Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103057
Arturas Medeisis , William Webb , Fernando Beltran , Leo Fulvio Minervini
This paper offers a review of technical policy options that should enable the possibility of shared use of the frequency band 6425–7125 MHz by 5G/6G public mobile systems as primary user and secondary Radio Local Area Network applications, such as Wi-Fi. The analysis focuses on a European case study and is made by reviewing the numerous spectrum co-existence studies considered there against a set of critical research questions. The findings are then compared with the body of technical evidence available in academic literature. Based on such critical comparative analysis, we propose a Spectrum Usage Rights-based licensing approach with a consolidated set of policy options that could constitute the regulatory framework to enable shared use of the upper 6 GHz band by 5G/6G and Radio Local Area Networks.
{"title":"Technical policy options to enable shared use of the upper 6 GHz band","authors":"Arturas Medeisis , William Webb , Fernando Beltran , Leo Fulvio Minervini","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper offers a review of technical policy options that should enable the possibility of shared use of the frequency band 6425–7125 MHz by 5G/6G public mobile systems as primary user and secondary Radio Local Area Network applications, such as Wi-Fi. The analysis focuses on a European case study and is made by reviewing the numerous spectrum co-existence studies considered there against a set of critical research questions. The findings are then compared with the body of technical evidence available in academic literature. Based on such critical comparative analysis, we propose a Spectrum Usage Rights-based licensing approach with a consolidated set of policy options that could constitute the regulatory framework to enable shared use of the upper 6 GHz band by 5G/6G and Radio Local Area Networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103057"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103058
Lei Wang , Yongming Sun
Rural e-commerce (REC) is increasingly recognized as a catalyst for balanced urban-rural development and common prosperity. Leveraging county-level data spanning 2006 to 2022, this study investigates the effects of the “Rural E-commerce Comprehensive Demonstration” project (RECD project) on the urban-rural income gap and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. Our analysis reveals a statistically significant reduction in the urban-rural income disparity attributable to the implementation of the RECD project, with the observed effect being further amplified by the synergistic interaction with rural information policies. Moreover, the RECD project has been instrumental in poverty alleviation, notably diminishing the urban-rural income disparity in China's less-developed, impoverished regions and areas with backward digital foundations. Through mechanism analysis, we uncover that the RECD project promotes a “skewed digital dividend,” which entails an increase in incomes and employment for rural residents, thereby contributing to the reduction of the urban-rural income disparity and promoting inclusive growth. These findings provide an empirical basis for formulating digital agricultural policies and offer insights for emerging countries aiming to enhance farmer incomes and bridge the urban-rural divide.
{"title":"Digital dividends? Rural E-commerce policy and urban-rural income disparity in China","authors":"Lei Wang , Yongming Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rural e-commerce (REC) is increasingly recognized as a catalyst for balanced urban-rural development and common prosperity. Leveraging county-level data spanning 2006 to 2022, this study investigates the effects of the “Rural E-commerce Comprehensive Demonstration” project (RECD project) on the urban-rural income gap and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. Our analysis reveals a statistically significant reduction in the urban-rural income disparity attributable to the implementation of the RECD project, with the observed effect being further amplified by the synergistic interaction with rural information policies. Moreover, the RECD project has been instrumental in poverty alleviation, notably diminishing the urban-rural income disparity in China's less-developed, impoverished regions and areas with backward digital foundations. Through mechanism analysis, we uncover that the RECD project promotes a “skewed digital dividend,” which entails an increase in incomes and employment for rural residents, thereby contributing to the reduction of the urban-rural income disparity and promoting inclusive growth. These findings provide an empirical basis for formulating digital agricultural policies and offer insights for emerging countries aiming to enhance farmer incomes and bridge the urban-rural divide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103058"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103073
Meiqi Sun, Jia Lu
Promoting gender equality worldwide is a key issue in achieving sustainable development. Drawing on the digital divide framework, this study examines how the effect of mobile phone access on economic gender inequality is shaped by two crucial indicators of social context, culture and education. Using multiple cross-national datasets, we analyze a panel sample of 104 countries from 2014 to 2022. The results show that in conservative countries, mobile phone penetration reduces economic gender inequality. By contrast, in liberal countries, mobile phone penetration widens the economic gender gap. Moreover, education amplifies the effects of mobile phone penetration in both cultural contexts. This study offers a new lens for examining the interactions between the digital divide, education, and culture in the pursuit of gender equality.
