Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2023.02.002
S. Biau , C. Le Navenec , E. Pycik , B. Noury
Objectif
L’objectif principal était d’évaluer les effets d’un cycle d’étirement et de renforcement des muscles antérieurs et postérieurs du tronc chez des cavaliers professionnels en formation.
Matériels et méthodes
Au total, 18 cavaliers futurs professionnels ont été divisés en 2 groupes. L’un a bénéficié d’un cycle de 10 semaines de renforcement et étirement des muscles du tronc. Leur activité équestre a été évaluée avant et après le cycle ainsi que leur perception de douleurs lombalgiques.
Résultats
À l’issue du cycle de 10 semaines, le fonctionnement à cheval des cavaliers du groupe ayant participé au programme s’est significativement amélioré contrairement à celui des cavaliers du groupe témoin. Les douleurs ont diminué au repos, lors des tâches à pied et pendant l’activité à cheval.
Objective
The main objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a stretching and strengthening program of the anterior and posterior trunk muscles in future professional riders.
Materials and methods
In total, 20 future professional riders were divided into 2 groups. One of the two groups received a 10-week program of strengthening and stretching of the trunk muscles. Their movements on the horse were evaluated during a training session before and after the cycle, as well as their perception of low back pain.
Results
At the end of the 10-week program, movements of the riders in the group who have participated in the program significantly improved, unlike that of the riders in the control group. Moreover, their pain decreased at rest, during walking tasks and during riding.
{"title":"Un cycle de dix semaines d’étirement et de renforcement des muscles du tronc impacte l’activité équestre et diminue les douleurs lombaires des futurs cavaliers professionnels","authors":"S. Biau , C. Le Navenec , E. Pycik , B. Noury","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>L’objectif principal était d’évaluer les effets d’un cycle d’étirement et de renforcement des muscles antérieurs et postérieurs du tronc chez des cavaliers professionnels en formation.</p></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><p>Au total, 18 cavaliers futurs professionnels ont été divisés en 2 groupes. L’un a bénéficié d’un cycle de 10 semaines de renforcement et étirement des muscles du tronc. Leur activité équestre a été évaluée avant et après le cycle ainsi que leur perception de douleurs lombalgiques.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>À l’issue du cycle de 10 semaines, le fonctionnement à cheval des cavaliers du groupe ayant participé au programme s’est significativement amélioré contrairement à celui des cavaliers du groupe témoin. Les douleurs ont diminué au repos, lors des tâches à pied et pendant l’activité à cheval.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The main objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a stretching and strengthening program of the anterior and posterior trunk muscles in future professional riders.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In total, 20 future professional riders were divided into 2 groups. One of the two groups received a 10-week program of strengthening and stretching of the trunk muscles. Their movements on the horse were evaluated during a training session before and after the cycle, as well as their perception of low back pain.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At the end of the 10-week program, movements of the riders in the group who have participated in the program significantly improved, unlike that of the riders in the control group. Moreover, their pain decreased at rest, during walking tasks and during riding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.016
Ning Li , Tingran Zhang , Chansol Hurr
Background
Recently, many studies have confirmed the effects of different forms of aerobic exercise on the withdrawal syndrome of people with drug use disorders, but few studies report the health promotion benefits of high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise on people with methamphetamine use disorders.
Methods
In a randomized controlled trial, 54 MA dependencies were randomly assigned to the control group and aerobic exercise group. The aerobic exercise group received high-intensity intermittent aerobic calisthenics intervention (75% to 85% HRmax) 40 min/time three times a week, while the control group only performed routine forced withdrawal life. The blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), and respiratory function of people with methamphetamine use disorder were tested at baseline, 8th week, and 12th week.
Results
1) Throughout the intervention process, the exercise group's SBP and DBP were not significantly different from those of the control group, but in the 12th week, the exercise group's SBP and DBP were significantly lower than the values at the 8th week. 2) The exercise group's SDNN and RMSSD were significantly higher than those of the control group at the 8th week and the 12th week, and the exercise group's SDNN and RMSSD at the 8th week were significantly higher than their respective baseline levels. 3) The exercise group's LFn continued to decline during the intervention and was significantly lower than the control group at the 12th week, while the HFn continued to rise during the intervention and was significantly higher than the control group at the 12th week. 4) After exercise intervention, the exercise group's VO2max, VO2/HRpeak, and AT were significantly higher than those of the control group, but there was no significant difference between maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), and the control group.
Conclusions
A 12-week high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise could effectively improve the physical function of people with methamphetamine use disorder and has strong health promotion benefits.
Contexte
Récemment, de nombreuses études ont confirmé les effets de différentes formes d’exercices aérobiques sur le syndrome de sevrage des personnes souffrant de troubles liés à la consommation de drogues, mais peu d’études font état des avantages en termes de promotion de la santé des exercices aérobiques intermittents de haute intensité sur les personnes souffrant de troubles liés à la consommation de méthamphétamine.
