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A phase II clinical trial of toripalimab in advanced solid tumors with polymerase epsilon/polymerase delta (POLE/POLD1) mutation. 托利帕利单抗治疗聚合酶ε/聚合酶δ(POLE/POLD1)突变晚期实体瘤的II期临床试验。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01939-5
Ying Jin, Run-Jie Huang, Wen-Long Guan, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Zong-Jiong Mai, Yu-Hong Li, Jian Xiao, Xing Zhang, Qi Zhao, Shi-Fu Chen, Ming Liu, Yan-Xia Shi, Feng Wang, Rui-Hua Xu

Patients carrying mutations in polymerase epsilon/polymerase delta have shown positive responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Yet, prospective trials exploring the efficacy in those with polymerase epsilon/polymerase delta mutations are still lacking. A phase II clinical trial was initiated to evaluate the efficacy of toripalimab, a humanized IgG4K monoclonal antibody to human PD-1, in patients with advanced solid tumors with unselected polymerase epsilon/polymerase delta mutations but without microsatellite instability-high. A total of 15 patients were enrolled, 14 of whom were assessed for treatment efficacy. There was a 21.4% overall response rate, with a disease control rate of 57.1%. The median overall survival and median progression-free survival were 17.9 (95% CI 13.5-not reach) months and 2.5 (95% CI 1.4-not reach) months, respectively. For patients with exonuclease domain mutations, the objective response rate was 66.7% (2/3), with a disease control rate of 66.7% (2/3). For those with non-exonuclease domain mutations, the rates were 9.1% (1/11) and 54.5% (6/11), respectively. Notably, patients with PBRM1 gene mutations exhibited a high response rate to toripalimab at 75.0% (3/4). This study showed that neither the exonuclease domain mutations nor non-exonuclease domain mutations could fully predict the efficacy of immunotherapy, urging the need for more investigations to clarify potential immune sensitization differences within polymerase epsilon/polymerase delta mutation variants.

携带聚合酶epsilon/聚合酶δ突变的患者对免疫检查点抑制剂产生了积极的反应。然而,探索聚合酶epsilon/聚合酶δ突变患者疗效的前瞻性试验仍然缺乏。我们启动了一项II期临床试验,评估人PD-1人源化IgG4K单克隆抗体托瑞帕利单抗(toripalimab)对未选择聚合酶ε/聚合酶δ突变但无微卫星不稳定性高的晚期实体瘤患者的疗效。共有15名患者入组,其中14人接受了疗效评估。总体反应率为21.4%,疾病控制率为57.1%。中位总生存期和中位无进展生存期分别为17.9个月(95% CI 13.5个月,未达标)和2.5个月(95% CI 1.4个月,未达标)。外切酶结构域突变患者的客观反应率为66.7%(2/3),疾病控制率为66.7%(2/3)。而非外切酶结构域突变患者的客观反应率分别为9.1%(1/11)和54.5%(6/11)。值得注意的是,PBRM1 基因突变患者对托瑞帕单抗的反应率很高,达到 75.0%(3/4)。这项研究表明,无论是外切酶结构域突变还是非外切酶结构域突变,都不能完全预测免疫疗法的疗效,因此需要进行更多研究,以明确聚合酶epsilon/聚合酶delta突变变体之间潜在的免疫敏感性差异。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing RBD exposure and S1 shedding by an extremely conserved SARS-CoV-2 NTD epitope. 通过极其保守的 SARS-CoV-2 NTD 表位增强 RBD 暴露和 S1 脱落。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01940-y
Qianhui Zhu, Pan Liu, Shuo Liu, Can Yue, Xiangxi Wang
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引用次数: 0
Hyperuricemia and its related diseases: mechanisms and advances in therapy. 高尿酸血症及其相关疾病:治疗机制与进展。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01916-y
Lin Du, Yao Zong, Haorui Li, Qiyue Wang, Lei Xie, Bo Yang, Yidan Pang, Changqing Zhang, Zhigang Zhong, Junjie Gao

