Scientia Horticulturae最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive study on the fruit quality of multiple apple cultivars during harvest and post-harvest","authors":"Yali Li ,&nbsp;Qian Ma ,&nbsp;Wenxia Deng ,&nbsp;Hao Chu ,&nbsp;Yu Tang ,&nbsp;Xujie He ,&nbsp;Jia Tang ,&nbsp;Yamei Ren ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Ren ,&nbsp;Yuduan Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thirteen high-quality apple cultivars with maturation periods spanning from September to November, cultivated in the Loess Plateau region of China, were selected as the focus of this study. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to evaluate changes in quality attributes from pre-harvest to post-harvest storage, along with the underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms. The optimal harvest period was determined based on the stabilization of key maturity indicators, including firmness, soluble solids content, starch content, and titratable acidity. Storage quality varied considerably among the cultivars. ‘Aztec Fuji’, ‘Ruixianghong’, ‘Scilate’, and ‘Cripps Pink’ exhibited the slowest softening rates and the highest storage potential, with firmness decline negatively correlated with starch and protopectin content. Using a multidimensional value theory, the sensory evaluation results were comprehensively analyzed to determine the optimal edibility time. As ‘Qincui’ should be harvested between 147 and 155 days after flowering and marketed around 120 days after storage at 0 ± 0.5°C to achieve optimal flavor. Soluble sugars, organic acids, and free amino acids contribute to flavor development, with certain cultivars exhibiting similar sensory characteristics as determined by electronic tongue analysis. In addition, ‘Shinano Gold’ and ‘Scilate’ demonstrated low browning susceptibility, making them suitable for processing. ‘Yanfu 10’, although prone to browning, contained high levels of antioxidant polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid. This study offers practical guidance on cultivar selection, harvest, and storage strategies to enhance apple quality and marketability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals a coordinated stress response and metabolic reprogramming in ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grape berries subjected to partial root-zone irrigation","authors":"Han Yan ,&nbsp;Essam Elatafi ,&nbsp;Sabir Iqbal ,&nbsp;Chen Yingchun ,&nbsp;Yang Guowei ,&nbsp;Zhang Yilin ,&nbsp;Li Xiujie ,&nbsp;Li Bo ,&nbsp;Liu Kai ,&nbsp;Wu Yusen ,&nbsp;Xie Zhaosen ,&nbsp;Wang Chaoping","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water management in viticulture significantly influences grape berry development and wine quality, making it crucial to understand molecular responses to different irrigation strategies. This study investigated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grape berries to partial root-zone irrigation (PRI), conventional irrigation (CI), and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI). Physiologically, irrigation treatments induced significant metabolic shifts without altering berry weight. The PRI treatment maximized sugar accumulation, while both PRI and RDI significantly elevated anthocyanin content and reduced titratable acidity compared to CI, promoting fruit ripening and quality. RNA-sequencing analysis of berries collected at 8 and 12 days post-veraison yielded high-quality transcriptomic profiles with distinct molecular signatures for each treatment. The most pronounced responses occurred in the CI vs. PRI12 comparison (3,205 differentially expressed genes). GO and KEGG analyses consistently highlighted the activation of stress response pathways, particularly heat response, reactive oxygen species, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. PRI induced comprehensive metabolic reprogramming characterized by the unfolded protein response, systematic downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and strategic reallocation of carbon and lipid metabolism. Key adjustments included enhanced trehalose biosynthesis, coordinated suppression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes despite the observed anthocyanin accumulation, and selective upregulation of antioxidant xanthophyll synthesis. Furthermore, cell wall metabolism was extensively modified alongside divergent regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway. These findings demonstrate that PRI triggers a sophisticated cellular response involving protein quality control and resource conservation, offering molecular insights for optimizing sustainable irrigation while maintaining fruit quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenol profiling unveils time-dependent responses of grape berries to high temperature","authors":"Xi Zhan ,&nbsp;Josep Valls-Fonayet ,&nbsp;Fatma Lecourieux ,&nbsp;Ghislaine Hilbert-Masson ,&nbsp;Adrien Daudin ,&nbsp;Christel Renaud ,&nbsp;Pierre Pétriacq ,&nbsp;David Lecourieux","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High temperature is a major abiotic stress that profoundly affects grape berry development and secondary metabolism. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of polyphenolic compounds in <em>Vitis vinifera</em> cv. Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) and Merlot berries subjected to berry‑scale heat treatments (HT) under greenhouse conditions. HT was applied at both the herbaceous and ripening stages. Polyphenolic profiles were only marginally altered during the herbaceous stage, whereas a markedly broader response was observed during the ripening stage. In both cultivars, HT induced a characteristic “increase-then-decrease” pattern in polyphenol accumulation, with CS exhibiting an earlier onset of the induction and a more delayed decline phase than Merlot. Furthermore, transient variations in specific phenolic classes, particularly phenolic acids and flavanols, displayed distinct cultivar‑ and time‑dependent signatures under HT. Taken together, these results reveal both conserved and cultivar‑specific responses to heat stress and highlight the critical importance of high temporal resolution for capturing transient yet biologically meaningful changes in grape berry composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural variation in Solanum pimpinellifolium reveals novel QTLs for stem architecture and secondary growth in tomato","authors":"Maria Urrutia ,&nbsp;Octavio Gómez-Gordo ,&nbsp;Carmen Ruiz-Rubio ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Mateos del Amo ,&nbsp;Miriam Gallardo ,&nbsp;Patricia Segado ,&nbsp;Antonio Heredia ,&nbsp;Eva Domínguez ,&nbsp;Rafael Fernández-Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims at deciphering the complex genetic architecture of stem diameter variation in tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) through a comprehensive phenotyping across multiple developmental stages and heights using an interespecific recombinant inbred line population and introgression lines between the cultivated tomato <em>S. lycopersicum</em> var. ‘Moneymaker’ and the acc. ‘TO-937’ of its wild ancestor <em>S. pimpinellifolium</em>, exhibiting a thinner stem.</div><div>Our analysis identified twelve QTLs with different direction effects associated with stem diameter. Major loci were detected predominantly for the basal internode diameter and were validated in both single and double introgression lines. Pyramiding positive- and negative-effects wild alleles in the genetic background of cultivated tomato resulted in significant enhancement or reduction of stem diameter demonstrating the additive potential of combining same direction effects alleles. In addition, histological examinations of introgression line stems revealed that <em>sd3.1, sd4.1</em>, and <em>sd11.1</em> QTLs influence distinct anatomical stem structures including pith size, cortex area and secondary xylem development.</div><div>Overall, the findings reveal a polygenic, multilocus regulation of stem architecture in tomato, with promising implications for breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of complementary irrigation on carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) physiology and productivity in a Mediterranean semi-arid orchard","authors":"Olga Doumkou ,&nbsp;Beatriz Lorente Pagán ,&nbsp;Carlota Mª Martí-Martínez ,&nbsp;Jesús Mª Domínguez-Niño ,&nbsp;Teresa Munuera-Pérez ,&nbsp;Francisco Pedrero Salcedo","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural productivity is threatened by prolonged droughts and intensified desertification caused by climate change highlighting the need for adaptive cropping systems. The carob tree (<em>Ceratonia siliqua</em> L.) is well-adapted to Mediterranean climates and due to its unique characteristics, is a valuable crop both economically and environmentally. In this study, irrigation was applied in a carob tree orchard under two treatments: complementary irrigation (CI) and deficit complementary irrigation (DCI). Climatic parameters such as rainfall, reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) were recorded during the two-year experiment (2023–2024). To better understand water stress, stomatal conductance, stem water potential and canopy temperature were measured. In addition, data were retrieved from sensors and dendrometers. Yield and productivity parameters, including fruit quality, were also evaluated. Results showed, that the DCI treatment showed increased production in the second year, while CI improved fruit quality. A negative correlation was found between stem water potential and both air temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Physiological measurements proved to be a precise method for monitoring the tree´s response to environmental conditions and provide valuable information for irrigation scheduling, while continuous measurements obtained using dendrometers provided good results in monitoring the water status. These findings reveal the dynamics between the environmental conditions and the physiological measurements, paving the way for new studies in understanding and planning carob irrigation aiming to prevent water stress without loss of yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics analysis uncovered the dynamic changes and aroma characteristics of volatile metabolites in Dendrobium thyrsiflorum at different flowering stages","authors":"Yanni Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoshi Huang ,&nbsp;Tao Ding ,&nbsp;Husheng Ma ,&nbsp;Ke Xia ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Zaihua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flowers of <em>Dendrobium thyrsiflorum</em> possess a distinctive aroma and serve as an important member of horticultural plants. Their components vary significantly at different flowering stages, thereby influencing the sensory characteristics perceived by consumers. However, systematic research on the aroma characteristics and component profiles of <em>D. thyrsiflorum</em> at different flowering stages has not been fully elucidated. We speculate that there is a unique spectrum of volatile metabolites in the full bloom period, which is the basis for the formation of its unique aroma. This study aims to test this hypothesis by analyzing the dynamic changes of volatile compounds. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis methods were used to systematically analyze the dynamic changes of volatile metabolites in <em>D. thyrsiflorum</em> during different flowering stages. There are 22 volatile metabolites can serve as aroma components to distinguish the full bloom stage from other stages, and five key volatile metabolites were further screened out, which jointly contributed to the unique sweet, minty, fresh, and floral aroma during this stage. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these aromas were mainly regulated by three major synthetic pathways. Flavor metabolomics results demonstrated that compared to other developmental stages, the full bloom stage exhibits significantly more distinct and pleasant flavor characteristics. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for optimizing the flower harvesting period of <em>D. thyrsiflorum</em> and provides a scientific basis for its comprehensive utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic substitution improves yield and quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum by enhancing soil quality index and nutrient accumulation","authors":"Yimeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Faming Kong ,&nbsp;Jingkun Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Peng ,&nbsp;Zhiqi Li ,&nbsp;Lin Yang ,&nbsp;Zilong Bai ,&nbsp;Haoli Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Shi ,&nbsp;Jie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive chemical fertilization leads to unsustainable <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> cultivation, which results in yield, quality, and soil quality decrement. Knowledge gaps regarding the effects of organic substitution on the yield and quality of <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> require further investigation. The two-year field experiment evaluated the effects of different organic substitution ratios on <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> yield, quality index (ZQI), and soil quality index (SQI). Five fertilization treatments were designed, including control, farmer’s practice, optimized fertilization, and two substitution ratios replacing 20% and 40% of chemical nitrogen with organic fertilizer. The results showed that the 40% organic substitution significantly enhanced the yield and quality of <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> by 26.14% and 124.56% respectively, compared with farmer’s practice. The M40% treatment resulted in the highest SQI, which was significantly elevated by 127.02%, compared with farmer’s practice. Analysis result of redundancy and partial least squares path showed that organic substitution positively influenced the yield and quality of <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> through direct improvement in soil quality (path coefficient = 0.63) and indirect increments of leaf calcium concentration (0.95), fruit potassium (0.95) and nitrogen absorption (0.93). Our study revealed the corresponding mechanisms of partial organic substitution affecting SQI changes and improving <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> yield and quality. In conclusion, partial organic substitution presents a practical approach to <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> sustainable production in Southwest China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term assessment of morphological and chemical diversity of landrace and bred almond cultivars for industrial applications","authors":"Alejandro Calle ,&nbsp;Jaume Gelabert ,&nbsp;Agustí Romero ,&nbsp;Xavier Miarnau ,&nbsp;Ignasi Batlle ,&nbsp;Federico Dicenta ,&nbsp;Pedro José Martínez-García ,&nbsp;Leontina Lipan","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Almonds exhibit extensive genetic and phenotypic diversity, enabling their use across a wide range of applications. This diversity underscores the importance of evaluating almond germplasm for morphological, colorimetric, chemical, and nutritional traits to identify unique