Scientia Horticulturae最新文献_第6页

Metabolomics reveals key metabolites and pathways related to mogrosides accumulation in post-ripening Siraitia grosvenorii fruits 代谢组学揭示了罗汉果成熟后甜苷积累的关键代谢物和途径

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114722

Li Li , Ting Gan , Lihong Xie , Ping Yi , Min Huang , Yuhan Long , Dan Luo , Shiqi Wang , Rui Pang , Fenglai Lu , Jian Sun , Dianpeng Li

Siraitia grosvenorii fruit is a traditional ingredient in Chinese tea beverages with medicinal values. Postharvest ripening of S. grosvenorii fruit involves the alteration of sweetness and the accumulation of various metabolites. This study systematically investigated the dynamic changes in physiological properties, metabolomic profiles, and gene expression patterns during postharvest ripening of S. grosvenorii fruits across four stages (P0, P3, P7, and P14). Physiological analysis revealed that prolonged ripening significantly increased moisture loss rate, soluble solid content, relative conductivity, and pericarp color change, while respiratory rate remained stable. Metabolomic profiling identified 3066 metabolites, with amino acids and their derivatives as the most abundant class. Differential accumulation analysis demonstrated that the transitions from P3-to-P7 and P7-to-P14 were crucial phases in the postharvest ripening process, characterized by significant enrichment in amino acid metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Notably, the accumulation of sweet mogrosides (11-oxomogroside V and mogroside V) peaked at the late stage (P14), whereas less-sweet variants (mogroside III and IV) declined progressively. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified the MEturquoise module as positively correlated with desirable mogrosides and fruit quality traits. The qPCR validation revealed stage-specific upregulation of key biosynthesis genes, with SgUGT85–269–4 peaking at P3 and SgUGT94–289–3 showing highest expression at P7. These findings demonstrate that controlled postharvest ripening (up to 14 days) is essential for maximizing mogroside sweetness and fruit quality, providing a scientific basis for optimizing processing schedules in S. grosvenorii fruits production. The identified metabolic modules and gene targets offer valuable resources for future genetic and agronomic strategies to enhance mogroside yields.

罗汉果是中国茶饮料的传统成分，具有药用价值。罗汉果采后成熟过程涉及到甜度的改变和各种代谢产物的积累。本研究系统研究了罗汉果采后成熟4个阶段（P0、P3、P7和P14）生理特性、代谢组学特征和基因表达模式的动态变化。生理分析表明，延长成熟期显著增加了果实水分损失率、可溶性固形物含量、相对电导率和果皮颜色变化，而呼吸速率保持稳定。代谢组学分析鉴定出3066种代谢物，氨基酸及其衍生物是最丰富的一类。差异积累分析表明，从p3到p7和p7到p14的转变是采后成熟过程的关键阶段，其特征是氨基酸代谢、氨基酰基- trna生物合成和次生代谢物生物合成途径显著富集。值得注意的是，甜糖苷（11- oxomog苷V和mogro苷V）的积累在后期达到顶峰（P14），而不甜的变种（mogro苷III和IV）则逐渐下降。加权基因共表达网络分析发现，MEturquoise模块与理想甜苷和果实品质性状呈正相关。qPCR验证显示，关键生物合成基因在不同阶段表达上调，其中SgUGT85-269-4在P3位点表达峰值，SgUGT94-289-3在P7位点表达最高。这些结果表明，控制采后成熟（最长14天）对最大限度地提高甜度和果实品质至关重要，为优化罗汉果生产的加工时间表提供了科学依据。所确定的代谢模块和基因靶点为未来提高苦苷产量的遗传和农艺策略提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of phenotype characterization and DNA barcoding for comprehensive genetic diversity assessment in Hydrangea germplasm 结合表型鉴定和DNA条形码技术对绣球花种质资源遗传多样性进行综合评价

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114702

Yufei Zhang , Bo Jiang , Jiayue Zhang , Beier Zhou , Biao Li , Yue Wu , Yichen Li , Ye Jiang , Huanghui Lu , Erxu Pi

