Renjie Hu, Ran Li, Limin Wang, Sanduo Li, Hanshu Chu, Lu Zhang, Li Qin, Qinghua Sun, Cuiqing Liu
The rising prevalence of metabolic diseases represents a global health challenge, among which metabolically unhealthy normal-weight individuals constitute a largely ignored subgroup. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which contains substantial nanoscale particulate matter, is a recognized extrinsic environmental trigger of metabolic disorders in both obese and nonobese situations, whereas the loss of plasticity in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) is a critical intrinsic pathological feature of metabolic diseases. However, the long-term metabolic effects of maternal PM2.5 exposure on nonobese offspring, particularly in iWAT plasticity, and underlying cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we revealed that maternal PM2.5 exposure induced insulin resistance in middle-aged male mouse offspring and identified iWAT as a susceptible adipose depot with impaired plasticity, which is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic dysfunction. Using single-cell RNA sequencing on iWAT from middle-aged male mouse offspring, we found that maternal PM2.5 exposure altered the fate decisions of adipose-derived stem cells from adipogenesis to fibrosis through increasing CD142+ adipogenesis-regulatory cell expansion and inducing fibrogenesis in DPP4+ adipose stem cells. Mechanistically, maternal PM2.5 exposure induced IgG production from plasma cells, which promoted fibrogenesis in DPP4+ adipose stem cells by activating macrophages. This process was further exacerbated by monocyte- and macrophage-mediated inflammation. Finally, maternal PM2.5 exposure induced endothelial cell heterogeneity shifts and dysfunction, facilitating immune cell recruitment and naïve B cell differentiation into plasma cells, ultimately initiating IgG-triggered plasticity impairment. This study provided insights into the adverse effects of maternal exposure to environmental pollution on the metabolic health of offspring at single-cell resolution.
{"title":"Maternal Fine Particulate Matter Exposure Impairs Inguinal White Adipose Tissue Plasticity in Middle-Aged Male Mouse Offspring.","authors":"Renjie Hu, Ran Li, Limin Wang, Sanduo Li, Hanshu Chu, Lu Zhang, Li Qin, Qinghua Sun, Cuiqing Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c18921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c18921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising prevalence of metabolic diseases represents a global health challenge, among which metabolically unhealthy normal-weight individuals constitute a largely ignored subgroup. Fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), which contains substantial nanoscale particulate matter, is a recognized extrinsic environmental trigger of metabolic disorders in both obese and nonobese situations, whereas the loss of plasticity in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) is a critical intrinsic pathological feature of metabolic diseases. However, the long-term metabolic effects of maternal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure on nonobese offspring, particularly in iWAT plasticity, and underlying cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we revealed that maternal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure induced insulin resistance in middle-aged male mouse offspring and identified iWAT as a susceptible adipose depot with impaired plasticity, which is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic dysfunction. Using single-cell RNA sequencing on iWAT from middle-aged male mouse offspring, we found that maternal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure altered the fate decisions of adipose-derived stem cells from adipogenesis to fibrosis through increasing CD142<sup>+</sup> adipogenesis-regulatory cell expansion and inducing fibrogenesis in DPP4<sup>+</sup> adipose stem cells. Mechanistically, maternal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure induced IgG production from plasma cells, which promoted fibrogenesis in DPP4<sup>+</sup> adipose stem cells by activating macrophages. This process was further exacerbated by monocyte- and macrophage-mediated inflammation. Finally, maternal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure induced endothelial cell heterogeneity shifts and dysfunction, facilitating immune cell recruitment and naïve B cell differentiation into plasma cells, ultimately initiating IgG-triggered plasticity impairment. This study provided insights into the adverse effects of maternal exposure to environmental pollution on the metabolic health of offspring at single-cell resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanner Henson, Alessandra Arizzi, Conary Meyer, David Wang, Neona M. Lowe, Yongheng Wang, Keerthana Ananda, Randy P. Carney, Aijun Wang, Cheemeng Tan
