Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19595
A. Hueso, Concepción González-García, Luz K. Atencia, Juan C. Nowack, M. GÓMEZ-DEL-CAMPO
Aim of study: To evaluate the effect of leaf covering, leaf position, leaf age, time and sample size in measurements of stem water potential (Ψstem) in olive hedgerow orchards. Area of study: The experimental orchards were located in the Centre of Spain (Toledo) Material and methods: Midday Ψstem was measured using a pressure chamber in two super-intensive olive hedgerow orchards subjected to various water statuses. Main results: Measurements were taken at solar noon on shaded leaves at mid canopy height following at least 1 hour of covering. Such measurements on 5 trees were sufficient to define the water status of individual homogeneous irrigation blocks. This combination of techniques is essential for repeatable measurements of Ψstem required to establish critical irrigation points and manage deficit irrigation strategies seeking to control vegetative growth and reduce water use with minimal effect on oil yield in olive hedgerow orchards and maximum oil quality. Part of our results weren’t previously reported: 1) Covering leaves with aluminium doesn’t completely stop transpiration and leaves must be covered and located in the shaded part of the canopy. 2) Ψstem depends on leaf height on olive hedgerow. 3) Ψstem of young leaves was less variable than in older ones. 4) Ψstem at solar noon presented larger differences with previous hours than later. Research highlights: Leaves for measurements of stem water potential must be previously covered and located in the middle height of the shaded part of the canopy.
{"title":"Methodology of stem water potential measurement on hedgerow olive orchards","authors":"A. Hueso, Concepción González-García, Luz K. Atencia, Juan C. Nowack, M. GÓMEZ-DEL-CAMPO","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19595","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To evaluate the effect of leaf covering, leaf position, leaf age, time and sample size in measurements of stem water potential (Ψstem) in olive hedgerow orchards. \u0000Area of study: The experimental orchards were located in the Centre of Spain (Toledo) \u0000Material and methods: Midday Ψstem was measured using a pressure chamber in two super-intensive olive hedgerow orchards subjected to various water statuses. \u0000Main results: Measurements were taken at solar noon on shaded leaves at mid canopy height following at least 1 hour of covering. Such measurements on 5 trees were sufficient to define the water status of individual homogeneous irrigation blocks. This combination of techniques is essential for repeatable measurements of Ψstem required to establish critical irrigation points and manage deficit irrigation strategies seeking to control vegetative growth and reduce water use with minimal effect on oil yield in olive hedgerow orchards and maximum oil quality. Part of our results weren’t previously reported: 1) Covering leaves with aluminium doesn’t completely stop transpiration and leaves must be covered and located in the shaded part of the canopy. 2) Ψstem depends on leaf height on olive hedgerow. 3) Ψstem of young leaves was less variable than in older ones. 4) Ψstem at solar noon presented larger differences with previous hours than later. \u0000Research highlights: Leaves for measurements of stem water potential must be previously covered and located in the middle height of the shaded part of the canopy.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41535338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19218
F. SÁNCHEZ-ESQUILICHE, Chelo Ferreira, V. Rodríguez-Estévez, A. Muniesa
Aim of study: To describe and predict mathematically the growth parameters of Iberian pigs. Area of study: Iberian dehesa agroforestry system. Southwest of Iberian Peninsula. Material and methods: A quantitative and systematic review was carried out to find all studies with valid data of growth and finishing in the Iberian swine breed published up to May 2020. For the analysis of the data, a mathematical fitting model was obtained and a function was postulated to describe the relation between the variables age and body weight. Main results: 112 publications were found, and after applying several quality filters, 18 with age and weight matched data were used. The database was composed of 76 different tests and 22,558 animals. The clasical growth phases were independently evaluated for data analysis.It was necessary to separate the finishing trials into three groups according to the starting age. Seven mathematical models were obtained for lactation,post-weaning, and montanera finishing. However, no valid test data were found during the growth and prefinishing phases. Besides that, a single model was obtained combining lactation and post-weaning, and another surface model including the variables age and weight to compare average daily weight gain in montanera finishing phase. Research highlights: After systematic review of the studies that provide information on the growth of Iberian pigs, and a quantitative analysis, some mathematical linear and nonlinear models have been developed for the prediction of the production ratios at different phases.