Hydrangea has become a focus of horticultural research owing to its exceptional ornamental value. However, analysis of genetic diversity in Hydrangea using DNA barcode markers is limited. This study systematically investigated the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among Hydrangea varieties using a combination of distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) phenotypic analysis and DNA barcode markers. Diversity analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted on 24 phenotypic traits for 50 accessions. The coefficient of variation for the DUS traits ranged from 12.37% to 132.34%. The simpson diversity index indicated that floral organ traits showed the most significant variation and highlighted the substantial genetic diversity within the Hydrangea population. PCA identified 11 core traits explaining 81.97% of the total variation, demonstrating their utility as primary evaluation indicators. Compared to rbcL, psbA–trnH, and their combinations, matK exhibited superior discriminatory potential, making it a more effective specific DNA barcode marker; consistent with this, amplification of 267 DNA sequences from 89 samples revealed that matK and psbA-trnH displayed the highest mutation rates and optimal identification efficiency. PCA, phylogenetic reconstruction, and the Mantel test identified matK and psbA–trnH as optimal markers for cultivar identification, which showed significant correlations with phenotypic traits. Haplotype analysis of the three DNA fragments revealed 13 haplotypes. The haplotype comprised three dominant and 10 unique haplotypes. The results revealed substantial genetic diversity among the tested cultivars and the utility of multiple genetic markers for variety differentiation. The molecular marker and genetic diversity information provide crucial insights useful for future Hydrangea breeding programs.

绣球花因其独特的观赏价值而成为园艺研究的热点。然而，利用DNA条形码标记分析绣球花遗传多样性的方法有限。采用DUS（独特性、均匀性和稳定性）表型分析和DNA条形码标记相结合的方法，系统地研究了绣球花品种间的遗传多样性和系统发育关系。对50份材料的24个表型性状进行了多样性分析、相关分析和主成分分析（PCA）。DUS性状变异系数为12.37% ~ 132.34%。simpson多样性指数表明，花器官性状变异最显著，表明绣球花居群内具有丰富的遗传多样性。主成分分析法鉴定出11个核心性状，解释了81.97%的总变异，证明了它们作为主要评价指标的实用性。与rbcL、psbA-trnH及其组合相比，matK表现出更强的区分潜能，是一种更有效的特异性DNA条形码标记；与此一致的是，对89份样品的267条DNA序列进行扩增，发现matK和psbA-trnH的突变率最高，鉴定效率最佳。主成分分析、系统发育重建和Mantel检验表明，matK和psbA-trnH是品种鉴定的最佳标记，与表型性状具有显著的相关性。单倍型分析显示了13种单倍型。该单倍型包括3个显性单倍型和10个独特单倍型。结果表明，受试品种间存在大量遗传多样性，多种遗传标记可用于品种分化。分子标记和遗传多样性信息为绣球花育种提供了重要的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Excessive nitrogen application deteriorates integrated citrus fruit quality: A multi-dimensional field study 过量施氮对柑橘果实综合品质的影响：一项多维实地研究

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114696

Huaye Xiong , Shilai Yi , Yue Zhu , Yayin Luo , Furong Kang , Jiawei Xie , Xiaodong Tang , Heinz Rennenberg , Xiaojun Shi , Xing-zheng Fu , Yueqiang Zhang

Consumer evaluation of citrus fruit quality is moving beyond the traditional sugar–acid ratio toward a broader set of attributes, including texture, flavor and nutritional value. Yet the effects of excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization, a common practice in citrus orchards, on these integrated quality traits remain poorly understood. Here, we combined a long-term field experiment with integrated metabolomic, appearance, texture, flavor and aroma analyses and membership-function-based quality evaluation to reveal how excessive N drives citrus fruit quality deterioration. Compared with the moderate N treatment, high N increased fruit size but led to N dilution, reducing N per unit volume by 27.8 %; High N also caused accumulation of cell wall components in the segment membrane (protopectin +84.6 %, water-soluble pectin +24.8 %, cellulose +21.3 %, hemicellulose +71.9 %), resulting in higher hardness and elevated vitamin C. In addition, high N decreased the contents and taste activity values (TAVs) of proline (−17.8 %), arginine (−13.6 %) and aspartic acid (−21.6 %), thereby disrupting the sweet–bitter–umami flavor. In this context, metabolomics revealed that high N disrupted amino acid, ascorbate, carbohydrate and organic acid metabolic pathways. Based on entropy-weight analysis, total N per fruit, total free amino acids, arginine and proline (and their TAVs), and N per unit volume were identified as key determinants of fruit quality. Combined entropy weight–membership function evaluation showed that moderate N achieved the highest quality score (0.915), exceeding high N (0.508) and low N (0.132). Overall, these findings demonstrate that excessive N impairs citrus fruit quality by reshaping amino acid, ascorbate and cell wall metabolism.

