Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Response to Comment on “Caffeine and Sports Performance: The Conflict between Caffeine Intake to Enhance Performance and Avoiding Caffeine to Ensure Sleep Quality”","authors":"Hugo Silva, Juan Del Coso, Craig Pickering","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02358-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02358-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Caffeine and Sports Performance: The Conflict Between Caffeine Intake to Enhance Performance and Avoiding Caffeine to Ensure Sleep Quality”","authors":"Nikola Todorovic","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02362-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02362-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACTN3 c.1729C>T Polymorphism Might Not Be a Standalone Factor in Non-contact Musculoskeletal Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"David Varillas-Delgado, Estela Villaoslada, Laura Clavaín","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02368-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02368-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145599244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the FIFA 11 + Program on Physical Fitness in Youth and Adult Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Ibnu Noufal Kambitta Valappil, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Gavoutamane Vasanthi, Masilamani Elayaraja, Cain C. T. Clark, Koulla Parpa, Borko Katanic, Hüseyin Şahin Uysal, Hassane Zouhal, Urs Granacher","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02346-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02346-8","url":null,"abstract":"Background Soccer is a high-intensity sport that requires high levels of physical fitness, including balance, change of direction (CoD), speed and power. The FIFA 11 + program has been widely promoted to enhance physical fitness and reduce injury occurrence. Objective This meta-analysis set out to examine how the FIFA 11 + program, implemented as a warm-up versus conventional warm-up (soccer-specific and alternative warm-ups), impacts physical fitness attributes in youth and adult soccer players. Methods After a priori defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 intervention studies with 611 male and female soccer players (Tier 2–4) aged 9–29 years were eligible to be included. The FIFA 11 + program implemented in the warm-up was contrasted with conventional warm-up programs (control) on outcome measures such as dynamic balance, CoD speed, linear sprint and proxies of muscle power (vertical jump height). The influence of potential moderators (e.g., training duration, frequency, session duration, age, sex, training and performance calibre) on study outcome measures was examined using subgroup analyses with the median split method. Results Findings demonstrated small-to-moderate improvements in favour of FIFA 11 + compared with conventional warm-ups on dynamic balance (small standardized mean differences [SMDs] = 0.37, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001, heterogeneity [ <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> ] = 7), CoD speed (moderate SMDs = − 0.65, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.005, <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 84), and vertical jump height (small SMDs = 0.56, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001, <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 71). Results from the sub-analyses showed that, for dynamic balance, shorter training durations (< 9 weeks) produced larger effects than longer durations (≥ 9 weeks) (SMDs = 0.62 versus SMDs = 0.17). For vertical jump height, < 9 weeks also yielded greater improvements (SMDs = 0.79 versus SMDs = 0.26). In terms of weekly training frequency, ≥ 3 sessions/week elicited larger gains in change-of-direction speed (SMDs = − 1.05 versus SMDs = − 0.12) and vertical jump height (SMDs = 0.73 versus SMDs = 0.01) compared with < 3 sessions/week. Regarding participant characteristics, players aged ≥ 18 years showed greater improvements than those < 18 years in change-of-direction speed (SMDs = − 1.45 versus SMDs = − 0.06) and vertical jump height (SMDs = 0.64 versus SMDs = 0.22). For sex differences, males experienced greater benefits than females in change-of-direction speed (SMDs = − 0.79 versus SMDs = − 0.04) and vertical jump height (SMDs = 0.54 versus SMDs = 0.09). Finally, higher-level players (≥ tier 3) demonstrated greater improvements in vertical jump height than lower-tier players (< Tier 3) (SMDs = 0.75 versus SMDs = 0.01). The observed benefits were statistically significant but generally of small-to-moderate magnitude and affected by st","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145599891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Anatomical Approach to T-Junction Hamstring Injuries","authors":"Carles Pedret, Sandra Mechó, Gulraiz Ahmad, Gil Rodas, Ramon Balius","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02366-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02366-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145593602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Menstrual Health in Footballers: Considerations for Tracking Menstrual and Hormonal Contraceptive Cycles in the Field to Support Performance","authors":"Ritva S. Mikkonen, Johanna K. Ihalainen, Georgie Bruinvels, Nonhlanhla S. Mkumbuzi, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Mira Kaikkonen, Malita Kasongo, Anthony C. Hackney","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02338-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02338-8","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring menstrual health has gained popularity in sports like football as an opportunity to identify recurring symptoms or adverse symptoms related to the menstrual or hormonal contraceptive cycle; to recognize challenges related to low energy availability (LEA), low carbohydrate availability, overreaching/overtraining, and/or overall lifestyle stress due to their association with menstrual disturbance/dysfunction; to be informative in contextualizing athlete training status, e.g., training load and performance progression; and to promote and empower body/health literacy and overall health in female athletes. Monitoring menstrual health may also offer valuable insights to inform decisions regarding training and recovery. In team sports like football, where training loads and match schedules are relatively uniform across the squad, individualized strategies to effectively manage recurring adverse symptoms or menstrual disturbance/dysfunction may be necessary to ensure that all athletes can perform and recover optimally. The purpose of this article is to describe the rationale and suggested approaches for tracking menstrual and hormonal contraceptive cycles (including menstrual disturbance/dysfunction) in field settings to facilitate monitoring of menstrual health to potentially contextualize the other health and performance data. Herein, we assess the feasibility and potential limitations of different tracking methods from traditional paper and pencil records to more sophisticated digital applications and biochemical measures for use in real-world settings.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Exercise on Autonomic Cardiovascular Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Paula Etayo-Urtasun, Mikel Izquierdo, Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02357-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02357-5","url":null,"abstract":"Background Physical exercise has been proposed to enhance cardiovascular autonomic function; however, current evidence in older populations remains controversial. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of physical exercise on autonomic cardiovascular function in older adults. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect on March 12, 2025, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Two independent reviewers applied the PICOS model to screen randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published since 2010 that investigated the effects of exercise interventions on autonomic cardiovascular function in older adults. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated through random effects models using the Empirical Bayes method. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420250651364). Results Fifteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Exercise interventions significantly increased the root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) (SMD 0.636, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.014–1.258; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.045) and significantly decreased the low-frequency / high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio (SMD − 0.506, 95% CI − 0.954 to − 0.057; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.027). No significant effects were found for the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) (SMD 0.718, 95% CI − 0.120 to 1.557; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.093) or baroreflex sensitivity (SMD − 0.137, 95% CI − 0.670 to 0.396; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.614). Although substantial heterogeneity was noted, no evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusion These results highlight the utility of structured exercise as a nonpharmacological tool to improve autonomic cardiovascular function in older adults, with potential implications for reducing cardiovascular risk and promoting healthy ageing.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Strain to Repair: A Targeted Review of Lipid Mediators Driving the Inflammatory Cascade Following Exercise.","authors":"Saurabh Satija,Todd W Mitchell,Ryan Anthony,Gregory E Peoples,John A Sampson","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02347-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02347-7","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise triggers a proportional inflammatory response that is crucial for muscle fiber repair and adaptation. However, excessive or chronic inflammation can delay recovery and increase injury risk. Biomarkers such as creatine kinase and interleukins are commonly used to assess muscle damage and inflammation, respectively, but they have limitations in specificity and sensitivity. However, lipid mediators that signal all inflammatory events with distinct roles in pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and pro-resolving phases could provide a more complete understanding of the inflammatory response to exercise. In this review, we discuss the limitations of current biomarkers and the potential of lipid mediators to theoretically offer more precise insights into the inflammatory processes following exercise. Further research is needed to establish standardized protocols for measuring lipid mediators and to understand their temporal dynamics in relation to inflammation and recovery. This knowledge could lead to improved strategies for monitoring and enhancing recovery in athletes.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145545034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Golf Carts as On-Course Transportation During Competitive Golf Events: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Andrew J Hall,Chris Bishop,Amy O'Donnell,Tony Bennett,Graeme L Close,Wimpie Du Plessis,Andrew D Murray","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02354-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02354-8","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDGolf is enjoyed by over 108 million people globally, and has established elite female, male and disability competitive schedules. The use of golf carts during elite competition is a topic of discussion regarding the principles of inclusivity and competitive fairness with important scientific, legal and ethical considerations.OBJECTIVEThe primary aim was to evaluate the evidence relating to riding a golf cart in comparison to walking the golf course, pertaining specifically to: (1) inclusivity and safety, and (2) competitive fairness. The secondary aim was to identify knowledge gaps and research priorities.METHODSWe conducted a scoping review and the search strategy was applied to the following databases, and articles were extracted by independent reviewers from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest Central. Grey literature was examined using Google Advanced Search. A five-stage scoping review methodology followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Articles were collated using an online tool (Covidence) and evaluated against pre-determined criteria. Data from included studies were collated to facilitate descriptive and thematic analysis.RESULTSOf the 879 studies identified, 72 were included for analysis. Seven themes emerged: physical demands, inclusion and accessibility, cognitive demands, legal and ethical, nutrition and hydration, competitive fairness, and safety and injury risk. Golf carts promote accessibility, particularly for individuals with disabilities. Safety concerns predominantly arise in non-elite settings, with incidents linked to operator error, poor safety governance and use on public highways. There is compelling evidence demonstrating that in-round riding of golf carts reduces the physical demands of golf, with users expending less energy and covering shorter distances, although effects on performance is uncertain. Golf cart use may mitigate the environmental aspects of golf, including the effects of hot/humid weather or hilly topography.CONCLUSIONSGolf carts can increase inclusivity for golfers and enable clubs and organisations to meet their ethical and legal requirements around accessibility. However, riding golf carts may diminish some of the health benefits of golf, and present a risk of injury and practical challenges. In the competitive setting, golf cart use reduces the physical demands of the game, affecting the environmental challenges of variable weather and terrain. It is biologically plausible and likely that this would offer a performance advantage in some circumstances. More research is needed to guide the fair use of this enabling technology within clearly defined contexts by: (1) evaluating the performance deficits associated with medical issues in which the use of golf carts might be considered permissible, and (2) evaluating the magnitude and nature of competitive advantages experienced by golf cart riders.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145545036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: “Assessment of Aerobic Fitness and Repeated Sprint Ability in Elite Male Soccer: A Systematic Review of Test Protocols Used in Practice and Research”","authors":"Ricardo Dantas de Lucas, Anderson Santiago Teixeira, Jean de Souza dos Santos, Fernando Klitzke Borszcz, Lorival José Carminatti","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02349-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02349-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}