Sports Medicine最新文献_第7页

Does Maximal Strength or Speed-Strength Have Stronger Associations with Performance Indicators in the Rugby Football Codes? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 最大力量或速度力量与橄榄球规则中的表现指标有更强的关联吗？系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02342-y

Lachlan P. James, Vincent G. Kelly, Jonathon Weakley, Rich D. Johnston, Minh Huynh

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Competition Time on Soccer Players' Performance Factors: A Scoping Review with Evidence Gap Map. 比赛时间对足球运动员成绩因素的影响：基于证据缺口图的范围评估。

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02321-3

André Milheiro,Ivan Baptista,Fábio Y Nakamura,Hugo Sarmento,Filipe Manuel Clemente,João Renato Silva,José Afonso

BACKGROUNDPerformance in team sports is influenced by physical, technical, tactical, and psychological factors. Understanding the disparities in playing time between starters and nonstarters is crucial for optimizing training strategies and performance management.OBJECTIVESThis systematic scoping review with an evidence gap map (EGM) aimed to (i) synthesize findings from studies comparing the performance factors of starters and nonstarters, (ii) identify compensatory strategies for players with reduced playing times and barriers to the implementation of these strategies, and (iii) provide an EGM to guide future research toward addressing the most relevant gaps in the literature. This review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the respective extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Electronic databases such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science (Core Collection) were searched on 31/08/2023. The RoBANS tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Among 32,613 articles, 57 trials from 70 publications were included.RESULTSFemale soccer players were represented in only 15.8% of the trials. The physical performance factor (k = 56, 98.2%) has been extensively studied in relation to the differences between starters and nonstarters. Few studies have analyzed technical and psychological performance factors, while tactical factors have not been addressed. Starters presented higher values of external absolute intensity (EAI, measured by the total distance and sprint distance), higher internal absolute intensity (IAI, assessed through heart rate-based measures as above 70% maximal heart rate), along with greater improvements in exercise performance measurements (countermovement jump and 20-m sprint), than nonstarters did. The most adopted categorization was based on match participation (k = 33, 57.9%), with starters defined as players who played for ≥ 66.7% of a match time (14.0%). The day commonly used for compensatory training was 24 h after a match (k = 16; 37.5%). Several strategies attempting to reproduce competitive loads were used, such as small-sided games (k = 9; 56.3%), running-based drills (k = 8, 50.0%), small-positional games (k = 3, 18.8%), tactical-technical drills (k = 2, 12.5%), strength training (k = 2, 12.5%), and friendly matches (k = 1, 6.5%).CONCLUSIONThis scoping review highlights the necessity of placing increased emphasis on technical, tactical, and psychological performance factors and compensatory training strategies (including the day and types of exercise). These measures aim to replicate the competitive match demands for nonstarters, maintaining or enhancing the physical adaptations, psychological factors, and tactical-technical skills required for performance improvement throughout the season. This review proposes three main future research areas for the topic: (i) investigating the effects of compensatory training on nonstarters' weekly loads when distributed across multiple days; (ii) inv

团队运动的表现受身体、技术、战术和心理因素的影响。了解首发球员和非首发球员在上场时间上的差异对于优化训练策略和表现管理至关重要。本研究采用证据差距图（EGM）进行系统性的范围审查，旨在(i)综合比较首发球员和非首发球员的表现因素的研究结果，（ii）确定上场时间减少的球员的补偿策略和实施这些策略的障碍，以及（iii）提供一个EGM来指导未来的研究，以解决文献中最相关的差距。本次审查遵循PRISMA 2020指南和相应的范围审查扩展（PRISMA- scr）。在2023年8月31日检索了Cochrane Library、PubMed、Scopus、SPORTDiscus和Web of Science （Core Collection）等电子数据库。使用RoBANS工具评估偏倚风险。在32613篇文献中，纳入了来自70篇出版物的57项试验。结果女足运动员的比例仅为15.8%。物理性能因子（k = 56,98.2%）与起动者和非起动者之间的差异有广泛的研究。很少有研究分析技术和心理表现因素，而战术因素尚未得到解决。与非初学者相比，初学者表现出更高的外部绝对强度（EAI，通过总距离和冲刺距离测量），更高的内部绝对强度（IAI，通过基于心率的测量评估，超过70%的最大心率），以及更大的运动表现测量（反向运动跳跃和20米冲刺）改善。采用最多的分类是基于比赛参与度（k = 33, 57.9%），首发球员定义为比赛时间≥66.7%（14.0%）的球员。补偿性训练通常在比赛后24小时进行（k = 16; 37.5%）。研究人员使用了几种试图重现竞争性负荷的策略，如小边游戏（k = 9, 56.3%）、跑步训练（k = 8, 50.0%）、小位置游戏（k = 3, 18.8%）、战术技术训练（k = 2, 12.5%）、力量训练（k = 2, 12.5%）和友谊赛（k = 1, 6.5%）。结论：这一范围综述强调了对技术、战术和心理表现因素以及补偿性训练策略（包括锻炼的时间和类型）给予更多重视的必要性。这些措施旨在复制非首发球员在竞技比赛中的需求，维持或提高整个赛季中表现提高所需的身体适应性、心理因素和战术技术技能。这篇综述提出了该主题未来的三个主要研究领域：(i)研究代偿性训练在多天分布时对非初学者每周负荷的影响；（ii）为非启动者调查额外的截止时间或更精确的时间分类；（三）对女足运动员进行更多的研究。该方案已在开放科学框架（Open Science Framework）中注册（项目：https://osf.io/36pum/；注册：https://osf.io/9rmz6），并于2021年12月30日在执行前向公众公布。