The many surface proteins on extracellular vesicles (EVs) allow them to target recipient cells and modulate cellular responses. Despite their importance, relating surface protein and EV function is challenging due to surface protein heterogeneity. Here, we create a bottom-up, cell-free protein-synthesis platform to engineer artificial nanovesicles (ANVs) that display different EV surface protein domains. The platform is termed VESSEL (Vesicle Engineering Systems using Synthetic Expression and Loading). The surface proteins are selected based on proteomics data of native EVs from placental mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs). To create VESSEL, we establish a protein anchor based on the bacteria membrane protein Aquaporin-Z. This anchor allows the flexible and cell-free protein synthesis of 39 different EV surface protein domains, each anchoring into more than 108 ANVs per μL. Furthermore, we measure the ANVs using high-fidelity assays, including single-ANV flow cytometry, super-resolution imaging, and vesicle-based ELISA. Next, we show the impact of each EV surface protein on cellular uptake. Specifically, we find that certain EV surface protein domains govern ANV uptake into HEK293FT cells, explaining the variable observations in the field. We discovered new proteins, such as CADM1 and NPTN, that mediate high-efficiency cellular uptake. Additionally, five proteins were selected for our neuroprotection assay, where three proteins were significant in increasing SH-SY5Y neurite growth. Our work demonstrates a high-throughput cell-free synthesis platform for studying surface proteins of EVs. It enables the systematic interrogation of EV’s function as “signalosomes” and facilitates the designing of well-defined EV mimetics to mediate cellular function.
{"title":"Prototyping Minimal Extracellular Vesicle Mimetics Using Cell-Free Synthesis","authors":"Tanner Henson, Alessandra Arizzi, Conary Meyer, David Wang, Neona M. Lowe, Yongheng Wang, Keerthana Ananda, Randy P. Carney, Aijun Wang, Cheemeng Tan","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c05047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05047","url":null,"abstract":"The many surface proteins on extracellular vesicles (EVs) allow them to target recipient cells and modulate cellular responses. Despite their importance, relating surface protein and EV function is challenging due to surface protein heterogeneity. Here, we create a bottom-up, cell-free protein-synthesis platform to engineer artificial nanovesicles (ANVs) that display different EV surface protein domains. The platform is termed VESSEL (<u>V</u>esicle <u>E</u>ngineering <u>S</u>ystems using <u>S</u>ynthetic <u>E</u>xpression and <u>L</u>oading). The surface proteins are selected based on proteomics data of native EVs from placental mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs). To create VESSEL, we establish a protein anchor based on the bacteria membrane protein Aquaporin-Z. This anchor allows the flexible and cell-free protein synthesis of 39 different EV surface protein domains, each anchoring into more than 10<sup>8</sup> ANVs per μL. Furthermore, we measure the ANVs using high-fidelity assays, including single-ANV flow cytometry, super-resolution imaging, and vesicle-based ELISA. Next, we show the impact of each EV surface protein on cellular uptake. Specifically, we find that certain EV surface protein domains govern ANV uptake into HEK293FT cells, explaining the variable observations in the field. We discovered new proteins, such as CADM1 and NPTN, that mediate high-efficiency cellular uptake. Additionally, five proteins were selected for our neuroprotection assay, where three proteins were significant in increasing SH-SY5Y neurite growth. Our work demonstrates a high-throughput cell-free synthesis platform for studying surface proteins of EVs. It enables the systematic interrogation of EV’s function as “signalosomes” and facilitates the designing of well-defined EV mimetics to mediate cellular function.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anqi Zheng, Yujia Gong, Di Liu, Ke He, Yuting Zhang, Tingzhi Wang, Yuan Kai, Pujian Lin, Lewei Lyu, Xuelei Liang, Yu Cao, Youfan Hu, Lian-Mao Peng, Jiahao Kang
Direct-view micro-light-emitting-diode (micro-LED) displays demand thin-film transistors (TFTs) that offer high driving current together with low-temperature and scalable fabrication. Semiconducting carbon nanotube TFTs (CNT-TFTs) are promising candidates due to their driving capability and simple process. However, the large-area heterogeneous integration of carbon and compound semiconductor devices with panel-compatible processes remains a major challenge. Here, we address this by demonstrating a direct-view micro-LED display driven by glass-substrate CNT-TFT backplanes. The prototype features a 1.68 in. panel with 117 600 micro-LEDs, achieving a pixel density of 300 PPI, setting a benchmark in both size and resolution for micro-LED displays using low-dimensional semiconductor TFTs. To realize this, a CNT backplane technology processed within 250 °C on 4 in. glass was developed, incorporating an etch-stop layer (ESL) technique to ensure uniformity and manufacturing compatibility. Through a nitrogen annealing process that passivates both interface and bulk charge traps, combined with a yttrium oxide (Y2O3) interlayer, the driving and switching capability was significantly enhanced, achieving a field-effect mobility of 30.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 and on/off ratio of 1.09 × 107 at 16 μm channel length. This work establishes a scalable approach for large-area, high-pixel-density direct-view micro-LED panels enabled by carbon electronics for next-generation display applications.
