Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024223-20899
Ekrem Atakan
Aim of study: The seasonal distributions of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), as well as their primary predators, predatory bugs, Orius spp (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), in the polyculture agricultural area were investigated in order to gain a thorough understanding of the prey-predator relationships on various crop plants. Area of study: Adana Province, located in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Region of Türkiye. Materials and methods: Thrips and predatory insects were collected from various plants using the tapping method during 2019-2020. Their diversity, seasonal densities, and distributions were investigated. Main results: A total of 11 predator species were identified, with Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and Orius niger (Wolff) being the most prevalent species. The greatest diversity of predatory insect species was found among plant species from the Fabaceae family. With the exception of field crops, T. tabaci was found to be the most frequent thrips species in the examined cultivated plants when compared to F. occidentalis on common crop plants. Among winter vegetables, a significant number of predators, primarily O. laevigatus, were only collected from broad bean plants. The abundance patterns of thrips and predatory insects were closely associated with the flowering phenology of plants. Research highlights: Strong relationships were observed between Orius spp. and T. tabaci adults. This study suggests that broad beans, a winter crop, could be included in crop rotations during the autumn-to-early spring period to support the populations of predatory insects in various ways.
{"title":"Predatory insect species, and patterns of abundance of two common thrips species (Thysanoptera) and their predators on common crops","authors":"Ekrem Atakan","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024223-20899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024223-20899","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: The seasonal distributions of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), as well as their primary predators, predatory bugs, Orius spp (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), in the polyculture agricultural area were investigated in order to gain a thorough understanding of the prey-predator relationships on various crop plants. \u0000Area of study: Adana Province, located in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Region of Türkiye. \u0000Materials and methods: Thrips and predatory insects were collected from various plants using the tapping method during 2019-2020. Their diversity, seasonal densities, and distributions were investigated. \u0000Main results: A total of 11 predator species were identified, with Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and Orius niger (Wolff) being the most prevalent species. The greatest diversity of predatory insect species was found among plant species from the Fabaceae family. With the exception of field crops, T. tabaci was found to be the most frequent thrips species in the examined cultivated plants when compared to F. occidentalis on common crop plants. Among winter vegetables, a significant number of predators, primarily O. laevigatus, were only collected from broad bean plants. The abundance patterns of thrips and predatory insects were closely associated with the flowering phenology of plants. \u0000Research highlights: Strong relationships were observed between Orius spp. and T. tabaci adults. This study suggests that broad beans, a winter crop, could be included in crop rotations during the autumn-to-early spring period to support the populations of predatory insects in various ways.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024223-20497
L. C. Garcia, Guilherme H. Carraro, Sandro Felema, Allison J. Fornari, Leandro J. V. Sformi, Thiago M. Inagaki
Aim of study: An adjuvant is a material that is added to a spray carrier to improve the application technology's efficiency but lacks phytosanitary qualities. Our objective was to determine the best option of combining fungicides and adjuvants to control soybean (Glycine max) leaf diseases in three cropping seasons. Area of study: The experiment was developed in the Campos Gerais region (PR - Brazil). Material and methods: The five treatments consisted of 1) control (without applying fungicides on soybean plants); 2) fungicide application on soybean plants without adjuvant; 3) fungicide with adjuvant based on mineral oil; 4) fungicide with adjuvant based on lecithin and 5) propionic acid and fungicide with 50% of the dose of adjuvant based on mineral oil + 50% of the dose of surfactant adjuvant based on lecithin and propionic acid. The analyzed variables were the physicochemical characteristics of the spray carrier, the incidence and severity of diseases, and the yield components. A completely randomized design was used to study the physicochemical characteristics of the carrier and in randomized blocks for the field experiment. We used five replicates per treatment. Main results: No foaming and mixing incompatibility of the spray carrier was observed in any treatment. The adjuvant based on lecithin and propionic acid further acidified the spray carrier and presented the same surface tension as mineral oil. The soybean plants that did not receive chemical treatment had a higher occurrence of diseases, which reduced the productive potential. Research highlights: Adding adjuvants to the spray carrier did not increase the performance of fungicides in controlling diseases and did not affect the yield components.