{"title":"The Influence of Competition Time on Soccer Players' Performance Factors: A Scoping Review with Evidence Gap Map.","authors":"André Milheiro,Ivan Baptista,Fábio Y Nakamura,Hugo Sarmento,Filipe Manuel Clemente,João Renato Silva,José Afonso","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02321-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02321-3","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPerformance in team sports is influenced by physical, technical, tactical, and psychological factors. Understanding the disparities in playing time between starters and nonstarters is crucial for optimizing training strategies and performance management.OBJECTIVESThis systematic scoping review with an evidence gap map (EGM) aimed to (i) synthesize findings from studies comparing the performance factors of starters and nonstarters, (ii) identify compensatory strategies for players with reduced playing times and barriers to the implementation of these strategies, and (iii) provide an EGM to guide future research toward addressing the most relevant gaps in the literature. This review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the respective extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Electronic databases such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science (Core Collection) were searched on 31/08/2023. The RoBANS tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Among 32,613 articles, 57 trials from 70 publications were included.RESULTSFemale soccer players were represented in only 15.8% of the trials. The physical performance factor (k = 56, 98.2%) has been extensively studied in relation to the differences between starters and nonstarters. Few studies have analyzed technical and psychological performance factors, while tactical factors have not been addressed. Starters presented higher values of external absolute intensity (EAI, measured by the total distance and sprint distance), higher internal absolute intensity (IAI, assessed through heart rate-based measures as above 70% maximal heart rate), along with greater improvements in exercise performance measurements (countermovement jump and 20-m sprint), than nonstarters did. The most adopted categorization was based on match participation (k = 33, 57.9%), with starters defined as players who played for ≥ 66.7% of a match time (14.0%). The day commonly used for compensatory training was 24 h after a match (k = 16; 37.5%). Several strategies attempting to reproduce competitive loads were used, such as small-sided games (k = 9; 56.3%), running-based drills (k = 8, 50.0%), small-positional games (k = 3, 18.8%), tactical-technical drills (k = 2, 12.5%), strength training (k = 2, 12.5%), and friendly matches (k = 1, 6.5%).CONCLUSIONThis scoping review highlights the necessity of placing increased emphasis on technical, tactical, and psychological performance factors and compensatory training strategies (including the day and types of exercise). These measures aim to replicate the competitive match demands for nonstarters, maintaining or enhancing the physical adaptations, psychological factors, and tactical-technical skills required for performance improvement throughout the season. This review proposes three main future research areas for the topic: (i) investigating the effects of compensatory training on nonstarters' weekly loads when distributed across multiple days; (ii) inv","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145440595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Apophysitis in Children and Adolescents 儿童和青少年下肢肌炎的发病率和危险因素

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02328-w

Niels Wedderkopp, Chinchin Wang, Russell Steele, Jeff Hebert, Christina Rexen, Eva Jespersen, Tina Junge, Tobias Thomsen, Frederik Mølgaard Jensen, Ian Shrier

