The objective of this study is to examine the role of risk factors for elderly employment of entrepreneurs. Mediating role of human capital was also examined between risky factors and elderly employment of entrepreneurs. The questionnaire was applied in this study for data collection. Therefore, the current study is based on cross-sectional research using quantitative approach. Respondents of the study are the old age entrepreneurs. Therefore, data were collected from the elderly employed entrepreneurs. Questionnaires were distributed with the help of simple random sampling technique. Finally, data were gathered in excel sheet and a statistical software was used for data analysis. Partial Least Square (PLS) was applied in this study for data analysis. Finally, findings of the study show that there are various risky factors which effect on the elderly employment of entrepreneurs. These risky factors include decision making ability, investment behavior and resource allocation. These three factors have influence on human capital and elderly employment of entrepreneurs.
{"title":"Effect Of Risks On Elderly Employment Of Entrepreneurs: Mediating Role Of Human Capital In Thailand","authors":"Wijittra Srisorn","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.3.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.3.87","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to examine the role of risk factors for elderly employment of entrepreneurs. Mediating role of human capital was also examined between risky factors and elderly employment of entrepreneurs. The questionnaire was applied in this study for data collection. Therefore, the current study is based on cross-sectional research using quantitative approach. Respondents of the study are the old age entrepreneurs. Therefore, data were collected from the elderly employed entrepreneurs. Questionnaires were distributed with the help of simple random sampling technique. Finally, data were gathered in excel sheet and a statistical software was used for data analysis. Partial Least Square (PLS) was applied in this study for data analysis. Finally, findings of the study show that there are various risky factors which effect on the elderly employment of entrepreneurs. These risky factors include decision making ability, investment behavior and resource allocation. These three factors have influence on human capital and elderly employment of entrepreneurs.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"98 1","pages":"611-619"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77492361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Behnam Mahmodiyeh, A. Kamali, Nadar Zarinfar, Marziyeh Mohammadi Joushani
Background and Aim: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the main problems of intubated patients in the intensive care unit. the antibacterial endotracheal tube ara capable of reducing VAP via stopping bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Therefore, in this study, the effects of silver-coated endotracheal tube on the incidence of VAP were investigated. Materials and Methods: In a single-blind clinical trial study, 108 patients in need of intubation were selected and divided into two intervention groups (antibacterial endotracheal tube) and control (standard non-coated endotracheal tube). Demographic information, secretion volume and shape, leukocytosis, decreased oxygen saturation, fever were recorded for all patients and compared in the two intervention groups. Results: The mean age (±SEM) in the intervention and control groups was 42.93 (±1.42) and 47.86 (±2.08) years, respectively. Furthermore, the incidence of VAP in the intervention and control groups was 5 (±1.8) and 8.5 (±2.1) days, respectively. Patients receiving a antibacterial endotracheal tube had a significantly reduction in the volume of secretions (P = 0.0027), incidence of purulent secretions (P = 0.04), fever (P = 0.019), leukocytosis (P = 0.0006), culture positive (P = 0.0001), and the onset of VAP symptoms (P = 0.001). The incidence of VAP in the intervention and control groups was 18% and 26%, respectively, and the antibacterial endotracheal tube significantly reduced the incidence of VAP (P = 0.0003). Conclusion: Silver-coated endotracheal tube?? has a more effective role in improving the prognosis of intubated patients admitted to the ICU when comparing with standard non-coated endotracheal tube.
