Scientia Horticulturae最新文献_第3页

Analyzing the interaction between native plants Ficus tikoua Bur. and invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113985

Jiyue Wang , Nian Chen , Jiajun Xu , Xiaojian Tian , Tinghong Tan , Wenjia Yang , Denghong Shi

The interaction between native and invasive plant species is pivotal for elucidating invasion mechanisms and formulating effective control strategies. This study presents a comprehensive examination of the differences in photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters, gene expression profiles, and rhizosphere soil microbial composition between the native species Ficus tikoua Bur. and the invasive species Alternanthera philoxeroides. Notably, this research is the first to reveal that F. tikoua Bur. enhances its photoinhibition capacity while upregulating genes associated with carbon metabolism, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and plant-pathogen interactions, thereby sustaining its growth even in the presence of invasive competitors. Furthermore, F. tikoua Bur. actively recruits beneficial microorganisms, including Actinomarina (Bacteria), Nitrosotenuis (Archaea), and Laccaria (fungi), which play a crucial role in pathogen suppression. This microbial recruitment contributes to the preservation of soil Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and carbon cycling pathways, thereby bolstering the native species' resilience against invasion by A. philoxeroides. Collectively, these findings offer novel insights into the complex mechanisms underlying plant invasions and propose innovative strategies for managing invasive plant species. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms that confer the potential resistance of F. tikoua Bur. to plant invasions, which could enhance our understanding of ecological dynamics and inform conservation efforts.

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引用次数: 0

IoT and sensor technologies: Increased water and nutrient savings and profit in Banana cv. Grand Nain (AAA) production

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113982

Mahesh Salimath , Nirmal Kaliannan , Varun Prabhakar , Ravi Iyyakutty , K.J. Jeyabaskaran

Bananas are globally ubiquitous fruit, demands substantial resource inputs, notably water and fertilizers, for its cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IoT-enabled precision farming in optimizing water and nutrient utilization, augmenting banana cv.Grand Nain productivity, and mitigating cultivation costs. This pioneering endeavour for Indian banana cultivation investigated three distinct irrigation regimes, each contingent upon soil water potential thresholds of -50, -100, and -150 kPa, in conjunction with three fertigation treatments comprising 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF). Findings demonstrated that, combination of -50 kPa and 50 % of RDF (I3F3 strategy), characterized by the most stringent irrigation and fertilization thresholds, and exhibited superior growth attributes after 240 days. Although the control treatment initially displayed a growth advantage in terms of plant height, pseudostem girth, and leaf area index (LAI), the I3F3 strategy surpassed it after 330 days, culminating in greater plant height and the largest pseudostem girth at the 300-day mark. Furthermore, the I3F3 strategy yielded a substantial net profit of ₹ 2,77,892 ha^-1, translating to a favorable benefit-to-cost ratio of 1.61, outperforming the control treatment. The cost per tonne of fruit was significantly reduced to ₹ 4,279 under the I3F3 strategy, while water productivity surged to 90 liters per kilogram of fruit, a considerable improvement over the control's 180 liters. Concurrently, the NPK fertilizer cost per plant diminished to ₹ 20.68, and fertilizer productivity increased to 0.625 per kilogram, signifying more efficient resource utilization. Notably, the I3F3 strategy achieved a remarkable 26.02 % water savings compared to the control, establishing it as a highly profitable and resource-conserving approach. In the contemporary agricultural landscape, grappling with soil degradation, water scarcity, and volatile market conditions, the I3F3 strategy emerges as a sustainable and economically viable solution for banana cultivation. By significantly curtailing water and NPK fertilizer usage, this approach mitigates farmers' economic risks and promotes environmental sustainability

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引用次数: 0

Adopting and evaluating a simple model for macadamia tree transpiration in periodically water-scarce subtropical regions 亚热带周期性缺水地区澳洲坚果树蒸腾简单模型的建立与评价