{"title":"Prediction of growth performance parameters in the growing and free-range finishing phases of the Iberian pig via meta-analysis","authors":"F. SÁNCHEZ-ESQUILICHE, Chelo Ferreira, V. Rodríguez-Estévez, A. Muniesa","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19218","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To describe and predict mathematically the growth parameters of Iberian pigs. \u0000Area of study: Iberian dehesa agroforestry system. Southwest of Iberian Peninsula. \u0000Material and methods: A quantitative and systematic review was carried out to find all studies with valid data of growth and finishing in the Iberian swine breed published up to May 2020. For the analysis of the data, a mathematical fitting model was obtained and a function was postulated to describe the relation between the variables age and body weight. \u0000Main results: 112 publications were found, and after applying several quality filters, 18 with age and weight matched data were used. The database was composed of 76 different tests and 22,558 animals. The clasical growth phases were independently evaluated for data analysis.It was necessary to separate the finishing trials into three groups according to the starting age. Seven mathematical models were obtained for lactation,post-weaning, and montanera finishing. However, no valid test data were found during the growth and prefinishing phases. Besides that, a single model was obtained combining lactation and post-weaning, and another surface model including the variables age and weight to compare average daily weight gain in montanera finishing phase. \u0000Research highlights: After systematic review of the studies that provide information on the growth of Iberian pigs, and a quantitative analysis, some mathematical linear and nonlinear models have been developed for the prediction of the production ratios at different phases.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45713523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19474
Francisco CÁRDENAS-POLONIO, Javier Martínez-Dalmau, Julio BERBEL-VECINO
Aim of study: To analyse the diffusion of the crop by producing forecast models, that intend to help farmers in their decision-making. Area of study: Spain. The area dedicated to pistachio cultivation in Spain has multiplied by 36 in the period 2010 to 2020, reaching 44,244 ha. Material and methods: This study brings together data on the evolution of pistachio cultivation based on the following parameters: cultivated area, yield, and price. Methods are based on internal, external influence models and on an influence-price-crop yield pattern. Main results: The results indicate that given a constant crop yield, raising pistachio prices, will bring a production increase that generate the saturation level of the system. Similarly, with a constant pistachio price and an increment of the crop yield, the saturation level of the system increases. Regarding the pattern of influence, it is shown that in a context of suitable market prices for pistachio and an optimal synergy of the production factors that favour the crop yield not only increases the level of saturation of the system but also the duration of the diffusion process. Research highlights: The diffusion curve is sigmoidal with a well-defined inflection point and three well-defined phases. The adoption of pistachio in Spain responds to a model of internal influence (logistic) and never to models of external influence. According to the results, the process has a zero-innovation effect, while the dynamics of the process is completely determined by an imitation effect.
{"title":"Pistachio nut diffusion in Spain: Growth models","authors":"Francisco CÁRDENAS-POLONIO, Javier Martínez-Dalmau, Julio BERBEL-VECINO","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19474","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To analyse the diffusion of the crop by producing forecast models, that intend to help farmers in their decision-making. \u0000Area of study: Spain. The area dedicated to pistachio cultivation in Spain has multiplied by 36 in the period 2010 to 2020, reaching 44,244 ha. \u0000Material and methods: This study brings together data on the evolution of pistachio cultivation based on the following parameters: cultivated area, yield, and price. Methods are based on internal, external influence models and on an influence-price-crop yield pattern. \u0000Main results: The results indicate that given a constant crop yield, raising pistachio prices, will bring a production increase that generate the saturation level of the system. Similarly, with a constant pistachio price and an increment of the crop yield, the saturation level of the system increases. Regarding the pattern of influence, it is shown that in a context of suitable market prices for pistachio and an optimal synergy of the production factors that favour the crop yield not only increases the level of saturation of the system but also the duration of the diffusion process. \u0000Research highlights: The diffusion curve is sigmoidal with a well-defined inflection point and three well-defined phases. The adoption of pistachio in Spain responds to a model of internal influence (logistic) and never to models of external influence. According to the results, the process has a zero-innovation effect, while the dynamics of the process is completely determined by an imitation effect.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19510
Nesrine Merbah, Sonia Benito‐Hernández
Aim of study: Focused on the coffee sector, the purpose of this paper was to determine the implicit price paid for the main sustainability certifications (Fairtrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance and UTZ certifications) using the hedonic price approach. Area of study: Spain. Material and methods: The total sample included 645 coffees. The characteristics were collected between the months of September and October 2021 from coffee packs sold in the main five supermarkets of retail chains in Spain. A log-log price/attribute function was used to estimate the hedonic price function. Main results: The attributes UTZ certification, origin, and coffee intensity received significant positive effects leading to higher premium prices of 28.51%, 25.50% and 26.50%, respectively. In contrast, Fairtrade certifications had a negative impact on the average price of coffee. Research highlights: The proposed model could be considered as a first approximation of a hedonic pricing model estimation for sustainable coffee in Spain. The results provide useful information for the coffee sector in developing effective marketing strategies that support the sustainability of food.
