CKU. These results show that application FTHSB with CO(NH2)2-N can be used as a new fertilization strategy to sustainably improve the growth and NUE of grapes.
{"title":"Tracing nitrogen utilization and distribution during development of grape seedlings by applying different forms of 15N labeled fertilizer with fruit tree hole storage brick","authors":"Dongdong Yao , Haifeng Jia , Huanhuan Zhang , Xujiao Li , Qi Lv , Hossam Salah , Fengyun Zhao , SongLin Yu , Kun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of soil amendment has been boosted in the last years due to its possible influence on fertility, including its potential ability to lower mineral nitrogen (N) losses. However, yet little is known about the effects of different N forms combined with soil amendment on grape growth and NUE. In this study we have prepared fruit tree hole storage brick (FTHSB) suitable for perennial fruit trees, then recommended a new fertilization strategy combining different forms of N fertilizer with FTHSB. We investigated the transformation of N in soil, the N absorption in grape (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.), and the root growth in the grape at different treatment (Ammonium nitrogen (CKA), nitrate nitrogen (CKN), amide nitrogen (CKU) applied separately without FTHSB and ammonium nitrogen (TA), nitrate nitrogen (TN), amide nitrogen (TU) applied separately with FTHSB). The results showed that FTHSB significantly increased the dry matter mass of all organs of grape seedlings, fine root indexes in 15–30 cm soil layer, NR,GS enzyme activity, and soil urease activity in 15–30 cm soil layer. FTHSB increased the nitrogen fixation capacity of the soil by increasing the soil nitrogen content in the 15–30 cm soil layer.The highest soil nitrogen content was observed in the 15–30 cm soil layer under TU treatment. FTHSB significantly improved the nitrogen utilization efficiency of grapes. <sup>15</sup>N isotope tracking technique showed that without FTHSB application, CKN treatment had the highest nitrogen utilization, which was 6.28 % and 6.01 % higher than CKA and CKU, respectively. However, after applying FTHSB, TU had the best effect, which was 15.61 % and 10.33 % higher than CKA and CKU. These results show that application FTHSB with CO(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-N can be used as a new fertilization strategy to sustainably improve the growth and NUE of grapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113687
Thiago Rutz , Jessica S. Pizzo , Alana L. Jacobson , Ayanava Majundar , Edward J. Sikora , Timothy Coolong , Alvin M. Simmons , Kimberly Y. Kartowikromo , Ahmed M. Hamid , Ann S. Ojeda , Camila Rodrigues , Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da Silva
Sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a significant worldwide insect pest affecting tomato production, causing direct damage during feeding and transmitting multiple plant viruses to this crop. Continuing research to improve integrated pest management (IPM) of sweetpotato whitefly is required to maintain profitable tomato production for growers. This study evaluated the resistance of eight wild tomato accessions of Solanum habrochaites and four commercial tomato cultivars of Solanum lycopersicum to sweetpotato whitefly infestation. Field experiments were conducted at the Wiregrass Research and Extension Center at Auburn University, where whitefly populations were reported in vegetable crops. Accessions and cultivars were evaluated for resistance to whiteflies through the ability to reduce the insect population, analysis of the presence of glandular trichomes, and the profile and quantification of terpenes of each tomato species. Results indicated significant variations in whitefly population dynamics among the wild tomato accessions and commercial tomato cultivars. Wild tomato accessions of S. habrochaites had higher numbers of glandular trichomes and distinct terpene profiles, particularly sesquiterpenes, known for their pest-repellent properties. Multivariate analysis identified three clusters based on terpene profiles and trichome types correlating with whitefly resistance. Accessions of S. habrochaites PI127826, PI134418, and G29258 had prominent results. They significantly reduced whitefly nymph development compared to cultivars of S. lycopersicum. The GC–MS analysis of leaflet extracts revealed that accessions of S. habrochaites had higher levels of sesquiterpenes, including α-zingiberene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene, with PI127826 uniquely producing Ar-curcumene and 9‑hydroxy-zingiberene. Results highlight the potential of wild tomato accessions of S. habrochaites in breeding programs to enhance whitefly resistance in tomatoes, which can support a sustainable IPM program.