{"title":"Adjuvants used in fungicide spraying on soybean plants","authors":"L. C. Garcia, Guilherme H. Carraro, Sandro Felema, Allison J. Fornari, Leandro J. V. Sformi, Thiago M. Inagaki","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024223-20497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024223-20497","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: An adjuvant is a material that is added to a spray carrier to improve the application technology's efficiency but lacks phytosanitary qualities. Our objective was to determine the best option of combining fungicides and adjuvants to control soybean (Glycine max) leaf diseases in three cropping seasons. \u0000Area of study: The experiment was developed in the Campos Gerais region (PR - Brazil). \u0000Material and methods: The five treatments consisted of 1) control (without applying fungicides on soybean plants); 2) fungicide application on soybean plants without adjuvant; 3) fungicide with adjuvant based on mineral oil; 4) fungicide with adjuvant based on lecithin and 5) propionic acid and fungicide with 50% of the dose of adjuvant based on mineral oil + 50% of the dose of surfactant adjuvant based on lecithin and propionic acid. The analyzed variables were the physicochemical characteristics of the spray carrier, the incidence and severity of diseases, and the yield components. A completely randomized design was used to study the physicochemical characteristics of the carrier and in randomized blocks for the field experiment. We used five replicates per treatment. \u0000Main results: No foaming and mixing incompatibility of the spray carrier was observed in any treatment. The adjuvant based on lecithin and propionic acid further acidified the spray carrier and presented the same surface tension as mineral oil. The soybean plants that did not receive chemical treatment had a higher occurrence of diseases, which reduced the productive potential. \u0000Research highlights: Adding adjuvants to the spray carrier did not increase the performance of fungicides in controlling diseases and did not affect the yield components.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024223-20967
V. Martínez-García, J. A. Zabala, José A. Albaladejo-García, E. López-Becerra, V. Sánchez-Navarro, J. L. Sánchez-Navarro, C. Boix‐Fayos, J. Martínez-Paz, F. Alcon
Aim of study: This study proposes a crop diversification innovative business model based on stakeholder preferences towards different incentive alternatives. Area of study: South-east Spain. Material and methods: Citrus intercropping practices in south-east Spain has been used as case study. Stakeholders’ preferences for crop diversification incentives were investigated by using a multicriteria approach, and those results were integrated into the development of a business model canvas. Main results: Including crop diversification practices as environmental practices within the operational programmes of producer organizations is seen the most preferred incentive over which the business model canvas is developed. Research highlights: The establishment of business opportunities for crop diversification practices would facilitate the overcoming of adoption barriers along the agrifood value chain and would promote health and sustainable food systems.
{"title":"Selection of incentives for a business strategy based on crop diversification","authors":"V. Martínez-García, J. A. Zabala, José A. Albaladejo-García, E. López-Becerra, V. Sánchez-Navarro, J. L. Sánchez-Navarro, C. Boix‐Fayos, J. Martínez-Paz, F. Alcon","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024223-20967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024223-20967","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: This study proposes a crop diversification innovative business model based on stakeholder preferences towards different incentive alternatives. \u0000Area of study: South-east Spain. \u0000Material and methods: Citrus intercropping practices in south-east Spain has been used as case study. Stakeholders’ preferences for crop diversification incentives were investigated by using a multicriteria approach, and those results were integrated into the development of a business model canvas. \u0000Main results: Including crop diversification practices as environmental practices within the operational programmes of producer organizations is seen the most preferred incentive over which the business model canvas is developed. \u0000Research highlights: The establishment of business opportunities for crop diversification practices would facilitate the overcoming of adoption barriers along the agrifood value chain and would promote health and sustainable food systems.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024223-20579
G. M. Ugwuoke, I. Idika
Aim of study: To evaluate the weight gain, pathological lesions, and hematology in broilers treated with hydro-methanol extract of Mangifera indica stem bark (MISB) after experimental exposure to Eimeria tenella infection. Material and methods: This investigation involved 56 three-week-old Ross 308 broilers, divided into 7 groups (A–G) of 8 birds each. Groups A–E were experimentally exposed to 25,000 oocysts of E. tenella orally. Groups A, B, and C were treated orally with graded doses of M. indica (250, 125 and 62.5 mg/kg, respectively), for seven consecutive days. Groups D (0.6 g/L sulfaquinoxaline, reference drug), E (infected non-treated), F (uninfected non-treated), and G (uninfected 125 mg/kg MISB-treated to validate effect of MISB on weight increase). After infection, blood and organs were extracted from each experimental group for hematology and pathology, and measurements of body weight gain and oocyst counts were made. Main results: M. indica improved (p<0.05) weight gain in MISB-treated broilers (A, B, C, and G). On day 6 post-infection (dpi), lesions of coccidiosis caused by E. tenella were observed in groups A, B, C, D, and E. The reduction in oocyst per gram of feces in the MISB and sulfaquinoxaline-treated groups was similar (p>0.05) after medication. Reduced packed cell volume at 7 dpi in the broilers of groups A (22.5% ± 0.7), B (27.0 % ± 2.83), and C (25.7 % ± 0.71), improved at 14 dpi after medication. Research highlights: M. indica improved weight gain, reduced oocyst shedding, and ameliorated cecal lesions in MISB-treated chickens.