{"title":"Wafer-Scale Heterogeneous Integration of High-Resolution Micro-LED Displays with Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors.","authors":"Anqi Zheng, Yujia Gong, Di Liu, Ke He, Yuting Zhang, Tingzhi Wang, Yuan Kai, Pujian Lin, Lewei Lyu, Xuelei Liang, Yu Cao, Youfan Hu, Lian-Mao Peng, Jiahao Kang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c21492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c21492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct-view micro-light-emitting-diode (micro-LED) displays demand thin-film transistors (TFTs) that offer high driving current together with low-temperature and scalable fabrication. Semiconducting carbon nanotube TFTs (CNT-TFTs) are promising candidates due to their driving capability and simple process. However, the large-area heterogeneous integration of carbon and compound semiconductor devices with panel-compatible processes remains a major challenge. Here, we address this by demonstrating a direct-view micro-LED display driven by glass-substrate CNT-TFT backplanes. The prototype features a 1.68 in. panel with 117 600 micro-LEDs, achieving a pixel density of 300 PPI, setting a benchmark in both size and resolution for micro-LED displays using low-dimensional semiconductor TFTs. To realize this, a CNT backplane technology processed within 250 °C on 4 in. glass was developed, incorporating an etch-stop layer (ESL) technique to ensure uniformity and manufacturing compatibility. Through a nitrogen annealing process that passivates both interface and bulk charge traps, combined with a yttrium oxide (Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) interlayer, the driving and switching capability was significantly enhanced, achieving a field-effect mobility of 30.1 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> and on/off ratio of 1.09 × 10<sup>7</sup> at 16 μm channel length. This work establishes a scalable approach for large-area, high-pixel-density direct-view micro-LED panels enabled by carbon electronics for next-generation display applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sang Jae Park, Sang-Yeop Lee, Yong Min Kim, Jungmin Kang, Jae Kwon Seo, Young-Jun Kim, Jongsoon Kim, Ki Jae Kim
Growing concerns over lithium cost and supply limitations have led to increasing interest in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, hard carbon (HC) anodes suffer from low initial Coulombic efficiency due to irreversible sodium loss during the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase and ion trapping, which reduces the useable capacity in full-cell systems. Various sacrificial sodium sources have been investigated, but many generate gas, react with moisture, or degrade the cathode when they are mixed directly with it. In this study, we present a presodiation strategy based on a MnO@NaF composite (MNC) coated onto the cathode-facing side of the separator (MNCS). They are inexpensive, stable in air, and compatible with standard electrode fabrication processes. The MNC releases additional sodium through NaF decomposition catalyzed by MnO with negligible gaseous byproducts. By placing the MNC on the separator rather than on the cathode, the design avoids unwanted reactions while improving sodium availability and ion transport. When applied to a full cell with an O3-type Na[Li0.05(Ni0.25Fe0.25Mn0.5)0.95]O2 cathode and HC anode, the MNCS increased the initial discharge capacity to 169.5 mAh g–1 and maintained 69.5% of its capacity after 200 cycles. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in improving the available energy density and long-term stability in SIBs.