消费者对柑橘类水果质量的评价正在超越传统的糖酸比，转向更广泛的一系列属性，包括质地、风味和营养价值。然而，过量施氮(N)对这些综合品质性状的影响，在柑橘果园中是一种常见的做法，仍然知之甚少。在此，我们结合长期的田间试验，综合代谢组学、外观、质地、风味和香气分析以及基于隶属函数的质量评价来揭示过量氮是如何导致柑橘果实品质劣化的。与中施氮处理相比，高施氮使果实大小增大，但导致氮素稀释，单位体积氮素减少27.8%；高氮还引起了节段膜细胞壁成分（原胶+ 84.6%，水溶性果胶+ 24.8%，纤维素+ 21.3%，半纤维素+ 71.9%）的积累，导致硬度升高，维生素c升高。高氮降低了脯氨酸（- 17.8%）、精氨酸（- 13.6%）和天冬氨酸（- 21.6%）的含量和味觉活性值（TAVs），从而破坏了甘苦鲜味的风味。在这种情况下，代谢组学研究显示，高氮破坏了氨基酸、抗坏血酸、碳水化合物和有机酸的代谢途径。通过熵权分析，确定了单果总氮、总游离氨基酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸（及其tav）和单位体积氮是决定果实品质的关键因素。综合熵权隶属函数评价结果显示，中等氮肥的质量得分最高（0.915），高于高氮肥（0.508）和低氮肥（0.132）。总之，这些研究结果表明，过量的氮通过重塑氨基酸、抗坏血酸和细胞壁代谢来损害柑橘果实品质。

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引用次数: 0

An intronic SNP in candidate gene ClALB3 is associated with light green coloration in watermelon 候选基因ClALB3的内含子SNP与西瓜的浅绿色有关

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114697

Taohong Fang , Shixiang Duan , Yudong Sun , Xiao Chu , Xingping Zhang , Yun Deng

Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis generates genetic variation that broadens germplasm resources for watermelon breeding. In this study, a pollen EMS-induced watermelon mutant, g42lg, exhibited a consistently light-green phenotype in leaves and fruit skin, accompanied by significantly reduced in chlorophyll a and b contents. Starch granules and thylakoid structures were also degraded. Genetic analysis indicated that this mutation is conferred by a recessive nuclear gene. A bulk segregant sequencing analysis (BSA-seq) identified ClALB3 as the candidate gene underlying the target trait. A G-to-A mutation at the first base of the ninth intron in Clalb3 was associated with a 7-bp deletion at the boundary between exons 9 and 10 in the CDS. Evolutionary conservation analyses suggests that the 60kD_IMP domain of ClALB3 plays a critical role in SRP (signal recognition particle)-mediated light-harvesting protein insertion. Expression analysis revealed significant suppression of ClALB3 but concurrent up-regulation of SRP components (cpSRP54/43/FtsY) and the PSII subunit CP24 in the mutant. Collectively, our work identifies a previously unreported gene associated with the light-green phenotype. The mutant potentially serves as a valuable genetic material for studying chloroplast protein transport and assembly. Additionally, the light-green mutant provides a practical morphological marker for hybrid purity assessment of watermelon seed.