Introduction Apophysitis is a common musculoskeletal injury in children and adolescents often resulting in pain and deformity such as bony prominences in Osgood–Schlatter, leading to reduced physical function. A concerning consequence of lower extremity (LE) apophysitis is its potential to reduce physical activity. Objectives We aimed to describe the incidence of lower extremity apophysitis in children and estimate the association of leisure-time sport (LT-sport) participation and physical education (PE) on apophysitis incidence. Methods In a 5.5-year prospective cohort study of primary-school students, parents sent weekly text messages reporting injury occurrences and LT-sport participation data in the participating children. Injury reports triggered subsequent clinical evaluation. Results We analyzed data from 878 girls and 792 boys and identified 1265 episodes of apophysitis in 1670 children. Sever’s, Sinding-Larsen–Johansson’s, and Osgood–Schlatter’s diseases constituted more than 99% of LE-apophysitis cases. The median time of injury duration was 3–4 weeks, and the range was between 1 and 45 weeks. The incidence was between 3.2 and 7.0 cases of LE apophysitis per 1000 LT-sport participations. Extra physical education did not increase the risk of apophysitis, whereas children who participated in soccer, handball, basketball, and jump gymnastics were at increased risk (risk ratio [RR] = 2.07–2.74). Conclusions Lower extremity apophysitis can result in months of pain. This is important as prolonged periods of injury could reduce LT-sport and exercise participation, thereby decreasing health-related physical activity in childhood. Our results suggest early diagnosis and activity modification in children and adolescents with apophysitis may reduce injury duration, but future intervention studies are required before more definitive causal conclusions can be drawn. Trial Registration Danish Data Protection Agency (J. no. 2008-41-2240) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03510494).

Apophysitis是儿童和青少年常见的肌肉骨骼损伤，通常导致疼痛和畸形，如osgood - schlater的骨突出，导致身体功能下降。下肢（LE）肌炎的一个令人担忧的后果是它可能减少身体活动。目的：我们旨在描述儿童下肢肌炎的发病率，并估计休闲运动（LT-sport）参与和体育教育（PE）与肌炎发病率的关系。方法在一项为期5.5年的小学生前瞻性队列研究中，父母每周发送短信报告参与儿童的伤害发生情况和lt - sports参与数据。损伤报告引发了随后的临床评估。结果我们分析了878名女孩和792名男孩的数据，并在1670名儿童中确定了1265例apophytis。Sever’s、Sinding-Larsen-Johansson’s和osgood - schlate’s病占le - apophytis病例的99%以上。损伤持续时间中位数为3 ~ 4周，范围为1 ~ 45周。每1000名lt运动参与者的发生率在3.2 - 7.0例之间。额外的体育教育没有增加apophytis的风险，而参加足球、手球、篮球和跳高体操的儿童的风险增加（风险比[RR] = 2.07-2.74）。结论下肢肌炎可导致长达数月的疼痛。这一点很重要，因为长时间的受伤可能会减少lt运动和锻炼的参与，从而减少儿童时期与健康相关的身体活动。我们的研究结果表明，早期诊断和活动调整对患有apophytis的儿童和青少年可能会减少损伤持续时间，但在得出更明确的因果结论之前，还需要进一步的干预研究。丹麦数据保护局(J. no.；2008-41-2240)和ClinicalTrials.gov （NCT03510494）。

{"title":"Incidence of and Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Apophysitis in Children and Adolescents","authors":"Niels Wedderkopp, Chinchin Wang, Russell Steele, Jeff Hebert, Christina Rexen, Eva Jespersen, Tina Junge, Tobias Thomsen, Frederik Mølgaard Jensen, Ian Shrier","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02328-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02328-w","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Apophysitis is a common musculoskeletal injury in children and adolescents often resulting in pain and deformity such as bony prominences in Osgood–Schlatter, leading to reduced physical function. A concerning consequence of lower extremity (LE) apophysitis is its potential to reduce physical activity. Objectives We aimed to describe the incidence of lower extremity apophysitis in children and estimate the association of leisure-time sport (LT-sport) participation and physical education (PE) on apophysitis incidence. Methods In a 5.5-year prospective cohort study of primary-school students, parents sent weekly text messages reporting injury occurrences and LT-sport participation data in the participating children. Injury reports triggered subsequent clinical evaluation. Results We analyzed data from 878 girls and 792 boys and identified 1265 episodes of apophysitis in 1670 children. Sever’s, Sinding-Larsen–Johansson’s, and Osgood–Schlatter’s diseases constituted more than 99% of LE-apophysitis cases. The median time of injury duration was 3–4 weeks, and the range was between 1 and 45 weeks. The incidence was between 3.2 and 7.0 cases of LE apophysitis per 1000 LT-sport participations. Extra physical education did not increase the risk of apophysitis, whereas children who participated in soccer, handball, basketball, and jump gymnastics were at increased risk (risk ratio [RR] = 2.07–2.74). Conclusions Lower extremity apophysitis can result in months of pain. This is important as prolonged periods of injury could reduce LT-sport and exercise participation, thereby decreasing health-related physical activity in childhood. Our results suggest early diagnosis and activity modification in children and adolescents with apophysitis may reduce injury duration, but future intervention studies are required before more definitive causal conclusions can be drawn. Trial Registration Danish Data Protection Agency (J. no. 2008-41-2240) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03510494).","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Utility of the Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool 6 (SCOAT6) and Other Select Multidomain Assessments for Subacute Sport-Related Concussion. 运动脑震荡办公室评估工具6 （SCOAT6）和亚急性运动相关脑震荡的其他选择多领域评估的临床应用。

