Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.10.002
Christian Chavarro-Nieto , Martyn Beaven , Nicholas Gill , Kim Hébert-Losier
Objectives
Concussion is the most prevalent injury in Rugby Union. Isometric neck strength tests have been used in Rugby Union to screen for modifiable injury risk factors. Several methods and variations in protocol exist for neck strength tests, including performing these tests in the ‘make’ or ‘break’ fashion. We aimed to compare these two methods, determine their association, and their intra-session reliability.
Equipment and methods
A cross-sectional study with 11 semi-professional Rugby Union players and 35 university students. Peak-force from three maximal isometric ‘make’ or ‘break’ contractions in neck flexion, extension, and right/left lateral-flexion were recorded with participants seated using a load cell device. Passing-Bablock procedures were used to assess systematic and proportional differences between methods, whereas Bland–Altman plots were constructed to assess bias and variability. Reliability was assessed using typical errors, coefficient of variations (CV), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).
Results
There were no systematic or proportional differences based on the Passing-Bablock procedure. The Bland–Altman plots displayed mean biases ranging from 0.85–1.9 kg across directions, with small (flexion and left lateral-flexion) effect-size differences. Mean break test values (range: 21–26.7 kg) were generally greater than make test ones (range: 19.1–25.8 kg). Both methods demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC = 0.95–0.97, CV = 5.7–12%).
Conclusion
Assessment of maximal isometric neck forces has shown excellent reliability, with no systematic or proportional differences and good correlation between the two methods. The two assessment methods performed in the sitting position can be used relatively interchangeably, although a small difference in flexion and lateral bending exists.
Objectifs
La commotion cérébrale est la blessure la plus fréquente dans le Rugby à XV. Des tests de force isométrique maximale du cou sont utilisés dans le Rugby à XV comme tests de dépistage des facteurs de risque modifiables. Plusieurs méthodes d’évaluation de la force isométrique du cou existent, et en particulier les « break-tests » et les « make-tests ». Notre étude compare ces deux méthodes d’évaluation, quantifie leur niveau d’association, et vérifie leur fiabilité intra-session.
Matériels et méthodes
Nous avons effectué une étude transversale avec 11 joueurs semi-professionnels de Rugby à XV et 35 étudiants universitaires. La force maximale de trois contractions isométriques maximales à l’aide de « break-tests » et de « make-tests » en flexion, extension et flexion latérale droite/gauche du cou a été enregistrée à l’aide d’une cellule de charge, les participants étant en position assise. Les procédures de Passing et Bablok ont
{"title":"To make or to break in isometric neck strength testing?","authors":"Christian Chavarro-Nieto , Martyn Beaven , Nicholas Gill , Kim Hébert-Losier","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Concussion is the most prevalent injury in Rugby Union. Isometric neck strength tests have been used in Rugby Union to screen for modifiable injury risk factors. Several methods and variations in protocol exist for neck strength tests, including performing these tests in the ‘make’ or ‘break’ fashion. We aimed to compare these two methods, determine their association, and their intra-session reliability.</p></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study with 11 semi-professional Rugby Union players and 35 university students. Peak-force from three maximal isometric ‘make’ or ‘break’ contractions in neck flexion, extension, and right/left lateral-flexion were recorded with participants seated using a load cell device. Passing-Bablock procedures were used to assess systematic and proportional differences between methods, whereas Bland–Altman plots were constructed to assess bias and variability. Reliability was assessed using typical errors, coefficient of variations (CV), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no systematic or proportional differences based on the Passing-Bablock procedure. The Bland–Altman plots displayed mean biases ranging from 0.85–1.9<!--> <!-->kg across directions, with small (flexion and left lateral-flexion) effect-size differences. Mean break test values (range: 21–26.7<!--> <!-->kg) were generally greater than make test ones (range: 19.1–25.8<!--> <!-->kg). Both methods demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.95–0.97, CV<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5.7–12%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Assessment of maximal isometric neck forces has shown excellent reliability, with no systematic or proportional differences and good correlation between the two methods. The two assessment methods performed in the sitting position can be used relatively interchangeably, although a small difference in flexion and lateral bending exists.</p></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>La commotion cérébrale est la blessure la plus fréquente dans le Rugby à XV. Des tests de force isométrique maximale du cou sont utilisés dans le Rugby à XV comme tests de dépistage des facteurs de risque modifiables. Plusieurs méthodes d’évaluation de la force isométrique du cou existent, et en particulier les « break-tests » et les « make-tests ». Notre étude compare ces deux méthodes d’évaluation, quantifie leur niveau d’association, et vérifie leur fiabilité intra-session.</p></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><p>Nous avons effectué une étude transversale avec 11 joueurs semi-professionnels de Rugby à XV et 35 étudiants universitaires. La force maximale de trois contractions isométriques maximales à l’aide de « break-tests » et de « make-tests » en flexion, extension et flexion latérale droite/gauche du cou a été enregistrée à l’aide d’une cellule de charge, les participants étant en position assise. Les procédures de Passing et Bablok ont ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49753008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.008