{"title":"Physical and chemical characterization of wild tomato Solanum habrochaites accessions for resistance to the sweetpotato whitefly","authors":"Thiago Rutz , Jessica S. Pizzo , Alana L. Jacobson , Ayanava Majundar , Edward J. Sikora , Timothy Coolong , Alvin M. Simmons , Kimberly Y. Kartowikromo , Ahmed M. Hamid , Ann S. Ojeda , Camila Rodrigues , Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sweetpotato whitefly <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> is a significant worldwide insect pest affecting tomato production, causing direct damage during feeding and transmitting multiple plant viruses to this crop. Continuing research to improve integrated pest management (IPM) of sweetpotato whitefly is required to maintain profitable tomato production for growers. This study evaluated the resistance of eight wild tomato accessions of <em>Solanum habrochaites</em> and four commercial tomato cultivars of <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> to sweetpotato whitefly infestation. Field experiments were conducted at the Wiregrass Research and Extension Center at Auburn University, where whitefly populations were reported in vegetable crops. Accessions and cultivars were evaluated for resistance to whiteflies through the ability to reduce the insect population, analysis of the presence of glandular trichomes, and the profile and quantification of terpenes of each tomato species. Results indicated significant variations in whitefly population dynamics among the wild tomato accessions and commercial tomato cultivars. Wild tomato accessions of <em>S. habrochaites</em> had higher numbers of glandular trichomes and distinct terpene profiles, particularly sesquiterpenes, known for their pest-repellent properties. Multivariate analysis identified three clusters based on terpene profiles and trichome types correlating with whitefly resistance. Accessions of <em>S. habrochaites</em> PI127826, PI134418, and G29258 had prominent results. They significantly reduced whitefly nymph development compared to cultivars of <em>S. lycopersicum</em>. The GC–MS analysis of leaflet extracts revealed that accessions of <em>S. habrochaites</em> had higher levels of sesquiterpenes, including α-zingiberene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene, with PI127826 uniquely producing Ar-curcumene and 9‑hydroxy-zingiberene. Results highlight the potential of wild tomato accessions of <em>S. habrochaites</em> in breeding programs to enhance whitefly resistance in tomatoes, which can support a sustainable IPM program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113676
Huiqin Zhou , Kuikui Dong , Qianjie Du , Qinying Wei , Jianrong Wu , Jia Deng , Fang Wang
Recently, Bacillus species have attracted significant attention for the biological control of many fungal diseases and the ability of Bacillus biofilm formation makes a vital impact on plant disease control. In the present study, we found that Bacillus tequilensis wild-type strain WDZY 6715 which formed a robust biofilm, could significantly hinder the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum fructicola in vitro and in vivo with an inhibition rate of 65.70 % and a disease index of 30.55 on the 10th day. In comparison to the mutant strain, the wild-type strain WDZY 6715 had a stronger ability to secrete extracellular hydrolases including chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), and the formation of biofilms enhanced its colonization ability on the host. Furthermore, we also analyzed the anatomical characteristics of camellia oleifera leaves treated with wild-type and mutant strains, while the wild-type strain significantly increased leaf thickness, upper epidermis, spongy tissue, palisade tissue and leaf structural compactness (CTR), thus strengthening the physical barrier of C. oleifera. Meanwhile, the wild-type strain WDZY 6715 obviously elevated the activity of defense-related enzymes, which included PAL, C4H, 4CL, CAD, LA, PPO and POD, and stimulated the synthesis of total phenols and lignin. Taken altogether, these results suggest that biofilm formation is crucial to Bacillus tequilensis DZY 6715 against anthracnose pathogen in C. oleifera.