Méthodes
Dans le cadre d’un essai contrôlé randomisé, 54 personnes dépendantes de la méthamphétamine ont été réparties au hasard entre un groupe de contrôle et un groupe d’exercices aérobiques. Le groupe d’exercices aérobiques a bénéficié d’une intervention aérobique intermittente de haute intensité (75 %
{"title":"Effect of high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise on blood pressure, heart rate variability, and respiratory function in people with methamphetamine use disorder","authors":"Ning Li , Tingran Zhang , Chansol Hurr","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recently, many studies have confirmed the effects of different forms of aerobic exercise on the withdrawal syndrome of people with drug use disorders, but few studies report the health promotion benefits of high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise on people with methamphetamine use disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a randomized controlled trial, 54 MA dependencies were randomly assigned to the control group and aerobic exercise group. The aerobic exercise group received high-intensity intermittent aerobic calisthenics intervention (75% to 85% HR<sub>max</sub>) 40<!--> <!-->min/time three times a week, while the control group only performed routine forced withdrawal life. The blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), and respiratory function of people with methamphetamine use disorder were tested at baseline, 8th week, and 12th week.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>1) Throughout the intervention process, the exercise group's SBP and DBP were not significantly different from those of the control group, but in the 12th week, the exercise group's SBP and DBP were significantly lower than the values at the 8th week. 2) The exercise group's SDNN and RMSSD were significantly higher than those of the control group at the 8th week and the 12th week, and the exercise group's SDNN and RMSSD at the 8th week were significantly higher than their respective baseline levels. 3) The exercise group's LFn continued to decline during the intervention and was significantly lower than the control group at the 12th week, while the HFn continued to rise during the intervention and was significantly higher than the control group at the 12th week. 4) After exercise intervention, the exercise group's VO<sub>2max</sub>, VO<sub>2/</sub>HR<sub>peak</sub><span>, and AT were significantly higher than those of the control group, but there was no significant difference between maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), and the control group.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A 12-week high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise could effectively improve the physical function of people with methamphetamine use disorder and has strong health promotion benefits.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>Récemment, de nombreuses études ont confirmé les effets de différentes formes d’exercices aérobiques sur le syndrome de sevrage des personnes souffrant de troubles liés à la consommation de drogues, mais peu d’études font état des avantages en termes de promotion de la santé des exercices aérobiques intermittents de haute intensité sur les personnes souffrant de troubles liés à la consommation de méthamphétamine.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Dans le cadre d’un essai contrôlé randomisé, 54 personnes dépendantes de la méthamphétamine ont été réparties au hasard entre un groupe de contrôle et un groupe d’exercices aérobiques. Le groupe d’exercices aérobiques a bénéficié d’une intervention aérobique intermittente de haute intensité (75 %","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135519215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.05.008
C. Sandoval , F. Villagrán , B. Recabarren , M. Schulz , V. Souza-Mello
Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dietary supplements to potentiate lean mass gain in hypertrophy during resistance training.
Methods
A systematic review of primary quantitative data was performed to identify the relationship between the consumption of dietary supplements, lean mass gain, hypertrophy, and resistance training in humans with a body mass index between 18 and 30 kg/m2 were realized. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO.
Results
Dietary supplementation with rice protein, Whey Protein, Graded Whey Protein, or beta-Hydroxy-beta-Methyl-Butyrate Free-Acid, along with resistance training seemed to increase lean body mass and body mass. In addition, a higher upper- and lower-body muscle strength were also found with resistance training and supplementation, while a decreased fat mass has been found after resistance training.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that supplementation could be effective in resistance-trained subjects with a body mass index between 20 and 30 kg/m2 to improve body composition, potentiate lean body mass, muscle strength, and decrease total fat mass and percent of fat mass during resistance training.
Objectif
Le but de cette étude était de déterminer l’efficacité des compléments alimentaires pour potentialiser le gain de masse maigre en hypertrophie pendant l’entraînement en résistance.
Méthodes
Une revue systématique des données quantitatives primaires a été réalisée pour identifier la relation entre la consommation de compléments alimentaires, le gain de masse maigre, l’hypertrophie et l’entraînement en résistance chez les humains ayant un indice de masse corporelle entre 18 et 30 kg/m2 ont été réalisés. Le protocole a été enregistré sur PROSPERO.
Résultats
Une supplémentation alimentaire en protéines de riz, en protéines de lactosérum, en protéines de lactosérum ou en bêta-hydroxy-bêta méthylbutyrate sous forme d’acide libre, associée à un entraînement en résistance, semble augmenter la masse maigre et la masse corporelle. En outre, une force musculaire plus élevée dans le haut et le bas du corps a été constatée avec l’entraînement en résistance et la supplémentation, tandis qu’une diminution de la masse de graisses a été trouvée après l’entraînement musculaire.
Conclusion
Nos résultats suggèrent que la supplémentation pourrait être efficace chez les sujets entraînés en résistance présentant un indice de masse corporelle entre 20 et 30 kg/m2 pour améliorer la composition corporelle, potentialiser la masse maigre, la force musculaire, et diminuer la masse grasse totale et le pourcentage de masse grasse pendant l’entraînement en résistance.
{"title":"Effectiveness of supplementation to potentiate lean mass gain during resistance training: A systematic review","authors":"C. Sandoval , F. Villagrán , B. Recabarren , M. Schulz , V. Souza-Mello","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dietary supplements to potentiate lean mass gain in hypertrophy during resistance training.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A systematic review<span> of primary quantitative data was performed to identify the relationship between the consumption of dietary supplements, lean mass gain, hypertrophy, and resistance training in humans with a body mass index between 18 and 30</span></span> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> were realized. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Dietary supplementation<span> with rice protein, Whey Protein<span>, Graded Whey Protein, or beta-Hydroxy-beta-Methyl-Butyrate Free-Acid, along with resistance training seemed to increase lean body mass and body mass. In addition, a higher upper- and lower-body muscle strength were also found with resistance training and supplementation, while a decreased fat mass has been found after resistance training.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results suggest that supplementation could be effective in resistance-trained subjects with a body mass index between 20 and 30<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> to improve body composition, potentiate lean body mass, muscle strength, and decrease total fat mass and percent of fat mass during resistance training.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>Le but de cette étude était de déterminer l’efficacité des compléments alimentaires pour potentialiser le gain de masse maigre en hypertrophie pendant l’entraînement en résistance.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Une revue systématique des données quantitatives primaires a été réalisée pour identifier la relation entre la consommation de compléments alimentaires, le gain de masse maigre, l’hypertrophie et l’entraînement en résistance chez les humains ayant un indice de masse corporelle entre 18 et 30<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> ont été réalisés. Le protocole a été enregistré sur PROSPERO.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Une supplémentation alimentaire en protéines de riz, en protéines de lactosérum, en protéines de lactosérum ou en bêta-hydroxy-bêta méthylbutyrate sous forme d’acide libre, associée à un entraînement en résistance, semble augmenter la masse maigre et la masse corporelle. En outre, une force musculaire plus élevée dans le haut et le bas du corps a été constatée avec l’entraînement en résistance et la supplémentation, tandis qu’une diminution de la masse de graisses a été trouvée après l’entraînement musculaire.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nos résultats suggèrent que la supplémentation pourrait être efficace chez les sujets entraînés en résistance présentant un indice de masse corporelle entre 20 et 30<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> pour améliorer la composition corporelle, potentialiser la masse maigre, la force musculaire, et diminuer la masse grasse totale et le pourcentage de masse grasse pendant l’entraînement en résistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117227625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.03.015
Z.-J. Wu , C. Han , Z.-Y. Wang , F.-H. Li
Background
Improved physical fitness is important for preventing COVID-19-related mortality. So, combined training can effectively increase peak oxygen consumption, physical fitness, body composition, blood pressure, and the healthrelated characteristics of adults; however, its impact in the elderly remains unclear.
Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of combined training on older adults. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science) were searched (until April 2021) for randomized trials comparing the effect of combined training on cardiorespiratory fitness, physical fitness, body composition, blood pressure, and cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults.
Results
Combined training significantly improved peak oxygen consumption compared to no exercise (WMD = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.83 to 3.37). Combined resistance and aerobic training induced favorable changes in physical fitness (timed up-and-go = −1.06, 30-s chair stand = 3.85, sit and reach = 4.43, 6-minute walking test = 39.22, arm curl = 4.60, grip strength = 3.65, 10-m walk = −0.47, maximum walking speed = 0.15, one-leg balance = 2.71), body composition (fat mass = −2.91, body fat% = −2.31, body mass index = −0.87, waist circumference = −2.91), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure = −8.11, diastolic blood pressure = −4.55), and cardiometabolic risk factors (glucose = −0.53, HOMA-IR = −0.14, high-density lipoprotein = 2.32, total cholesterol = −5.32) in older individuals. Finally, the optimal exercise prescription was ≥ 30 min/session × 50–80% VO2peak, ≥ 3 times/week for ≥ 12 weeks and resistance intensity 70–75% one-repetition maximum, 8–12 repetitions × 3 sets.
Conclusions
Combined training improved VO2peak and some cardiometabolic risk factors in older populations. The dose–effect relationship varied between different parameters. Exercise prescriptions must be formulated considering individual needs during exercise.
Contexte
L’amélioration de la condition physique est importante pour prévenir la mortalité liée au COVID-19. Ainsi, l’entraînement combiné peut augmenter efficacement la consommation maximale d’oxygène, la forme physique, la composition corporelle, la tension artérielle et les caractéristiques liées à la santé des adultes; cependant, son impact chez les personnes âgées reste incertain.
{"title":"Combined training prescriptions for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, physical fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials","authors":"Z.-J. Wu , C. Han , Z.-Y. Wang , F.-H. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Improved physical fitness is important for preventing COVID-19-related mortality. So, combined training can effectively increase peak oxygen consumption, physical fitness, body composition, blood pressure, and the healthrelated characteristics of adults; however, its impact in the elderly remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of combined training on older adults. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science) were searched (until April 2021) for randomized trials comparing the effect of combined training on cardiorespiratory fitness, physical fitness, body composition, blood pressure, and cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Combined training significantly improved peak oxygen consumption compared to no exercise (WMD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3.10, 95% CI: 2.83 to 3.37). Combined resistance and aerobic training induced favorable changes in physical fitness (timed up-and-go<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−1.06, 30-s chair stand<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3.85, sit and reach<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4.43, 6-minute walking test<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->39.22, arm curl<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4.60, grip strength<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3.65, 10-m walk<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.47, maximum walking speed<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.15, one-leg balance<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.71), body composition (fat mass<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−2.91, body fat%<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−2.31, body mass index<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.87, waist circumference<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−2.91), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−8.11, diastolic blood pressure<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−4.55), and cardiometabolic risk factors (glucose<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.53, HOMA-IR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.14, high-density lipoprotein<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.32, total cholesterol<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−5.32) in older individuals. Finally, the optimal exercise prescription was<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->30<!--> <!-->min/session<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->50–80% VO2peak,<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->3 times/week for<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->12<!--> <!-->weeks and resistance intensity 70–75% one-repetition maximum, 8–12 repetitions<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->3 sets.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Combined training improved VO2peak and some cardiometabolic risk factors in older populations. The dose–effect relationship varied between different parameters. Exercise prescriptions must be formulated considering individual needs during exercise.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>L’amélioration de la condition physique est importante pour prévenir la mortalité liée au COVID-19. Ainsi, l’entraînement combiné peut augmenter efficacement la consommation maximale d’oxygène, la forme physique, la composition corporelle, la tension artérielle et les caractéristiques liées à la santé des adultes; cependant, son impact chez les personnes âgées reste incertain.</p","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9937425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.008
G. Lozano-Berges , P. Pantoja , A. Moradell , A. Matute-Llorente , A. Gomez-Bruton
Objectives
Although the positive effects of caffeine supplementation on individual and team-sports have been widely described, the literature evaluating the effect of caffeine supplementation on athletic performance in ice hockey players is almost non-existent. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of acute caffeine ingestion (3 mg/kg body mass).
Equipment and methods
Thirteen elite adult ice hockey male players participated in this double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, placebo-controlled crossover trial. A 35-m sprint, an agility test (Weave agility-slalom with puck), and a reaction test were performed twice in two separate days. On both occasions players ingested 330 ml of water with lemon isotonic drink (86 kcal/19 g of carbohydrates). On one of the days the drink included 3 mg/kg body mass of anhydrous caffeine. The randomization was performed by a researcher who was not involved in the register of main outcomes.