Hyperuricemia, characterized by elevated levels of serum uric acid (SUA), is linked to a spectrum of commodities such as gout, cardiovascular diseases, renal disorders, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, etc. Significantly impairing the quality of life for those affected, the prevalence of hyperuricemia is an upward trend globally, especially in most developed countries. UA possesses a multifaceted role, such as antioxidant, pro-oxidative, pro-inflammatory, nitric oxide modulating, anti-aging, and immune effects, which are significant in both physiological and pathological contexts. The equilibrium of circulating urate levels hinges on the interplay between production and excretion, a delicate balance orchestrated by urate transporter functions across various epithelial tissues and cell types. While existing research has identified hyperuricemia involvement in numerous biological processes and signaling pathways, the precise mechanisms connecting elevated UA levels to disease etiology remain to be fully elucidated. In addition, the influence of genetic susceptibilities and environmental determinants on hyperuricemia calls for a detailed and nuanced examination. This review compiles data from global epidemiological studies and clinical practices, exploring the physiological processes and the genetic foundations of urate transporters in depth. Furthermore, we uncover the complex mechanisms by which the UA induced inflammation influences metabolic processes in individuals with hyperuricemia and the association with its relative disease, offering a foundation for innovative therapeutic approaches and advanced pharmacological strategies.

高尿酸血症以血清尿酸(SUA)水平升高为特征,与痛风、心血管疾病、肾功能紊乱、代谢综合征和糖尿病等一系列疾病有关。高尿酸血症严重影响患者的生活质量,其发病率在全球呈上升趋势,尤其是在大多数发达国家。尿酸具有多方面的作用,如抗氧化、促氧化、促炎症、调节一氧化氮、抗衰老和免疫作用,这些作用在生理和病理情况下都非常重要。循环尿酸盐水平的平衡取决于尿酸盐生成和排泄之间的相互作用,而尿酸盐转运体的功能则在各种上皮组织和细胞类型中协调着这一微妙的平衡。虽然现有研究已发现高尿酸血症与许多生物过程和信号通路有关,但尿酸水平升高与疾病病因之间的确切机制仍有待全面阐明。此外,遗传易感性和环境决定因素对高尿酸血症的影响也需要细致入微的研究。本综述汇编了来自全球流行病学研究和临床实践的数据,深入探讨了尿酸盐转运体的生理过程和遗传基础。此外,我们还揭示了尿酸盐诱导的炎症影响高尿酸血症患者新陈代谢过程的复杂机制及其与相关疾病的关联,为创新治疗方法和先进药理策略奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting gastric cancer response to anti-HER2 therapy or anti-HER2 combined immunotherapy based on multi-modal data. 基于多模态数据预测胃癌对抗 HER2 治疗或抗 HER2 联合免疫疗法的反应。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01932-y
Zifan Chen, Yang Chen, Yu Sun, Lei Tang, Li Zhang, Yajie Hu, Meng He, Zhiwei Li, Siyuan Cheng, Jiajia Yuan, Zhenghang Wang, Yakun Wang, Jie Zhao, Jifang Gong, Liying Zhao, Baoshan Cao, Guoxin Li, Xiaotian Zhang, Bin Dong, Lin Shen

The sole use of single modality data often fails to capture the complex heterogeneity among patients, including the variability in resistance to anti-HER2 therapy and outcomes of combined treatment regimens, for the treatment of HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC). This modality deficit has not been fully considered in many studies. Furthermore, the application of artificial intelligence in predicting the treatment response, particularly in complex diseases such as GC, is still in its infancy. Therefore, this study aimed to use a comprehensive analytic approach to accurately predict treatment responses to anti-HER2 therapy or anti-HER2 combined immunotherapy in patients with HER2-positive GC. We collected multi-modal data, comprising radiology, pathology, and clinical information from a cohort of 429 patients: 310 treated with anti-HER2 therapy and 119 treated with a combination of anti-HER2 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors immunotherapy. We introduced a deep learning model, called the Multi-Modal model (MuMo), that integrates these data to make precise treatment response predictions. MuMo achieved an area under the curve score of 0.821 for anti-HER2 therapy and 0.914 for combined immunotherapy. Moreover, patients classified as low-risk by MuMo exhibited significantly prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival (log-rank test, P < 0.05). These findings not only highlight the significance of multi-modal data analysis in enhancing treatment evaluation and personalized medicine for HER2-positive gastric cancer, but also the potential and clinical value of our model.