{"title":"Mobile phones and economic gender inequality: A panel study of 104 countries from 2014 to 2022","authors":"Meiqi Sun, Jia Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Promoting gender equality worldwide is a key issue in achieving sustainable development. Drawing on the digital divide framework, this study examines how the effect of mobile phone access on economic gender inequality is shaped by two crucial indicators of social context, culture and education. Using multiple cross-national datasets, we analyze a panel sample of 104 countries from 2014 to 2022. The results show that in conservative countries, mobile phone penetration reduces economic gender inequality. By contrast, in liberal countries, mobile phone penetration widens the economic gender gap. Moreover, education amplifies the effects of mobile phone penetration in both cultural contexts. This study offers a new lens for examining the interactions between the digital divide, education, and culture in the pursuit of gender equality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103073"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103055
Xiaoxiao Chen, Jiayi Yang, Bo Wu
Amid rising concerns over AI-driven technological unemployment, this study addresses the lack of firm-level evidence by analyzing how artificial intelligence (AI) adoption shapes employment dynamics in China. A comprehensive AI adoption index is constructed using novel text-mining and machine-learning techniques applied to annual reports of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 through 2023. The analysis reveals that AI intensity boosts productivity and operational competitiveness, which in turn prompts firm expansion and increases overall labor demand. Yet aggregate growth masks a pronounced shift toward high-skill occupations, producing a skill-biased unipolarization of labor demand. Input–output analysis further shows that AI penetration in upstream industries exacerbates this polarization in downstream sectors. Policy evaluation indicates that government interventions, especially in technology-intensive firms, dampen the labor-market disruptions associated with AI, with the strongest stabilizing effects observed in regions featuring rigorous tax enforcement and low market segmentation. Threshold-effect tests uncover a nonlinear pattern of rising marginal impacts of AI on labor demand. The employment-enhancing benefits of AI are most evident in state-owned enterprises, large firms, and capital-and-technology-intensive industries. These findings offer fresh microeconomic insights into the employment consequences of AI and provide guidance for labor market governance, industrial upgrading, and human capital development in the digital era.
{"title":"How is artificial intelligence shaping the labor demand of firms? ——evidence from text-mining analysis of listed companies","authors":"Xiaoxiao Chen, Jiayi Yang, Bo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid rising concerns over AI-driven technological unemployment, this study addresses the lack of firm-level evidence by analyzing how artificial intelligence (AI) adoption shapes employment dynamics in China. A comprehensive AI adoption index is constructed using novel text-mining and machine-learning techniques applied to annual reports of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 through 2023. The analysis reveals that AI intensity boosts productivity and operational competitiveness, which in turn prompts firm expansion and increases overall labor demand. Yet aggregate growth masks a pronounced shift toward high-skill occupations, producing a skill-biased unipolarization of labor demand. Input–output analysis further shows that AI penetration in upstream industries exacerbates this polarization in downstream sectors. Policy evaluation indicates that government interventions, especially in technology-intensive firms, dampen the labor-market disruptions associated with AI, with the strongest stabilizing effects observed in regions featuring rigorous tax enforcement and low market segmentation. Threshold-effect tests uncover a nonlinear pattern of rising marginal impacts of AI on labor demand. The employment-enhancing benefits of AI are most evident in state-owned enterprises, large firms, and capital-and-technology-intensive industries. These findings offer fresh microeconomic insights into the employment consequences of AI and provide guidance for labor market governance, industrial upgrading, and human capital development in the digital era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103055"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103059