T. Yamada , S. Kurasawa , M. Matsuzaki , A. Tanaka
Introduction
Body weight reduction is often used for addressing lifestyle-related diseases, and for slimming down or improving the competitiveness of athletes. It is known that high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels can be increased by habitual exercise, while low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels may not always be decreased by dietary restriction or exercise. We hypothesized that the levels of not only HDL-C, but also LDL-C improve more with body weight reduction by a combined diet-and-exercise regimen than that by a diet-only regimen.
Summary of facts and results
Six healthy young adult male volunteers participated in two 10-day crossover experiments (20 days total). The first 5 days comprised an adjustment period (energy intake, 2521 ± 304 kcal/day (mean ± standard deviation)). During the second 5-day period, participants either reduced their energy intake to 1261 ± 152 kcal/day, or reduced their energy intake to 1891 ± 228 kcal/day and exercised on a bicycle ergometer to consume 630 ± 76 kcal/day. Decreases in the serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels were significantly larger, and decreases in the HDL-C and apo A1 levels were significantly smaller with the diet-and-exercise regimen than with the diet-only regimen. Consequently, the atherosclerosis index (AI: (TC–HDL-C)/HDL-C ratio) was significantly lower, and the degree of its reduction was significantly larger, after the diet-and-exercise regimen than after the diet-only regimen.
Conclusion
These results suggest that reducing the body weight by a combination of diet and exercise has more beneficial effects on cholesterol metabolism, including changes in apo levels, than diet alone in healthy young adults.
{"title":"The atherosclerosis index during body weight reduction is improved with exercise","authors":"T. Yamada , S. Kurasawa , M. Matsuzaki , A. Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Body weight reduction is often used for addressing lifestyle-related diseases, and for slimming down or improving the competitiveness of athletes. It is known that high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels can be increased by habitual exercise, while low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels may not always be decreased by dietary restriction or exercise. We hypothesized that the levels of not only HDL-C, but also LDL-C improve more with body weight reduction by a combined diet-and-exercise regimen than that by a diet-only regimen.</p></div><div><h3>Summary of facts and results</h3><p>Six healthy young adult male volunteers participated in two 10-day crossover experiments (20 days total). The first 5 days comprised an adjustment period (energy intake, 2521<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->304<!--> <!-->kcal/day (mean<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->standard deviation)). During the second 5-day period, participants either reduced their energy intake to 1261<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->152<!--> <!-->kcal/day, or reduced their energy intake to 1891<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->228<!--> <!-->kcal/day and exercised on a bicycle ergometer to consume 630<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->76<!--> <span>kcal/day. Decreases in the serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels were significantly larger, and decreases in the HDL-C and apo A1 levels were significantly smaller with the diet-and-exercise regimen than with the diet-only regimen. Consequently, the atherosclerosis index (AI: (TC–HDL-C)/HDL-C ratio) was significantly lower, and the degree of its reduction was significantly larger, after the diet-and-exercise regimen than after the diet-only regimen.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results suggest that reducing the body weight by a combination of diet and exercise has more beneficial effects on cholesterol metabolism, including changes in apo levels, than diet alone in healthy young adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127723550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.005
Y. Yang , L. Xiao , Y. Wu , Y. Xu , Z. Xia , S. Wang
Introduction
Given bone cells’ sensitive response to mechanical loading (ML), exercise and vibration therapies are used for improving bone health. The osteoblasts are functional bone cells that control the bone formation. Although osteocyte is the most sensitive bone cell to ML and regulates the function of both osteoblast and osteoclast, it is meaningful to reveal the direct effect of ML on osteoblast.