{"title":"Effect of hydro-methanolic extract of Mangifera indica L. stem bark on body weight, pathological lesions, and hematology in experimental Eimeria tenella-infected broiler chickens","authors":"G. M. Ugwuoke, I. Idika","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024223-20579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024223-20579","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To evaluate the weight gain, pathological lesions, and hematology in broilers treated with hydro-methanol extract of Mangifera indica stem bark (MISB) after experimental exposure to Eimeria tenella infection. \u0000Material and methods: This investigation involved 56 three-week-old Ross 308 broilers, divided into 7 groups (A–G) of 8 birds each. Groups A–E were experimentally exposed to 25,000 oocysts of E. tenella orally. Groups A, B, and C were treated orally with graded doses of M. indica (250, 125 and 62.5 mg/kg, respectively), for seven consecutive days. Groups D (0.6 g/L sulfaquinoxaline, reference drug), E (infected non-treated), F (uninfected non-treated), and G (uninfected 125 mg/kg MISB-treated to validate effect of MISB on weight increase). After infection, blood and organs were extracted from each experimental group for hematology and pathology, and measurements of body weight gain and oocyst counts were made. \u0000 Main results: M. indica improved (p<0.05) weight gain in MISB-treated broilers (A, B, C, and G). On day 6 post-infection (dpi), lesions of coccidiosis caused by E. tenella were observed in groups A, B, C, D, and E. The reduction in oocyst per gram of feces in the MISB and sulfaquinoxaline-treated groups was similar (p>0.05) after medication. Reduced packed cell volume at 7 dpi in the broilers of groups A (22.5% ± 0.7), B (27.0 % ± 2.83), and C (25.7 % ± 0.71), improved at 14 dpi after medication. \u0000Research highlights: M. indica improved weight gain, reduced oocyst shedding, and ameliorated cecal lesions in MISB-treated chickens.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024223-20384
H. Sevgili, Adem Kurtoglu, Masahiko Oikawa, Abdulkerim Aksoy, R. Uysal, Seçil T. Dugan
Aim of study: Studies on the dietary needs of turbot fish (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, 1758) have largely focused on the juvenile stage; however, there are not many on the larger (300–500 g) species. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the ideal dietary levels of protein, fat, and carbohydrate for large turbot. Area of study: Demre, Antalya, Türkiye. Material and methods: A three-component mixture design model was created to adjust the quantities of dietary protein between 45.6% and 63.4%, carbohydrates between 4.9% and 30.5%, and fat between 5.6% and 17.7%. The components of the model were fish meal (FM), fish oil (FO), and wheat flour (W). Fish initially weighing 301.6±0.1 g on average were fed 14 different diets for 10 weeks. The ideal dietary macronutrient levels were estimated by examining the prediction profiler at the highest desirability based on the variables that were selected to maximize final weight, daily growth coefficient, protein efficiency ratio, nitrogen and energy retentions, and minimize feed conversion ratio, nitrogen and carbon losses. Main results: The optimal diet formulation yielded the highest desirability of 0.87 for all selected responses and resulted in dietary inclusion levels of FM, W and FO as 63.6%, 20.8%, and 9.4%, respectively. The proposed optimal nutrient concentrations for large turbot (growing from 300 to 500 g) are 54% protein, approximately 17% lipid, and 15.8% carbohydrate on dry matter basis. Research highlights: The mixture design successfully allowed us to estimate the optimum levels of dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate for large turbot.