Results
No differences were found between the placebo and the caffeine condition for the 35-m sprint (4.223 vs. 4.188 s respectively, P = 0.516), Weave agility test (22.492 vs. 22.341 s respectively, P = 0.534) and reaction test (4.869 vs. 4.837 s respectively, P = 0.570). When analyzing individual results, three players showed improvements in the 35-m sprint while two showed decreases in performance after ingesting caffeine. Caffeine consumption did not improve athletic performance in ice hockey players.
Trial registration
Clinicaltrial.gov (NCT05170139).
Objectifs
Bien que les effets positifs de la supplémentation en caféine sur les sports individuels et collectifs aient été largement étudiés, la littérature évaluant l’effet de la supplémentation en caféine sur les performances sportives de joueurs de hockey sur glace est pratiquement inexistante. Par conséquent, l’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer l’effet de l’ingestion aiguë de caféine (3 mg/kg de masse corporelle).
Matériel et méthodes
Treize joueurs de hockey sur glace masculins, de niveau élite, ont participé à cette étude, croisée en double aveugle, randomisée, contrebalancée et contrôlée par placebo. Ont été effectués un sprint de 35 m, un test d’agilité (Weave agility-slalom avec un disque) et un test de réaction, sur deux jours différents. Dans les deux cas, les joueurs ont ingéré 330 ml d’eau avec une boisson isotonique (86 kcal/19 g de glucides). Au cours de l’une des deux sessions, la boisson comprenait 3 mg/kg de masse corporelle de caféine anhydre. La randomisation a été effectuée par un chercheur qui n’était pas impliqué dans le recueil des principales variables.
{"title":"Does caffeine supplementation improve physical performance of elite ice hockey players? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, cross-over trial","authors":"G. Lozano-Berges , P. Pantoja , A. Moradell , A. Matute-Llorente , A. Gomez-Bruton","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Although the positive effects of caffeine supplementation on individual and team-sports have been widely described, the literature evaluating the effect of caffeine supplementation on athletic performance in ice hockey players is almost non-existent. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of acute caffeine ingestion (3<!--> <!-->mg/kg body mass).</p></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><p>Thirteen elite adult ice hockey male players participated in this double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, placebo-controlled crossover trial. A 35-m sprint, an agility test (Weave agility-slalom with puck), and a reaction test were performed twice in two separate days. On both occasions players ingested 330<!--> <!-->ml of water with lemon isotonic drink (86<!--> <!-->kcal/19<!--> <!-->g of carbohydrates). On one of the days the drink included 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg body mass of anhydrous caffeine. The randomization was performed by a researcher who was not involved in the register of main outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>No differences were found between the placebo and the caffeine condition for the 35-m sprint (4.223 vs. 4.188<!--> <!-->s respectively, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.516), Weave agility test (22.492 vs. 22.341<!--> <!-->s respectively, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.534) and reaction test (4.869 vs. 4.837<!--> <!-->s respectively, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.570). When analyzing individual results, three players showed improvements in the 35-m sprint while two showed decreases in performance after ingesting caffeine. Caffeine consumption did not improve athletic performance in ice hockey players.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>Clinicaltrial.gov (NCT05170139).</p></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>Bien que les effets positifs de la supplémentation en caféine sur les sports individuels et collectifs aient été largement étudiés, la littérature évaluant l’effet de la supplémentation en caféine sur les performances sportives de joueurs de hockey sur glace est pratiquement inexistante. Par conséquent, l’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer l’effet de l’ingestion aiguë de caféine (3<!--> <!-->mg/kg de masse corporelle).</p></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><p>Treize joueurs de hockey sur glace masculins, de niveau élite, ont participé à cette étude, croisée en double aveugle, randomisée, contrebalancée et contrôlée par placebo. Ont été effectués un sprint de 35<!--> <!-->m, un test d’agilité (Weave agility-slalom avec un disque) et un test de réaction, sur deux jours différents. Dans les deux cas, les joueurs ont ingéré 330<!--> <!-->ml d’eau avec une boisson isotonique (86<!--> <!-->kcal/19<!--> <!-->g de glucides). Au cours de l’une des deux sessions, la boisson comprenait 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg de masse corporelle de caféine anhydre. La randomisation a été effectuée par un chercheur qui n’était pas impliqué dans le recueil des principales variables.</p></div><div><h3>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0765159723002642/pdfft?md5=8345868204901c74c786574e5189ba1c&pid=1-s2.0-S0765159723002642-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To analyze the long-term adherence to High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT).
Equipment and methods
Only information about registration date, last payment, age and sex of 405 participants (women = 224; men = 111; M age = 30.2, SD = 8.1 years), between January 2017 and March 2019 were available to us. We analyzed the overall adherence probability curve by the Kaplan-Meier method, and we compared participants of varied gender and age using Mantel-Cox Log-Rank.
Results
With adherence defined in this fashion, the participants’ median adherence time to the HIFT facility was three months (95% CI = 2.60–3.40). The adherence probabilities for individuals to stay in the HIFT facility for more than three, six, and 12 months were 0.43, 0.28, and 0.13, respectively. There was no difference in adherence probability between males and females (χ2(1) = 2.026; P = 0.155) or between older and younger age groups (χ2(1) = 0.430; P = 0.512). Adherence to HIFT decreased drastically in the first months, and long-term term adherence was low.