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113970

T. Bringhenti , M. Moriondo , I. Abdulai , E. Joubert , R.P. Roetter , P.J. Taylor , M.P. Hoffmann

Sustainable water management and enhanced irrigation efficiency in the growing macadamia sector in subtropical regions such as South Africa are essential amid severe periodic water scarcity exacerbated by climate change. This requires precise modelling of tree water demand under varying conditions. However, current methods often lack accuracy or require extensive data inputs. In this study, we adopted and evaluated a simple, mechanistic, low data-input transpiration model for macadamia trees. To this end, we conducted a comprehensive experimental study in the sub-humid Levubu region, South Africa, collecting tree sap velocity data from two macadamia cultivars, along with microclimate and soil water data over two seasons. First, the model was calibrated under non-limiting water conditions using data on tree-intercepted radiation, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and canopy conductance to simulate potential tree transpiration (T_d), representing the upper limit of macadamia water use. Secondly, we further developed the model to simulate T_d for water deficit conditions by rescaling simulated potential T_d based on the observed fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW). The performance of the calibrated model was validated against observed T_d from (spared) independent datasets for both cultivars.

Observed macadamia T_d showed pronounced seasonal variability (ranging from 0.6 mm d⁻¹ in winter to 1.3 mm d⁻¹ in summer), largely influenced by varying VPD and FTSW. The model captured the strong response of stomatal closure to increasing VPD, reflecting the conservative water use of macadamia trees. Model performance was satisfactory for both cultivars, and under both non-limiting and water deficit conditions, with lower relative error measures in the latter. This indicates that the improved model under water deficit is well-suited for accurately estimating macadamia T_d under heterogeneous environmental conditions, making it a valuable tool for optimizing irrigation practices and conserving water resources in macadamia orchards.

在气候变化加剧的周期性严重缺水情况下，南非等亚热带地区日益增长的夏威夷果种植业的可持续水资源管理和灌溉效率的提高至关重要。这需要对不同条件下的树木需水量进行精确建模。然而，目前的方法往往缺乏准确性或需要大量的数据输入。在本研究中，我们采用并评估了一个简单、机械、低数据输入的澳洲坚果树蒸腾模型。为此，我们在南非半湿润的Levubu地区进行了一项全面的实验研究，收集了两个夏威夷果品种的树液速度数据，以及两个季节的小气候和土壤水分数据。首先，利用树木拦截辐射、蒸汽压亏缺（VPD）和冠层电导数据，在非限制水分条件下对模型进行校准，模拟代表夏威夷果水分利用上限的潜在树木蒸腾（Td）。其次，基于观测到的土壤水分蒸腾率（FTSW），对模拟电位Td进行了重新标度，进一步建立了水分亏缺条件下的Td模拟模型。根据两个品种独立数据集的观测结果验证了校准模型的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Demystifying the integration of hydroponics cultivation system reinforcing bioeconomy and sustainable agricultural growth

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113973

Anwesha Chatterjee , Proma Ghosh , Bastian Winkler , Vijayaragavan V , Sanjit Debnath , Jedrzej Cichocki , Marielle Trenkner , Bilitis Vanicela , Christoph Riethmueller , Michael Walz , Suhrid Chandra , Harshata Pal

Rapid urbanization and growing population are leading to food and land scarcity hampering the sustainable development of the society. New urban greening concepts have come up to mitigate these problems in a natural way. Hydroponic crop production is a promising approach in the field of urban farming, because of its high resource-use and land-use efficiency. Hydroponic technology attracted the city dwellers to implement this method for private urban gardening or professional urban farming. Extensive research on hydroponics provides a sound scientific basis for its ability to produce high quality of fresh foods all year round, using less water, nutrients and pesticides compared to soil-based products. Recent studies focus on optimizing this cultivation system through developing a better understanding of crop physiology for biofortification in indoor cultivation as well as the integration of municipal waste water treatment, as method to recover nutrients and water while reducing costs and environmental impacts of conventional waste water treatment. In this sector, plug & play systems are demanded with all necessary equipment readily available. Through self-production, the consumers become producers and may adopt a more sustainable consumer behavior. Consequently, hydroponic cultivation can increase resource-use and land-use efficiency through commercial, large-scale crop production in urban areas and raise awareness about sustainable consumer behavior. This in-depth review explores current hydroponics trends, emphasising new developments in smart farming systems and their potential applications in plant biology research.