甲烷磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变产生的遗传变异拓宽了西瓜种质资源。在本研究中，一个花粉em诱导的西瓜突变体g42lg在叶片和果皮上表现出一致的浅绿色表型，同时叶绿素a和b含量显著降低。淀粉颗粒和类囊体结构也被降解。遗传分析表明，这种突变是由隐性核基因赋予的。大宗分离测序分析（BSA-seq）确定ClALB3为目标性状的候选基因。Clalb3中第9个内含子第1个碱基的G-to-A突变与CDS中第9和第10外显子边界处7 bp的缺失有关。进化保守分析表明ClALB3的60kD_IMP结构域在SRP（信号识别粒子）介导的光收集蛋白插入中起关键作用。表达分析显示突变体ClALB3明显抑制，但SRP组分（cpSRP54/43/FtsY）和PSII亚基CP24同时上调。总的来说，我们的工作确定了一个以前未报道的与浅绿色表型相关的基因。该突变体可作为研究叶绿体蛋白转运和组装的宝贵遗传物质。此外，该浅绿色突变体为西瓜种子杂交纯度鉴定提供了实用的形态标记。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of boldnut cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) genotypes for yield and quality attributes 黑果腰果（Anacardium occidentale L.）产量和品质性状基因型的评价

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114716

Deepshikha Jena , Kabita Sethi , Subash Chandra Swain , Pradyumna Tripathy , Bandita Jena , Manasi Dash , Subrat Kumar Mahapatra

This study evaluated twenty boldnut cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) genotypes for growth, yield, and nut quality attributes to identify superior cultivars. The field experiment was conducted during 2022–2023 at the Cashew Research Station, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, in a randomized block design with two replications, using four trees per genotype at 6 m × 6 m spacing under standard management practices. Boldnut types (nut weight ≥7.0 g) were specifically chosen for their premium-grade status and export value, as larger nuts are highly valued in international markets but have not been systematically evaluated under Odisha’s conditions.

Significant variation was observed in vegetative growth, flowering phenology, yield and quality parameters. Genotype K exhibited the greatest vigor (4.87 m height, 41.37 cm trunk girth), while B had the widest canopy spread (5.43 m East–West, 5.77 m North–South). Flowering ranged from early (November–December) to late (January–February), forming distinct phenological groups. For yield traits, T produced the heaviest nuts (14.98 g) and M the largest cashew apples (277.7 g). Genotype T outperformed all others, recording the highest nut yield (3.44 kg/plant) as well as maximum apple moisture (88.27 %), heaviest nuts and kernel sugar content (0.221 g/100 g). Nutritionally, I had the highest carbohydrate (39.14 g/100 g) and protein (21.92 g/100 g), R the highest zinc (67.3 mg/kg), D the highest calcium (19.35 mg/100 g), and G the highest magnesium (211.39 mg/100 g).

Overall, this first systematic evaluation of boldnut cashew genotypes in Odisha has identified elite lines combining yield and quality. Genotype T, the highest yielder, emerges as the prime candidate for future breeding and cultivar release programs. Adoption of such genotypes can enhance farmer income, provide nutrient-dense kernels, and strengthen India’s cashew export potential.

本研究对20个果仁腰果（Anacardium occidentale L.）基因型的生长、产量和坚果品质性状进行了评价，以筛选优质品种。田间试验于2022-2023年在布巴内斯瓦尔奥里萨邦农业技术大学腰果研究站进行，采用随机区组设计，2个重复，每个基因型4棵树，标准管理措施下，间距6 m × 6 m。Boldnut类型（坚果重量≥7.0 g）因其高档地位和出口价值而被特别选择，因为较大的坚果在国际市场上价值很高，但在奥里萨邦的条件下尚未进行系统评估。营养生长、开花物候、产量和品质参数均有显著差异。基因型K表现出最大的活力（高4.87 m，干周长41.37 cm），而基因型B表现出最宽的冠层展布（东西5.43 m，南北5.77 m）。花期早（11 - 12月）晚（1 - 2月），形成明显的物候群。在产量性状上，T的坚果产量最大（14.98 g）， M的腰果产量最大（277.7 g）。基因型T的表现优于其他品种，果实产量最高（3.44 kg/株），果实含水量最高（88.27%），果仁和果仁含糖量最高（0.221 g/100 g）。营养方面，1号碳水化合物含量最高（39.14 g/100 g），蛋白质含量最高（21.92 g/100 g）， R号锌含量最高（67.3 mg/kg）， D号钙含量最高（19.35 mg/100 g）， g号镁含量最高（211.39 mg/100 g）。总体而言，这是对奥里萨邦黑果腰果基因型的首次系统评价，已经确定了产量和品质相结合的优良品系。基因型T是产量最高的品种，是未来育种和品种释放计划的主要候选品种。采用这种基因型可以提高农民收入，提供营养丰富的腰果，并增强印度腰果的出口潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Multivariate analysis of flower phenotype traits in hybrid populations of cultivated jujube and wild jujube 栽培枣与野生枣杂交群体花表型性状的多变量分析