Facts and results
The osteoblast culture system plays an important role in the study of the influence mechanism of ML on osteoblasts, due to the better control of ML's nature and bio-environment of osteoblasts. Our review describes the classic models of osteoblast culture corresponding to the ML derived from daily activities as well as from the vibration therapy. We also discussed the molecular structure, location, and bio-activity of the mechanoreceptor of osteoblast. ML can directly stimulate the mechanoreceptor by changing the structure of membrane proteins and cytomembrane potential. Calcium flux, Akt, ERK and Rho/ROCK signals occur following the activation of mechanoreceptor and regulate osteogenic transcription and cytoskeleton reorganization to affect mechanosensitivity, differentiation, and proliferation of osteoblast.
Conclusion
These facts support that the regulating function of ML on osteoblasts is independent of other bio-active factors and help us gain further insights into ML in the studies of culture system and molecular mechanism, which is of great significance to treat ML as an adjuvant therapy for bone health.
Introduction
Le mouvement et les vibrations sont utilisés pour améliorer la santé osseuse, en fonction de la réponse des cellules osseuses à la charge mécanique (ML). Les ostéoblastes sont des cellules osseuses fonctionnelles qui contrôlent la formation osseuse. Bien que les cellules osseuses soient les plus sensibles à la ML et régulent la fonction des ostéoblastes et des ostéoclastes, il est important de mettre en évidence une action directe de la ML sur les ostéoblastes.
Faits et résultats
Le système de culture des ostéoblastes, qui permet de mieux contrôler la nature de la ML et l’environnement biologique des ostéoblastes, joue un rôle important dans l’étude des mécanismes moléculaires par lesquels la ML agit sur les ostéoblastes. Notre revue décrit les modèles classiques de culture d’ostéoblastes correspondant à la ML provenant des activités quotidiennes et du traitement des vibrations. Nous avons également examiné la structure, la localisation et l’activité des récepteurs mécaniques dans les osteoblastes. ML peut stimuler directement les récepteurs mécaniques en modifiant la structure protéique de la membrane et le potentiel de celle-ci. Le flux de calcium, les signaux Akt, ERK et Rho/ROCK apparaissent après l’activation des récepteurs de force mécanique et régulent la transcription osseuse et la recombi
鉴于骨细胞对机械负荷(ML)的敏感反应，运动和振动疗法用于改善骨骼健康。成骨细胞是控制骨形成的功能性骨细胞。虽然骨细胞是对ML最敏感的骨细胞，并能调节成骨细胞和破骨细胞的功能，但揭示ML对成骨细胞的直接作用具有重要意义。事实与结果成骨细胞培养系统能较好地控制ML的性质和成骨细胞的生物环境，在ML对成骨细胞影响机制的研究中具有重要作用。我们的综述描述了从日常活动和振动治疗中获得的与ML相对应的成骨细胞培养的经典模型。我们还讨论了成骨细胞机械受体的分子结构、位置和生物活性。ML可以通过改变膜蛋白结构和细胞膜电位直接刺激机械受体。钙通量、Akt、ERK和Rho/ROCK信号在机械受体激活后发生，调节成骨转录和细胞骨架重组，影响成骨细胞的机械敏感性、分化和增殖。结论这些事实支持ML对成骨细胞的调节功能是独立于其他生物活性因子的，有助于我们在培养体系和分子机制的研究中进一步了解ML，这对于将ML作为骨骼健康的辅助治疗具有重要意义。摘要:运动和振动的结合，使人体的生理机能得到改善，使人体的生理机能得到改善，使人体的生理机能得到改善。胞外腺瘤细胞破坏细胞骨功能，并形成骨组织contrôlent。好,les小房骨数字les +合理的la毫升等regulent la以成骨细胞et des破骨细胞是重要的把证据一个行动流转de la ML苏尔les成骨细胞。Faits et reacsultsystem system de culture des osterimacblaise, qui permet de miieux contrôler la nature de la ML et l ' environment biologique des osterimacblaise, joue un rôle重要的数据是，l ' samacimacimaise与l ' samacblaise一样，都与l ' samacblaise有关。 revue danci.9cha.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Nous avons对其结构、定位和活动进行了研究，并将其与成骨细胞进行了比较。ML将刺激器的方向改变为:改变膜结构，改变膜结构，改变细胞电位。Le flux de calcium, les signaux Akt, ERK et Rho/ROCK装置，Rho/ROCK装置，Rho 'activation des reacemoterurs de force, racemoterque, racemoterement，转录，骨，重组，细胞动力学，ce qui influence la sensibilitest，结论:遗传变异与遗传变异、遗传变异与遗传变异、遗传功能、遗传变异与遗传变异、生物学因素、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异、遗传变异等是遗传变异与遗传变异的重要关系。
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Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.011
F. Desgorces , A. Sedeaud , J.-F. Toussaint , A. Renfree , T. Launay , P. Noirez
Objectifs
La popularité croissante du concept de charge d’entraînement (CE) fait apparaître d’évidentes incohérences dans les définitions et les méthodes de quantification utilisées dans la littérature. Pour les limiter, les principes fondateurs du concept ont été utilisés pour proposer une définition opérationnelle de la CE permettant par la suite d’analyser la pertinence des méthodes de quantification actuelles.