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02256-9

Anthony P Kontos, Aaron J Zynda, Alicia M Trbovich, Jonathan French, Nathan Kegel, Christopher Burley, Shan Patel, Anne Mucha, Melissa N Womble, Sabrina Jennings, Christina M Dollar, R J Elbin, Michael W Collins

Background: There is a need for an empirically supported, clinically pragmatic set of multidomain tools for the subacute assessment of sport-related concussion in clinical settings. The Concussion in Sport Group recommended a new tool called the Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool 6 (SCOAT6) for a subacute (3-30 days) sport-related concussion assessment; however, it has yet to be empirically validated.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the SCOAT6 compared to select multidomain assessments comprising the Concussion Clinical Profile Screening (CP Screen), Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT), and Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screen (VOMS) in identifying athletes with sport-related concussion from healthy controls.

Methods: There were 134 participants (aged 13-29 years) within 3-30 days of sport-related concussion and 67 healthy controls who completed the SCOAT6 recommended components (e.g., Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory [PCSI], verbal cognitive tests, orthostatic vital signs, modified Balance Error Scoring System [mBESS], timed tandem gait, and modified VOMS [mVOMS]), optional screeners (e.g., Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7], Patient Health Questionnaire-2 [PHQ-2], Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire [ASSQ]), and other select multidomain assessments (e.g., CP Screen, ImPACT, VOMS) at their initial visit.

Results: PCSI, mVOMS, and timed tandem gait demonstrated acceptable to outstanding utility (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73-0.91) to identify sport-related concussion from controls, while the remaining SCOAT6 components demonstrated unacceptable utility (AUC < 0.70). Nearly all CP Screen, ImPACT, and VOMS components demonstrated acceptable to outstanding utility (AUC = 0.72-0.97), except for CP Screen anxiety/mood, ImPACT reaction time, and VOMS near point of convergence distance (AUC < 0.70).

Conclusions: The PCSI, timed tandem gait, and mVOMS components of the SCOAT6 were useful in identifying sport-related concussion. However, verbal cognitive tests, orthostatic vital signs, and clinical balance components were not useful for this purpose. The CP Screen, additional items from the full version of the VOMS, and ImPACT memory and processing speed were also useful in identifying sport-related concussion and should be included in a multidomain approach for the subacute assessment of sport-related concussion.

背景：需要一套经验支持的、临床实用的多领域工具，用于临床环境中运动相关脑震荡的亚急性评估。运动脑震荡小组推荐了一种名为运动脑震荡办公室评估工具6 （SCOAT6）的新工具，用于亚急性（3-30天）运动相关脑震荡评估；然而，它还有待于实证验证。目的：我们旨在评估SCOAT6的临床应用，并将其与包括脑震荡临床特征筛查（CP Screen）、脑震荡后立即评估和认知测试（ImPACT）和前庭/眼运动筛查（VOMS）在内的多领域评估进行比较，以识别健康对照组的运动相关脑震荡运动员。方法:有134名参与者（年龄13-29岁）在运动相关脑震荡后3-30天内完成SCOAT6推荐的组成部分（如脑震荡后症状量表[PCSI]、言语认知测试、直立生命体征、改进的平衡误差评分系统[mBESS]、定时串联步态和改进的VOMS [mVOMS]）、可选筛查(如广广性焦虑障碍-7 [GAD-7]、患者健康问卷-2 [PHQ-2]、运动员睡眠筛选问卷[ASSQ])，以及其他选择的多领域评估（如CP Screen， ImPACT， VOMS）。结果：PCSI、mVOMS和计时串联步态在识别与运动相关的脑震荡方面具有显著的实用性（曲线下面积[AUC] = 0.73-0.91），而SCOAT6的其余组成部分在识别与运动相关的脑震荡方面表现出不可接受的实用性(AUC结论：SCOAT6的PCSI、计时串联步态和mVOMS组成部分在识别与运动相关的脑震荡方面是有用的。然而，语言认知测试、直立生命体征和临床平衡成分对这一目的没有用处。CP Screen、VOMS完整版的附加项目、ImPACT记忆和处理速度在识别运动相关脑震荡方面也很有用，应纳入运动相关脑震荡亚急性评估的多领域方法。