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114657

Zhi Yang , Yao Liu , Chuanjiang Zhang , Cuiyun Wu , Jiurui Wang , Mengjun Liu , Minjuan Lin

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) flowers serve as a vital nectar source for pollinators, significantly contribute to agricultural ecosystems and impacting pollination efficiency and fruit set. Understanding the genetic and phenotypic variation of these flowers is essential for improving breeding strategies, optimizing pollination, and ensuring high fruit yields. However, the relationship between flower traits and genetic trends in jujube hybrids remains unexplored. This study investigates the correlation between eleven key flower traits and genetic trends in the F₁ hybrid population derived from Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba 'JMS2′) and wild jujube (Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa 'Xing16′). The flower traits analyzed in this study include Flower Diameter, flower area, nectar disk diameter, nectar disk area, percentage of nectar disk, pollen quantity, full-blossom period, initial-blossom period, flower bud cracking time, number of flowers per inflorescence, and calyx color. Eleven flower traits were measured in progenies and the parent plants, followed by correlation, principal component, and cluster analyses. Significant positive correlations were observed among flower diameter, flower area, nectar disk diameter, and nectar disk area (r = 0.71*** to 0.99*). The Initial-Blossom Period was positively correlated with the full-blossom period (r = 0.496*), while the flower bud cracking Time showed negative correlations with the initial-blossom period (r = –0.17*) and number of flowers per inflorescence (r = –0.14*). principal component analysis revealed five major components that captured the most variation in flower phenotypes. cluster analysis indicated that 84.2 % of the progeny were grouped with the male parent 'Xing16′, suggesting a trend toward smaller flowers in the hybrid population. Additionally, many progenies exhibited smaller flower areas but larger nectar disks as compared to the parent plants. These results provide valuable insights into the genetic and phenotypic segregation of flower traits in jujube hybrids, which can inform breeding strategies and enhance pollination efficiency, both of which are closely tied to fruit production. This study highlights the importance of flower development in jujube, offers a basis for improving selection criteria for breeding, enhancing pollination, and ultimately boosting fruit yield.

枣（Ziziphus jujuba Mill.）花是传粉昆虫的重要花蜜来源，对农业生态系统有重要贡献，影响授粉效率和坐果。了解这些花的遗传和表型变异对改进育种策略、优化授粉和确保高产量至关重要。然而，红枣杂交种花性状与遗传趋势之间的关系尚不清楚。研究了红枣（Ziziphus jujuba 'JMS2 ‘）和野枣（Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa ’Xing16 '） F1杂交群体11个关键花性状的相关性和遗传趋势。本研究分析的花性状包括花径、花面积、花蜜盘直径、花蜜盘面积、花蜜盘百分比、花粉量、全盛期、初花期、花芽开裂时间、每花序花数和花萼颜色。测定了亲本和子代植株的11个花性状，进行了相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。花径、花面积、花蜜盘直径和花蜜盘面积呈显著正相关（r = 0.71** ~ 0.99*）。初花期与盛花期呈显著正相关（r = 0.496*），花芽开裂时间与初花期（r = -0.17 *）、单花序花数（r = -0.14 *）呈显著负相关（r = -0.17 *）。主成分分析揭示了花表型变异最大的5个主要成分。聚类分析表明，84.2%的后代与父本‘兴16’聚在一起，表明杂交群体的花有变小的趋势。此外，与亲本植物相比，许多后代的花面积较小，但花蜜盘较大。这些结果为枣杂交花性状的遗传和表型分离提供了有价值的见解，可以为育种策略提供信息，提高授粉效率，这两者都与果实生产密切相关。该研究突出了枣花发育的重要性，为完善选育标准、提高传粉能力、最终提高果实产量提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Physiological responses of two apricot-plum hybrids to low temperature stress 两个杏李杂交种对低温胁迫的生理反应