{"title":"Sustainability labels in the Spanish coffee market: A hedonic price approach","authors":"Nesrine Merbah, Sonia Benito‐Hernández","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19510","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: Focused on the coffee sector, the purpose of this paper was to determine the implicit price paid for the main sustainability certifications (Fairtrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance and UTZ certifications) using the hedonic price approach. \u0000Area of study: Spain. \u0000Material and methods: The total sample included 645 coffees. The characteristics were collected between the months of September and October 2021 from coffee packs sold in the main five supermarkets of retail chains in Spain. A log-log price/attribute function was used to estimate the hedonic price function. \u0000Main results: The attributes UTZ certification, origin, and coffee intensity received significant positive effects leading to higher premium prices of 28.51%, 25.50% and 26.50%, respectively. In contrast, Fairtrade certifications had a negative impact on the average price of coffee. \u0000Research highlights: The proposed model could be considered as a first approximation of a hedonic pricing model estimation for sustainable coffee in Spain. The results provide useful information for the coffee sector in developing effective marketing strategies that support the sustainability of food.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42112250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19835
A. Behpouri, S. Farokhzadeh, Z. Zinati, Zobeir Khosravi
Aim of study: Regarding the third largest staple food crop in the world, determining the factors affecting wheat yield is of great importance. This study aimed to determine useful subsets of agronomic traits and evaluate the order of importance of traits in grain yield. Area of study: Fars province, Iran. Material and methods: In total, the data corresponding to 22 agronomic traits was collected from six different regions (Darab, Kavar, Marvdasht, Fasa, Lar, and Khonj) of 90 farms of Fars province, Iran as the most important wheat-growing regions. Multivariate statistical analysis (correlation, stepwise regression, and principal component analysis (PCA)) and machine learning modeling approaches, such as partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR) models, were applied to agronomic traits. Main results: The findings, based on integrated approaches such as correlation, stepwise regression, and PCA, highlighted that number of spikes m-2, grain number spike-1, and thousand-grain weight had a major impact on the yield followed by awn length, spike length, narrow leaf herbicide, broadleaf herbicide, time to plant maturity (month), and soil salinity. Besides, PLSR with nine inputs (nine selected traits) displayed better prediction capability (R2=85 %, RMSE=0.32, MSE=0.10, and BIAS=-0.05) than that with all twenty-two input traits. Research highlights: Integrated multivariate statistical analyses and machine learning regression methods could be a powerful tool in determining traits that have a significant impact on yield. These achievements can be considered for future breeding programs.
{"title":"Use of multivariate analysis and machine learning methods to characterize traits contributing to wheat yield diversity","authors":"A. Behpouri, S. Farokhzadeh, Z. Zinati, Zobeir Khosravi","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19835","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: Regarding the third largest staple food crop in the world, determining the factors affecting wheat yield is of great importance. This study aimed to determine useful subsets of agronomic traits and evaluate the order of importance of traits in grain yield. \u0000Area of study: Fars province, Iran. \u0000Material and methods: In total, the data corresponding to 22 agronomic traits was collected from six different regions (Darab, Kavar, Marvdasht, Fasa, Lar, and Khonj) of 90 farms of Fars province, Iran as the most important wheat-growing regions. Multivariate statistical analysis (correlation, stepwise regression, and principal component analysis (PCA)) and machine learning modeling approaches, such as partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR) models, were applied to agronomic traits. \u0000Main results: The findings, based on integrated approaches such as correlation, stepwise regression, and PCA, highlighted that number of spikes m-2, grain number spike-1, and thousand-grain weight had a major impact on the yield followed by awn length, spike length, narrow leaf herbicide, broadleaf herbicide, time to plant maturity (month), and soil salinity. Besides, PLSR with nine inputs (nine selected traits) displayed better prediction capability (R2=85 %, RMSE=0.32, MSE=0.10, and BIAS=-0.05) than that with all twenty-two input traits. \u0000Research highlights: Integrated multivariate statistical analyses and machine learning regression methods could be a powerful tool in determining traits that have a significant impact on yield. These achievements can be considered for future breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41469857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-27DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19542