{"title":"The Effect Of Silver-Coated Endotracheal Tube On The Incidence Of Ventilator-Induced Pneumonia In Intubated Patients Admitted To The Intensive Care Unit (ICU)","authors":"Behnam Mahmodiyeh, A. Kamali, Nadar Zarinfar, Marziyeh Mohammadi Joushani","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.3.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.3.41","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the main problems of intubated patients in the intensive care unit. the antibacterial endotracheal tube ara capable of reducing VAP via stopping bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Therefore, in this study, the effects of silver-coated endotracheal tube on the incidence of VAP were investigated. Materials and Methods: In a single-blind clinical trial study, 108 patients in need of intubation were selected and divided into two intervention groups (antibacterial endotracheal tube) and control (standard non-coated endotracheal tube). Demographic information, secretion volume and shape, leukocytosis, decreased oxygen saturation, fever were recorded for all patients and compared in the two intervention groups. Results: The mean age (±SEM) in the intervention and control groups was 42.93 (±1.42) and 47.86 (±2.08) years, respectively. Furthermore, the incidence of VAP in the intervention and control groups was 5 (±1.8) and 8.5 (±2.1) days, respectively. Patients receiving a antibacterial endotracheal tube had a significantly reduction in the volume of secretions (P = 0.0027), incidence of purulent secretions (P = 0.04), fever (P = 0.019), leukocytosis (P = 0.0006), culture positive (P = 0.0001), and the onset of VAP symptoms (P = 0.001). The incidence of VAP in the intervention and control groups was 18% and 26%, respectively, and the antibacterial endotracheal tube significantly reduced the incidence of VAP (P = 0.0003). Conclusion: Silver-coated endotracheal tube?? has a more effective role in improving the prognosis of intubated patients admitted to the ICU when comparing with standard non-coated endotracheal tube.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"721 1","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76914783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pandemic of Covid-19 has radically changed the learning systems among higher educational institutions, especially in Indonesia. Before the Pandemic, the learning activity is implemented face to face, and it suddenly turns into a distanced learning. The main objective of this research is to analyze the differences in the lecturers' and students' experiences in distanced education due to the Covid-19 pandemic. It employs a quantitative research design. Data are collected through a direct survey of the lecturers and students. The number of respondents is 123 lecturers, and 404 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data are analyzed by using two approaches, index categorization and difference test with Branded Response Model. The study results show that the distanced learning process is measured under three categories, and significant differences are found in the thesis supervising activity. It concludes that the supervision for the students' thesis cannot be implemented in the distance because it necessitates interactive communication and in-depth discussion. Be-sides, it also needs an emotional connection between the lecturer and the student. Therefore, the supervising process should be ideally implemented face to face. Meanwhile, differences in the lecturers' and students' experiences are not found in the learning and assessment activities. They can be easily conducted in distance or other approaches, including Blended Learning.
{"title":"Differences in the experience of lecturers and students on distance learning in higher education in Indonesia: case study in the pandemic of Covid-19","authors":"Abd. Malik Karim Amrullah Sutiah Ali Ridho Slamet","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.1.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.1.108","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic of Covid-19 has radically changed the learning systems among higher educational institutions, especially in Indonesia. Before the Pandemic, the learning activity is implemented face to face, and it suddenly turns into a distanced learning. The main objective of this research is to analyze the differences in the lecturers' and students' experiences in distanced education due to the Covid-19 pandemic. It employs a quantitative research design. Data are collected through a direct survey of the lecturers and students. The number of respondents is 123 lecturers, and 404 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data are analyzed by using two approaches, index categorization and difference test with Branded Response Model. The study results show that the distanced learning process is measured under three categories, and significant differences are found in the thesis supervising activity. It concludes that the supervision for the students' thesis cannot be implemented in the distance because it necessitates interactive communication and in-depth discussion. Be-sides, it also needs an emotional connection between the lecturer and the student. Therefore, the supervising process should be ideally implemented face to face. Meanwhile, differences in the lecturers' and students' experiences are not found in the learning and assessment activities. They can be easily conducted in distance or other approaches, including Blended Learning.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"43 1","pages":"742-747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79565198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Usama Shahid, Atique ur-Rehman, Awais Jamil, M. Faiz
Introduction: All around the world colorectal cancer is one of the third-highest cancer types with 17.3 % morbidity and an 8.3 % mortality rate. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the prognostic factors in colorectal cancer and survival analysis.
{"title":"Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Cancer and Survival Analysis","authors":"Usama Shahid, Atique ur-Rehman, Awais Jamil, M. Faiz","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: All around the world colorectal cancer is one of the third-highest cancer types with 17.3 % morbidity and an 8.3 % mortality rate. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the prognostic factors in colorectal cancer and survival analysis.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"229 1","pages":"193-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77574776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute inflammation of the intestines and stomach in infants and young children in the US. The rotavirus worldwide one of the main causes of death among children Most children develop at least one episode of infection with this virus until the age of 3 years. Objectives: This study aims to assess nurses knowledge towards rotavirus vaccine for children at primary health care centers. And also, to determine the association between nurses knowledge towards rotavirus vaccine and their demographic characteristics. Methodology: A descriptive study design using a systematic random sample of (N=112) nurse. This study is distributed according to the Babylon Health Directorate through three primary health care sectors. The total items that appear in the questionnaire are (42) objects. These objects are subdivided into sections of (5). Statistics was obtained by using the methodology of self-reporting by nurses and the questionnaire as a way of collecting data. Using the Description And Inferential Statistical Approach to analyze data. Results: Recent findings indicate the knowledge of nurses toward rotavirus vaccine for children. Finding reveals that the majority of (60.7%) were poor knowledge of nurses at primary health care centers in Babylon Governorate. The nurses age, years of experience in the immunization unit and training course have been significant relationship with their knowledge at p-value ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: Rotavirus in terms of knowledge, nurses were poor knowledge. Nurses years of experience in the immunization unit and training course plays an important role in their knowledge. Its needs to be employed intensive training courses related to immunization program to improve knowledge.