{"title":"Long-term adherence to high-intensity functional training: An exploratory analysis in a “real-world” setting","authors":"H. Faro , J.C.V. Machado Neto , P.M.D. Agrícola , A.I. Fonteles , H.M. Elsangedy , D.G.S. Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze the long-term adherence to High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT).</p></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><p>Only information about registration date, last payment, age and sex of 405 participants (women<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->224; men<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->111; M age<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30.2, SD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8.1 years), between January 2017 and March 2019 were available to us. We analyzed the overall adherence probability curve by the Kaplan-Meier method, and we compared participants of varied gender and age using Mantel-Cox Log-Rank.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>With adherence defined in this fashion, the participants’ median adherence time to the HIFT facility was three months (95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.60–3.40). The adherence probabilities for individuals to stay in the HIFT facility for more than three, six, and 12 months were 0.43, 0.28, and 0.13, respectively. There was no difference in adherence probability between males and females (χ<sup>2</sup><sub>(1)</sub> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.026; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.155) or between older and younger age groups (χ<sup>2</sup><sub>(1)</sub> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.430; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.512). Adherence to HIFT decreased drastically in the first months, and long-term term adherence was low.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121315439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.006
B.B. Vasconcelos , J.B. Guedes , F.B. Del Vecchio
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, magnitude, and methods of Rapid Weight Loss (RWL) in national level Wushu Sanda athletes.
Equipments and methods
Seventy-one national-level athletes (51 males and 20 females; 22.5 ± 6.96 y/o; 65.1 ± 14.2 kg; 169.7 ± 9.04 cm) completed the previously validated RWL questionnaire, which evaluates RWL characteristics providing a score. The higher the score, the more aggressive the RWL behaviors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. Mean values were compared by gender with t-Student's test for equal or unequal variances when variables presented parametric distribution, or Wilcoxon's test when variables presented non-parametric distribution.
Results
In total, 90.10% of the athletes stated that they already used any method of RWL. Most of the athletes (37.90%) usually lose from 5 to 9.9% of their body mass in an average period of fewer than 20 days for competing. The most commonly used RWL methods are increasing exercise, fluid restriction, and regular dieting without a dietitian. The most influential people on athletes’ weight management are physical trainers and former athletes. Concluding, the RWL prevalence in Wushu Sanda is high, even with the efforts of the International Wushu Federation to discourage this practice.
Objectifs
Cette étude visait à enquêter sur la prévalence, l’ampleur et les méthodes de perte rapide de poids (RWL) chez les athlètes Wushu Sanda au niveau national.
Équipements et méthodes
Soixante et onze athlètes de niveau national (51 hommes et 20 femmes; 22,5 ± 6,96 ans; 65,1 ± 14,2 kg; 169,7 ± 9,04 cm) ont rempli le questionnaire RWL précédemment validé, qui évalue les caractéristiques de la RWL en fournissant un score. Plus le score est élevé, plus les comportements RWL sont agressifs. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de statistiques descriptives et d’une analyse de fréquence. Les valeurs moyennes ont été comparées par sexe avec le test de T-Student pour les variances égales ou inégales lorsque les variables présentaient une distribution paramétrique, ou le test de Wilcoxon lorsque les variables présentaient une distribution non paramétrique.
Résultats
Au total, 90,10% des athlètes ont déclaré qu’ils utilisaient déjà n’importe quelle méthode de RWL. La plupart des athlètes (37,90%) perdent généralement de 5 à 9,9% de leur masse corporelle en une période moyenne de moins de 20 jours pour la compétition. Les méthodes RWL les plus couramment utilisées sont l’augmentation de l’exercice, la restriction hydrique et un régime régulier sans l’avis d’un diététicien. Les personnes les plus influentes sur la gestion
{"title":"Prevalence, magnitude, and methods of rapid weight loss in national level Wushu Sanda athletes","authors":"B.B. Vasconcelos , J.B. Guedes , F.B. Del Vecchio","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, magnitude, and methods of Rapid Weight Loss (RWL) in national level Wushu Sanda athletes.</p></div><div><h3>Equipments and methods</h3><p>Seventy-one national-level athletes (51 males and 20 females; 22.5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->6.96 y/o; 65.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14.2<!--> <!-->kg; 169.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->9.04<!--> <!-->cm) completed the previously validated RWL questionnaire, which evaluates RWL characteristics providing a score. The higher the score, the more aggressive the RWL behaviors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. Mean values were compared by gender with <em>t</em>-Student's test for equal or unequal variances when variables presented parametric distribution, or Wilcoxon's test when variables presented non-parametric distribution.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 90.10% of the athletes stated that they already used any method of RWL. Most of the athletes (37.90%) usually lose from 5 to 9.9% of their body mass in an average period of fewer than 20 days for competing. The most commonly used RWL methods are increasing exercise, fluid restriction, and regular dieting without a dietitian. The most influential people on athletes’ weight management are physical trainers and former athletes. Concluding, the RWL prevalence in Wushu Sanda is high, even with the efforts of the International Wushu Federation to discourage this practice.</p></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>Cette étude visait à enquêter sur la prévalence, l’ampleur et les méthodes de perte rapide de poids (RWL) chez les athlètes Wushu Sanda au niveau national.</p></div><div><h3>Équipements et méthodes</h3><p>Soixante et onze athlètes de niveau national (51 hommes et 20 femmes; 22,5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->6,96<!--> <!-->ans; 65,1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14,2<!--> <!-->kg; 169,7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->9,04<!--> <!-->cm) ont rempli le questionnaire RWL précédemment validé, qui évalue les caractéristiques de la RWL en fournissant un score. Plus le score est élevé, plus les comportements RWL sont agressifs. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de statistiques descriptives et d’une analyse de fréquence. Les valeurs moyennes ont été comparées par sexe avec le test de T-Student pour les variances égales ou inégales lorsque les variables présentaient une distribution paramétrique, ou le test de Wilcoxon lorsque les variables présentaient une distribution non paramétrique.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Au total, 90,10% des athlètes ont déclaré qu’ils utilisaient déjà n’importe quelle méthode de RWL. La plupart des athlètes (37,90%) perdent généralement de 5 à 9,9% de leur masse corporelle en une période moyenne de moins de 20<!--> <span>jours pour la compétition. Les méthodes RWL les plus couramment utilisées sont l’augmentation de l’exercice, la restriction hydrique et un régime régulier sans l’avis d’un diététicien. Les personnes les plus influentes sur la gestion ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123868958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.006
A. Serra, L. Carvalho, G. Truffi, R. Sander, V. Concon, R. Barroso
Background
The objective of this study was to test if resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy leads to greater strength gains.