{"title":"Biofilm-forming of Bacillus tequilensis DZY 6715 enhanced suppression the Camellia oleifera anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum fructicola and its mechanism","authors":"Huiqin Zhou , Kuikui Dong , Qianjie Du , Qinying Wei , Jianrong Wu , Jia Deng , Fang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, <em>Bacillus</em> species have attracted significant attention for the biological control of many fungal diseases and the ability of <em>Bacillus</em> biofilm formation makes a vital impact on plant disease control. In the present study, we found that <em>Bacillus tequilensis</em> wild-type strain WDZY 6715 which formed a robust biofilm, could significantly hinder the mycelial growth of <em>Colletotrichum fructicola</em> in <em>vitro</em> and in <em>vivo</em> with an inhibition rate of 65.70 % and a disease index of 30.55 on the 10th day. In comparison to the mutant strain, the wild-type strain WDZY 6715 had a stronger ability to secrete extracellular hydrolases including chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), and the formation of biofilms enhanced its colonization ability on the host. Furthermore, we also analyzed the anatomical characteristics of <em>camellia oleifera</em> leaves treated with wild-type and mutant strains, while the wild-type strain significantly increased leaf thickness, upper epidermis, spongy tissue, palisade tissue and leaf structural compactness (CTR), thus strengthening the physical barrier of <em>C. oleifera</em>. Meanwhile, the wild-type strain WDZY 6715 obviously elevated the activity of defense-related enzymes, which included PAL, C4H, 4CL, CAD, LA, PPO and POD, and stimulated the synthesis of total phenols and lignin. Taken altogether, these results suggest that biofilm formation is crucial to <em>Bacillus tequilensis</em> DZY 6715 against anthracnose pathogen in <em>C. oleifera</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113685
Xiaoyu Gong , Xiaoyun Cao , Chen Chen , Yanxin Peng , Jin Zhang , Xiaohua Shi , Lingjuan Du
Helleborus thibetanus is a perennial herbaceous plant with high potential for medicinal and landscaping purposes. However, the dormancy characteristics of seeds and the conditions that help this species break dormancy have not been investigated. This study investigated embryo growth and the emergence of radicles and epicotyls in seeds over a range of GA3 pretreatment and temperature sequences. Upon reaching maturity, the seeds had underdeveloped embryos that developed fully at 15 °C warm stratification within 6 weeks. Immediately after embryo growth, radicles emerged during warm stratification. However, the epicotyls failed to emerge soon after the radicle emergence. Epicotyl emergence was observed in over > 13 % of seeds with an emerged radicle following 4 weeks of cold stratification at 4 °C. The effects of GA3 on radicle and epicotyl emergence were used to determine the specific types of seed dormancy. GA3 pretreatment partially substituted 15 °C warm stratification to promote radicle emergence and effectively served as a substitute for the 4 °C cold stratification to break the epicotyl dormancy. The overall temperature and GA3 requirements for breaking dormancy and seed germination indicate non-deep simple epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy in H. thibetanus.
{"title":"Non-deep simple epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Helleborus thibetanus (Ranunculaceae)","authors":"Xiaoyu Gong , Xiaoyun Cao , Chen Chen , Yanxin Peng , Jin Zhang , Xiaohua Shi , Lingjuan Du","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Helleborus thibetanus</em> is a perennial herbaceous plant with high potential for medicinal and landscaping purposes. However, the dormancy characteristics of seeds and the conditions that help this species break dormancy have not been investigated. This study investigated embryo growth and the emergence of radicles and epicotyls in seeds over a range of GA<sub>3</sub> pretreatment and temperature sequences. Upon reaching maturity, the seeds had underdeveloped embryos that developed fully at 15 °C warm stratification within 6 weeks. Immediately after embryo growth, radicles emerged during warm stratification. However, the epicotyls failed to emerge soon after the radicle emergence. Epicotyl emergence was observed in over > 13 % of seeds with an emerged radicle following 4 weeks of cold stratification at 4 °C. The effects of GA<sub>3</sub> on radicle and epicotyl emergence were used to determine the specific types of seed dormancy. GA<sub>3</sub> pretreatment partially substituted 15 °C warm stratification to promote radicle emergence and effectively served as a substitute for the 4 °C cold stratification to break the epicotyl dormancy. The overall temperature and GA<sub>3</sub> requirements for breaking dormancy and seed germination indicate non-deep simple epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy in <em>H. thibetanus.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113678
Eduardo Gainete Ramos , Antonia Gomes de Queiroz , Maria Beatriz da Rocha Veleirinho , Ricardo Barbosa Felipini , Robson Marcelo Di Piero
Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, affects strawberry crops (Fragaria x ananassa) and can cause major losses. Managing the disease with fungicides can harm health and the environment and can lead to the selection of pathogens resistant to their active ingredients. The use of essential oils (EOs) represents an alternative control method due to their richness in antimicrobial compounds, such as rosemary EO (Rosmarinus officinalis). However, the high volatility of several components of these oils makes commercial use difficult, and nanoencapsulation presents a technology to increase stability. In the present study, three formulations containing rosemary EO—nanoemulsion (NE), nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), and nanocapsules with chitosan (NC)—were evaluated on strawberry fruits and against the fungus. The nanoformulations retained their characteristics (mean values: size 142 nm; polydispersity index 0.131; pH 4.99; zeta potential -20.2 mV for NE and NLC, and 19.1 mV for NC) when stored at 40 °C for 60 days. All nanoformulations had a direct effect on spore germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea, possibly due to damage caused to the cell wall and plasma membrane, and changes in the pathogen's oxidative balance. NE containing 2 % EO, when applied by immersion, reduced the incidence and severity of the disease by around 40 % and 70 %, respectively, 6 days after treatment. The fruits treated with this formulation maintained their physicochemical characteristics for longer. Thus, the use of rosemary oil from NE can be an option for managing gray mold and increasing the shelf life of the fruits.