对锂成本和供应限制的日益担忧导致对钠离子电池（sib）的兴趣日益增加。然而，硬碳（HC）阳极由于在固体电解质界面形成过程中不可逆的钠损失和离子捕获而导致初始库仑效率低，从而降低了全电池系统的可用容量。各种牺牲钠源已经被研究过，但是当它们直接与湿气混合时，许多会产生气体，与湿气反应，或者降解阴极。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种基于MnO@NaF复合材料（MNC）涂层到分离器（MNCS）的阴极侧的预沉淀策略。它们价格低廉，在空气中稳定，并且与标准电极制造工艺兼容。MNC通过MnO催化的NaF分解释放额外的钠，而气态副产物可以忽略不计。通过将MNC放置在分离器上而不是阴极上，该设计避免了不必要的反应，同时提高了钠的可用性和离子传输。当应用于o3型Na[Li0.05(Ni0.25Fe0.25Mn0.5)0.95]O2阴极和HC阳极时，MNCS将初始放电容量提高到169.5 mAh g-1，并在200次循环后保持69.5%的容量。这些结果证明了这种方法在提高sib的可用能量密度和长期稳定性方面的有效性。
{"title":"NaF@MnO-Based Sacrificial Cathode/Separator Composite for Boosting the Energy Density of Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Sang Jae Park, Sang-Yeop Lee, Yong Min Kim, Jungmin Kang, Jae Kwon Seo, Young-Jun Kim, Jongsoon Kim, Ki Jae Kim","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c16400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c16400","url":null,"abstract":"Growing concerns over lithium cost and supply limitations have led to increasing interest in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, hard carbon (HC) anodes suffer from low initial Coulombic efficiency due to irreversible sodium loss during the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase and ion trapping, which reduces the useable capacity in full-cell systems. Various sacrificial sodium sources have been investigated, but many generate gas, react with moisture, or degrade the cathode when they are mixed directly with it. In this study, we present a presodiation strategy based on a MnO@NaF composite (MNC) coated onto the cathode-facing side of the separator (MNCS). They are inexpensive, stable in air, and compatible with standard electrode fabrication processes. The MNC releases additional sodium through NaF decomposition catalyzed by MnO with negligible gaseous byproducts. By placing the MNC on the separator rather than on the cathode, the design avoids unwanted reactions while improving sodium availability and ion transport. When applied to a full cell with an O3-type Na[Li<sub>0.05</sub>(Ni<sub>0.25</sub>Fe<sub>0.25</sub>Mn<sub>0.5</sub>)<sub>0.95</sub>]O<sub>2</sub> cathode and HC anode, the MNCS increased the initial discharge capacity to 169.5 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> and maintained 69.5% of its capacity after 200 cycles. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in improving the available energy density and long-term stability in SIBs.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nie Zhang, Yanzhao Liu, Huihao Huang, Xiaokun Zhai, Fupeng Xiao, Fuqing Wang, Tingge Gao, Sheng Wang, Yan Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Xiaowei He
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are an interesting material for investigating strong light–matter coupling in the near-infrared and at room temperature due to their large exciton binding energies and stable emissions. In this work, using thin films of monochiral (6,5) SWCNTs as emitters, we study the strong light–matter coupling in three types of well-designed Fabry–Pérot microcavities with a gradual increase in the quality factor (Q factor) from ∼20 to ∼1000. We observe sharp polariton emissions in the near-infrared with a full width at half-maximum down to ∼1 meV. In the structure, exciton-like subradiant states resulting from the strong coupling manifest themselves through the relaxation dynamics of the exciton reservoir (ER). Our time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicate that the coherence of these states can be tuned by the Q factor, which enables a high ratio of bright excitons above ∼90% relative to that of the intrinsically dark excitons in SWCNTs. With increasing Q factor, we also show that the population transfer from the ER to the lower polaritons (LPs) can be systematically enhanced. Furthermore, our angle-resolved PL spectra show a narrow distribution of the polariton emission centered around the LP ground state, which is necessary to realize the polariton condensation. These results broaden our understanding of the photophysics of both the polaritonic and subradiant states in the strongly coupled SWCNT microcavity, which will be critical for further studies on the polariton condensation and the engineering of polaritonic devices based on SWCNTs.