{"title":"Nurses Knowledge toward Rotavirus Vaccine for Children at Primary Health Care Centers in Babylon Governorate","authors":"N. Hamza, Abdulmahdi A. Hasan, N. Hindi","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.2.49","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute inflammation of the intestines and stomach in infants and young children in the US. The rotavirus worldwide one of the main causes of death among children Most children develop at least one episode of infection with this virus until the age of 3 years. Objectives: This study aims to assess nurses knowledge towards rotavirus vaccine for children at primary health care centers. And also, to determine the association between nurses knowledge towards rotavirus vaccine and their demographic characteristics. Methodology: A descriptive study design using a systematic random sample of (N=112) nurse. This study is distributed according to the Babylon Health Directorate through three primary health care sectors. The total items that appear in the questionnaire are (42) objects. These objects are subdivided into sections of (5). Statistics was obtained by using the methodology of self-reporting by nurses and the questionnaire as a way of collecting data. Using the Description And Inferential Statistical Approach to analyze data. Results: Recent findings indicate the knowledge of nurses toward rotavirus vaccine for children. Finding reveals that the majority of (60.7%) were poor knowledge of nurses at primary health care centers in Babylon Governorate. The nurses age, years of experience in the immunization unit and training course have been significant relationship with their knowledge at p-value ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: Rotavirus in terms of knowledge, nurses were poor knowledge. Nurses years of experience in the immunization unit and training course plays an important role in their knowledge. Its needs to be employed intensive training courses related to immunization program to improve knowledge.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"6 9","pages":"359-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91496222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Hadi, E. Saleh, M. H. A. Osami, Khulood Azeez Anber
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is arthritis that affects the spine cause inflammatory stiffening of it. The disease affects both cartilaginous joints of the spine and the sacroiliac joints. Ossification of ligaments and spinal fusion with a typical stooped posture has been shown when disease was developed. Tobacco smoking consist of a complex mixture of various agents had many toxic effects so it has a negative influence on spinal activity, functional ability and mobility in AS. The pathogenesis of AS is imprecise and possible of several pro-inflammatory cytokine formation is leading to many pathogenic consequences. The liver responsible for releasing several types of acute phase proteins (APP) containing the fetuin- A (FA) as counter-regulatory mechanism. Vitamin D (VD) is very important for bone health, and has also been linked with immune function and protection against cancer. This study was designed to clarify the impact tobacco smoking on serum fetuin A, vitamin D and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in Iraqi male with ankylosing spondylitis. Cross- sectional study was done in Baghdad Teaching Hospital/ Medical City from April to August 2016. The number of both AS and volunteers are seventy-eight; their mean age were (36.53 ± 8.46) and (33.04 ± 9.74) years respectively. All of them were classified into four groups depending on healthy status and tobacco smoke. Blood sample was drawn from vein of each participant to determine the above serum biomarkers by ELISA. The result showed not significant variations in measuring hemoglobin (HGB) but significant increase of white blood cells (WBCs), platelets count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR){P values list > 0.05, < 0.05, < 0.05 and
强直性脊柱炎(AS)是一种影响脊柱的关节炎，引起脊柱炎症性硬化。这种疾病影响脊柱的软骨关节和骶髂关节。当疾病发展时，韧带骨化和脊柱融合表现为典型的弯腰姿势。吸烟是多种物质的复杂混合物，具有多种毒性作用，因此对AS患者的脊柱活动、功能能力和活动能力有负面影响。AS的发病机制尚不明确，可能有几种促炎细胞因子的形成导致许多致病后果。肝脏负责释放几种含有胎儿素- A (FA)的急性期蛋白(APP)作为反调控机制。维生素D (VD)对骨骼健康非常重要，也与免疫功能和预防癌症有关。本研究旨在阐明吸烟对伊拉克男性强直性脊柱炎患者血清胎儿素A、维生素D和肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α)水平的影响。横断面研究于2016年4月至8月在巴格达教学医院/医学城进行。AS和志愿者的人数都是78人;平均年龄分别为(36.53±8.46)岁和(33.04±9.74)岁。所有这些人根据健康状况和吸烟情况被分为四组。每位参与者均抽取静脉血样，采用ELISA法测定上述血清生物标志物。结果显示血红蛋白(HGB)无显著变化，但白细胞(wbc)、血小板计数和红细胞沉降率(ESR)显著升高(P值分别为0.05、< 0.05、< 0.05和< 0.05)