{"title":"Use of a mixture design to optimize dietary macronutrients for large turbot (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, 1758)","authors":"H. Sevgili, Adem Kurtoglu, Masahiko Oikawa, Abdulkerim Aksoy, R. Uysal, Seçil T. Dugan","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024223-20384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024223-20384","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: Studies on the dietary needs of turbot fish (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, 1758) have largely focused on the juvenile stage; however, there are not many on the larger (300–500 g) species. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the ideal dietary levels of protein, fat, and carbohydrate for large turbot. \u0000Area of study: Demre, Antalya, Türkiye. \u0000Material and methods: A three-component mixture design model was created to adjust the quantities of dietary protein between 45.6% and 63.4%, carbohydrates between 4.9% and 30.5%, and fat between 5.6% and 17.7%. The components of the model were fish meal (FM), fish oil (FO), and wheat flour (W). Fish initially weighing 301.6±0.1 g on average were fed 14 different diets for 10 weeks. The ideal dietary macronutrient levels were estimated by examining the prediction profiler at the highest desirability based on the variables that were selected to maximize final weight, daily growth coefficient, protein efficiency ratio, nitrogen and energy retentions, and minimize feed conversion ratio, nitrogen and carbon losses. \u0000Main results: The optimal diet formulation yielded the highest desirability of 0.87 for all selected responses and resulted in dietary inclusion levels of FM, W and FO as 63.6%, 20.8%, and 9.4%, respectively. The proposed optimal nutrient concentrations for large turbot (growing from 300 to 500 g) are 54% protein, approximately 17% lipid, and 15.8% carbohydrate on dry matter basis. \u0000Research highlights: The mixture design successfully allowed us to estimate the optimum levels of dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate for large turbot.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024223-20925
N. Čereković, Mihajlo Marković, Vojo Radic, S. Cadro, Benjamin Crljenkovic, Nery Zapata, T. A. Paço, Wilk Almeida, Ružica Stričević, Mladen Todorovic
Aim of study: A two-year experiment (2021-2022) was conducted to assess the response of a local maize hybrid BL-43 to different water regimes (full irrigation, deficit irrigation and rainfed) at two distinguished pedo-climatic locations (Aleksandrovac and Butmir) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Area of study: The field experiment was located in Aleksandrovac (near Banja Luka) and Butmir (near Sarajevo) in BiH. Material and methods: A randomized block design was adopted at both experimental locations with three replicates. An Excel-based irrigation tool was used to manage crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling. Main results: Crop response to water was affected by site-specific agronomic management, the duration of phenological stages and their interconnection with precipitation events. At both locations, the effect of the water inputs on grain yield was statistically significant confirming the beneficial impact of irrigation. The effect of water stress on yield was particularly pronounced at Aleksandrovac, which was under water and temperature stresses during flowering time. During both seasons and for all water regimes, the total average grain yield was greater at Butmir than at Aleksandrovac for 38% and 27%, respectively. Research highlights: This is the first experimental study conducted in BiH on the effect of irrigation on maize grain production under different pedoclimatic conditions. The study emphasizes the need for knowledge regarding the impacts that climate change is having on the productivity of one of the region's most important crops.
{"title":"Impact of different water regimes on maize grown at two distinctive pedo-climatic locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"N. Čereković, Mihajlo Marković, Vojo Radic, S. Cadro, Benjamin Crljenkovic, Nery Zapata, T. A. Paço, Wilk Almeida, Ružica Stričević, Mladen Todorovic","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024223-20925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024223-20925","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: A two-year experiment (2021-2022) was conducted to assess the response of a local maize hybrid BL-43 to different water regimes (full irrigation, deficit irrigation and rainfed) at two distinguished pedo-climatic locations (Aleksandrovac and Butmir) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). \u0000Area of study: The field experiment was located in Aleksandrovac (near Banja Luka) and Butmir (near Sarajevo) in BiH. \u0000Material and methods: A randomized block design was adopted at both experimental locations with three replicates. An Excel-based irrigation tool was used to manage crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling. \u0000Main results: Crop response to water was affected by site-specific agronomic management, the duration of phenological stages and their interconnection with precipitation events. At both locations, the effect of the water inputs on grain yield was statistically significant confirming the beneficial impact of irrigation. The effect of water stress on yield was particularly pronounced at Aleksandrovac, which was under water and temperature stresses during flowering time. During both seasons and for all water regimes, the total average grain yield was greater at Butmir than at Aleksandrovac for 38% and 27%, respectively. \u0000Research highlights: This is the first experimental study conducted in BiH on the effect of irrigation on maize grain production under different pedoclimatic conditions. The study emphasizes the need for knowledge regarding the impacts that climate change is having on the productivity of one of the region's most important crops.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024222-20908
J. Tan, N. Trandem, Zhibo Hamborg, Jana Fránová, D. Blystad, R. Zemek
Aim of study: Thrips in raspberry crops are receiving attention in Scandinavian raspberry production because of the increasing sighting of their presence in the flowers. Specific information on thrips species occurring in raspberry and their damage potential is scarce, making thrips management challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to identify thrips in the flowers of cultivated raspberry, Rubus idaeus L., in South Norway. Area of study: Sogndal, Luster and Frogn, Southern Norway Material and methods: Adult thrips were sampled from eight commercial raspberry orchards in the counties Vestland and Viken in June-July 2022. Thrips were mounted using Hoyer’s medium and a total of 213 specimens were morphologically identified. Main results: Five species of thrips were found, Thrips fuscipennis Haliday, Thrips major Uzel, Thrips flavus Schrank, Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday and Thrips brevicornis Priesner. Most specimens were T. flavus, followed by T. fuscipennis and T. vulgatissimus. Research highlights: Among the five species found, only T. fuscipennis has previously been reported in cultivated raspberry, but all five species are associated with flowers of many plants. The findings imply a larger and more geographically varied thrips fauna on raspberry than currently documented. This should be taken into account in future studies on thrips management in raspberry.