{"title":"Exciton-Polariton Relaxation and Emission in Carbon Nanotube Microcavities with Varied Quality Factors","authors":"Nie Zhang, Yanzhao Liu, Huihao Huang, Xiaokun Zhai, Fupeng Xiao, Fuqing Wang, Tingge Gao, Sheng Wang, Yan Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Xiaowei He","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c20293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c20293","url":null,"abstract":"Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are an interesting material for investigating strong light–matter coupling in the near-infrared and at room temperature due to their large exciton binding energies and stable emissions. In this work, using thin films of monochiral (6,5) SWCNTs as emitters, we study the strong light–matter coupling in three types of well-designed Fabry–Pérot microcavities with a gradual increase in the quality factor (Q factor) from ∼20 to ∼1000. We observe sharp polariton emissions in the near-infrared with a full width at half-maximum down to ∼1 meV. In the structure, exciton-like subradiant states resulting from the strong coupling manifest themselves through the relaxation dynamics of the exciton reservoir (ER). Our time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicate that the coherence of these states can be tuned by the Q factor, which enables a high ratio of bright excitons above ∼90% relative to that of the intrinsically dark excitons in SWCNTs. With increasing Q factor, we also show that the population transfer from the ER to the lower polaritons (LPs) can be systematically enhanced. Furthermore, our angle-resolved PL spectra show a narrow distribution of the polariton emission centered around the LP ground state, which is necessary to realize the polariton condensation. These results broaden our understanding of the photophysics of both the polaritonic and subradiant states in the strongly coupled SWCNT microcavity, which will be critical for further studies on the polariton condensation and the engineering of polaritonic devices based on SWCNTs.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atomically thin high-entropy hydroxides (HEHs) hold great promise for energy and environmental catalysis, yet their controlled synthesis is hindered by two key challenges: (i) thermodynamic incompatibility in multication coprecipitation and (ii) limited thickness control during layered crystallization. Here, this study describes an approach to overcome these obstacles using a dissolution-mediated growth strategy based on the precise regulation of metal cation flux. Our approach leverages the ultrafast NaBH4-driven coreduction of mixed metal precursors, yielding metastable high-entropy boride (HEB) intermediates. Subsequent atmospheric oxidation gradually destabilizes the HEB lattice, facilitating the diffusion-controlled release of metal cations, which react in situ with hydroxide ions generated by NaBH4 hydrolysis to form atomically thin HEHs. The high-entropy effect endows the resulting HEHs with a defect-rich atomic architecture, rendering them efficient catalysts for polyester waste recycling. The FeCoNiCuZn-HEH-derived high-entropy metal oxides achieve 100% glycolytic recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a performance not matched by their low-entropy and medium-entropy counterparts synthesized via the same strategy. The versatile and highly effective synthesis approach presented here not only advances the fabrication of high-entropy materials but also underscores their significant potential for sustainable polymer upcycling.