Methods
Nine untrained men had their upper limbs randomly divided into two conditions: hypertrophy + strength (HST) and strength (ST) training. Participants trained twice a week for 10 weeks. HST-arm performed a hypertrophy-oriented training protocol for 6 weeks and then a 4-week strength-oriented training; while ST-arm did not train during the initial 6 weeks and performed the 4-week strength-oriented training. Hypertrophy-oriented training consisted in 3 sets at 40% of 1RM until failure in the unilateral pull-down exercise, and strength-oriented training consisted of 3 sets of five 5-s maximal elbow flexion isometric contraction. Muscle thickness, 1RM and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were assessed before (pre), after 6 weeks (mid) and at the end of the 10-week (post) training period.
Results
Muscle thickness and 1RM did not change in both arms (P > 0.05). However, HST was the only condition that elicited a change in MVIC (P = 0.03). Although no changes in muscle size was observed, only the group that performed the hypertrophy-oriented training increased strength during the strength-oriented period.
Conclusions
Although we did not find differences in strength increase between the experimental conditions, we speculate that it may be interesting to include a period of hypertrophy-oriented training before strength-oriented training, as we have reported increased strength in this condition.
Contexte
L’objectif de cette étude était de tester si l’hypertrophie musculaire induite par l’entraînement en résistance entraîne des gains de force plus importants.
Méthodes
Neuf hommes non entraînés ont eu leurs membres supérieurs divisés au hasard en deux conditions: hypertrophie + entraînement en force (HST) et en force (ST). Les participants se sont entraînés deux fois par semaine pendant 10 semaines. Le bras HST a effectué un protocole d’entraînement axé sur l’hypertrophie pendant 6 semaines, puis un entraînement axé sur la force de 4 semaines; tandis que le bras ST ne s’est pas entraîné pendant les 6 premières semaines et a effectué l’entraînement axé sur la force de 4 semaines. L’entraînement axé sur l’hypertrophie consistait en 3 séries à 40 % de 1RM jusqu’à l’échec de l’exercice de traction unilatérale, et l’entraînement axé sur la force consistait en 3 séries de cinq contractions isométriques de flexion maximale du coude de 5s. L’épaisseur musculaire, 1RM et la contraction isométrique volontaire maximale (MVIC) ont été évaluées avant (pré), après 6 semaines (milieu) et à la fin de la période d’entraînement de 10 semaines (post).
{"title":"Does resistance training-induced muscle growth contribute to strength gain?","authors":"A. Serra, L. Carvalho, G. Truffi, R. Sander, V. Concon, R. Barroso","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The objective of this study was to test if resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy leads to greater strength gains.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nine untrained men had their upper limbs randomly divided into two conditions: hypertrophy<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->strength (HST) and strength (ST) training. Participants trained twice a week for 10 weeks. HST-arm performed a hypertrophy-oriented training protocol for 6 weeks and then a 4-week strength-oriented training; while ST-arm did not train during the initial 6 weeks and performed the 4-week strength-oriented training. Hypertrophy-oriented training consisted in 3 sets at 40% of 1RM until failure in the unilateral pull-down exercise, and strength-oriented training consisted of 3 sets of five 5-s maximal elbow flexion isometric contraction. Muscle thickness, 1RM and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were assessed before (pre), after 6 weeks (mid) and at the end of the 10-week (post) training period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Muscle thickness and 1RM did not change in both arms (<em>P</em> <!-->><!--> <span>0.05). However, HST was the only condition that elicited a change in MVIC (</span><em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03). Although no changes in muscle size was observed, only the group that performed the hypertrophy-oriented training increased strength during the strength-oriented period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although we did not find differences in strength increase between the experimental conditions, we speculate that it may be interesting to include a period of hypertrophy-oriented training before strength-oriented training, as we have reported increased strength in this condition.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>L’objectif de cette étude était de tester si l’hypertrophie musculaire induite par l’entraînement en résistance entraîne des gains de force plus importants.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Neuf hommes non entraînés ont eu leurs membres supérieurs divisés au hasard en deux conditions: hypertrophie<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->entraînement en force (HST) et en force (ST). Les participants se sont entraînés deux fois par semaine pendant 10 semaines. Le bras HST a effectué un protocole d’entraînement axé sur l’hypertrophie pendant 6 semaines, puis un entraînement axé sur la force de 4 semaines; tandis que le bras ST ne s’est pas entraîné pendant les 6 premières semaines et a effectué l’entraînement axé sur la force de 4 semaines. L’entraînement axé sur l’hypertrophie consistait en 3 séries à 40 % de 1RM jusqu’à l’échec de l’exercice de traction unilatérale, et l’entraînement axé sur la force consistait en 3 séries de cinq contractions isométriques de flexion maximale du coude de 5s. L’épaisseur musculaire, 1RM et la contraction isométrique volontaire maximale (MVIC) ont été évaluées avant (pré), après 6 semaines (milieu) et à la fin de la période d’entraînement de 10 semaines (post).</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>L’ép","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49752629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.008
Manoel Miranda Neto , Raquel S.B. da Silva , Alexandre S. Silva
Objectives
Perform a systematic review of the literature and present the results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) pointing out under which conditions and forms of administration menthol is really capable of improving performance in endurance exercise.
News
Thirteen studies met the eligibility criteria. The sample size ranged from 6 to 12 athletes and the studies were evaluated between 5 and 9 on the PEDro scale. Six studies evaluated menthol mouth rinse, of which three demonstrated an increase in time to exhaustion between 6% and 9% and two demonstrated a decrease in time trial (2.7% and 3.5%). Five studies evaluated the topical application but without modification of physical performance variables. Two studies assessed the oral intake, of which in one of them there was a decrease in the time trial between 5.2% and 8.2%.
Prospects and projects
Current data point to a good perspective on the determination of menthol as an ergogenic resource, provided that further studies form a body of evidence on each of the forms of administration.