{"title":"Clinical Utility of the Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool 6 (SCOAT6) and Other Select Multidomain Assessments for Subacute Sport-Related Concussion.","authors":"Anthony P Kontos, Aaron J Zynda, Alicia M Trbovich, Jonathan French, Nathan Kegel, Christopher Burley, Shan Patel, Anne Mucha, Melissa N Womble, Sabrina Jennings, Christina M Dollar, R J Elbin, Michael W Collins","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02256-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40279-025-02256-9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a need for an empirically supported, clinically pragmatic set of multidomain tools for the subacute assessment of sport-related concussion in clinical settings. The Concussion in Sport Group recommended a new tool called the Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool 6 (SCOAT6) for a subacute (3-30 days) sport-related concussion assessment; however, it has yet to be empirically validated.Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the SCOAT6 compared to select multidomain assessments comprising the Concussion Clinical Profile Screening (CP Screen), Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT), and Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screen (VOMS) in identifying athletes with sport-related concussion from healthy controls.Methods: There were 134 participants (aged 13-29 years) within 3-30 days of sport-related concussion and 67 healthy controls who completed the SCOAT6 recommended components (e.g., Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory [PCSI], verbal cognitive tests, orthostatic vital signs, modified Balance Error Scoring System [mBESS], timed tandem gait, and modified VOMS [mVOMS]), optional screeners (e.g., Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7], Patient Health Questionnaire-2 [PHQ-2], Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire [ASSQ]), and other select multidomain assessments (e.g., CP Screen, ImPACT, VOMS) at their initial visit.Results: PCSI, mVOMS, and timed tandem gait demonstrated acceptable to outstanding utility (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73-0.91) to identify sport-related concussion from controls, while the remaining SCOAT6 components demonstrated unacceptable utility (AUC < 0.70). Nearly all CP Screen, ImPACT, and VOMS components demonstrated acceptable to outstanding utility (AUC = 0.72-0.97), except for CP Screen anxiety/mood, ImPACT reaction time, and VOMS near point of convergence distance (AUC < 0.70).Conclusions: The PCSI, timed tandem gait, and mVOMS components of the SCOAT6 were useful in identifying sport-related concussion. However, verbal cognitive tests, orthostatic vital signs, and clinical balance components were not useful for this purpose. The CP Screen, additional items from the full version of the VOMS, and ImPACT memory and processing speed were also useful in identifying sport-related concussion and should be included in a multidomain approach for the subacute assessment of sport-related concussion.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2915-2932"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Instrumented Mouthguards in Men's Rugby League: Quantifying the Incidence and Probability of Head Acceleration Events at a Group and Individual Level. 男子橄榄球联赛中的器械护齿器：量化群体和个人水平上头部加速事件的发生率和概率。

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02253-y

James Tooby, Cameron Owen, Thomas Sawczuk, Gregory Roe, Kevin Till, Gemma Phillips, Dane Vishnubala, Ryan White, Steve Rowson, Ross Tucker, Gregory Tierney, Ben Jones

Background: There is growing concern that exposure to head acceleration events (HAEs) may be associated with long-term neurological effects.

Objectives: To quantify the incidence and probability of HAEs during men's professional rugby league match-play on a group and individual basis using instrumented mouthguards (iMGs).

Methods: A total of 91 men's professional rugby league players participating in the 2023 Super League season wore iMGs, resulting in the collection of 775 player matches (mean 8.3 matches per player). Incidence of HAEs (rate of HAEs per median playing time) was calculated via generalised linear mixed models. Probability of HAEs (likelihood of experiencing an HAE during a tackle-event) was calculated using an ordinal mixed effects regression model.

Results: The mean incidence of HAEs exceeding 25 g per median playing time ranged from 0.86-1.88 for back positions and 1.83-2.02 for forward positions. The probability of exceeding 25 g during a tackle event was higher for ball-carriers (6.29%, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.27-7.58) than tacklers (4.26%, 95% CI 3.48-5.26). Several players exhibited considerably higher incidence and probability than others, e.g. one player averaged 5.02 HAEs exceeding 25 g per median playing time and another had a probability of 20.00% of exceeding 25 g during a tackle event as a ball-carrier and 34.78% as a tackler.

Conclusions: This study quantifies the incidence and probability of HAEs in men's rugby league match-play, advancing our understanding of HAE exposure in men's rugby league. These findings support the development of individualised HAE mitigation strategies targeted at individuals with elevated HAE exposures.