在治疗 HER2 阳性胃癌(GC)时,仅使用单一模式的数据往往无法捕捉到患者之间复杂的异质性,包括对抗 HER2 治疗的耐药性和联合治疗方案的疗效。许多研究都没有充分考虑到这种模式的缺陷。此外,人工智能在预测治疗反应方面的应用,尤其是在胃癌等复杂疾病中的应用,仍处于起步阶段。因此,本研究旨在使用一种综合分析方法来准确预测HER2阳性GC患者对抗HER2疗法或抗HER2联合免疫疗法的治疗反应。我们收集了 429 例患者的多模态数据,包括放射学、病理学和临床信息:其中310人接受了抗HER2疗法,119人接受了抗HER2和抗PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂联合免疫疗法。我们引入了一种名为多模态模型(MuMo)的深度学习模型,该模型整合了这些数据,可精确预测治疗反应。MuMo对抗HER2疗法的曲线下面积得分达到0.821,对联合免疫疗法的曲线下面积得分达到0.914。此外,被 MuMo 归类为低风险的患者的无进展生存期和总生存期明显延长(对数秩检验,P
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引用次数: 0
An emerging artificial nanomachine: a nanoengine with a reversible clutch. 一种新兴的人造纳米机械:带有可逆离合器的纳米发动机。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01919-9
Ziqi Fang, Jianxin Jiang, Min Wu
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引用次数: 0
Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms, clinical trials and new drug development strategies. 阿尔茨海默病的最新进展:机制、临床试验和新药开发战略。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3
Jifa Zhang, Yinglu Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Yilin Xia, Jiaxian Zhang, Lei Chen

Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the predominant form of dementia, presenting significant and escalating global challenges. Its etiology is intricate and diverse, stemming from a combination of factors such as aging, genetics, and environment. Our current understanding of AD pathologies involves various hypotheses, such as the cholinergic, amyloid, tau protein, inflammatory, oxidative stress, metal ion, glutamate excitotoxicity, microbiota-gut-brain axis, and abnormal autophagy. Nonetheless, unraveling the interplay among these pathological aspects and pinpointing the primary initiators of AD require further elucidation and validation. In the past decades, most clinical drugs have been discontinued due to limited effectiveness or adverse effects. Presently, available drugs primarily offer symptomatic relief and often accompanied by undesirable side effects. However, recent approvals of aducanumab (1) and lecanemab (2) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) present the potential in disrease-modifying effects. Nevertheless, the long-term efficacy and safety of these drugs need further validation. Consequently, the quest for safer and more effective AD drugs persists as a formidable and pressing task. This review discusses the current understanding of AD pathogenesis, advances in diagnostic biomarkers, the latest updates of clinical trials, and emerging technologies for AD drug development. We highlight recent progress in the discovery of selective inhibitors, dual-target inhibitors, allosteric modulators, covalent inhibitors, proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) modulators. Our goal is to provide insights into the prospective development and clinical application of novel AD drugs.