A. Sarmiento-García, S. Gökmen, B. Sevim, O. Olgun
Aim of study: Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) is a nutritive, antioxidant-rich by-product, and it has been tested as a feed ingredient for livestock. However, studies on quails are scarce. The current study investigated that the effect of PSO on the performance and meat instrumental quality of quails. Area of study: Türkiye. Material and methods: A total of 60 seventy-day-old male quails were equally subjected to 3 dietary treatments consisting of 20 birds (5 replicates with 4 birds each). The quails were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 pomegranate seed oil (PSO). After 10 weeks, two birds per subgroup were randomly selected and slaughtered. Main results: Supplementation of PSO reduced (p<0.05) feed intake and body weight gain linearly. However, there was no significant effect of PSO on carcass traits. For color parameters, the L* and b* values of breast and thigh meat increased with the addition of PSO to the diet (p<0.05). Cooking losses were highest in the thigh of quails fed 200 mg kg-1 PSO. On the other hand, in the breast, the lowest values for this parameter were observed in the groups that had received 100 mg kg-1 of PSO. Research highlights: Including 100 mg kg-1 of PSO can improve some meat quality characteristics without affecting performance parameters. There is a possibility that meat quality could be negatively affected by values higher than this. Nevertheless, further research is needed to determine the optimal dose of PSO to improve quail meat quality and its performance.
{"title":"Performance and meat quality characteristics of male quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diets supplemented with pomegranate seed oil","authors":"A. Sarmiento-García, S. Gökmen, B. Sevim, O. Olgun","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19542","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) is a nutritive, antioxidant-rich by-product, and it has been tested as a feed ingredient for livestock. However, studies on quails are scarce. The current study investigated that the effect of PSO on the performance and meat instrumental quality of quails. \u0000Area of study: Türkiye. \u0000Material and methods: A total of 60 seventy-day-old male quails were equally subjected to 3 dietary treatments consisting of 20 birds (5 replicates with 4 birds each). The quails were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 pomegranate seed oil (PSO). After 10 weeks, two birds per subgroup were randomly selected and slaughtered. \u0000Main results: Supplementation of PSO reduced (p<0.05) feed intake and body weight gain linearly. However, there was no significant effect of PSO on carcass traits. For color parameters, the L* and b* values of breast and thigh meat increased with the addition of PSO to the diet (p<0.05). Cooking losses were highest in the thigh of quails fed 200 mg kg-1 PSO. On the other hand, in the breast, the lowest values for this parameter were observed in the groups that had received 100 mg kg-1 of PSO. \u0000Research highlights: Including 100 mg kg-1 of PSO can improve some meat quality characteristics without affecting performance parameters. There is a possibility that meat quality could be negatively affected by values higher than this. Nevertheless, further research is needed to determine the optimal dose of PSO to improve quail meat quality and its performance.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42497885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-26DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-19179
Willmer Guevara-Ramírez, Cristian MORALES-LETZKUS, Itziar Martínez-de-Alegría, R. Río-Belver
Aim of study: World trade in olive oil is undergoing structural changes, with the emergence of new relevant actors, notably South American countries. The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of emerging Latin American countries in the world olive oil market during the period 2010–2019. Area of study: Major Latin American countries within an international context. Material and methods: The study was conducted through an analysis of trade networks, the application of the export growth decomposition method, the index of import dependence, and competitiveness matrices developed from the statistical evolution of import share and market share indicators. Main results: European countries continue to dominate international trade in olive oil, however, Chile and Argentina have managed to widen their role. Chile was the country with the highest growth rate in olive oil exports in terms of value and volume in the period analyzed, whereas Argentina was below the world average. Prices in general have been stagnant, although price variability between countries can be distinguished. This may be due to the re-export policy of some countries, the qualities, the format, and some intrinsic characteristics of the markets. Research highlights: Chile and Argentina figure prominently for their commercial capacity, with the former focusing mainly on the USA and Brazilian markets, and the latter on the Spanish.