背景：人们越来越关注暴露于头部加速事件（HAEs）可能与长期神经系统影响有关。目的：量化在男子职业橄榄球联赛比赛中使用器械护齿器（iMGs）的发生率和概率。方法：共有91名参加2023赛季超级联赛的男子职业橄榄球联盟球员佩戴img，共收集775场球员比赛（平均每位球员8.3场比赛）。通过广义线性混合模型计算HAEs发生率（每中位比赛时间HAEs发生率）。使用有序混合效应回归模型计算HAE的概率（在铲球事件中发生HAE的可能性）。结果：每中位上场时间内HAEs超过25 g的平均发生率为后腰0.86-1.88，前锋1.83-2.02。在铲球事件中，持球者（6.29%，95%可信区间[CI] 5.27-7.58）比铲球者（4.26%，95%可信区间[CI] 3.48-5.26）的概率更高。一些球员表现出比其他人更高的发生率和概率，例如，一名球员平均每场比赛时间超过25克的概率为5.02，另一名球员在铲球事件中超过25克的概率为20.00%，作为铲球者的概率为34.78%。结论：本研究量化了男子橄榄球联赛比赛中HAEs的发生率和概率，提高了我们对男子橄榄球联赛中HAEs暴露的理解。这些发现支持针对HAE暴露增高个体的个体化HAE缓解策略的发展。

{"title":"Instrumented Mouthguards in Men's Rugby League: Quantifying the Incidence and Probability of Head Acceleration Events at a Group and Individual Level.","authors":"James Tooby, Cameron Owen, Thomas Sawczuk, Gregory Roe, Kevin Till, Gemma Phillips, Dane Vishnubala, Ryan White, Steve Rowson, Ross Tucker, Gregory Tierney, Ben Jones","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02253-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40279-025-02253-y","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is growing concern that exposure to head acceleration events (HAEs) may be associated with long-term neurological effects.Objectives: To quantify the incidence and probability of HAEs during men's professional rugby league match-play on a group and individual basis using instrumented mouthguards (iMGs).Methods: A total of 91 men's professional rugby league players participating in the 2023 Super League season wore iMGs, resulting in the collection of 775 player matches (mean 8.3 matches per player). Incidence of HAEs (rate of HAEs per median playing time) was calculated via generalised linear mixed models. Probability of HAEs (likelihood of experiencing an HAE during a tackle-event) was calculated using an ordinal mixed effects regression model.Results: The mean incidence of HAEs exceeding 25 g per median playing time ranged from 0.86-1.88 for back positions and 1.83-2.02 for forward positions. The probability of exceeding 25 g during a tackle event was higher for ball-carriers (6.29%, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.27-7.58) than tacklers (4.26%, 95% CI 3.48-5.26). Several players exhibited considerably higher incidence and probability than others, e.g. one player averaged 5.02 HAEs exceeding 25 g per median playing time and another had a probability of 20.00% of exceeding 25 g during a tackle event as a ball-carrier and 34.78% as a tackler.Conclusions: This study quantifies the incidence and probability of HAEs in men's rugby league match-play, advancing our understanding of HAE exposure in men's rugby league. These findings support the development of individualised HAE mitigation strategies targeted at individuals with elevated HAE exposures.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2879-2890"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12559052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on: "Sports Dietitians Australia and Ultra Sports Science Foundation Joint Position Statement: A Practitioner Guide to the Prevention and Management of Exercise-Associated Gastrointestinal Perturbations and Symptoms". 评论：“澳大利亚运动营养师和超级运动科学基金会联合立场声明：预防和管理运动相关胃肠道紊乱和症状的执业指南”。

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02274-7

Grégoire P Millet, Antoine Raberin, Bastien Krumm

引用次数: 0

Acknowledgement to Referees and the Editorial Board 向审稿人和编辑委员会致谢

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02343-x

引用次数: 0

Correction: Benchmarking the Physical Performance Qualities in Women’s Football: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Across the Performance Scale 修正：女子足球运动身体表现质量的标杆化：一项跨表现量表的系统回顾和元分析

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02337-9

Heidi R. Compton, Ric Lovell, Dawn Scott, Jo Clubb, Tzlil Shushan

引用次数: 0

Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Athletes' Balance Ability: A Meta-Analysis. 神经肌肉训练对运动员平衡能力的影响：meta分析。