Xin Ning , Qinmeng Wang , Ge Wang , Liumiao Qin
The reciprocal interaction between digital and green policies plays a pivotal role in promoting firms green technology innovation (GTI) and advancing sustainable development. Using panel data from 2011 to 2023 on Chinese A-share listed firms, this study examines the effects of the “Broadband China” (BBC) and Low-Carbon City (LCC) dual-pilot initiatives on firms’ GTI and their underlying mechanisms. The paper reveals that through goal alignment and functional complementarity, dual-pilot policy increases firms’ high-quality GTI by 0.7 % and enhances innovation diffusion by 12.8 %. Causal mediation analysis indicates that the dual-pilot enhance media coverage, attract green investment, and increase government subsidies, thereby strengthening firms’ capacity for high-quality green innovation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that state-owned enterprises benefit more strongly in terms of GTI quality and diffusion. BBC taking the lead in implementing is conducive to the short-term allocation of innovation factors, while LCC taking the lead facilitates long-term innovation diffusion. This research provides quantitative evidence and optimization paths for the reciprocity between digital and green policies.
{"title":"Reciprocity or conflict? The impact of dual-policy of broadband China and low-carbon city on firms’ green technology innovation","authors":"Xin Ning , Qinmeng Wang , Ge Wang , Liumiao Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reciprocal interaction between digital and green policies plays a pivotal role in promoting firms green technology innovation (GTI) and advancing sustainable development. Using panel data from 2011 to 2023 on Chinese A-share listed firms, this study examines the effects of the “Broadband China” (BBC) and Low-Carbon City (LCC) dual-pilot initiatives on firms’ GTI and their underlying mechanisms. The paper reveals that through goal alignment and functional complementarity, dual-pilot policy increases firms’ high-quality GTI by 0.7 % and enhances innovation diffusion by 12.8 %. Causal mediation analysis indicates that the dual-pilot enhance media coverage, attract green investment, and increase government subsidies, thereby strengthening firms’ capacity for high-quality green innovation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that state-owned enterprises benefit more strongly in terms of GTI quality and diffusion. BBC taking the lead in implementing is conducive to the short-term allocation of innovation factors, while LCC taking the lead facilitates long-term innovation diffusion. This research provides quantitative evidence and optimization paths for the reciprocity between digital and green policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103059"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103077
Sara Morrell
This paper examines the politics behind global shifts in human rights-based language regarding the Internet. It uses the case of the Global Digital Compact to test the ability of various International Relations theories to account for these shifts. The Global Digital Compact is an international digital cooperation and Internet governance framework facilitated by the United Nations and endorsed by 93 countries, as of 2024. I analyze 174 input documents used to inform the development of the compact. These documents were authored by civil society, academic, private sector, government, and technical community actors from the Global South and North. I integrate qualitative content analysis, network analysis, and topic modeling to measure differences in the frequency and relationships among rights presented in the documents. Historically, civil and political rights, for example, the right to free speech, have been promoted as the most relevant to the Internet by the Internet technical community, which largely originated in U.S. institutions. Contrary to this historical focus, I unexpectedly found that many actors, including technical community actors, focus more on economic, social, and cultural rights than on civil and political rights. However, they do so implicitly, avoiding the term “human rights.” This implicit support expressed by technical community actors may help lay the foundation for policies supporting economic, social, and cultural rights online. These findings also highlight the importance of considering global perspectives in future research on Internet governance.