{"title":"Commercial maps of the main Latin American countries in the international olive oil market","authors":"Willmer Guevara-Ramírez, Cristian MORALES-LETZKUS, Itziar Martínez-de-Alegría, R. Río-Belver","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-19179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-19179","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: World trade in olive oil is undergoing structural changes, with the emergence of new relevant actors, notably South American countries. The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of emerging Latin American countries in the world olive oil market during the period 2010–2019. \u0000Area of study: Major Latin American countries within an international context. \u0000Material and methods: The study was conducted through an analysis of trade networks, the application of the export growth decomposition method, the index of import dependence, and competitiveness matrices developed from the statistical evolution of import share and market share indicators. \u0000Main results: European countries continue to dominate international trade in olive oil, however, Chile and Argentina have managed to widen their role. Chile was the country with the highest growth rate in olive oil exports in terms of value and volume in the period analyzed, whereas Argentina was below the world average. Prices in general have been stagnant, although price variability between countries can be distinguished. This may be due to the re-export policy of some countries, the qualities, the format, and some intrinsic characteristics of the markets. \u0000Research highlights: Chile and Argentina figure prominently for their commercial capacity, with the former focusing mainly on the USA and Brazilian markets, and the latter on the Spanish.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43666355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2023211-18925
B. Stojanovic, N. Djordjevic, V. Davidovic, A. Bozickovic, A. Ivetic, S. Obradović
Aim of study: To evaluate corn grain micronization for calves fed a grower diet. Area of study: Padinska Skela – Belgrade, Serbia. Material and methods: Thirty weaned Holstein dairy calves (65–74 days of age) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments with growers containing micronized (MCG) or untreated corn grain (UCG). The experimental period lasted for 60 days. Main results: The values of total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC) were higher for calves fed MCG versus those within the UCG treatment by 3.9% (p<0.05), 7.0% (p<0.01), 7.1% (p<0.01) and 7.5% (p<0.05), respectively, for the days 25–30 of the experimental period. In addition, the values of digestibility of OM, CP, and NFC were higher by 4.9% (p<0.05), 5.7% (p<0.05), and 6.0% (p<0.05), respectively, for the days 55–60 of the experimental period. The density of metabolizable energy, net energy for maintenance and gain in consumed dietary DM was higher (p<0.001) by 4.7, 5.5, and 7.2%, respectively for calves fed on the grower containing micronized corn grain (MCG), during the first digestibility period, and by 3.0, 3.6, and 4.6%, respectively, during the second digestibility period. Energy intake was lower (p<0.05) during the second digestibility period, for calves fed a diet with micronized corn. Blood urea N was affected (p<0.001) by dietary treatments. Lower values (10.2%) were observed for calves fed the grower containing MCG. Research highlights: The micronization of corn grain is a useful tool for optimizing weaned calf production due to the improvement in the digestibility and energy content of the ration.
{"title":"The effect of corn grain micronization on diet digestibility and blood biochemical parameters in weaned Holstein calves","authors":"B. Stojanovic, N. Djordjevic, V. Davidovic, A. Bozickovic, A. Ivetic, S. Obradović","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2023211-18925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2023211-18925","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: To evaluate corn grain micronization for calves fed a grower diet. \u0000Area of study: Padinska Skela – Belgrade, Serbia. \u0000Material and methods: Thirty weaned Holstein dairy calves (65–74 days of age) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments with growers containing micronized (MCG) or untreated corn grain (UCG). The experimental period lasted for 60 days. \u0000Main results: The values of total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC) were higher for calves fed MCG versus those within the UCG treatment by 3.9% (p<0.05), 7.0% (p<0.01), 7.1% (p<0.01) and 7.5% (p<0.05), respectively, for the days 25–30 of the experimental period. In addition, the values of digestibility of OM, CP, and NFC were higher by 4.9% (p<0.05), 5.7% (p<0.05), and 6.0% (p<0.05), respectively, for the days 55–60 of the experimental period. The density of metabolizable energy, net energy for maintenance and gain in consumed dietary DM was higher (p<0.001) by 4.7, 5.5, and 7.2%, respectively for calves fed on the grower containing micronized corn grain (MCG), during the first digestibility period, and by 3.0, 3.6, and 4.6%, respectively, during the second digestibility period. Energy intake was lower (p<0.05) during the second digestibility period, for calves fed a diet with micronized corn. Blood urea N was affected (p<0.001) by dietary treatments. Lower values (10.2%) were observed for calves fed the grower containing MCG. \u0000Research highlights: The micronization of corn grain is a useful tool for optimizing weaned calf production due to the improvement in the digestibility and energy content of the ration.