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02335-x

Kexin Shi,Mai Xiang,Haiwang Shi,Rui Duan

BACKGROUNDBalance ability is a critical component of athletic performance and injury prevention. Neuromuscular training has been increasingly recognized as an effective intervention to enhance balance, but its overall efficacy remains unclear.OBJECTIVETo conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the effects of neuromuscular training on athletes' balance ability, providing a theoretical basis for coaches and athletes to develop innovative strategies for balance ability.METHODSThe research project adhered to the PRISMA guidelines, with the study protocol registered in PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD42023433674). We conducted a comprehensive literature search using several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), up to 23 August 2024. EndNote software was utilized for literature management, while RevMan Manager 5.4 software performed statistical analyses using a random-effects model for outcome indicators related to balance ability. Meta-regression was conducted to evaluate results based on intervention duration, sex, and age. Funnel plots assessed publication bias alongside Egger's and Begg's tests.RESULTSAfter two rounds of screening, 13 studies were included from 7254 articles obtained from multiple databases-comprising 12 studies on dynamic balance and five studies on static balance. Each participant underwent outcome prior to and after the training intervention. The pooled analysis indicated that neuromuscular training significantly improved overall balance ability compared to traditional training (SMD 1.47, 95% CI 0.78-2.16, p < 0.0001). Neuromuscular training also demonstrated significant advantages in both static balance (SMD 1.90, 95% CI 0.24-3.57) and dynamic balance (SMD 1.30, 95% CI 0.54-2.05).CONCLUSIONNeuromuscular training effectively enhances athletes' balance abilities, which has the potential to improve athletic performance and reduce injuries.

平衡能力是运动表现和伤害预防的关键组成部分。神经肌肉训练已被越来越多地认为是一种有效的干预措施，以提高平衡，但其整体效果尚不清楚。目的通过meta分析评价神经肌肉训练对运动员平衡能力的影响，为教练员和运动员制定创新的平衡能力策略提供理论依据。方法本研究项目遵循PRISMA指南，研究方案在PROSPERO注册（注册ID: CRD42023433674）。我们使用PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网（CNKI）和中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）等数据库进行了全面的文献检索，检索时间截止到2024年8月23日。采用EndNote软件进行文献管理，RevMan Manager 5.4软件采用随机效应模型对平衡能力相关结局指标进行统计分析。基于干预时间、性别和年龄进行meta回归评价结果。漏斗图与Egger和Begg的检验一起评估了发表偏倚。结果经过两轮筛选，从多个数据库中获得的7254篇文章中纳入13项研究，其中12项研究涉及动态平衡，5项研究涉及静态平衡。每位参与者在训练干预之前和之后都进行了结果评估。合并分析表明，与传统训练相比，神经肌肉训练显著提高了整体平衡能力（SMD为1.47,95% CI为0.78-2.16,p < 0.0001）。神经肌肉训练在静态平衡（SMD 1.90, 95% CI 0.24-3.57）和动态平衡（SMD 1.30, 95% CI 0.54-2.05）方面也显示出显著的优势。结论神经肌肉训练能有效提高运动员的平衡能力，具有提高运动成绩和减少损伤的潜力。

{"title":"Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Athletes' Balance Ability: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kexin Shi,Mai Xiang,Haiwang Shi,Rui Duan","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02335-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02335-x","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDBalance ability is a critical component of athletic performance and injury prevention. Neuromuscular training has been increasingly recognized as an effective intervention to enhance balance, but its overall efficacy remains unclear.OBJECTIVETo conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the effects of neuromuscular training on athletes' balance ability, providing a theoretical basis for coaches and athletes to develop innovative strategies for balance ability.METHODSThe research project adhered to the PRISMA guidelines, with the study protocol registered in PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD42023433674). We conducted a comprehensive literature search using several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), up to 23 August 2024. EndNote software was utilized for literature management, while RevMan Manager 5.4 software performed statistical analyses using a random-effects model for outcome indicators related to balance ability. Meta-regression was conducted to evaluate results based on intervention duration, sex, and age. Funnel plots assessed publication bias alongside Egger's and Begg's tests.RESULTSAfter two rounds of screening, 13 studies were included from 7254 articles obtained from multiple databases-comprising 12 studies on dynamic balance and five studies on static balance. Each participant underwent outcome prior to and after the training intervention. The pooled analysis indicated that neuromuscular training significantly improved overall balance ability compared to traditional training (SMD 1.47, 95% CI 0.78-2.16, p < 0.0001). Neuromuscular training also demonstrated significant advantages in both static balance (SMD 1.90, 95% CI 0.24-3.57) and dynamic balance (SMD 1.30, 95% CI 0.54-2.05).CONCLUSIONNeuromuscular training effectively enhances athletes' balance abilities, which has the potential to improve athletic performance and reduce injuries.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145373887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Periodizing Exercise Medicine Prescription for Patients with Cancer: A Narrative Opinion. 癌症患者分期运动药物处方的叙述观点。

IF 9.8 1区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-025-02311-5

Francesco Bettariga,Robert U Newton,Chris Bishop,Luca Maestroni,Anita Borsati,Alice Avancini,Sara Pilotto,Dennis R Taaffe,Daniel A Galvão,G Gregory Haff