{"title":"Thrips species occurring in red raspberry, Rubus idaeus L., in South Norway","authors":"J. Tan, N. Trandem, Zhibo Hamborg, Jana Fránová, D. Blystad, R. Zemek","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024222-20908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024222-20908","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: Thrips in raspberry crops are receiving attention in Scandinavian raspberry production because of the increasing sighting of their presence in the flowers. Specific information on thrips species occurring in raspberry and their damage potential is scarce, making thrips management challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to identify thrips in the flowers of cultivated raspberry, Rubus idaeus L., in South Norway. \u0000Area of study: Sogndal, Luster and Frogn, Southern Norway \u0000Material and methods: Adult thrips were sampled from eight commercial raspberry orchards in the counties Vestland and Viken in June-July 2022. Thrips were mounted using Hoyer’s medium and a total of 213 specimens were morphologically identified. \u0000Main results: Five species of thrips were found, Thrips fuscipennis Haliday, Thrips major Uzel, Thrips flavus Schrank, Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday and Thrips brevicornis Priesner. Most specimens were T. flavus, followed by T. fuscipennis and T. vulgatissimus. \u0000Research highlights: Among the five species found, only T. fuscipennis has previously been reported in cultivated raspberry, but all five species are associated with flowers of many plants. The findings imply a larger and more geographically varied thrips fauna on raspberry than currently documented. This should be taken into account in future studies on thrips management in raspberry.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024222-19974
Deepa Bhatt, S. A. Holeyappa, A. Pandey, Neelam Bansal, J. S. Hundal, S. Khairnar
Aim of study: To examine the impact of dietary supplementation with turmeric (TM) (Curcuma longa) on growth, haematological, biochemical parameters, and histoarchitecture in rohu (Labeo rohita) challenged with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Area of study: Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Material and methods: A completely randomized design involved the utilization of 225 fingerlings distributed across five treatments with three replicates each. Diets were allocated as follows: T1 denoted the negative control diet, T2 comprised AF100, while T3, T4, and T5 were formulated with AF25TM, AF50TM, and AF100TM, respectively. Main results: The results indicated a negative correlation between AFB1 dosage in feed and fish growth, with higher doses resulting in decreased growth. Significant changes were observed in haematological parameters, including reductions in total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, haemoglobin, and packed cell volume, alongside alterations in biochemical parameters, such as decreases in total protein, albumin, and globulin levels, and an increase in glucose levels and albumin/globulin ratio. Additionally, elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were noted in T2 and T5 compared to other treatments. AFB1 exposure also led to damage in the microarchitecture of the brain, kidney, and liver tissues, although inclusion of TM at 25 ppb AFB1 showed signs of recovery. Research highlights: The changes observed were dose-dependent, and supplementation of TM showed increased resistance against AFB1 and the greatest improvement in T3. Therefore, a diet containing 5 g TM kg-1 would lower AFB1 contamination of 25 ppb compared to 50 and 100 ppb. In conclusion, supplementing TM in fish feeds can help regulating the AFB1, which in turn can improve sustenance-based output.