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引用次数: 0

Systematic characterization of the bZIP transcription factor family of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) and their potential role in phenolic compound biosynthesis

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113962

Javiera Ibáñez , Benjamín Battistoni , Arnau Fiol , Andrew P. Dare , Paulina Ballesta , Sebastián Ahumada , Lee A. Meisel , Andrew Allan , Richard Espley , Igor Pacheco

The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are essential in several plant developmental and physiological processes. The gene family encoding these proteins has yet to be studied in Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.), a species characterized by a high phenolic content in their fruits. In this work, we analyzed the Prunus salicina reference genome, identifying 60 genes coding for bZIP proteins. According to the predicted amino acid sequences, the PsabZIPs were distributed in 12 groups. We also studied the distribution and duplication events of these bZIP genes in the 'Sanyueli' reference genome. Their orthologues were analyzed in three additional Prunus species, with peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) identified as the species containing the highest number of bZIP-coding genes. An RNA-seq analysis of fruits at different developmental stages in two Japanese plum cultivars allowed us to detect 53 expressed bZIP-coding genes, suggesting a role in fruit development. Through a correlation analysis between their expression and nine phenolic compounds, we detected 29 genes with a significant association (p-value <0.001) with the biosynthesis of these compounds. These results suggest the potential role of bZIP transcription factors as regulators of phenolic compound biosynthesis in Japanese plum.

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引用次数: 0

IAA treatment accelerates post-harvest softening in ‘Docteur Jules Guyot’ pear via activation of pectinase-encoding genes IAA处理通过激活果胶酶编码基因加速了“朱尔斯·盖尤特博士”梨收获后的软化

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113965

Xinxin Zhu , Xin Zhang , Xiaofei Xu , Fudong Jiang , Qingyu Li , Hongxia Zhang , Aidi Zhang , Jianzhao Li

‘Docteur Jules Guyot’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) are harvested at a lower level of ripeness and must undergo a softening process before being ready for sale. The plant hormone auxin has varying effects across different species, however, the molecular mechanism by which auxin regulates the softening process of ‘Docteur Jules Guyot’ pear remains unclear. In this study, we treated post-harvest pear fruit with IAA and compared them with the control group. We observed that fruit firmness declined more rapidly in the IAA-treated group, with a corresponding rise in ethylene release compared to the control. Additionally, the IAA treatment increased both water-soluble and ionically soluble pectin while the content of covalently bound pectin decreased. This was accompanied by a significant enhancement in pectinase activity, in addition, through transcriptome analysis, we identified 15 pectinase-encoding genes and 16 candidate genes related to IAA. The results of gene expression and correlation analysis showed that IAA treatment induced the expression of PcGH3.1 and PcILL3, and these two genes exhibited a significant positive correlation with the pectinase encoding genes PcPG1, PcPG3, PcPL8, PcPL15, PcPL18, and PcPME63. Therefore, IAA treatment regulates the expression of multiple pectinase-encoding genes, which in turn enhances pectinase activity and accelerates the postharvest softening process in ‘Docteur Jules Guyot’ pear.

“Jules Guyot博士”的梨（Pyrus communis L.）在成熟程度较低的情况下收获，在准备出售之前必须经过软化过程。植物激素生长素在不同的物种中具有不同的作用，然而，生长素调节“Jules Guyot博士”梨软化过程的分子机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们用IAA处理采收后的梨果实，并与对照组进行比较。我们观察到，与对照相比，iaa处理组的果实硬度下降得更快，乙烯释放量相应增加。此外，IAA处理提高了水溶性果胶和离子可溶性果胶的含量，但降低了共价结合果胶的含量。此外，通过转录组分析，我们鉴定出了15个果胶酶编码基因和16个与IAA相关的候选基因。基因表达和相关性分析结果显示，IAA处理诱导了PcGH3.1和PcILL3的表达，这两个基因与果胶酶编码基因PcPG1、PcPG3、PcPL8、PcPL15、PcPL18和PcPME63呈显著正相关。因此，IAA处理可调控多种果胶酶编码基因的表达，从而提高果胶酶活性，加速‘dr . Jules Guyot’梨采后软化过程。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide characterization of the NRT1 family members under cold stress in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) 椰子（Cocos nucifera L.）冷胁迫下 NRT1 家族成员的全基因组特性分析