Actualités
La CE peut être définie comme la valeur décrivant la dose d’effort induite par la combinaison des variables d’exercice. Les mesures de CE ne doivent pas être faussées par une pondération excessive du volume, de l’intensité ou de la densité de l’exercice. Les premières méthodes de quantification fondées sur le produit de l’intensité, du volume et de la densité ne tiennent pas compte de la nature non linéaire de leur relation et surévaluent l’influence du volume dans leurs calculs. Inversement, l’atteinte de la fatigue peut refléter avec précision les effets combinés de toutes les variables d’exercice en signalant le stress psychophysiologique maximal et, par conséquent, la CE maximale réalisable.
Projets et perspectives
Les méthodes de quantification fondées sur la fatigue exigent une meilleure compréhension et connaissance des maximums d’exercice. Les nouvelles technologies de suivi des athlètes pourraient aider à déterminer et enregistrer ces maximums.
Conclusions
Cet article suggère que, pour comparer les effets des exercices et pour accumuler des exercices dans une CE totale, la dose devrait être exprimée par rapport aux maximums des exercices résultant en CE fondées sur la fatigue.
Objective
As the concept of training load grows in popularity, inconsistencies in definitions and quantification methods used in literature are more and more apparent. To limit such disagreements, principles founding the concept were studied to propose an operational definition of training load that was subsequently used to analyze the accuracy of quantification methods.
News
Training load might be defined as the value describing the dose of effort induced by the combination of the exercise variables. Training load metrics should not be skewed by excess weighting of exercise volume, intensity, or density. Early methods based on the product of intensity, volume, and density do not take into account the non-linear nature of increases in their components, and volume is overexpressed in their training load calculations. Conversely, fatigue achievement may accurately reflect the combined effects of all exercise variables by signaling the maximal psychophysiological stress and in consequence maximal attainable training load.
Prospects and projects
Fatigue-based quantification methods require better understanding and knowledge of exercise maximums. Probably new technologies for athletes m
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Pub Date : 2023-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.11.004
H.-T. Roh
{"title":"The effect of post-exercise hyperbaric oxygen therapy on cognitive performance: A pilot study","authors":"H.-T. Roh","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133192814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.007
S. Grosdent , D. Colman , C. Demoulin , J.-F. Kaux , N. Roussel , M. Vanderthommen
Objectives
The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the prevalence of impaired lumbopelvic motor control in elite tennis players with disabling episode of low back pain in the previous year.
Material and methods
Thirty-five elite tennis players (9 males and 26 females, mean age 17.4 ± 2.6 years) from two Belgian Tennis Academies were asked to fill in questionnaires related to low back pain and to perform five lumbopelvic motor control tests (bent knee fall out test, knee lift abdominal test, sitting knee extension test, waiters bow and transversus abdominis test). A physiotherapist, blinded to the medical history of the participants, scored the performance of the players for each of the tests (0 = failed, 1 = correct) resulting in a total lumbopelvic motor control score ranging from 0 to 5.