{"title":"Why (not) talk about human rights? Politics in the Global Digital Compact","authors":"Sara Morrell","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the politics behind global shifts in human rights-based language regarding the Internet. It uses the case of the Global Digital Compact to test the ability of various International Relations theories to account for these shifts. The Global Digital Compact is an international digital cooperation and Internet governance framework facilitated by the United Nations and endorsed by 93 countries, as of 2024. I analyze 174 input documents used to inform the development of the compact. These documents were authored by civil society, academic, private sector, government, and technical community actors from the Global South and North. I integrate qualitative content analysis, network analysis, and topic modeling to measure differences in the frequency and relationships among rights presented in the documents. Historically, civil and political rights, for example, the right to free speech, have been promoted as the most relevant to the Internet by the Internet technical community, which largely originated in U.S. institutions. Contrary to this historical focus, I unexpectedly found that many actors, including technical community actors, focus more on economic, social, and cultural rights than on civil and political rights. However, they do so implicitly, avoiding the term “human rights.” This implicit support expressed by technical community actors may help lay the foundation for policies supporting economic, social, and cultural rights online. These findings also highlight the importance of considering global perspectives in future research on Internet governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103077"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103074
Luísa Nazareno , Justina Jose , Grady Hart
This paper estimates the economic impacts of broadband deployment in rural areas in the United States under the Connect America Fund (CAF) Phase II Price Cap program – the largest component of CAF, a federally funded initiative designed to subsidize service provision in high-cost, underserved or unserved areas. Using a panel dataset of census tracts from the years 2010–2023, we exploit the staggered implementation of the program as a quasi-experimental setting and estimate its effects. Our analysis focuses on impacts on employment, self-employment, and household income. Results indicate that broadband deployment had a positive impact on both employment and income in treated areas, with effects strengthening over time. However, we find no evidence of impacts on self-employment. This study contributes to a growing literature on the economic effects of broadband infrastructure by evaluating one of the most extensive telecommunications interventions in US history.
{"title":"Wired and working? An evaluation of broadband expansion in Rural America","authors":"Luísa Nazareno , Justina Jose , Grady Hart","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper estimates the economic impacts of broadband deployment in rural areas in the United States under the Connect America Fund (CAF) Phase II Price Cap program – the largest component of CAF, a federally funded initiative designed to subsidize service provision in high-cost, underserved or unserved areas. Using a panel dataset of census tracts from the years 2010–2023, we exploit the staggered implementation of the program as a quasi-experimental setting and estimate its effects. Our analysis focuses on impacts on employment, self-employment, and household income. Results indicate that broadband deployment had a positive impact on both employment and income in treated areas, with effects strengthening over time. However, we find no evidence of impacts on self-employment. This study contributes to a growing literature on the economic effects of broadband infrastructure by evaluating one of the most extensive telecommunications interventions in US history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103074"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.102977
Jonathan A. Obar , Giuseppina (Pina) D'Agostino , Motunrayo Akinyemi
In 2022, U.S. President Biden's administration released a Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights. The Blueprint lists “notice and explanation” as one of five principles fundamental to delivering consumer protections as artificial intelligence (AI) is developed and used. This qualitative assessment of 40 company websites evaluates the extent to which privacy/AI notices align with this call for AI transparency. The assessment assigns full, half, or zero stars on ten transparency criteria, including (among others): whether notices are accessible via company websites and in plain language, reference applicable laws, explain how AI systems work, their risks, data retention policies, and data storage/processing policies.
Findings suggest companies convey privacy transparency elements but disclose few details about the use/implications of AI. The average score across the sample is 2.95/10 stars. Each company provides homepage access to notices and information about applicable law. Many provide details about data storage/processing though only eighteen describe data retention. While some provide minimal definitions of automated systems, few explain how AI systems work or the risks of use. 34/40 require a grade twelve or higher reading-level, and most provide AI details away from the privacy policy.
To support the auditability of AI systems via consent-based protections companies should improve upon these transparency efforts. Companies should better-align with calls for AI transparency like those from the Biden White House, currently accessible via the U.S. National Archives. Accessible and plain language notices are recommended, as are details about how AI systems work, and the implications of AI development and use.
