Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183563
R.J. Parden
It is pointed out that the premise of parallel processing, or concurrent engineering, is a high level of collaboration among technical professionals working in a network, rather than in a sequential-function hierarchy. However, individualism, in the American culture, is an inhibitor to this achievement. In a coalition, individuals can retain their own identity as individual contributors while achieving a common objective. A coalition attitude must be developed to understand the consequence of group synergy, and to recognize the common stake in group success. Self-directed, problem-solving groups are used as the coalition development medium. Facilitation skills are developed, while leadership is exercised. Research on collaborative action coalitions using the inputs of over 100 technical professionals is reported. Attention is given to the inhibitors and how might they be overcome. This is a phase of a larger research effort directed towards the organizational migration from hierarchy, to computer-supported cooperative work in networks. This involves the use of parallel processing, and common databases, for system-level integrated problem solving.<>
{"title":"Cultivating coalition attitudes","authors":"R.J. Parden","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183563","url":null,"abstract":"It is pointed out that the premise of parallel processing, or concurrent engineering, is a high level of collaboration among technical professionals working in a network, rather than in a sequential-function hierarchy. However, individualism, in the American culture, is an inhibitor to this achievement. In a coalition, individuals can retain their own identity as individual contributors while achieving a common objective. A coalition attitude must be developed to understand the consequence of group synergy, and to recognize the common stake in group success. Self-directed, problem-solving groups are used as the coalition development medium. Facilitation skills are developed, while leadership is exercised. Research on collaborative action coalitions using the inputs of over 100 technical professionals is reported. Attention is given to the inhibitors and how might they be overcome. This is a phase of a larger research effort directed towards the organizational migration from hierarchy, to computer-supported cooperative work in networks. This involves the use of parallel processing, and common databases, for system-level integrated problem solving.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"36 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84711021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183606
A. Pearson, D. Ball
It is noted that reducing the time to market is a top priority in most technology-based organizations. Ways of doing this frequently emphasize the need to pay attention to the management of interfaces between functions and, in particular, between R&D and marketing. Research has identified important characteristics of this interface, but few studies have specifically considered the influence of project type. The authors discuss a simple framework which focuses attention on the uncertainty dimension, and then draw upon case examples from a research intensive industry to identify characteristics of the R&D-marketing interface which have an impact on management and organization performance.<>
{"title":"Managing communication at the interface between R&D and marketing","authors":"A. Pearson, D. Ball","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183606","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that reducing the time to market is a top priority in most technology-based organizations. Ways of doing this frequently emphasize the need to pay attention to the management of interfaces between functions and, in particular, between R&D and marketing. Research has identified important characteristics of this interface, but few studies have specifically considered the influence of project type. The authors discuss a simple framework which focuses attention on the uncertainty dimension, and then draw upon case examples from a research intensive industry to identify characteristics of the R&D-marketing interface which have an impact on management and organization performance.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"427 1","pages":"178-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84955030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183704
H. Hellwig
The author examines the need to translate between disciplines and technologies in order to facilitate transfer of information across the science-technology interface. Methods to manage this transfer are discussed, including the use of facilitators and of evaluative methods to quantify the relevancy of the research performed. It is recommended that, in addition to the traditional means of dealing with the output of basic research such as publications, meetings, and visits, nontraditional means be employed that assist in communicating across the research-applications interface. These means include the assignment of well-reputed research managers as Science-technology coordinators as well as structured, nonadversarial priority setting through jointly performed rating schemes. Both of these approaches are not only aimed at improving the effectiveness and the speed of transitioning but also at fostering a balance between research-push and technology-pull.<>