{"title":"Growth performance, physiological response, and tissue microarchitecture of the carp Labeo rohita challenged with AFB1 are improved by supplementing with turmeric","authors":"Deepa Bhatt, S. A. Holeyappa, A. Pandey, Neelam Bansal, J. S. Hundal, S. Khairnar","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024222-19974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024222-19974","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To examine the impact of dietary supplementation with turmeric (TM) (Curcuma longa) on growth, haematological, biochemical parameters, and histoarchitecture in rohu (Labeo rohita) challenged with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). \u0000Area of study: Ludhiana, Punjab, India. \u0000Material and methods: A completely randomized design involved the utilization of 225 fingerlings distributed across five treatments with three replicates each. Diets were allocated as follows: T1 denoted the negative control diet, T2 comprised AF100, while T3, T4, and T5 were formulated with AF25TM, AF50TM, and AF100TM, respectively. \u0000Main results: The results indicated a negative correlation between AFB1 dosage in feed and fish growth, with higher doses resulting in decreased growth. Significant changes were observed in haematological parameters, including reductions in total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, haemoglobin, and packed cell volume, alongside alterations in biochemical parameters, such as decreases in total protein, albumin, and globulin levels, and an increase in glucose levels and albumin/globulin ratio. Additionally, elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were noted in T2 and T5 compared to other treatments. AFB1 exposure also led to damage in the microarchitecture of the brain, kidney, and liver tissues, although inclusion of TM at 25 ppb AFB1 showed signs of recovery. \u0000Research highlights: The changes observed were dose-dependent, and supplementation of TM showed increased resistance against AFB1 and the greatest improvement in T3. Therefore, a diet containing 5 g TM kg-1 would lower AFB1 contamination of 25 ppb compared to 50 and 100 ppb. In conclusion, supplementing TM in fish feeds can help regulating the AFB1, which in turn can improve sustenance-based output.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024222-20983
T. Milošević, N. Milosevic, María-Angeles Moreno, J. Mladenović
Aim of study: This study was conducted to determine the suitability of seven clonal and one seedling rootstocks for grafting of sour cherry cv. ‘Šumadinka’ trough early tree growth, precocity, productivity and fruit quality. Aim of study: To evaluate the suitability of seven clonal rootstocks and one seedling rootstocks for grafting the sour cherry cv. ‘Šumadinka’ based on early tree development, precocity, productivity and fruit quality. Area of study: A sour cherry orchard in village Prislonica, Serbia, near Čačak city. Material and methods: The sour cherry cultivar ‘Šumadinka’ was grafted onto Colt, MaxMa 14, Krymsk 6, Adara, Cigančica, Gisela 5, Gisela 6 and Myrobalan rootstocks. Standard and validated procedures were used to measure tree growth, productivity (from 2017 to 2020), leaf area, fruit physical properties and fruit chemical composition (from 2019 to 2020). Main results: Significant differences were observed among rootstocks in leaf and petiole dimensions, leaf area, tree vigour, yield, fruit size, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, sugars and vitamin C contents, ripening and sweetness indexes. Trees grafted on Adara exhibited the highest tree vigour, while those on Gisela 6 produced the largest fruit size. On the other hand, Colt trees generally displayed the highest sugar content and sweetness index. Adara also showed improvements in fruit quality characteristics, whereas the properties associated with Myrobalan received the lowest evaluation scores. Research highlights: Adara rootstock demonstrated good adaptability to heavy and acidic soil conditions in Serbia, even though it was originally selected for cherry cultivation in heavy, waterlogged, and calcareous soils in Spain. This adaptability likely contributed to its higher vigour, yield, yield efficiency and good fruit quality.