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114691

Na Li, Run Jiang, Yadi Li, Xuying Zhao, Shiling Liu, Youling Zeng

Low temperature is a major factor limiting the cultivation and productivity of crops. In the Xinjiang region of northwestern China, fruit trees are frequently exposed to severe temperature fluctuations in spring and extreme cold in winter. Apricot-plum hybrid (Prunus domestica × armeniaca), an interspecific hybrid between plum and apricot, is valued for its unique flavor and high nutritional value. This study compared the cold tolerance of two main cultivars, 'Weidi' (WD) and 'Konglongdan' (KLD), by evaluating one-year-old dormant branches and flower buds through integrated analyses of stress phenotypes, anatomical structure, and physiological biochemistry. Results showed that the periderm and xylem of KLD branches were significantly thicker than those of WD during winter dormancy. After extreme low-temperature exposure, the semi-lethal temperature (LT₅₀) of KLD branches (-22.93 °C) was lower than that of WD (-20.63 °C), with bud burst rate significantly decreasing in both cultivars at ≤ -20 °C. Based on the LT₅₀ range, continuous low-temperature treatments revealed KLD exhibited a significantly longer semi-lethal time (Lt₅₀) under sustained stress. In flower buds, KLD demonstrated a lower LT₅₀, supercooling point, and freezing point, alongside less severe anatomical damage under frost stress. Physiological analyses indicated that KLD's superior performance was associated with reduced membrane lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species accumulation, coupled with higher antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoprotectants. A comprehensive evaluation based on membership function analysis confirmed that KLD has stronger cold tolerance than WD. This study provides a scientific basis for freezing injury early warning, cold-resistance breeding, and mechanistic studies in apricot-plum hybrid.

低温是限制作物栽培和产量的主要因素。在中国西北部的新疆地区，果树在春季经常面临剧烈的温度波动和冬季的极端寒冷。杏梅杂交种（Prunus domestica × armeniaca）是李与杏的种间杂交种，因其独特的风味和较高的营养价值而受到重视。本研究通过胁迫表型、解剖结构和生理生化综合分析，对‘维地’（WD）和‘空龙单’（KLD）两个主要品种的1年休眠枝和花蕾进行了比较。结果表明：冬休眠期间，KLD枝条的周皮和木质部明显厚于WD枝条；在极低温暴露后，KLD分支的半致死温度（LT₅0）（-22.93°C）低于WD(-20.63°C)，在≤-20°C时，两个品种的芽爆率显著降低。基于LT₅0范围，连续低温处理显示KLD在持续压力下表现出更长的半致死时间（LT₅0）。在花蕾中，KLD表现出较低的LT₅0，过冷点和冰点，以及霜冻应力下较不严重的解剖损伤。生理分析表明，KLD的优越性能与减少膜脂过氧化和活性氧积累有关，同时具有较高的抗氧化酶活性和渗透保护剂。基于隶属函数分析的综合评价证实，KLD比WD具有更强的耐寒性。本研究为杏李杂交品种冻害预警、抗寒育种及机理研究提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Water use and physiological responses of new citrus rootstocks under drought stress conditions 干旱胁迫条件下柑橘新砧木水分利用及生理响应