{"title":"Aligned with the Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights? An artificial intelligence transparency evaluation of company privacy notices and explanations","authors":"Jonathan A. Obar , Giuseppina (Pina) D'Agostino , Motunrayo Akinyemi","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.102977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.102977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2022, U.S. President Biden's administration released a <em>Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights</em><em>.</em> The <em>Blueprint</em> lists “notice and explanation” as one of five principles fundamental to delivering consumer protections as artificial intelligence (AI) is developed and used. This qualitative assessment of 40 company websites evaluates the extent to which privacy/AI notices align with this call for AI transparency. The assessment assigns full, half, or zero stars on ten transparency criteria, including (among others): whether notices are accessible via company websites and in plain language, reference applicable laws, explain how AI systems work, their risks, data retention policies, and data storage/processing policies.</div><div>Findings suggest companies convey privacy transparency elements but disclose few details about the use/implications of AI. The average score across the sample is 2.95/10 stars. Each company provides homepage access to notices and information about applicable law. Many provide details about data storage/processing though only eighteen describe data retention. While some provide minimal definitions of automated systems, few explain how AI systems work or the risks of use. 34/40 require a grade twelve or higher reading-level, and most provide AI details away from the privacy policy.</div><div>To support the auditability of AI systems via consent-based protections companies should improve upon these transparency efforts. Companies should better-align with calls for AI transparency like those from the Biden White House, currently accessible via the U.S. National Archives. Accessible and plain language notices are recommended, as are details about how AI systems work, and the implications of AI development and use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 102977"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103076
Miao He, Yongfang Chen
In the big data and AI era, personal data protection is legally and academically challenging. Although China has made great progress in this regard by issuing a range of laws and sector-specific regulations, as well as bringing public interest litigation to safeguard personal data, challenges persist. However, there are few systematic studies on the progress and challenges in protecting personal data under the rule of law in China. In order to fill this gap, this article examine the evolution of personal data protection in the context of big data and AI in China, focusing on its constitutional foundations, legal improvements, and judicial applications and identify the unresolved challenges of personal data protection. Based on these, protection methods related to personal data are further proposed and discussed, such as refining the informed consent rule, bolstering personal data and risk governance via grading, contextual and privacy impact assessments mechanisms, and optimizing the Data Protection Authority system by establishing consultation and independent oversight bodies. By adapting these strategies to the unique conditions in China, this article proposes a holistic approach to better balance among personal data protection, security, and economic development. The findings of this article also hold value for developing countries seeking to align personal data governance with global standards, thereby contributing to a more robust international data protection system.
{"title":"Personal data protection in China: Progress, challenges and prospects in the age of big data and AI","authors":"Miao He, Yongfang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the big data and AI era, personal data protection is legally and academically challenging. Although China has made great progress in this regard by issuing a range of laws and sector-specific regulations, as well as bringing public interest litigation to safeguard personal data, challenges persist. However, there are few systematic studies on the progress and challenges in protecting personal data under the rule of law in China. In order to fill this gap, this article examine the evolution of personal data protection in the context of big data and AI in China, focusing on its constitutional foundations, legal improvements, and judicial applications and identify the unresolved challenges of personal data protection. Based on these, protection methods related to personal data are further proposed and discussed, such as refining the informed consent rule, bolstering personal data and risk governance via grading, contextual and privacy impact assessments mechanisms, and optimizing the Data Protection Authority system by establishing consultation and independent oversight bodies. By adapting these strategies to the unique conditions in China, this article proposes a holistic approach to better balance among personal data protection, security, and economic development. The findings of this article also hold value for developing countries seeking to align personal data governance with global standards, thereby contributing to a more robust international data protection system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 10","pages":"Article 103076"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103056
Erik Bohlin , Georg Serentschy
{"title":"Building resilience in telecommunications: Towards a research agenda - Editorial","authors":"Erik Bohlin , Georg Serentschy","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"49 9","pages":"Article 103056"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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