Results
Forty percent of players reported at least one past disabling episode of low back pain lasting more than five consecutive days in the previous year. Significant more altered lumbopelvic motor control tests were observed in players with a history of low back pain (score of 1.7 vs. 3.3 in those without a history of low back pain, P < 0.001). The between-group difference was particularly marked for the bent knee fall out test, the knee lift abdominal test and the transversus abdominis test (P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions
The current study confirms that low back pain is common in tennis players and has pointed out an impaired motor control of the lumbopelvic region in most tennis players with a history of low back pain.
Objectifs
Cette étude transversale a pour objectif d’examiner la prévalence des altérations du contrôle moteur lombo-pelvien de joueurs de tennis élites avec un antécédent de lombalgie invalidante au cours de l’année écoulée.
Matériel et méthodes
Trente-cinq joueurs de tennis élites (9 hommes et 26 femmes, âge moyen de 17,4 ± 2,6 ans) issus de deux académies de tennis belges ont complété des questionnaires relatifs à la lombalgie et réalisé cinq tests de contrôle moteur lombo-pelvien (le « bent knee fall out test », le « knee lift abdominal test », le « sitting knee extension test », le « waiters bow » et la capacité à contracter le muscle transverse de l’abdomen). Une kinésithérapeute expérimentée, ignorant les antécédents médicaux des participants, a évalué les performances de chacun des joueurs lors des cinq tests (0 = échec, 1 = réalisation correcte), aboutissant à un score de contrôle moteur lombo-pelvien compris entre 0 (échec aux cinq tests) et 5 (réussite aux cinq tests).
Résultats
Quarante pour cent des joueurs ont rapporté au moins un épisode invalidant de lombalgie d’une durée minimale
{"title":"Lumbopelvic motor control in elite tennis players with and without a history of low back pain","authors":"S. Grosdent , D. Colman , C. Demoulin , J.-F. Kaux , N. Roussel , M. Vanderthommen","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the prevalence of impaired lumbopelvic motor control in elite tennis players with disabling episode of low back pain in the previous year.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Thirty-five elite tennis players (9 males and 26 females, mean age 17.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <span>2.6 years) from two Belgian Tennis Academies were asked to fill in questionnaires related to low back pain and to perform five lumbopelvic motor control tests (bent knee fall out test, knee lift abdominal test, sitting knee extension test, waiters bow and transversus abdominis test). A physiotherapist, blinded to the medical history of the participants, scored the performance of the players for each of the tests (0</span> <!-->=<!--> <!-->failed, 1<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->correct) resulting in a total lumbopelvic motor control score ranging from 0 to 5.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Forty percent of players reported at least one past disabling episode of low back pain lasting more than five consecutive days in the previous year. Significant more altered lumbopelvic motor control tests were observed in players with a history of low back pain (score of 1.7 vs. 3.3 in those without a history of low back pain, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). The between-group difference was particularly marked for the bent knee fall out test, the knee lift abdominal test and the transversus abdominis test (<em>P</em> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The current study confirms that low back pain is common in tennis players and has pointed out an impaired motor control of the lumbopelvic region in most tennis players with a history of low back pain.</p></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>Cette étude transversale a pour objectif d’examiner la prévalence des altérations du contrôle moteur lombo-pelvien de joueurs de tennis élites avec un antécédent de lombalgie invalidante au cours de l’année écoulée.</p></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><p>Trente-cinq joueurs de tennis élites (9 hommes et 26 femmes, âge moyen de 17,4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2,6 ans) issus de deux académies de tennis belges ont complété des questionnaires relatifs à la lombalgie et réalisé cinq tests de contrôle moteur lombo-pelvien (le « bent knee fall out test », le « knee lift abdominal test », le « sitting knee extension test », le « waiters bow » et la capacité à contracter le muscle transverse de l’abdomen). Une kinésithérapeute expérimentée, ignorant les antécédents médicaux des participants, a évalué les performances de chacun des joueurs lors des cinq tests (0<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->échec, 1<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->réalisation correcte), aboutissant à un score de contrôle moteur lombo-pelvien compris entre 0 (échec aux cinq tests) et 5 (réussite aux cinq tests).</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Quarante pour cent des joueurs ont rapporté au moins un épisode invalidant de lombalgie d’une durée minimale","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133573189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.010
C. Ayán , I. Bidaurrazaga-Letona , A. Martin , M. Lejonagoitia-Garmendia , J. Torres-Unda , I. Esain
Introduction
This study was designed to compare the impact of Hatha yoga versus stretching on physical outcomes, quality of life and motor function in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).