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是痴呆症的主要形式,给全球带来了不断升级的重大挑战。它的病因复杂多样,源于衰老、遗传和环境等综合因素。我们目前对痴呆症病理的理解涉及多种假说,如胆碱能、淀粉样蛋白、tau 蛋白、炎症、氧化应激、金属离子、谷氨酸兴奋毒性、微生物群-肠-脑轴和异常自噬等。尽管如此,要揭示这些病理因素之间的相互影响,并精确定位AD的主要诱发因素,还需要进一步的阐明和验证。在过去几十年中,大多数临床药物都因疗效有限或不良反应而停用。目前,现有药物主要缓解症状,但往往伴有不良副作用。不过,美国食品药品管理局(FDA)最近批准了阿杜卡单抗(1)和莱卡内单抗(2),这两种药物具有缓解病情的潜在作用。然而,这些药物的长期疗效和安全性还需要进一步验证。因此,寻求更安全、更有效的 AD 药物仍然是一项艰巨而紧迫的任务。本综述讨论了目前对注意力缺失症发病机制的认识、诊断生物标志物的进展、临床试验的最新进展以及用于注意力缺失症药物开发的新兴技术。我们重点介绍了在发现选择性抑制剂、双靶点抑制剂、异位调节剂、共价抑制剂、蛋白水解靶向嵌合体(PROTACs)和蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)调节剂方面的最新进展。我们的目标是为新型抗抑郁药物的前瞻性开发和临床应用提供真知灼见。
{"title":"Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms, clinical trials and new drug development strategies.","authors":"Jifa Zhang, Yinglu Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Yilin Xia, Jiaxian Zhang, Lei Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the predominant form of dementia, presenting significant and escalating global challenges. Its etiology is intricate and diverse, stemming from a combination of factors such as aging, genetics, and environment. Our current understanding of AD pathologies involves various hypotheses, such as the cholinergic, amyloid, tau protein, inflammatory, oxidative stress, metal ion, glutamate excitotoxicity, microbiota-gut-brain axis, and abnormal autophagy. Nonetheless, unraveling the interplay among these pathological aspects and pinpointing the primary initiators of AD require further elucidation and validation. In the past decades, most clinical drugs have been discontinued due to limited effectiveness or adverse effects. Presently, available drugs primarily offer symptomatic relief and often accompanied by undesirable side effects. However, recent approvals of aducanumab (1) and lecanemab (2) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) present the potential in disrease-modifying effects. Nevertheless, the long-term efficacy and safety of these drugs need further validation. Consequently, the quest for safer and more effective AD drugs persists as a formidable and pressing task. This review discusses the current understanding of AD pathogenesis, advances in diagnostic biomarkers, the latest updates of clinical trials, and emerging technologies for AD drug development. We highlight recent progress in the discovery of selective inhibitors, dual-target inhibitors, allosteric modulators, covalent inhibitors, proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) modulators. Our goal is to provide insights into the prospective development and clinical application of novel AD drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"9 1","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":40.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Annexin A1 binds PDZ and LIM domain 7 to inhibit adipogenesis and prevent obesity. Annexin A1 可与 PDZ 和 LIM domain 7 结合,抑制脂肪生成,预防肥胖。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01930-0
Lu Fang, Changjie Liu, Zong-Zhe Jiang, Mengxiao Wang, Kang Geng, Yangkai Xu, Yujie Zhu, Yiwen Fu, Jing Xue, Wenxin Shan, Qi Zhang, Jie Chen, Jiahong Chen, Mingming Zhao, Yuxuan Guo, K W Michael Siu, Y Eugene Chen, Yong Xu, Donghui Liu, Lemin Zheng

Obesity is a global issue that warrants the identification of more effective therapeutic targets and a better understanding of the pivotal molecular pathogenesis. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is known to inhibit phospholipase A2, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. However, the specific effects of ANXA1 in obesity and the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Our study reveals that ANXA1 levels are elevated in the adipose tissue of individuals with obesity. Whole-body or adipocyte-specific ANXA1 deletion aggravates obesity and metabolic disorders. ANXA1 levels are higher in stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) than in mature adipocytes. Further investigation into the role of ANXA1 in SVFs reveals that ANXA1 overexpression induces lower numbers of mature adipocytes, while ANXA1-knockout SVFs exhibit the opposite effect. This suggests that ANXA1 plays an important role in adipogenesis. Mechanistically, ANXA1 competes with MYC binding protein 2 (MYCBP2) for interaction with PDZ and LIM domain 7 (PDLIM7). This exposes the MYCBP2-binding site, allowing it to bind more readily to the SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) and promoting its ubiquitination and degradation. SMAD4 degradation downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) transcription and reduces adipogenesis. Treatment with Ac2-26, an active peptide derived from ANXA1, inhibits both adipogenesis and obesity through the mechanism. In conclusion, the molecular mechanism of ANXA1 inhibiting adipogenesis was first uncovered in our study, which is a potential target for obesity prevention and treatment.