differences at a cultivar level and link them to potential technological uses. In this study, the kernel phenotypic diversity of 35 almond cultivars, including rarely planted traditional cultivars, which primarily serve as sources of genetic variation, and modern breeding cultivars, was assessed. The evaluations were performed for 41 parameters over a 15-year period. According to the results, traditional landrace cultivars often exhibited more extreme values for morphological and chemical traits, while breeding cultivars showed intermediate characteristics with less noticeable variations. Additionally, we also identified notable patterns of correlation between the measured traits. And finally, we discuss the most suitable industrial applications for the studied cultivars based on standard recommendations for each use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of nutritional, flavor, and phenolic properties of hydroponically grown basil (Ocimum basilicum) through modification of nutrient solution composition","authors":"Da Hye Ryu ,&nbsp;Jwa Yeong Cho ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hamayun ,&nbsp;Jai-Eok Park ,&nbsp;Chu Won Nho ,&nbsp;Ho-Youn Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Basil is a widely consumed vegetable valued for both its culinary and medicinal properties. However, its naturally high potassium content can be problematic for individuals with impaired kidney function and related diseases. To produce low‑potassium basil by modifying the nutrient solution composition, basil cultivation was conducted under the hydroponic system in closed plant factory. We evaluated four treatments (N1K1, N1K0, N2K2, and N2K0) for their effects on basil growth, volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles, and antioxidant capacity (via ABTS assay) and conducted one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test and Student’s t-test (using N1K1 as the control) to assess significant differences. After 21 days, all long‑term treatments increased plant biomass and significantly raised eugenol and other VOC levels compared to the control. Notably, the N1K0 treatment significantly enhanced total phenolic and rosmarinic acid content, achieving the highest ABTS activity. This approach offers a novel strategy for producing low‑potassium basil, while also improving yield and functional quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 114549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-dependent effects of supplemental ultraviolet-B and blue light on nutritional quality–yield trade-offs in red lettuce","authors":"Seonghwan Kang ,&nbsp;Yilin Zhu ,&nbsp;Deepak K. Jha ,&nbsp;Bhimanagouda S. Patil ,&nbsp;Shuyang Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>End-of-production (EOP) supplemental lighting can effectively enhance crop nutritional and visual quality in controlled environment agriculture (CEA), as beneficial phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds (including anthocyanins) and ascorbic acid can accumulate within hours to days in response to environmental cues. Narrow waveband ultraviolet-B (UVB; 280–320 nm) and blue light (400–500 nm) are especially effective in improving nutritional quality but may reduce yield even when applied over short durations. This study quantified the dose-dependent effects of EOP UVB and blue light on nutritional quality–yield trade-offs in red lettuce ‘Rouxai’ and ‘Red Salad Bowl’. UVB was applied at 0.5, 1.5, or 2.5 µmol m^-2 s^-1 (UVB_0.5, UVB_1.5, or UVB_2.5) and blue light was applied at 30, 60, or 90 µmol m^-2 s^-1 (B₃₀, B₆₀, or B₉₀) for 16 h day^-1 during the final six days of production. Plant biomass and nutritional parameters were measured at 3 and 6 days after treatment (DAT). All six EOP treatments significantly enhanced anthocyanin accumulation in both cultivars, with the strongest effect observed under the highest-intensity UVB treatment applied for 6 days. Cultivar ‘Rouxai’ was generally more responsive; under UVB_2.5 at 6 DAT, extraction-based anthocyanin content increased by 468 % in ‘Rouxai’ and 154 % in ‘Red Salad Bowl’ compared to controls. Total phenolic concentration showed similar response trends to anthocyanins. Total ascorbic acid concentrations were less affected by the EOP treatments, with levels generally remaining similar to controls at 3 DAT but increasing at 6 DAT; the largest increase occurred under B₉₀ at 6 DAT (27 % increase in ‘Rouxai’ and 21 % increase in ‘Red Salad Bowl’). However, EOP treatments generally reduced leaf expansion and biomass, with greater reductions at higher supplemental light intensities, longer exposure duration, and under UVB compared to blue light. These results highlight clear dose-dependent quality–yield trade-offs under EOP UVB and blue light treatments. Blue light provided a more favorable balance between maintaining marketable yield and enhancing nutritional quality, whereas UVB more strongly enhanced anthocyanin and phenolic accumulation at the cost of moderate yield reductions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 114583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}