Summary of facts and results
The sample consisted of 23 patients with Parkinson's disease divided into 2 groups: 11 in the stretching group and 12 in the Hatha yoga group. Motor function, quality of life, functional autonomy, flexibility, lower body muscular strength, walking speed and the stabilometric test were recorded. The stretching group led to significant changes in motor function (P < 0.05), upper-limb flexibility (P < 0.05) and lower-limb muscular strength (P < 0.001). In both groups, significant improvements (P < 0.01) were observed in functional autonomy and walking speed. However, the time × group analysis showed that the stretching group had better results in functional autonomy (P < 0.05) and in walking speed (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the stabilometric test.
Conclusion
One weekly session of Hatha yoga might not be enough to bring about significant changes on motor function, quality of life, fitness, functional autonomy and balance in people with mild to moderate PD. Stretching is an interesting rehabilitation approach as it leads to significant changes in motor function and walking speed.
Introduction
Cette étude a été conçue pour comparer l’impact du stretching par rapport au Hatha yoga sur les résultats physiques, la qualité de vie et la fonction motrice des personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson.
Résumé des faits et des résultats
L’échantillon était composé de 23 patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson répartis en 2 groupes : 11 dans le groupe stretching et 12 dans le groupe Hatha yoga. La fonction motrice, la qualité de vie, l’autonomie fonctionnelle, la flexibilité, la force musculaire du bas du corps, la vitesse de marche et le test stabilométrique ont été enregistrés. Le groupe stretching a subi des changements significatifs dans la fonction motrice (p < 0,05), la flexibilité des membres supérieurs (p < 0,05) et la force musculaire des membres inférieurs (p < 0,001). Dans les deux groupes, des améliorations significatives (p < 0,01) ont été observées dans l’autonomie fonctionnelle et la vitesse de marche. Cependant, l’analyse temps × groupe a montré que le groupe stretching avait de meilleurs résultats en autonomie fonctionnelle (p < 0,05) et en vitesse de marche (p < 0,05). Aucune différence significative n’a été observée dans le test stabil
{"title":"Effects of stretching vs. in Hatha yoga people with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"C. Ayán , I. Bidaurrazaga-Letona , A. Martin , M. Lejonagoitia-Garmendia , J. Torres-Unda , I. Esain","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study was designed to compare the impact of Hatha yoga versus stretching on physical outcomes, quality of life and motor function in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).</p></div><div><h3>Summary of facts and results</h3><p>The sample consisted of 23 patients with Parkinson's disease divided into 2 groups: 11 in the stretching group and 12 in the Hatha yoga group. Motor function, quality of life, functional autonomy, flexibility, lower body muscular strength, walking speed and the stabilometric test were recorded. The stretching group led to significant changes in motor function (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), upper-limb flexibility (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05) and lower-limb muscular strength (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). In both groups, significant improvements (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) were observed in functional autonomy and walking speed. However, the time × group analysis showed that the stretching group had better results in functional autonomy (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05) and in walking speed (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). No significant differences were observed in the stabilometric test.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>One weekly session of Hatha yoga might not be enough to bring about significant changes on motor function, quality of life, fitness, functional autonomy and balance in people with mild to moderate PD. Stretching is an interesting rehabilitation approach as it leads to significant changes in motor function and walking speed.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cette étude a été conçue pour comparer l’impact du stretching par rapport au Hatha yoga sur les résultats physiques, la qualité de vie et la fonction motrice des personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson.</p></div><div><h3>Résumé des faits et des résultats</h3><p>L’échantillon était composé de 23 patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson répartis en 2 groupes : 11 dans le groupe stretching et 12 dans le groupe Hatha yoga. La fonction motrice, la qualité de vie, l’autonomie fonctionnelle, la flexibilité, la force musculaire du bas du corps, la vitesse de marche et le test stabilométrique ont été enregistrés. Le groupe stretching a subi des changements significatifs dans la fonction motrice (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,05), la flexibilité des membres supérieurs (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,05) et la force musculaire des membres inférieurs (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,001). Dans les deux groupes, des améliorations significatives (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,01) ont été observées dans l’autonomie fonctionnelle et la vitesse de marche. Cependant, l’analyse temps<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->groupe a montré que le groupe stretching avait de meilleurs résultats en autonomie fonctionnelle (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,05) et en vitesse de marche (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,05). Aucune différence significative n’a été observée dans le test stabil","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.001
F. Brocherie , M. Paquette , A.-C. Dupont , F. Margue , R. Seil , G. Martens
{"title":"Défis de thermorégulation et d’altitude chez les athlètes de haut niveau : synthèse ReFORM de la déclaration de consensus du Comité International Olympique","authors":"F. Brocherie , M. Paquette , A.-C. Dupont , F. Margue , R. Seil , G. Martens","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49759639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.008
H. Cao , X.-C. Zhou , H. Li , M. Wang , W. Wu , J. Zou
Background
Osteoarthritis has become an international health issue as the global population ages. Because exercise intervention is of high efficiency and therapeutic effect, the application of exercise intervention for patients with osteoarthritis is highly accepted around the world.