肥胖症是一个全球性问题,需要找到更有效的治疗靶点,并更好地了解其关键的分子发病机制。众所周知,Annexin A1(ANXA1)可抑制磷脂酶 A2,具有抗炎活性。然而,ANXA1 在肥胖症中的具体作用及其作用机制仍不清楚。我们的研究发现,肥胖症患者脂肪组织中的 ANXA1 水平升高。全身或脂肪细胞特异性 ANXA1 缺失会加重肥胖和代谢紊乱。基质血管组分(SVF)中的 ANXA1 水平高于成熟脂肪细胞。对ANXA1在SVFs中作用的进一步研究发现,ANXA1过表达会诱导成熟脂肪细胞数量减少,而ANXA1基因敲除的SVFs则表现出相反的效果。这表明,ANXA1 在脂肪生成过程中发挥着重要作用。从机理上讲,ANXA1 与 MYC 结合蛋白 2(MYCBP2)竞争与 PDZ 和 LIM 结构域 7(PDLIM7)的相互作用。这暴露了 MYCBP2 的结合位点,使其更容易与 SMAD 家族成员 4(SMAD4)结合,促进其泛素化和降解。SMAD4 降解会下调过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ(PPARγ)的转录并减少脂肪生成。用从 ANXA1 提取的活性肽 Ac2-26 治疗,可通过该机制抑制脂肪生成和肥胖。总之,我们的研究首次发现了ANXA1抑制脂肪生成的分子机制,这是预防和治疗肥胖症的潜在靶点。
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引用次数: 0
MYC and KRAS cooperation: from historical challenges to therapeutic opportunities in cancer. MYC 和 KRAS 的合作:从历史挑战到癌症治疗机遇。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01907-z
Sílvia Casacuberta-Serra, Íñigo González-Larreategui, Daniel Capitán-Leo, Laura Soucek

RAS and MYC rank amongst the most commonly altered oncogenes in cancer, with RAS being the most frequently mutated and MYC the most amplified. The cooperative interplay between RAS and MYC constitutes a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, profoundly influencing tumor development. Together and individually, these two oncogenes regulate most, if not all, hallmarks of cancer, including cell death escape, replicative immortality, tumor-associated angiogenesis, cell invasion and metastasis, metabolic adaptation, and immune evasion. Due to their frequent alteration and role in tumorigenesis, MYC and RAS emerge as highly appealing targets in cancer therapy. However, due to their complex nature, both oncogenes have been long considered "undruggable" and, until recently, no drugs directly targeting them had reached the clinic. This review aims to shed light on their complex partnership, with special attention to their active collaboration in fostering an immunosuppressive milieu and driving immunotherapeutic resistance in cancer. Within this review, we also present an update on the different inhibitors targeting RAS and MYC currently undergoing clinical trials, along with their clinical outcomes and the different combination strategies being explored to overcome drug resistance. This recent clinical development suggests a paradigm shift in the long-standing belief of RAS and MYC "undruggability", hinting at a new era in their therapeutic targeting.