Conclusion
The available evidence suggests that physical exercise practitioners who use menthol orally seem to be able to promoter sport advantage, but these results need to be weighed due to the evidence level is considered to be of low quality due to small sample size, heterogeneous supplementation and exercise protocols and low volume of studies.
Objectifs
Effectuer une revue systématique de la littérature et présenter les résultats d’essais cliniques randomisés (ECR) soulignant dans quelles conditions et formes d’administration le menthol est réellement capable d’améliorer les performances à l’effort d’endurance.
Actualités
Treize études remplissaient les critères d’éligibilité. La taille de l’échantillon variait de 6 à 12 athlètes et les études ont été évaluées entre 5 et 9 sur l’échelle PEDro. Six études ont évalué les bains de bouche au menthol, dont trois ont démontré une augmentation du temps jusqu’à l’épuisement entre 6 % et 9 % et deux ont démontré une diminution du contre-la-montre (2,7 % et 3,5 %). Cinq études ont évalué l’application topique mais sans modification des variables de performance physique. Deux études ont évalué l’apport oral, dont dans l’une d’elles il y avait une diminution du contre-la-montre entre 5,2 % et 8,2 %.
Perspectives et projets
Les données actuelles permettent d’avoir une bonne perspective sur la détermination du menthol comme ressource ergogénique, à condition que des études complémentaires constituent un corpus de preuves sur chacune des formes d’administration.
Conclusion
Les preuves disponibles suggèrent que les praticiens de l’exercice physique qui utilisent le menthol par voie orale semblent être en mesure de promouvoir l’avantage du sport, ma
{"title":"Influence of the administration form of menthol in physical performance in endurance exercise: A systematic review","authors":"Manoel Miranda Neto , Raquel S.B. da Silva , Alexandre S. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Perform a systematic review<span> of the literature and present the results of randomized clinical trials<span> (RCTs) pointing out under which conditions and forms of administration menthol is really capable of improving performance in endurance exercise.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>News</h3><p>Thirteen studies met the eligibility criteria. The sample size ranged from 6 to 12 athletes and the studies were evaluated between 5 and 9 on the PEDro scale. Six studies evaluated menthol mouth rinse<span>, of which three demonstrated an increase in time to exhaustion between 6% and 9% and two demonstrated a decrease in time trial (2.7% and 3.5%). Five studies evaluated the topical application but without modification of physical performance variables. Two studies assessed the oral intake, of which in one of them there was a decrease in the time trial between 5.2% and 8.2%.</span></p></div><div><h3>Prospects and projects</h3><p>Current data point to a good perspective on the determination of menthol as an ergogenic resource, provided that further studies form a body of evidence on each of the forms of administration.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The available evidence suggests that physical exercise practitioners who use menthol orally seem to be able to promoter sport advantage, but these results need to be weighed due to the evidence level is considered to be of low quality due to small sample size, heterogeneous supplementation and exercise protocols and low volume of studies.</p></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>Effectuer une revue systématique de la littérature et présenter les résultats d’essais cliniques randomisés (ECR) soulignant dans quelles conditions et formes d’administration le menthol est réellement capable d’améliorer les performances à l’effort d’endurance.</p></div><div><h3>Actualités</h3><p>Treize études remplissaient les critères d’éligibilité. La taille de l’échantillon variait de 6 à 12 athlètes et les études ont été évaluées entre 5 et 9 sur l’échelle PEDro. Six études ont évalué les bains de bouche au menthol, dont trois ont démontré une augmentation du temps jusqu’à l’épuisement entre 6 % et 9 % et deux ont démontré une diminution du contre-la-montre (2,7 % et 3,5 %). Cinq études ont évalué l’application topique mais sans modification des variables de performance physique. Deux études ont évalué l’apport oral, dont dans l’une d’elles il y avait une diminution du contre-la-montre entre 5,2 % et 8,2 %.</p></div><div><h3>Perspectives et projets</h3><p>Les données actuelles permettent d’avoir une bonne perspective sur la détermination du menthol comme ressource ergogénique, à condition que des études complémentaires constituent un corpus de preuves sur chacune des formes d’administration.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Les preuves disponibles suggèrent que les praticiens de l’exercice physique qui utilisent le menthol par voie orale semblent être en mesure de promouvoir l’avantage du sport, ma","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49752930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.05.005
J.A. Araújo , F.I. Novelli , G. Arsa , L.T. Cambri
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate whether obesity impairs cardiac autonomic modulation after maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).
Methods
Thirty-six men (aged 18 to 30 years) were divided into two groups: normal-weight (n = 20, 21.31 ± 1.57 kg m−2) and obese (n = 16, 34.12 ± 2.46 kg m−2). Heart rate variability (HRV) indices - RMSSD (root mean square of successive RRi differences), SDNN (standard deviation of normal-to-normal RRi), high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio were evaluated at baseline and during 90 min of recovery after a maximal CPET.
Results
There were no differences (P > 0.05) between groups in short-term nor in long-term recovery for heart rate (HR) and HRV indices. Regardless of the group (main effect of time, P < 0.001, Pr = 1.00), the HR remained higher up to 60 min of recovery, and the lnRMSSD and lnSDNN remained lower up to 45 and 30 min of recovery post-exercise in relation to baseline, respectively. Both lnLF, and LF/HF ratio, remained higher up to 45 min of recovery in relation to baseline, and lnHF, did not return to baseline until 90 min post-exercise (main effect of time, P < 0.001, Pr = 0.94 to 1.00).
Conclusion
In young men, time-course of cardiac autonomic recovery post-exercise was not affected through obesity condition. This information can enable the use of non-pharmacological strategies (i. e., physical exercise or a healthy eating lifestyle) for body fat reduction and the early prevention of cardiac autonomic dysfunction, and consequent decreasing in cardiovascular risks.