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113959

Xiaomei Liu , Jing Li , Dan Luo , Hao Ding , Mengluo Zhang , Ping Gao , Ambreen Mehvish , Xiwei Sun , Chaoqun Tong , Qiufei Wu , Amjad Iqbal , Yaodong Yang

Coconut is an important oil crop in tropical areas, and it plays various important roles in industry. Nitrogen is a crucial mineral nutrient for plant development, and the absorption and transport of nitrate nitrogen, facilitated by NRT1 s have been extensively studied in various crops. However, research on nitrogen absorption and stress resistance mediated by the NRT1 gene family has not yet been undertaken in coconut. In this study, multiple bioinformatics tools were employed to identify 67 members of the NRT1 gene family in dwarf coconuts, which can be categorized into 8 subfamilies. The analysis also determined the NRT1 genes' molecular weight, chromosome distribution, subcellular localization, transmembrane structure, and conserved structural domains. In addition, it was discovered that the proline concentration in dwarf coconut leaves significantly increased after 8 h and 7 days of cold treatment. Transcriptome and qPCR analysis revealed that after 7 days of cold stress, the expression levels of the coconut CnNRT1 genes generally decreased significantly. This suggests that cold stress may inhibit the absorption and transport of nitrate nitrogen in coconuts. In a combined examination of tall and dwarf coconut varieties, it was observed that CnNRT1.5, CnNRT1.8, CnNRT1.13, and CnNRT1.17 genes responded promptly to cold stress signals after 8 h, showing heightened expression levels in various plant parts such as roots, stems, floral organs, and fruit peels. This observation suggests a potential involvement of nitrate nitrogen, regulated by CnNRT1 genes, in the coconut's ability to adapt to cold stress. This further suggests that nitrate nitrogen mediated by CnNRT1 s may participate in the coconut's adaptation to cold stress. These results provide important foundational information for studying the function of NRT1 genes in coconuts and their research on the molecular mechanisms of coconut's cold tolerance.

椰子是热带地区重要的油料作物，在工业上发挥着各种重要作用。氮是植物生长发育的重要矿质养分，通过NRT1s促进硝酸盐氮的吸收和运输已在各种作物中得到广泛研究。然而，NRT1基因家族对椰子氮素吸收和抗逆性的调控研究尚未开展。本研究利用多种生物信息学工具，鉴定了矮椰子NRT1基因家族的67个成员，将其分为8个亚家族。分析还确定了NRT1基因的分子量、染色体分布、亚细胞定位、跨膜结构和保守结构域。低温处理8 h和7 d后，矮化椰子叶片脯氨酸浓度显著升高。转录组和qPCR分析显示，低温胁迫7 d后，椰子CnNRT1基因的表达水平普遍显著下降。这表明冷胁迫可能抑制椰子对硝态氮的吸收和运输。通过对高椰子和矮椰子品种的综合检测，发现CnNRT1.5、CnNRT1.8、CnNRT1.13和CnNRT1.17基因在8 h后对冷胁迫信号反应迅速，在根、茎、花器官和果皮等植物各部位的表达水平均有所提高。这一观察结果表明，受CnNRT1基因调控的硝酸盐氮可能参与了椰子适应寒冷胁迫的能力。这进一步表明CnNRT1s介导的硝态氮可能参与了椰子对冷胁迫的适应。这些结果为研究NRT1基因在椰子中的功能及其对椰子耐冷性分子机制的研究提供了重要的基础信息。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of nutrient solution recycling on water and nutrient consumption patterns and lettuce growth