Aim
To perform a bibliometric analysis of literatures on “exercise for osteoarthritis” from 1975–2021.
Methods
Literature pertaining to exercise for osteoarthritis from 1975 to 2021 was collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace was used to analyze publication output, published countries, authors, cited references, and keywords.
Results
In total, 2199 papers were collected from the WoS Core Collection database. The analysis revealed that the number of publications has continually increased over the past few decades. The last seven years have been the fastest growth periods. USA has been being the most prolific publisher, with China is catching on. Kim L. Bennell from Australia had the highest publication output. The keywords showed that “knee osteoarthritis,” “hip,” “pain,” “older adult,” and “physical activity” were the most cited words. “Neuromuscular exercise” has become the latest research trend in the field of osteoarthritis.
Conclusion
The findings of this study demonstrate the detailed development and status of exercise interventions in osteoarthritis.
Contexte
L’arthrose est devenue un enjeu de santé international dans un contexte de vieillissement de la population mondiale. Compte tenu de l’efficacité thérapeutique importante de l’activité physique, son utilisation chez les patients souffrant d’arthrose est largement reconnue dans le monde entier.
But
Effectuer une analyse bibliométrique de la littérature sur « l’exercice pour l’arthrose » de 1975 à 2021.
Méthode
La littérature portant sur l’exercice dans l’arthrose de 1975 à 2021 a été collectée dans la base de données de la Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace a été utilisé en vue d’analyser la publication, les pays publiés, les auteurs, les références citées et les mots clés.
Résultats
Au total, 2199 articles ont été collectés dans la base de données de Web of Science Core Collection. L’analyse a démontré que le nombre de publications a augmenté depuis quelques décennies. Les sept dernières années ont marqué les périodes de croissance les plus rapides. Les États-Unis ont été l’éditeur le plus prolifique et la Chine est sur le point de les rattraper. Kim L. Bennell, originaire d’Australie, est l’auteur des publications les plus nombreuses. Les mots clés indiquent que « arthrose du genou », « articulation coxo-fémorale », « douleur », « adulte âgé » et « activité physique » sont les mots les plus cités. « L’exercice neuromusculaire » est devenu le der
{"title":"Exercise for osteoarthritis: A global articles bibliometric analysis from 1975 to 2021","authors":"H. Cao , X.-C. Zhou , H. Li , M. Wang , W. Wu , J. Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Osteoarthritis has become an </span>international health issue as the global population ages. Because exercise intervention is of high efficiency and therapeutic effect, the application of exercise intervention for patients with osteoarthritis is highly accepted around the world.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To perform a bibliometric analysis of literatures on “exercise for osteoarthritis” from 1975–2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Literature pertaining to exercise for osteoarthritis from 1975 to 2021 was collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace was used to analyze publication output, published countries, authors, cited references, and keywords.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 2199 papers were collected from the WoS Core Collection database. The analysis revealed that the number of publications has continually increased over the past few decades. The last seven years have been the fastest growth periods. USA has been being the most prolific publisher, with China is catching on. Kim L. Bennell from Australia had the highest publication output. The keywords showed that “knee osteoarthritis,” “hip,” “pain,” “older adult,” and “physical activity” were the most cited words. “Neuromuscular exercise” has become the latest research trend in the field of osteoarthritis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of this study demonstrate the detailed development and status of exercise interventions in osteoarthritis.