{"title":"Dissolution-Mediated Synthesis of Atomically Thin High-Entropy Hydroxides for Efficient Polyester Glycolysis.","authors":"Zhongyu Li, Shun Zhang, Muhan Cao, Shengming Li, Xiangxi Lou, Haoyue Yang, Panpan Xu, Jinxing Chen, Qiao Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c18036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c18036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atomically thin high-entropy hydroxides (HEHs) hold great promise for energy and environmental catalysis, yet their controlled synthesis is hindered by two key challenges: (i) thermodynamic incompatibility in multication coprecipitation and (ii) limited thickness control during layered crystallization. Here, this study describes an approach to overcome these obstacles using a dissolution-mediated growth strategy based on the precise regulation of metal cation flux. Our approach leverages the ultrafast NaBH<sub>4</sub>-driven coreduction of mixed metal precursors, yielding metastable high-entropy boride (HEB) intermediates. Subsequent atmospheric oxidation gradually destabilizes the HEB lattice, facilitating the diffusion-controlled release of metal cations, which react in situ with hydroxide ions generated by NaBH<sub>4</sub> hydrolysis to form atomically thin HEHs. The high-entropy effect endows the resulting HEHs with a defect-rich atomic architecture, rendering them efficient catalysts for polyester waste recycling. The FeCoNiCuZn-HEH-derived high-entropy metal oxides achieve 100% glycolytic recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a performance not matched by their low-entropy and medium-entropy counterparts synthesized via the same strategy. The versatile and highly effective synthesis approach presented here not only advances the fabrication of high-entropy materials but also underscores their significant potential for sustainable polymer upcycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lu Tang, Qiaqia Xiao, Siying Chen, Chuying Wang, Mickel Mikhael, Zheming Niu, Linghui Wang, Cong Fu, Yi Hou, Guangda Zhu, Hening Liu, Yue Yin, Tongtong Wang, Jing Shang, Wei Wang
Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by excessive fat accumulation and chronic, low-grade inflammation, contributing to a range of associated diseases. Conventional treatments are often limited by poor targeting, low efficacy, and undesirable side effects. Natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory properties have attracted considerable attention due to their safety and multitarget mechanisms. Herein, we propose an effective antiobesity strategy involving the construction of a carrier-free nanodrug (CG NPs) via the self-assembly of two natural compounds, curcumin (Cur) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), both of which exhibit multiple antiobesity effects. To achieve efficient and targeted delivery, CG NPs are incorporated into a dissolvable microneedle coated with black phosphorus nanosheets (CG@BP/MN), forming a biocompatible transdermal platform. When combined with mild photothermal therapy, CG@BP/MN enables transdermal drug delivery to modulate subcutaneous fat, efficiently promoting white adipose tissue browning, enhancing lipolysis, and modulating macrophage polarization. Cur and GA act synergistically to regulate lipid metabolism, attenuate inflammation, and improve insulin sensitivity. In a diet-induced obesity mouse model, this therapeutic plan significantly reduces body weight, elevates energy expenditure, and prevents weight regain following treatment cessation. Overall, this therapeutic platform represents a safe, effective, and clinically promising approach to the long-term management of obesity.
{"title":"Natural Compound-Driven Nano-Self-Assembly for Multimechanistic Transdermal Antiobesity Therapy","authors":"Lu Tang, Qiaqia Xiao, Siying Chen, Chuying Wang, Mickel Mikhael, Zheming Niu, Linghui Wang, Cong Fu, Yi Hou, Guangda Zhu, Hening Liu, Yue Yin, Tongtong Wang, Jing Shang, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c20129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c20129","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by excessive fat accumulation and chronic, low-grade inflammation, contributing to a range of associated diseases. Conventional treatments are often limited by poor targeting, low efficacy, and undesirable side effects. Natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory properties have attracted considerable attention due to their safety and multitarget mechanisms. Herein, we propose an effective antiobesity strategy involving the construction of a carrier-free nanodrug (CG NPs) via the self-assembly of two natural compounds, curcumin (Cur) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), both of which exhibit multiple antiobesity effects. To achieve efficient and targeted delivery, CG NPs are incorporated into a dissolvable microneedle coated with black phosphorus nanosheets (CG@BP/MN), forming a biocompatible transdermal platform. When combined with mild photothermal therapy, CG@BP/MN enables transdermal drug delivery to modulate subcutaneous fat, efficiently promoting white adipose tissue browning, enhancing lipolysis, and modulating macrophage polarization. Cur and GA act synergistically to regulate lipid metabolism, attenuate inflammation, and improve insulin sensitivity. In a diet-induced obesity mouse model, this therapeutic plan significantly reduces body weight, elevates energy expenditure, and prevents weight regain following treatment cessation. Overall, this therapeutic platform represents a safe, effective, and clinically promising approach to the long-term management of obesity.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riad Hussain Rakib,Bharat Tandon,Gyorgy Jaics,Wilson Kagabo,Pavle V. Radovanovic
Plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals could enable internal coupling between the localized surface plasmon and exciton, laying the foundation for various photonic, optoelectronic, and quantum technologies. Although resonant coupling between plasmon and exciton has not been realized, the angular momentum generated by the cyclotron motion of plasmon-related free carriers in an external magnetic field allows for unipolar exciton polarization in degenerately doped semiconductor nanocrystals. However, exploitation of this nonresonant coupling for technological applications requires on-demand manipulation of the carrier angular momentum and the corresponding exciton polarization in a static magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate electrochemical tuning of the excitonic magneto-optical chirality in plasmonic ZnO nanocrystals via small external potentials. Using operando magnetic circular dichroism measurements of spectroelectrochemical cells fabricated from these nanocrystals, we show that energy and intensity of the excitonic magneto-optical signal are strongly dependent on the applied voltage. Our results suggest that only a few electrons injected in a sub-10 nm nanocrystal could lead to a detectable change in the exciton polarization, potentially allowing for single-carrier-induced quantum information processing and sensing in a static magnetic field at room temperature.