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113976

Xin Liu , Can Chen , Yi-han Zhang , Yu-xin Tong

Hydroponics is a promising cultivation method that increases crop yields per unit area while optimizing water, nutrient, and land use efficiency. However, nutrient recycling can alter solution composition due to preference nutrient uptake by plants, potentially affecting plant growth. This study investigated the effects of nutrient solution recycling on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) growth, water use efficiency, and nutrient absorption patterns over three consecutive 21-day cycles (C₁, C₂, and C₃) using a deep flow technique system in a controlled environment. Results showed that nutrient solution recycling enhanced water use efficiency but led to nutrient imbalances in remaining solution: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were rapidly absorbed independent of plant transpiration, while magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), and calcium (Ca) were absorbed more slowly. These imbalances resulted in morphological changes, as leaf area were reduced by 22.3 % in C₃ compared to C₁, while primary root length increased by 34.6 %. Middle-position leaves, which are critical for photosynthesis, exhibited reduced light interception and photosynthetic capacity under nutrient recycling conditions. To optimize nutrient management, N, P, and K should be supplemented in multiple doses based on total plant demand, while Mg, S, and Ca should be supplied at standard concentrations with water. These findings highlight nutrient solution recycling as a viable strategy for improving resource efficiency in hydroponic systems.

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引用次数: 0

Canopy management practices in warm environment vineyards to improve grape yield and quality in a changing climate. A review A vademecum to vine canopy management under the challenge of global warming

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113998

Kidanemaryam Reta , Yishai Netzer , Naftali Lazarovitch , Aaron Fait

Climatic factors strongly affect grapevine productivity and quality. In recent decades, global temperature increases of over 2 °C above pre-industrial levels have impacted phenology, yield, sugar accumulation, and harvest time, ultimately affecting wine quality. Heat stress (> 35 °C) for 3–5 consecutive days from high temperatures and excessive solar radiation can disrupt the vine's physiology, prompting accelerated sugar accumulation in berries by 20–30%, a consequence of multiple factors including berry dehydration and high alcohol concentrations that compromise wine quality and typicity. Techniques such as late winter pruning, nanoparticle/antitranspirant application, netting (reducing solar radiation by 20–40%), training systems, and cluster thinning effectively reduce excessive fruit surface temperatures and modulate water loss, light exposure, and air circulation. Additionally, photo-selective shading can decrease berry cell death by 30–50%. Combining various methods can enhance yield and quality in hot, dry climates like the Mediterranean Basin by balancing the sink-source ratio. Adopting a holistic approach by combining traditional and modern techniques will aid viticulture in adapting to climate change. Hence, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) based sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV's), and machine learning algorithms enables precise vineyard monitoring for irrigation and canopy status. Canopy management practices have evolved across centuries to optimize sunlight interception, photosynthetic capacity, and cluster zone microclimate, mitigating negative climate impacts. The choice of trellising in modern times has shifted from traditional, locally adapted methods towards more productive systems supported by fertigation and fungicides in the pursuit of increased yield. We suggest a holistic, microclimate/site-driven approach that integrates varietal biodiversity, precision irrigation, and sustainable soil management, which, even if not supported by AI-driven monitoring, can improve the balance between yield, quality, and vine resilience in a changing climate.

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引用次数: 0

QTL analysis and candidate gene prediction for melon petal size

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113987

Shuang Pei , Yufan Sun , Teng Ma , Xufeng Fang , Zicheng Zhu , Linhong Wei , Xingzhe Liu , Chaonan Wang , Zheng Liu , Feishi Luan , Hongyu Liu , Shi Liu

Petal size is a key agronomic trait for plant reproduction. However, the genetic basis and developmental regulation of melon petal size remain unexplored. In this study, the examination of F₂ populations derived from M1–15 (large-petaled) and PI 614174 (small-petaled) melon lines suggested that petal size is a quantitative trait. Microscopic observation revealed that the difference in petal size between parental lines was due mainly to the cell number and size. Bulk segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-seq) and genetic mapping of data from 2023 to 2024 identified a major effective stable QTL Cmqps8.1 for petal size in a 1.42 Mb region on chromosome 8. MELO3C024520.2 (annotated as ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF024) was preliminarily predicted as the candidate gene for melon petal size through in silico BSA, gene expression analysis, and the cloning of promoter and coding region sequences in the parental lines and a natural melon panel with different petal sizes. The InDel marker Chr08_9521560 located in the mapping region, co-segregated with large and small petals in F₂ individuals and 19 melon germplasms, and could serve as the marker in marker-assisted selection. These results provide a theoretical basis for further fine mapping and functional analysis of key genes related to melon petal size.

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引用次数: 0