{"title":"Tree performances of eight rootstocks grafted with ‘Šumadinka’ sour cherry","authors":"T. Milošević, N. Milosevic, María-Angeles Moreno, J. Mladenović","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024222-20983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024222-20983","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: This study was conducted to determine the suitability of seven clonal and one seedling rootstocks for grafting of sour cherry cv. ‘Šumadinka’ trough early tree growth, precocity, productivity and fruit quality. \u0000Aim of study: To evaluate the suitability of seven clonal rootstocks and one seedling rootstocks for grafting the sour cherry cv. ‘Šumadinka’ based on early tree development, precocity, productivity and fruit quality. \u0000Area of study: A sour cherry orchard in village Prislonica, Serbia, near Čačak city. \u0000Material and methods: The sour cherry cultivar ‘Šumadinka’ was grafted onto Colt, MaxMa 14, Krymsk 6, Adara, Cigančica, Gisela 5, Gisela 6 and Myrobalan rootstocks. Standard and validated procedures were used to measure tree growth, productivity (from 2017 to 2020), leaf area, fruit physical properties and fruit chemical composition (from 2019 to 2020). \u0000Main results: Significant differences were observed among rootstocks in leaf and petiole dimensions, leaf area, tree vigour, yield, fruit size, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, sugars and vitamin C contents, ripening and sweetness indexes. Trees grafted on Adara exhibited the highest tree vigour, while those on Gisela 6 produced the largest fruit size. On the other hand, Colt trees generally displayed the highest sugar content and sweetness index. Adara also showed improvements in fruit quality characteristics, whereas the properties associated with Myrobalan received the lowest evaluation scores. \u0000Research highlights: Adara rootstock demonstrated good adaptability to heavy and acidic soil conditions in Serbia, even though it was originally selected for cherry cultivation in heavy, waterlogged, and calcareous soils in Spain. This adaptability likely contributed to its higher vigour, yield, yield efficiency and good fruit quality.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2024222-20523
J. G. Viana, C. A. Barros, Cláudia G. Ribeiro, J. Minella, Conrado F. Santos, Cláudio M. Ribeiro, T. B. Langbecker, Vicente C. P. Silveira, J. Tourrand
Aim of study: To develop and measure sustainability indicators for the water-food-energy nexus in the Ibirapuitã river basin production systems in the Brazilian Pampa biome. The research seeks to contribute to the area of agriculture and sustainability along two lines: a) develop a methodology of sustainability indicators that can be applied to farming systems globally; and b) increase understanding of the interrelationship between water, food and energy and how it affects rural areas' sustainability. Area of study: The study was conducted in the Ibirapuitã river basin in the Brazilian Pampa biome. Material and methods: The construction of the indicators was based on the MESMIS methodology (Framework for the Evaluation of Management Systems incorporating Sustainability Indicators). In research, 121 farming systems were sampled. The sustainability indexes of the indicators between and within each dimension were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Main results: A significant difference was found between the averages of the indices of the dimensions in the production systems of the basin (p<0.05). The water dimension presented the highest level of sustainability, classified as "ideal". The energy dimension presented an intermediate level of sustainability, classified as "acceptable”. Furthermore, the food dimension presented the lowest sustainability index among the nexus, classified as "alert". These indexes contribute to identifying the main action points for improving the systems, being an essential tool for local rural extension. Research highlights: The study consolidated a methodology for measuring sustainability indicators based on farming systems' water, energy, and food production characteristics, capable of being replicated in other realities.
{"title":"Sustainability indicators for farming systems in Pampa biome of Brazil: a methodological approach NEXUS-MESMIS","authors":"J. G. Viana, C. A. Barros, Cláudia G. Ribeiro, J. Minella, Conrado F. Santos, Cláudio M. Ribeiro, T. B. Langbecker, Vicente C. P. Silveira, J. Tourrand","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2024222-20523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2024222-20523","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To develop and measure sustainability indicators for the water-food-energy nexus in the Ibirapuitã river basin production systems in the Brazilian Pampa biome. The research seeks to contribute to the area of agriculture and sustainability along two lines: a) develop a methodology of sustainability indicators that can be applied to farming systems globally; and b) increase understanding of the interrelationship between water, food and energy and how it affects rural areas' sustainability. \u0000Area of study: The study was conducted in the Ibirapuitã river basin in the Brazilian Pampa biome. \u0000Material and methods: The construction of the indicators was based on the MESMIS methodology (Framework for the Evaluation of Management Systems incorporating Sustainability Indicators). In research, 121 farming systems were sampled. The sustainability indexes of the indicators between and within each dimension were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. \u0000Main results: A significant difference was found between the averages of the indices of the dimensions in the production systems of the basin (p<0.05). The water dimension presented the highest level of sustainability, classified as \"ideal\". The energy dimension presented an intermediate level of sustainability, classified as \"acceptable”. Furthermore, the food dimension presented the lowest sustainability index among the nexus, classified as \"alert\". These indexes contribute to identifying the main action points for improving the systems, being an essential tool for local rural extension. \u0000Research highlights: The study consolidated a methodology for measuring sustainability indicators based on farming systems' water, energy, and food production characteristics, capable of being replicated in other realities.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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