{"title":"Electrochemically Tunable Magneto-Optical Chirality Enables Dynamic Manipulation of Exciton Polarization in Plasmonic Semiconductor Nanocrystals","authors":"Riad Hussain Rakib,Bharat Tandon,Gyorgy Jaics,Wilson Kagabo,Pavle V. Radovanovic","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c16710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c16710","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals could enable internal coupling between the localized surface plasmon and exciton, laying the foundation for various photonic, optoelectronic, and quantum technologies. Although resonant coupling between plasmon and exciton has not been realized, the angular momentum generated by the cyclotron motion of plasmon-related free carriers in an external magnetic field allows for unipolar exciton polarization in degenerately doped semiconductor nanocrystals. However, exploitation of this nonresonant coupling for technological applications requires on-demand manipulation of the carrier angular momentum and the corresponding exciton polarization in a static magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate electrochemical tuning of the excitonic magneto-optical chirality in plasmonic ZnO nanocrystals via small external potentials. Using operando magnetic circular dichroism measurements of spectroelectrochemical cells fabricated from these nanocrystals, we show that energy and intensity of the excitonic magneto-optical signal are strongly dependent on the applied voltage. Our results suggest that only a few electrons injected in a sub-10 nm nanocrystal could lead to a detectable change in the exciton polarization, potentially allowing for single-carrier-induced quantum information processing and sensing in a static magnetic field at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitesh Amin,Farwa Awan,Michael W. Swift,William Girten,Sean W. O’Neill,Steven C. Erwin,Alexander L. Efros,Todd D. Krauss
Dopants in semiconductor nanostructures offer tremendous control over electronic, optical, and magnetic properties beyond what is achievable in bulk materials. We demonstrate that the broad dopant emission in semiconductor nanoplatelets effectively maps the electron wave function across the nanoplatelet thickness. Both the emission energy and lifetime of the dopant transition depend strongly on the depth of the dopant within the nanoplatelet. This dependence arises from the electrostatic self-interaction of the charged dopant, which varies with proximity to the dielectric discontinuity at the nanoplatelet surface. Through comprehensive single-particle spectroscopy of silver-doped CdSe nanoplatelets, we verify that acceptors near the center emit at higher energies with shorter lifetimes, while those near the surface emit at lower energies with longer lifetimes. This spatial mapping also reveals unusual two-color emission from individual nanoplatelets, with enhanced Auger recombination yielding exceptional photon antibunching (>90% purity) at room temperature, suggesting potential applications in quantum information technologies.