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114726

Aurora Moreno-Lora, Virginia Domínguez-Armario, Francisco J. Arenas-Arenas

Water stress is becoming an important limiting factor in crop production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Since rootstocks may modulate the performance of grafted trees under drought and flooding conditions, rootstock selection is essential for sustainable citrus production. We evaluated the response of new citrus rootstocks under water scarcity conditions. A pot experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions, involving (i) water stress treatments (0%, 50% and 100% ETc) and (ii) citrus rootstock (B11R3T27, B11R5T36, B11R5T64, US802 and US942, Cleopatra mandarin and Swingle citrumelo were included as a reference). Stomatal conductance, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, biomass and visual symptoms of stress were assessed. Results revealed plant growth inhibition under drought conditions and reduced stomatal conductance in all studied rootstocks. Stomatal conductance was correlated with visual symptoms of stress, indicating that stomatal closure appeared as the main avoidance mechanism. The response time to water deficit varied among rootstocks and was associated with the water extraction rate, which depended on leaf biomass and transpiration. A rapid response contributed to the maintenance of the RWC in leaves in B11R5T36, but not in B11R3T27. Reduced leaf biomass in B11R5T64 allowed the maintenance of RWC despite the high stomatal conductance, whereas reduced transpiration compensated for high leaf biomass in US942 and US802. Our results indicated that B11R5T36, US802 and US942 exhibited the most effective adaptive responses to water scarcity among all the rootstocks studied, and show promise for use in water-limited orchards. These findings may help citrus growers in selecting rootstocks with potential adaptability to water scarcity conditions.

水分胁迫正在成为作物生产的一个重要限制因素，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区。由于砧木可以调节嫁接树木在干旱和洪水条件下的表现，因此砧木的选择对柑橘的可持续生产至关重要。我们评价了柑橘新砧木在缺水条件下的响应。盆栽试验在受控环境条件下进行，包括(i)水分胁迫处理（0%，50%和100%等）和（ii）柑橘砧木（B11R3T27, B11R5T36, B11R5T64， US802和US942，克利奥帕特拉柑橘和甜瓜作为对照）。测定气孔导度、相对含水量（RWC）、叶绿素含量、生物量和胁迫的视觉症状。结果表明，在干旱条件下，所有砧木的生长均受到抑制，气孔导度降低。气孔导度与胁迫视觉症状相关，表明气孔关闭是主要的逃避机制。不同砧木对水分亏缺的响应时间不同，且与水分提取速率有关，水分提取速率取决于叶片生物量和蒸腾作用。快速响应有助于B11R5T36叶片RWC的维持，而B11R3T27则没有。B11R5T64叶片生物量减少，尽管气孔导度高，但仍能维持RWC，而US942和US802叶片生物量减少。结果表明，在所有砧木中，B11R5T36、US802和US942对缺水表现出最有效的适应反应，在缺水果园中具有良好的应用前景。这些发现可能有助于柑橘种植者选择对缺水条件具有潜在适应性的砧木。

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引用次数: 0

Duration of chilling impacts the release from dormancy of herbaceous peony rhizomes 低温时间对芍药根茎休眠的影响

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114735

Wei Zhu , Jinjin Cao , Liqi Chen , Xi Chen , Wei Zhang , Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva , Xiaonan Yu

The asexual propagation of herbaceous peony is common, and its efficiency can be improved by using rhizomes. However, rhizomes and rhizome buds of herbaceous peony require a low temperature treatment to break dormancy to allow for normal growth. ‘Fen Yu Nu’ (an early-flowering cultivar) and ‘Tuan Ye Hong’ (a mid-flowering cultivar), which showed high rates of shoot emergence from dormant rhizomes, were used in this study. Rhizomes segments of three ages (1- to 3-year-old) were chilled at 4 °C for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Shoot emergence and growth were evaluated after 1 and 2 months in the greenhouse, while changes in nutritional compounds, enzymes, and hormones were measured during chilling and early growth to explore dormancy-release mechanisms. It was found that the three rhizome segments of different ages were suitable for propagation. Six weeks of chilling broke dormancy of ‘Fen Yu Nu’ rhizomes (eight weeks in the case of ‘Tuan Ye Hong’). The most pronounced differences in shoot emergence among treatments were observed after one month of growth, highlighting this as the key time point for assessing dormancy release efficiency. Carbohydrates, enzymes and hormones varied in different cultivars, changes that may affect the rhizome dormancy. An appropriate chilling period can effectively break rhizome dormancy and result in a higher shoot emergence rate and height, accompanied by several physiological and biochemical changes that regulate the emergence from dormancy.