{"title":"Transitioning research results: a challenge in communication","authors":"H. Hellwig","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183704","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines the need to translate between disciplines and technologies in order to facilitate transfer of information across the science-technology interface. Methods to manage this transfer are discussed, including the use of facilitators and of evaluative methods to quantify the relevancy of the research performed. It is recommended that, in addition to the traditional means of dealing with the output of basic research such as publications, meetings, and visits, nontraditional means be employed that assist in communicating across the research-applications interface. These means include the assignment of well-reputed research managers as Science-technology coordinators as well as structured, nonadversarial priority setting through jointly performed rating schemes. Both of these approaches are not only aimed at improving the effectiveness and the speed of transitioning but also at fostering a balance between research-push and technology-pull.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"47 1","pages":"516-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85028620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183779
V.P. Dorweiler, M. Tittl
In order to compete favorably in the auto parts supplier markets, domestically and internationally, participating firms must position their manufacturing to meet changing demands of the auto manufacturers. Changes in the supplier industry (30000 firms and 950000 workers) include both technological and business organizational changes. To determine possible industry-based strategies, research was conducted with select-positioned firms. Their information was correlated with literature and trade information regarding manufacturing systems. The authors report results of the systematic strategic management process approach to the environment (economic, social, political, and technological), and posits alternative approaches to survive and prosper in this industry. The competing strategy formulated for the auto parts supplier is focused on: (1) the shifting boundary of outsourcing/in-house decisions by the OEM; and (2) the changing position of the auto parts supplier to compete for the business.<>
{"title":"Technological, organizational and alliance strategies in the auto parts supplier industry","authors":"V.P. Dorweiler, M. Tittl","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183779","url":null,"abstract":"In order to compete favorably in the auto parts supplier markets, domestically and internationally, participating firms must position their manufacturing to meet changing demands of the auto manufacturers. Changes in the supplier industry (30000 firms and 950000 workers) include both technological and business organizational changes. To determine possible industry-based strategies, research was conducted with select-positioned firms. Their information was correlated with literature and trade information regarding manufacturing systems. The authors report results of the systematic strategic management process approach to the environment (economic, social, political, and technological), and posits alternative approaches to survive and prosper in this industry. The competing strategy formulated for the auto parts supplier is focused on: (1) the shifting boundary of outsourcing/in-house decisions by the OEM; and (2) the changing position of the auto parts supplier to compete for the business.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"19 1","pages":"704-708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87224796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183816
K. Chandrasekhar
It is noted that, in most of the developing countries, there is a great potential of technical talent due to the vast human resources available; yet, due to the direct result of lack of adequate management in engineering education this technical potential is lost to the developed countries. Many talented individuals find lucrative job opportunities in the developed countries, and hence are lured to settle there permanently. Hence there is an urgent need to seriously review the engineering management policies in these countries and set right this lacuna. It is contended that the fallacy that is committed in many of the developing countries is to consider engineering management akin to business administration. It is suggested that the foremost task should be to relate engineering education to the technological development of the industries. The engineering institutes should realize that they cannot function in a vacuum, but will have to reflect and respond to the needs of the people and thus transform the present society into one with a progressive outlook and take the developing countries with a forward technical thrust to the domain of advanced technical fields. The engineering education must be directed to achieve economic development and should aid in national integration in these countries.<>
{"title":"Management of engineering and technology in third world","authors":"K. Chandrasekhar","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183816","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that, in most of the developing countries, there is a great potential of technical talent due to the vast human resources available; yet, due to the direct result of lack of adequate management in engineering education this technical potential is lost to the developed countries. Many talented individuals find lucrative job opportunities in the developed countries, and hence are lured to settle there permanently. Hence there is an urgent need to seriously review the engineering management policies in these countries and set right this lacuna. It is contended that the fallacy that is committed in many of the developing countries is to consider engineering management akin to business administration. It is suggested that the foremost task should be to relate engineering education to the technological development of the industries. The engineering institutes should realize that they cannot function in a vacuum, but will have to reflect and respond to the needs of the people and thus transform the present society into one with a progressive outlook and take the developing countries with a forward technical thrust to the domain of advanced technical fields. The engineering education must be directed to achieve economic development and should aid in national integration in these countries.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"17 1","pages":"820-823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88023997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183614