{"title":"Depth-Dependent Emission from Silver Dopants in Single CdSe Nanoplatelets","authors":"Mitesh Amin,Farwa Awan,Michael W. Swift,William Girten,Sean W. O’Neill,Steven C. Erwin,Alexander L. Efros,Todd D. Krauss","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c11745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c11745","url":null,"abstract":"Dopants in semiconductor nanostructures offer tremendous control over electronic, optical, and magnetic properties beyond what is achievable in bulk materials. We demonstrate that the broad dopant emission in semiconductor nanoplatelets effectively maps the electron wave function across the nanoplatelet thickness. Both the emission energy and lifetime of the dopant transition depend strongly on the depth of the dopant within the nanoplatelet. This dependence arises from the electrostatic self-interaction of the charged dopant, which varies with proximity to the dielectric discontinuity at the nanoplatelet surface. Through comprehensive single-particle spectroscopy of silver-doped CdSe nanoplatelets, we verify that acceptors near the center emit at higher energies with shorter lifetimes, while those near the surface emit at lower energies with longer lifetimes. This spatial mapping also reveals unusual two-color emission from individual nanoplatelets, with enhanced Auger recombination yielding exceptional photon antibunching (>90% purity) at room temperature, suggesting potential applications in quantum information technologies.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neuropathological condition. Currently, there is an urgent need for highly effective therapies for SCI treatment. Here we developed a multifunctional hydrogel therapy (LPPXN), by rationally integrating pharmacologically active nanomicelles into hydrogels composed of noncovalently cross-linked nanoparticles that are self-assembled by a functionalized amphiphilic triblock polymer. LPPXN exhibits temperature-responsive gelation, high strength, favorable bioadhesive properties, and excellent shear-thinning and self-healing capabilities under pathological conditions. Following local injection, LPPXN can be sustained for over one month. Therapeutically, LPPXN significantly improved the structural integrity of injured spinal cords and promoted function recovery in a mouse model of SCI. Furthermore, LPPXN demonstrated beneficial therapeutic effects in mice with SCI combined with ischemia-reperfusion injury, a model closely replicating real-world scenarios. Mechanistically, LPPXN treatment promoted neuroprotective astrocyte polarization and structured network assembly at the SCI lesion site, while reconstructing a regenerative niche to enhance neural preservation and protection. This multifaceted efficacy was primarily mediated through suppressing oxidative/inflammatory cascades, inducing anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages and microglia, and modulating the CCL2/CCL5-JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Notably, LPPXN showed excellent tissue biocompatibility in the spinal cord. Accordingly, LPPXN warrants further development as a promising therapeutic option for SCI and other nerve injury-associated diseases.
{"title":"Nanoparticle-Assembled Multifaceted Hydrogel Therapy Promotes Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury","authors":"Yan Wang,Yang Huang,Wenkai Wang,Min Zhou,Xiaoting Wang,Yong Tang,Wei Chen,Siheng Du,Wendan Pu,Yang Li,Qingshan Guo,Peng Wu,Jianxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c21336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c21336","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neuropathological condition. Currently, there is an urgent need for highly effective therapies for SCI treatment. Here we developed a multifunctional hydrogel therapy (LPPXN), by rationally integrating pharmacologically active nanomicelles into hydrogels composed of noncovalently cross-linked nanoparticles that are self-assembled by a functionalized amphiphilic triblock polymer. LPPXN exhibits temperature-responsive gelation, high strength, favorable bioadhesive properties, and excellent shear-thinning and self-healing capabilities under pathological conditions. Following local injection, LPPXN can be sustained for over one month. Therapeutically, LPPXN significantly improved the structural integrity of injured spinal cords and promoted function recovery in a mouse model of SCI. Furthermore, LPPXN demonstrated beneficial therapeutic effects in mice with SCI combined with ischemia-reperfusion injury, a model closely replicating real-world scenarios. Mechanistically, LPPXN treatment promoted neuroprotective astrocyte polarization and structured network assembly at the SCI lesion site, while reconstructing a regenerative niche to enhance neural preservation and protection. This multifaceted efficacy was primarily mediated through suppressing oxidative/inflammatory cascades, inducing anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages and microglia, and modulating the CCL2/CCL5-JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Notably, LPPXN showed excellent tissue biocompatibility in the spinal cord. Accordingly, LPPXN warrants further development as a promising therapeutic option for SCI and other nerve injury-associated diseases.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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