{"title":"The relationship between smoking and ankylosing spondylitis on some serum biomarkers","authors":"H. Hadi, E. Saleh, M. H. A. Osami, Khulood Azeez Anber","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is arthritis that affects the spine cause inflammatory stiffening of it. The disease affects both cartilaginous joints of the spine and the sacroiliac joints. Ossification of ligaments and spinal fusion with a typical stooped posture has been shown when disease was developed. Tobacco smoking consist of a complex mixture of various agents had many toxic effects so it has a negative influence on spinal activity, functional ability and mobility in AS. The pathogenesis of AS is imprecise and possible of several pro-inflammatory cytokine formation is leading to many pathogenic consequences. The liver responsible for releasing several types of acute phase proteins (APP) containing the fetuin- A (FA) as counter-regulatory mechanism. Vitamin D (VD) is very important for bone health, and has also been linked with immune function and protection against cancer. This study was designed to clarify the impact tobacco smoking on serum fetuin A, vitamin D and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in Iraqi male with ankylosing spondylitis. Cross- sectional study was done in Baghdad Teaching Hospital/ Medical City from April to August 2016. The number of both AS and volunteers are seventy-eight; their mean age were (36.53 ± 8.46) and (33.04 ± 9.74) years respectively. All of them were classified into four groups depending on healthy status and tobacco smoke. Blood sample was drawn from vein of each participant to determine the above serum biomarkers by ELISA. The result showed not significant variations in measuring hemoglobin (HGB) but significant increase of white blood cells (WBCs), platelets count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR){P values list > 0.05, < 0.05, < 0.05 and","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"34 1","pages":"149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77093158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Glaucoma is a common neurodegenerative disease for which current therapies are often insufficient. The purpose of our investigation was to determine whether Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (OPCs), a type of neural stem cell, can protect Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) from glaucomatous damage in vivo. Methods: Intraocular pressure was chronically increased by trabecular laser treatment delivered unilaterally to adult rat eyes. OPCs were isolated in vitro and then transplanted intra vitreally either before, or concurrent with, injury induction. Results: Transplanted OPCs were found to survive within the eye for at least 12 weeks and to localize close to the RGCs. Moreover, OPCs significantly enhanced the survival of RGCs in the glaucomatous eye, but only when concomitantly activated by inflammation.. Amelioration of RGC death was not attributable to inflammation but relied on an interaction between inflammatory cells and OPCs. Engrafted cells also displayed multipotentiality in vivo.
{"title":"Reduction of Neuro degeneration in Glaucoma by Transplanted stems Cells Precursors","authors":"H. Tariq, A. Tariq, Uzma Yasmeen","doi":"10.51268/SRP.2021.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51268/SRP.2021.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glaucoma is a common neurodegenerative disease for which current therapies are often insufficient. The purpose of our investigation was to determine whether Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (OPCs), a type of neural stem cell, can protect Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) from glaucomatous damage in vivo. Methods: Intraocular pressure was chronically increased by trabecular laser treatment delivered unilaterally to adult rat eyes. OPCs were isolated in vitro and then transplanted intra vitreally either before, or concurrent with, injury induction. Results: Transplanted OPCs were found to survive within the eye for at least 12 weeks and to localize close to the RGCs. Moreover, OPCs significantly enhanced the survival of RGCs in the glaucomatous eye, but only when concomitantly activated by inflammation.. Amelioration of RGC death was not attributable to inflammation but relied on an interaction between inflammatory cells and OPCs. Engrafted cells also displayed multipotentiality in vivo.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"41 1","pages":"120-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77121687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ammara Yaqoob, H. Adnan, Afshan Batool, Maria Qazi
Introduction: Mediastinal lesions include a wide spectrum of pathology, ranging from tumors (benign and malignant), cysts, vascular anomalies, and lymph node masses to diffuse lesions such as pneumomediastinum, mediastinitis, mediastinal fibrosis and encysted pleural effusion. Aims and objectives: The basic aim of the study is to analyse the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography scan in mediastinal masses assuming histopathological findings as gold standard. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from October 2019 to April 2020. After taking informed consent, computed Tomography was performed on Toshiba Aquilion Multislice CT scanner before and after intravenous contrast administration. Results: Age range in this study was from 25-65 years with mean age of 48.57 ± 10.53 years. Majority of the patients 58.78% were between 46-65 years of age as shown in Table 1. Out of these 148 patients, 82 (55.41%) were males and 66 (44.59%) were females with ratio of 1.2:1. Mean duration of disease was 8.39 ± 4.78 months (Table 2). Mean size of mass was 5.21 ± 2.45 cm. Conclusion: It is concluded that computed tomography is a highly sensitive and accurate non-invasive modality for differentiating malignant and benign mediastinal masses, and has not only dramatically improved our ability of accurate diagnosis of mediastinal masses but also improved patient care by timely and proper treatment.