Objectif
Cette étude visait à évaluer si l’obésité altère la modulation autonome cardiaque après le test d’effort cardiopulmonaire maximal (CPET).
Méthodes
Trente-six hommes (âgés de 18 à 30 ans) ont été répartis en deux groupes: de poids normal (n = 20, 21,31 ± 1,57 kg m-2) et obèses (n = 16, 34,12 ± 2,46 kg m-2). Indices de variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque (HRV)– RMSSD (moyenne quadratique des différences RRi successives), SDNN (écart type de RRi normal à normal), haute fréquence (HF), basse fréquence (LF) et rapport LF/HF ont été évalués au départ et pendant 90 min de récupération après un CPET maximal.
Résultats
Il n’y avait aucune différence (p > 0,05) entre les groupes en termes de récupération à court terme et à long terme pour les indices de fréquence cardiaque (FC) et de VRC. Quel que soit le groupe (effet principal du temps,
目的本研究旨在评估肥胖是否影响最大心肺运动测试（CPET）后的心脏自主调节。方法-将6名男性（18至30岁）分为两组：正常体重（n=20、21.31±1.57 kg m-2）和肥胖（n=16、34.12±2.46 kg m-1）。心率变异性（HRV）指数-RMSSD（连续RRI差的均方根）、SDNN（正常至正常RRI的标准差）、高频（HF）、低频（LF）和低频/高频比在基线和最大CPET后90分钟恢复期间进行评估。结果显示，短期或长期恢复组与HRV指数之间没有差异（p＞0.05）。考虑到该组（时间的主要影响，p<；0.001，pr=1.00），HR分别在60分钟恢复时保持较高，LNRMSSD和LNSDNN在45分钟和30分钟运动后恢复时保持较低。LNLF和LF/HF比率在与基线相关的45分钟恢复时保持较高，而LNHF直到运动后90分钟才恢复到基线（时间的主要影响，p<；0.001，pr=0.94至1.00）。这些信息可以支持使用非药物策略（即体育锻炼或健康饮食生活方式）来减少体脂肪和早期预防心脏自主功能障碍，从而降低心血管风险。目的本研究旨在评估肥胖是否会损害心肺最大努力试验（CPET）后的心脏自主调节。方法研究-6名男性（18-30岁）被分为两组：正常体重（n=20，21.31±1.57 kg m-2）和肥胖（n=16，34.12±2.46 kg m-1）。心率变异指数（HRV）——在基线和最大CPET后90分钟的恢复期间，评估RMSSD（连续RRI差异的二次平均值）、SDNN（正常至正常RRI的标准差）、高频（HF）、低频（LF）和LF/HF比。结果：两组之间心率（CF）和VRC指数的短期和长期恢复无差异（p＞0.05）。无论组（主要时间效应，p＜0.001，PR=1.00），与基线相比，CF在60分钟恢复期内保持较高，而LNRMSSD和LNSDNN在45分钟和30分钟运动后恢复期分别保持较低。与基线相比，LNLF和LF/HF比率在45分钟内保持较高，并且LNHF仅在运动后90分钟恢复到基线（时间的主要影响，p<；0.001；PR=0.94至1.00）。这些信息可能允许使用非药物策略（即体育锻炼或健康生活方式）来减少体脂肪和早期预防自主心脏功能障碍，从而降低心血管风险。
{"title":"Obesity does not impair time-course of cardiac autonomic recovery post-exercise in young men","authors":"J.A. Araújo , F.I. Novelli , G. Arsa , L.T. Cambri","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate whether obesity impairs cardiac autonomic modulation after maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty-six men (aged 18 to 30 years) were divided into two groups: normal-weight (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->20, 21.31<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.57 kg m<sup>−2</sup>) and obese (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16, 34.12<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.46 kg m<sup>−2</sup>). Heart rate variability (HRV) indices - RMSSD (root mean square of successive RRi differences), SDNN (standard deviation of normal-to-normal RRi), high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio were evaluated at baseline and during 90<!--> <!-->min of recovery after a maximal CPET.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no differences (<em>P</em> <!-->><!--> <span>0.05) between groups in short-term nor in long-term recovery for heart rate (HR) and HRV indices. Regardless of the group (main effect of time, </span><em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001, Pr<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.00), the HR remained higher up to 60<!--> <!-->min of recovery, and the lnRMSSD and lnSDNN remained lower up to 45 and 30<!--> <!-->min of recovery post-exercise in relation to baseline, respectively. Both lnLF, and LF/HF ratio, remained higher up to 45<!--> <!-->min of recovery in relation to baseline, and lnHF, did not return to baseline until 90<!--> <!-->min post-exercise (main effect of time, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001, Pr<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.94 to 1.00).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In young men, time-course of cardiac autonomic recovery post-exercise was not affected through obesity condition. This information can enable the use of non-pharmacological strategies (i. e., physical exercise or a healthy eating lifestyle) for body fat reduction and the early prevention of cardiac autonomic dysfunction, and consequent decreasing in cardiovascular risks.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>Cette étude visait à évaluer si l’obésité altère la modulation autonome cardiaque après le test d’effort cardiopulmonaire maximal (CPET).</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Trente-six hommes (âgés de 18 à 30 ans) ont été répartis en deux groupes: de poids normal (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->20, 21,31<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1,57 kg m-2) et obèses (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16, 34,12<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2,46 kg m-2). Indices de variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque (HRV)– RMSSD (moyenne quadratique des différences RRi successives), SDNN (écart type de RRi normal à normal), haute fréquence (HF), basse fréquence (LF) et rapport LF/HF ont été évalués au départ et pendant 90<!--> <!-->min de récupération après un CPET maximal.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Il n’y avait aucune différence (<em>p</em> <!-->><!--> <!-->0,05) entre les groupes en termes de récupération à court terme et à long terme pour les indices de fréquence cardiaque (FC) et de VRC. Quel que soit le groupe (effet principal du temps, <e","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49753062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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