芍药的无性繁殖是常见的，利用根茎可以提高无性繁殖的效率。然而，草本牡丹的根茎和根茎芽需要低温处理才能打破休眠，使其正常生长。以早花品种‘分玉女’和中花品种‘团叶红’为研究对象，这两个品种的休眠根茎出芽率较高。三个年龄（1- 3岁）的根茎片段在4°C冷藏0、2、4、6和8周。在温室中放置1个月和2个月后，对幼苗的出芽和生长进行了评估，并在冷却和生长早期测量了营养化合物、酶和激素的变化，以探索休眠释放机制。结果表明，不同树龄的3个根茎段均适合繁殖。6周的冷却打破了‘分雨女’根茎的休眠（‘团叶红’的休眠为8周）。不同处理间新梢出芽差异最显著的时间点是生长1个月后，这是评估休眠释放效率的关键时间点。碳水化合物、酶和激素在不同品种间存在差异，这些变化可能影响根茎的休眠。适当的降温时间可以有效地打破根茎休眠，提高根茎出苗率和出苗高，并伴有调节休眠出苗率的多种生理生化变化。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide identification of sugar transporter genes and their relationship with fruit sugar content in peach 桃糖转运基因的全基因组鉴定及其与含糖量的关系

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114747

Zhaoyang Li, Haixiang Yu, Chonghao Sun, Shihao Fan, Ruiyao Wang, Shuangxin Ji, Runyu Tian, Huitian Wei, Xiaoyue Zhang, Futian Peng, Jian Guo

In plants, sugars serve not only as precursors and energy sources for various metabolic processes, but also function as essential signaling molecules modulating growth and development. The sugar transporter (ST) proteins play key roles in governing the transport of sugars from source to sink tissues. Although genes belonging to this family have been characterized in many plant species, studies on peach still remain limited. In this study, we systematically analyzed the peach ST gene family using an integrated approach combining bioinformatics, transcriptomics, genome-wide association study, and functional validation. A total of 65 ST genes were identified in the peach genome using homologs from tomato as queries. Phylogenetic analysis classified these STs into eight subfamilies, with their promoters harboring numerous cis-elements responsive to environmental and developmental signals and plant hormones. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 8 ST genes are persistently upregulated during peach fruit development, displaying distinct expression profiles. Furthermore, genome-wide association study (GWAS) on fruit soluble solid content (SSC) using 212 peach accessions identified a significantly associated SNP locus on chromosome 4. Based on transcriptomic expression patterns, the candidate gene Prupe.4G042700 was selected as key gene responsible for SSC and designated as PpPMT1. Transient overexpression and silencing of PpPMT1 suggest its positive role in regulating sugar content in peach fruit. The clarified ST gene family and identified candidate gene will benefit our understanding of fruit sugar regulation in peach.

在植物中，糖不仅是各种代谢过程的前体和能量来源，而且是调节生长发育的重要信号分子。糖转运蛋白（ST）在控制糖从源到汇组织的运输中起关键作用。虽然这个家族的基因已经在许多植物物种中被发现，但对桃的研究仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们采用生物信息学、转录组学、全基因组关联研究和功能验证相结合的综合方法系统地分析了桃ST基因家族。利用番茄同源物作为查询，在桃基因组中共鉴定出65个ST基因。系统发育分析将这些STs分为8个亚科，它们的启动子含有许多响应环境和发育信号以及植物激素的顺式元件。转录组分析显示，8个ST基因在桃果实发育过程中持续上调，呈现出不同的表达谱。此外，利用212份桃果可溶性固形物含量的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）在4号染色体上发现了一个显著相关的SNP位点。根据转录组学表达模式，选择候选基因Prupe.4G042700作为SSC的关键基因，命名为PpPMT1。PpPMT1的瞬时过表达和沉默提示其在桃果实糖含量调控中具有积极作用。ST基因家族的明确和候选基因的鉴定将有助于我们对桃果糖调控的认识。

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引用次数: 0