纵隔病变包括多种病理，从肿瘤(良性和恶性)、囊肿、血管异常、淋巴结肿块到弥漫性病变，如纵隔气肿、纵隔炎、纵隔纤维化和胸腔积液。目的和目的:本研究的基本目的是以组织病理学结果为金标准，分析计算机断层扫描对纵隔肿块的诊断准确性。材料和方法:本横断面研究于2019年10月至2020年4月在拉合尔的Sir Ganga Ram医院进行。经知情同意后，于静脉注射造影剂前后在东芝Aquilion多层螺旋CT上进行计算机断层扫描。结果:年龄25 ~ 65岁，平均年龄48.57±10.53岁。患者以46-65岁居多(58.78%)，见表1。148例患者中，男性82例(55.41%)，女性66例(44.59%)，男女比例为1.2:1。平均病程8.39±4.78个月(表2)，平均肿块大小5.21±2.45 cm。结论:计算机断层扫描是鉴别纵隔肿块良恶性的一种高度灵敏、准确的无创方式，不仅大大提高了我们对纵隔肿块的准确诊断能力，而且通过及时、合理的治疗，提高了患者的护理水平。
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Computed Tomography Scan in Mediastinal Masses","authors":"Ammara Yaqoob, H. Adnan, Afshan Batool, Maria Qazi","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.5.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.5.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mediastinal lesions include a wide spectrum of pathology, ranging from tumors (benign and malignant), cysts, vascular anomalies, and lymph node masses to diffuse lesions such as pneumomediastinum, mediastinitis, mediastinal fibrosis and encysted pleural effusion. Aims and objectives: The basic aim of the study is to analyse the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography scan in mediastinal masses assuming histopathological findings as gold standard. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from October 2019 to April 2020. After taking informed consent, computed Tomography was performed on Toshiba Aquilion Multislice CT scanner before and after intravenous contrast administration. Results: Age range in this study was from 25-65 years with mean age of 48.57 ± 10.53 years. Majority of the patients 58.78% were between 46-65 years of age as shown in Table 1. Out of these 148 patients, 82 (55.41%) were males and 66 (44.59%) were females with ratio of 1.2:1. Mean duration of disease was 8.39 ± 4.78 months (Table 2). Mean size of mass was 5.21 ± 2.45 cm. Conclusion: It is concluded that computed tomography is a highly sensitive and accurate non-invasive modality for differentiating malignant and benign mediastinal masses, and has not only dramatically improved our ability of accurate diagnosis of mediastinal masses but also improved patient care by timely and proper treatment.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"398 1","pages":"249-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77349435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All over the world, the most frequent cancer and death among women is breast cancer (BC), among BC can be treated and its risks can be reduced if it diagnosed in early stages. Early diagnosis of breast masses can be achieved by performing breast self- examination (BSE). physical examination by a physician, and mammography. Objective: Aim of this study is to evaluate the practice of breast self-examination female students in Al-Bayan University. Method: A cross sectional study was used; a pre-validated questionnaire was distributed to 142 female students from Al-Bayan university. The questionnaire covered the sociodemographic characteristics of participants (age, sex, and marital status), knowledge about correct timing of BSE, attitude and practice of BSE, willing to instruct others, and their source of information about BSE. Results: More than three quarter of our participants did not know the correct timing of breast self-examination, only 39.4% of them perform the breast self-examination, less than half of them (42.3%) reported that they will visit a doctor if they feel pain or lump in the breasts. The majority of our participants (69.7 %) had a desire to teach others how to perform breast self-examination. Their main source of information about breast self-examination was from TV. Conclusion: Breast self-examination practice among our participants was poor, so it is recommended to increase the awareness campaigns and training programs among students by National Breast Cancer Early Detection and Research program and focusing on the benefits of early detection of breast cancer by performing BSE.