由灰霉病菌（Botrytis cinerea）引起的灰霉病会影响草莓作物（Fragaria x ananassa），并可能造成重大损失。使用杀真菌剂防治这种疾病会损害健康和环境，并可能导致病原体对杀真菌剂的活性成分产生抗药性。精油（EOs）富含抗菌化合物，是一种替代的防治方法，如迷迭香精油（Rosmarinus officinalis）。然而，这些精油中的一些成分挥发性很强，因此很难用于商业用途，而纳米封装技术则是提高稳定性的一种技术。在本研究中，对三种含有迷迭香环氧乙烷的制剂--纳米乳液（NE）、纳米结构脂质载体（NLC）和壳聚糖纳米胶囊（NC）--在草莓果实上的使用情况和对真菌的抗性进行了评估。这些纳米制剂在 40 °C 下储存 60 天后仍能保持其特性（平均值：尺寸 142 nm；多分散指数 0.131；pH 值 4.99；NE 和 NLC 的 zeta 电位为 -20.2 mV，NC 为 19.1 mV）。所有纳米制剂都会直接影响 B. cinerea 的孢子萌发和菌丝生长，这可能是由于细胞壁和质膜受到破坏，病原体的氧化平衡发生了变化。含有 2% 环氧乙烷的 NE 采用浸泡法施用，在处理 6 天后，病害的发生率和严重程度分别降低了约 40% 和 70%。用这种制剂处理过的果实能更长时间地保持其理化特性。因此，使用东北地区的迷迭香油可以有效控制灰霉病，延长水果的货架期。
{"title":"Nanoformulations containing rosemary oil for gray mold control in strawberries","authors":"Eduardo Gainete Ramos , Antonia Gomes de Queiroz , Maria Beatriz da Rocha Veleirinho , Ricardo Barbosa Felipini , Robson Marcelo Di Piero","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gray mold, caused by <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, affects strawberry crops (<em>Fragaria</em> x <em>ananassa</em>) and can cause major losses. Managing the disease with fungicides can harm health and the environment and can lead to the selection of pathogens resistant to their active ingredients. The use of essential oils (EOs) represents an alternative control method due to their richness in antimicrobial compounds, such as rosemary EO (<em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em>). However, the high volatility of several components of these oils makes commercial use difficult, and nanoencapsulation presents a technology to increase stability. In the present study, three formulations containing rosemary EO—nanoemulsion (NE), nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), and nanocapsules with chitosan (NC)—were evaluated on strawberry fruits and against the fungus. The nanoformulations retained their characteristics (mean values: size 142 nm; polydispersity index 0.131; pH 4.99; zeta potential -20.2 mV for NE and NLC, and 19.1 mV for NC) when stored at 40 °C for 60 days. All nanoformulations had a direct effect on spore germination and mycelial growth of <em>B. cinerea</em>, possibly due to damage caused to the cell wall and plasma membrane, and changes in the pathogen's oxidative balance. NE containing 2 % EO, when applied by immersion, reduced the incidence and severity of the disease by around 40 % and 70 %, respectively, 6 days after treatment. The fruits treated with this formulation maintained their physicochemical characteristics for longer. Thus, the use of rosemary oil from NE can be an option for managing gray mold and increasing the shelf life of the fruits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 113678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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