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47447536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2022204-18826
Ilginc Kizilpinar-Temizer, Aytac Guder, E. Candan, U. Yolcu
Aim of study: Recently, pollen has become a preferred nutritional supplement because of its complex composition. We examined the botanical origin, total phenolic/flavonoid content (TPC/TFC), antioxidant/antimicrobial activity, and element content of pollen samples collected from honeybees. This study also examined whether the elements contained in pollen, when consumed as food, posed a risk to human health. Area of study: Ten mixed pollen samples were randomly collected from honeybees in the apiaries of four different Turkish regions, which fall among the three phytogeographic regions of Türkiye. Material and methods: We evaluated total flavonoid (TFC) and phenolic (TPC) contents; antioxidant activities (radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity - HPSA, ferric reducing antioxidant power - FRAP, and ferrous ion chelating activity - FICA), element concentrations and antimicrobial activity. Main results: According to the melissopalynological analysis, one sample was determined to be unifloral and nine samples were found to be multifloral. The values found ranged 271.42-601.85 mg GAE/100 g TPC, 23.53-34.50 mg CAE/100 g TFC, 22.19-23.78 μg/mL DPPH, 6.50-78.40 µg/mL ABTS, 20.43-150.94 μg/mL HPSA, 97.26-99.83% FRAP and 74.84-91.79% FICA. P-coumaric acid, rosmanic acid, quercetin, apigenin, and naringin were identified in all samples, while catechin was detected only in S6 and S7. Element contents were found Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Se > Cr > Ni > Cd > Co. All the samples had high antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus (MIC= 4.17-8.33 g/mL), and against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC= 8.33 g/mL), except S3 and S4. Research highlights: Different levels and combinations of these components are efficient in the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of pollen.
研究目的:近年来，花粉因其复杂的成分而成为人们首选的营养补充剂。研究了蜜蜂花粉的植物来源、总酚/类黄酮含量(TPC/TFC)、抗氧化/抗菌活性和元素含量。这项研究还调查了花粉中所含的元素，当作为食物食用时，是否会对人体健康构成风险。研究领域:从土耳其四个不同地区的蜂房随机采集了10个混合花粉样本，这些地区属于土耳其 rkiye的三个植物地理区域。材料与方法:测定黄酮类化合物(TFC)和酚类化合物(TPC)的含量;抗氧化活性(自由基清除活性，过氧化氢清除活性- HPSA，铁还原抗氧化能力- FRAP和铁离子螯合活性- FICA)，元素浓度和抗菌活性。主要结果:经同源学分析，1份样品为单花，9份样品为多花。结果表明，其含量范围为271.42 ~ 601.85 mg GAE/100 g TPC、23.53 ~ 34.50 mg CAE/100 g TFC、22.19 ~ 23.78 μg/mL DPPH、6.50 ~ 78.40 μg/mL ABTS、20.43 ~ 150.94 μg/mL HPSA、97.26 ~ 99.83% FRAP和74.84 ~ 91.79% FICA。在所有样品中均检测到对香豆酸、迷迭香酸、槲皮素、芹菜素和柚皮素，而儿茶素仅在S6和S7中检测到。元素含量为Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Se > Cr > Ni > Cd > Co.除S3和S4外，其余样品对蜡样芽孢杆菌(MIC= 4.17 ~ 8.33 g/mL)和金黄色葡萄球菌(MIC= 8.33 g/mL)均有较高的抑菌活性。研究重点:这些成分的不同水平和组合对花粉的抗氧化和抗菌活性都是有效的。
{"title":"Antioxidant properties, element contents and antimicrobial activities of bee pollen collected by Apis mellifera L. in Türkiye","authors":"Ilginc Kizilpinar-Temizer, Aytac Guder, E. Candan, U. Yolcu","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2022204-18826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2022204-18826","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: Recently, pollen has become a preferred nutritional supplement because of its complex composition. We examined the botanical origin, total phenolic/flavonoid content (TPC/TFC), antioxidant/antimicrobial activity, and element content of pollen samples collected from honeybees. This study also examined whether the elements contained in pollen, when consumed as food, posed a risk to human health. \u0000Area of study: Ten mixed pollen samples were randomly collected from honeybees in the apiaries of four different Turkish regions, which fall among the three phytogeographic regions of Türkiye. \u0000Material and methods: We evaluated total flavonoid (TFC) and phenolic (TPC) contents; antioxidant activities (radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity - HPSA, ferric reducing antioxidant power - FRAP, and ferrous ion chelating activity - FICA), element concentrations and antimicrobial activity. \u0000Main results: According to the melissopalynological analysis, one sample was determined to be unifloral and nine samples were found to be