{"title":"Breast self- examination practice among female students in Iraq","authors":"K. Salim, Wafaa M. A. Al-Attar, B. Alani","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.2.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.2.71","url":null,"abstract":"All over the world, the most frequent cancer and death among women is breast cancer (BC), among BC can be treated and its risks can be reduced if it diagnosed in early stages. Early diagnosis of breast masses can be achieved by performing breast self- examination (BSE). physical examination by a physician, and mammography. Objective: Aim of this study is to evaluate the practice of breast self-examination female students in Al-Bayan University. Method: A cross sectional study was used; a pre-validated questionnaire was distributed to 142 female students from Al-Bayan university. The questionnaire covered the sociodemographic characteristics of participants (age, sex, and marital status), knowledge about correct timing of BSE, attitude and practice of BSE, willing to instruct others, and their source of information about BSE. Results: More than three quarter of our participants did not know the correct timing of breast self-examination, only 39.4% of them perform the breast self-examination, less than half of them (42.3%) reported that they will visit a doctor if they feel pain or lump in the breasts. The majority of our participants (69.7 %) had a desire to teach others how to perform breast self-examination. Their main source of information about breast self-examination was from TV. Conclusion: Breast self-examination practice among our participants was poor, so it is recommended to increase the awareness campaigns and training programs among students by National Breast Cancer Early Detection and Research program and focusing on the benefits of early detection of breast cancer by performing BSE.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"16 1","pages":"516-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78075523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Sheeba, Anideepa Mitra, Saurav Chaudhuri, S. Sarkar
MRI is the imaging technique most often used to detect brain tumor. A brain tumor is a knot, or mass, of abnormal cells in parts of the brain. Brain tumors can be either malignant or benign and can be located in the tissues of the brain. In this research study, a computerized approach has been presented where MRI gray- scale images were assimilated for the detection of brain tumor. This study suggested a computerized approach that involves improvement at the elementary stage to reduce the gray-scale color variations. Filter operation was used to eliminate undesired noises as much as feasible to accommodate better segmentation. As this study test grayscale images therefore; threshold-based OTSU segmentation was used instead of color segmentation. Finally, specialists in the field of pathology provided feature intelligence that was used to recognize the zone of interests for brain tumor. This study pertained a novel architecture, named Xception, which permitted both elevated presentation, diminished expanse and estimated charge of deep neural networks employing depth wise separable convolution to establish high performance computer aided diagnosis system for brain tumor detection from MRI. Preparatory appraisal for the Xception model employing transfer learning exhibited exceptional performance with immense efficiency and prediction probability. Fascinatingly, prediction probabilities were distinct when various layers were reviewed.
{"title":"Detection of Exact Location of Brain Tumor from MRI Data Using Big Data Analytics","authors":"L. Sheeba, Anideepa Mitra, Saurav Chaudhuri, S. Sarkar","doi":"10.31838/SRP.2021.4.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/SRP.2021.4.48","url":null,"abstract":"MRI is the imaging technique most often used to detect brain tumor. A brain tumor is a knot, or mass, of abnormal cells in parts of the brain. Brain tumors can be either malignant or benign and can be located in the tissues of the brain. In this research study, a computerized approach has been presented where MRI gray- scale images were assimilated for the detection of brain tumor. This study suggested a computerized approach that involves improvement at the elementary stage to reduce the gray-scale color variations. Filter operation was used to eliminate undesired noises as much as feasible to accommodate better segmentation. As this study test grayscale images therefore; threshold-based OTSU segmentation was used instead of color segmentation. Finally, specialists in the field of pathology provided feature intelligence that was used to recognize the zone of interests for brain tumor. This study pertained a novel architecture, named Xception, which permitted both elevated presentation, diminished expanse and estimated charge of deep neural networks employing depth wise separable convolution to establish high performance computer aided diagnosis system for brain tumor detection from MRI. Preparatory appraisal for the Xception model employing transfer learning exhibited exceptional performance with immense efficiency and prediction probability. Fascinatingly, prediction probabilities were distinct when various layers were reviewed.","PeriodicalId":22121,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy","volume":"10 1","pages":"273-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78117571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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