RAS 和 MYC 是癌症中最常发生变化的癌基因之一,其中 RAS 最常发生突变,而 MYC 则最常发生扩增。RAS 和 MYC 之间的合作性相互作用构成了一个复杂而多面的现象,对肿瘤的发展产生了深远的影响。这两个癌基因共同或单独调控着癌症的大多数(如果不是全部)特征,包括细胞死亡逃逸、复制永生、肿瘤相关血管生成、细胞侵袭和转移、代谢适应和免疫逃避。由于 MYC 和 RAS 在肿瘤发生中的频繁变化和作用,它们成为癌症治疗中极具吸引力的靶点。然而,由于它们的复杂性,这两种癌基因长期以来一直被认为是 "不可药用 "的,直到最近,还没有直接针对它们的药物进入临床。本综述旨在阐明它们之间复杂的合作关系,特别关注它们在促进免疫抑制环境和驱动癌症免疫治疗抗药性方面的积极合作。在这篇综述中,我们还介绍了目前正在进行临床试验的针对 RAS 和 MYC 的不同抑制剂的最新情况,以及它们的临床结果和正在探索的克服耐药性的不同组合策略。最近的临床发展表明,长期以来认为 RAS 和 MYC "不可药用 "的观点发生了范式转变,预示着它们的靶向治疗进入了一个新时代。
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引用次数: 0
The JAK-STAT pathway: from structural biology to cytokine engineering. JAK-STAT 通路:从结构生物学到细胞因子工程学。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01934-w
You Lv, Jianxun Qi, Jeffrey J Babon, Longxing Cao, Guohuang Fan, Jiajia Lang, Jin Zhang, Pengbing Mi, Bostjan Kobe, Faming Wang

The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway serves as a paradigm for signal transduction from the extracellular environment to the nucleus. It plays a pivotal role in physiological functions, such as hematopoiesis, immune balance, tissue homeostasis, and surveillance against tumors. Dysregulation of this pathway may lead to various disease conditions such as immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, hematologic disorders, and cancer. Due to its critical role in maintaining human health and involvement in disease, extensive studies have been conducted on this pathway, ranging from basic research to medical applications. Advances in the structural biology of this pathway have enabled us to gain insights into how the signaling cascade operates at the molecular level, laying the groundwork for therapeutic development targeting this pathway. Various strategies have been developed to restore its normal function, with promising therapeutic potential. Enhanced comprehension of these molecular mechanisms, combined with advances in protein engineering methodologies, has allowed us to engineer cytokines with tailored properties for targeted therapeutic applications, thereby enhancing their efficiency and safety. In this review, we outline the structural basis that governs key nodes in this pathway, offering a comprehensive overview of the signal transduction process. Furthermore, we explore recent advances in cytokine engineering for therapeutic development in this pathway.

Janus 激酶-信号转导和转录激活因子(JAK-STAT)途径是细胞外环境向细胞核进行信号转导的范例。它在造血、免疫平衡、组织稳态和肿瘤监控等生理功能中发挥着关键作用。这一途径的失调可能导致各种疾病,如免疫缺陷、自身免疫性疾病、血液病和癌症。由于该通路在维持人类健康和疾病中的关键作用,人们对其进行了从基础研究到医疗应用的广泛研究。这一通路的结构生物学研究取得了进展,使我们能够深入了解信号级联在分子水平上是如何运作的,从而为开发针对这一通路的疗法奠定了基础。目前已开发出各种策略来恢复其正常功能,治疗潜力巨大。对这些分子机制的深入理解,再加上蛋白质工程方法的进步,使我们能够为靶向治疗应用设计具有定制特性的细胞因子,从而提高其效率和安全性。在这篇综述中,我们将概述支配这一通路关键节点的结构基础,全面介绍信号转导过程。此外,我们还将探讨细胞因子工程学在该通路治疗开发方面的最新进展。
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引用次数: 0
Immune recall enhances cross-reactive antibody longevity after a large wave of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. 大规模 SARS-CoV-2 突发性感染后,免疫召回会延长交叉反应抗体的寿命。
IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01926-w
Dan Li, Qingfei Chu, Kang Li, Lanjuan Li, Yiming Shao
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引用次数: 0
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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
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