multifloral. The values found ranged 271.42-601.85 mg GAE/100 g TPC, 23.53-34.50 mg CAE/100 g TFC, 22.19-23.78 μg/mL DPPH, 6.50-78.40 µg/mL ABTS, 20.43-150.94 μg/mL HPSA, 97.26-99.83% FRAP and 74.84-91.79% FICA. P-coumaric acid, rosmanic acid, quercetin, apigenin, and naringin were identified in all samples, while catechin was detected only in S6 and S7. Element contents were found Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Se > Cr > Ni > Cd > Co. All the samples had high antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus (MIC= 4.17-8.33 g/mL), and against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC= 8.33 g/mL), except S3 and S4. \u0000Research highlights: Different levels and combinations of these components are efficient in the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of pollen.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48857316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2022204-18953
Absar Mithal Jiskani, M. Abro, M. Khaskheli, K. Wagan
Aim of study: The Better Cotton Initiative is the largest cotton sustainability programme in the world because of the problems with conventional cotton farming and its impact on the environment. It aims to assist cotton communities in surviving and thriving while protecting and restoring the environment. Pakistan needs to make sure that local farmers are adopting these improved crop management practices in order to increase cotton production over the long term. Therefore, our work was to: (i) identify the cotton pests and disease management practices (CPDM) in Pakistan; (ii) evaluate the BC farmers’ level of adoption of CPDM; (iii) compare the experts’ recommendation on CPDM, and (iv) propose a suitable method to evaluate the adoption level. Area of study: BC farmers from Tando Allahyar district areas (Pakistan) were selected to investigate the adoptability to CPDM practices. Material and methods: The method first identified evaluation criteria based on a literature review and the recommendations of ten experts in crop protection. Then, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to weigh all the criteria according to two aspects, BC farmers’ adoption level and experts’ recommendations. Main results: Crop rotation, resistant cultivars, planting Bt with non-Bt cotton and border crops, recommended by experts, were all highly adopted by farmers. However, the adoption rate of other technologies (NEFR technology, botanical spray, and pheromone traps) was low. Research highlights: It was found that BC farmers were more likely to adopt CPDM practices recommended by experts. The above modern concepts and technologies must be adopted to promote sustainable cotton production, pest and disease management, and environmental quality.
{"title":"Fuzzy multicriteria analysis of “Better Cotton” farmers’ adoption and experts’ recommendation on cotton pest and disease management practices","authors":"Absar Mithal Jiskani, M. Abro, M. Khaskheli, K. Wagan","doi":"10.5424/sjar/2022204-18953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2022204-18953","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of study: The Better Cotton Initiative is the largest cotton sustainability programme in the world because of the problems with conventional cotton farming and its impact on the environment. It aims to assist cotton communities in surviving and thriving while protecting and restoring the environment. Pakistan needs to make sure that local farmers are adopting these improved crop management practices in order to increase cotton production over the long term. Therefore, our work was to: (i) identify the cotton pests and disease management practices (CPDM) in Pakistan; (ii) evaluate the BC farmers’ level of adoption of CPDM; (iii) compare the experts’ recommendation on CPDM, and (iv) propose a suitable method to evaluate the adoption level. \u0000Area of study: BC farmers from Tando Allahyar district areas (Pakistan) were selected to investigate the adoptability to CPDM practices. \u0000Material and methods: The method first identified evaluation criteria based on a literature review and the recommendations of ten experts in crop protection. Then, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to weigh all the criteria according to two aspects, BC farmers’ adoption level and experts’ recommendations. \u0000Main results: Crop rotation, resistant cultivars, planting Bt with non-Bt cotton and border crops, recommended by experts, were all highly adopted by farmers. However, the adoption rate of other technologies (NEFR technology, botanical spray, and pheromone traps) was low. \u0000Research highlights: It was found that BC farmers were more likely to adopt CPDM practices recommended by experts. The above modern concepts and technologies must be adopted to promote sustainable cotton production, pest and disease management, and environmental quality.","PeriodicalId":22182,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：