Exercise has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy in cancer management. Long-term supervised exercise programs, including resistance training and aerobic training, can improve body composition and physical fitness, modulate circulating factors (e.g., hormones, cytokines), enhance treatment tolerance, and reduce side effects, potentially influencing cancer progression and reducing mortality risk. Despite advancements in exercise oncology, opportunities remain to refine exercise prescription through the integration of advanced methodologies such as periodization and autoregulatory programming strategies. Periodization, a systematic approach to organizing training over time, has demonstrated benefits in general fitness and clinical populations but is underexplored in cancer care. Emerging evidence suggests periodized exercise programs may enhance physical fitness (e.g., muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness) while mitigating treatment-related side effects (e.g., fatigue, loss of bone mineral density). Here, we examine the mechanisms underlying the benefits of periodization in exercise oncology and propose an updated framework for its implementation across the cancer continuum (e.g., neo-adjuvant, adjuvant, survivorship). Incorporating parallel or emphasis periodized models tailored to individual needs may optimize outcomes. These models of periodization and the use of autoregulatory programming strategies allow exercise intensity and volume to be modulated in response to patients' symptoms and fatigue, ensuring safety and adherence, while aligning with the goals established by the periodized training plan. Ultimately, future research should explore complementary strategies such as nutrition and psychological periodization. By adopting a holistic and individualized approach, clinicians can improve the effectiveness of exercise interventions and ultimately enhance the quality of life for patients with cancer.

运动已经成为癌症管理中一种有效的治疗策略。长期有监督的运动计划，包括抗阻训练和有氧训练，可以改善身体成分和身体健康，调节循环因子（如激素、细胞因子），增强治疗耐受性，减少副作用，潜在地影响癌症进展和降低死亡风险。尽管运动肿瘤学取得了进步，但通过整合先进的方法（如周期化和自动调节编程策略）来改进运动处方的机会仍然存在。分期训练是一种组织训练的系统方法，已证明在一般健康和临床人群中有益，但在癌症治疗中尚未得到充分探索。新出现的证据表明，定期锻炼计划可以增强身体健康（例如，肌肉力量和心肺健康），同时减轻治疗相关的副作用（例如，疲劳，骨密度损失）。在这里，我们研究了运动肿瘤学中分期治疗益处的机制，并提出了一个更新的框架，用于在癌症连续体中实施分期治疗（例如，新辅助、辅助、生存期）。结合针对个人需求的并行或重点周期模型可以优化结果。这些周期化模型和自动调节编程策略的使用允许根据患者的症状和疲劳调节运动强度和量，确保安全性和依从性，同时与周期化训练计划建立的目标保持一致。最终，未来的研究应探索补充策略，如营养和心理分期。通过采用整体和个性化的方法，临床医生可以提高运动干预的有效性，并最终提高癌症患者的生活质量。

{"title":"Periodizing Exercise Medicine Prescription for Patients with Cancer: A Narrative Opinion.","authors":"Francesco Bettariga,Robert U Newton,Chris Bishop,Luca Maestroni,Anita Borsati,Alice Avancini,Sara Pilotto,Dennis R Taaffe,Daniel A Galvão,G Gregory Haff","doi":"10.1007/s40279-025-02311-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02311-5","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy in cancer management. Long-term supervised exercise programs, including resistance training and aerobic training, can improve body composition and physical fitness, modulate circulating factors (e.g., hormones, cytokines), enhance treatment tolerance, and reduce side effects, potentially influencing cancer progression and reducing mortality risk. Despite advancements in exercise oncology, opportunities remain to refine exercise prescription through the integration of advanced methodologies such as periodization and autoregulatory programming strategies. Periodization, a systematic approach to organizing training over time, has demonstrated benefits in general fitness and clinical populations but is underexplored in cancer care. Emerging evidence suggests periodized exercise programs may enhance physical fitness (e.g., muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness) while mitigating treatment-related side effects (e.g., fatigue, loss of bone mineral density). Here, we examine the mechanisms underlying the benefits of periodization in exercise oncology and propose an updated framework for its implementation across the cancer continuum (e.g., neo-adjuvant, adjuvant, survivorship). Incorporating parallel or emphasis periodized models tailored to individual needs may optimize outcomes. These models of periodization and the use of autoregulatory programming strategies allow exercise intensity and volume to be modulated in response to patients' symptoms and fatigue, ensuring safety and adherence, while aligning with the goals established by the periodized training plan. Ultimately, future research should explore complementary strategies such as nutrition and psychological periodization. By adopting a holistic and individualized approach, clinicians can improve the effectiveness of exercise interventions and ultimately enhance the quality of life for patients with cancer.","PeriodicalId":21969,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0