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>L’arthrose est devenue un enjeu de santé international dans un contexte de vieillissement de la population mondiale. Compte tenu de l’efficacité thérapeutique importante de l’activité physique, son utilisation chez les patients souffrant d’arthrose est largement reconnue dans le monde entier.</p></div><div><h3>But</h3><p>Effectuer une analyse bibliométrique de la littérature sur « l’exercice pour l’arthrose » de 1975 à 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>La littérature portant sur l’exercice dans l’arthrose de 1975 à 2021 a été collectée dans la base de données de la Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace a été utilisé en vue d’analyser la publication, les pays publiés, les auteurs, les références citées et les mots clés.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Au total, 2199 articles ont été collectés dans la base de données de Web of Science Core Collection. L’analyse a démontré que le nombre de publications a augmenté depuis quelques décennies. Les sept dernières années ont marqué les périodes de croissance les plus rapides. Les États-Unis ont été l’éditeur le plus prolifique et la Chine est sur le point de les rattraper. Kim L. Bennell, originaire d’Australie, est l’auteur des publications les plus nombreuses. Les mots clés indiquent que « arthrose du genou », « articulation coxo-fémorale », « douleur », « adulte âgé » et « activité physique » sont les mots les plus cités. « L’exercice neuromusculaire » est devenu le der","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.015
Haniel Fernandes
Objective
To evaluate the adequacy of nutrient intake in relation to the current recommendations in bodybuilders during a preparation into off season (OS) and pre contest (PC) phases.
Methods
All selected athletes would be assessed for nutrient intake using a 4-week consecutive food diary by Diet Win® software. A balance Plenna® and Stadiometer (exata, Brazil) were utilized for body weight and height measurements, respectively. Body composition was determined by a 2.5 MHz A-mode transducer portable ultrasound (BodyMetrix, BX2000, IntelaMetrix, Inc., Livermore, CA). The macronutrient intakes were compared with current recommendations and thiamine, retinol, tocopherol, calcium, zinc, manganese, and copper were compared with the values recommended by the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) using the “Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) as a cut-off” except for sodium and calcium for which Adequate Intake (AI) was used as parameter.
Results
The anthropometric average values used from the scale, stadiometer and ultrasound device were 174.1 (± 1.8) cm, 82.6 (± 7.3) kg and 9.8 (± 3.4) % about height, weight and body fat percentage in PC, respectively. Where no significant differences were found between individuals (P > 0.05). The average energy balance in OS and PC was 542.32 (± 433.12) kcal and –1256.51 (± 390.35) kcal, respectively. The average macronutrients ingestion was 2.68 (± 0.73) g. kg-1 and 2.64 (± 0.75) g. kg-1 protein, 1.09 (± 0.35) g. kg-1 and 0.52 (± 0.17) g. kg-1 fats and 6.52 (± 1.09) g. kg-1 and 3.51 (± 1.00) g. kg-1 carbohydrates, respectively for the OS and PC. In PC limited nutrient intake has reached thiamine, retinol, tocopherol, calcium, zinc, manganese, and copper. What caused changes to antioxidant systems such as TBARs and TBARs/TROLOX ratio that increase in PC 33% and 59%, respectively. Besides that, tocopherol showed negative correlation with TBARs (r = –0.78).
Conclusion
During the pre-contest phase, losses in micronutrient intake may occur, especially thiamine, retinol, tocopherol, calcium, zinc, manganese, and copper, probably due to severe energy restriction applied in this phase which influences the smallest amount and food variety, which may be a mediator and to influence negatively the bodybuilding athlete antioxidant system.
Objectif
Évaluer l’adéquation des apports nutritionnels par rapport aux recommandations en vigueur chez les bodybuilders lors d’une préparation aux phases hors saison (OS) et pré concours (PC).
Méthodes
Tous les athlètes sélectionnés ont été évalués pour l’apport en nutriments à l’aide d’un journal alimentaire consécutif de 4 semaines par le logiciel Diet Win®. Une balance Plenna ® et un Stadiomètre (
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