P. Hermann-Lassabe, C. Courquin, C. Guidat de Queiroz
A method is proposed which responds to a two-fold problem: to organize the adapted valorization process from a scientific and technical result and to reduce the industrialization time of new technology. This necessitates the identification of the available know-how and the activities that could be possible, the adjustment of each product idea to the needs of the market, the determination of the specifications of the modifications to be made in the conception stage, the design of the new activity, and the promotion of exchanges between the different departments of the firm. These stages are illustrated by an industrial case dealing with the creation of a new activity in the field of aromatic raw materials. A review of the different cases in which this method has been used is presented. The proposed activity design method enables one to analyze the commercial positioning of the product or of the technical system. It also enables one to identify a certain number of design objectives of the economic activity.<>
{"title":"Activity design in product development","authors":"P. Hermann-Lassabe, C. Courquin, C. Guidat de Queiroz","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183614","url":null,"abstract":"A method is proposed which responds to a two-fold problem: to organize the adapted valorization process from a scientific and technical result and to reduce the industrialization time of new technology. This necessitates the identification of the available know-how and the activities that could be possible, the adjustment of each product idea to the needs of the market, the determination of the specifications of the modifications to be made in the conception stage, the design of the new activity, and the promotion of exchanges between the different departments of the firm. These stages are illustrated by an industrial case dealing with the creation of a new activity in the field of aromatic raw materials. A review of the different cases in which this method has been used is presented. The proposed activity design method enables one to analyze the commercial positioning of the product or of the technical system. It also enables one to identify a certain number of design objectives of the economic activity.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"2093 1","pages":"198-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91344661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183755
L. Rajczi
It is noted that technological innovations can modify, replace, or complement a company's existing set of core competencies. The author first reviews the research that has been done on a firm's response to any one of these effects. He then considers how a company with a diverse portfolio of interdependent core competencies can effectively manage the effect that numerous innovations (which simultaneously create, modify, and destroy these core competencies) have on different parts of the organization. Issues such as manpower planning, monetary constraints, and absorptive capacity is considered.<>
{"title":"A portfolio approach to managing technological innovations","authors":"L. Rajczi","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183755","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that technological innovations can modify, replace, or complement a company's existing set of core competencies. The author first reviews the research that has been done on a firm's response to any one of these effects. He then considers how a company with a diverse portfolio of interdependent core competencies can effectively manage the effect that numerous innovations (which simultaneously create, modify, and destroy these core competencies) have on different parts of the organization. Issues such as manpower planning, monetary constraints, and absorptive capacity is considered.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"27 1","pages":"640-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83038593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183807
N. Shapiro
The author proposes a novel approach to productivity model building. The concept is based on integrating component parts of existing eastern (Japanese) and western (American) models for possible use in the Soviet Union and other eastern European countries. It attempts to bridge cultural and traditional differences so as to present a model that is adaptable to varying economic conditions and external environments. The proposed model is basically a dichotomy utilizing a Nenko system type foundation and an open, mobile, managerial class superstructure.<>
{"title":"Target: increased productivity exploratory eastern European model","authors":"N. Shapiro","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183807","url":null,"abstract":"The author proposes a novel approach to productivity model building. The concept is based on integrating component parts of existing eastern (Japanese) and western (American) models for possible use in the Soviet Union and other eastern European countries. It attempts to bridge cultural and traditional differences so as to present a model that is adaptable to varying economic conditions and external environments. The proposed model is basically a dichotomy utilizing a Nenko system type foundation and an open, mobile, managerial class superstructure.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"24 1","pages":"785-786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88913205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183716
Xuping Jiang
The problem of how to get a final forecast by means of integrating both the forecasts of several models and the influence of large quantities of random factors that cannot be included in the forecast model is addressed. A method of solving this problem by using a structural model for processing the mathematics or systems models and semistructural methods for processing the influence of all kinds of random factors is presented. Practice has demonstrated that the results are much better than that of single forecasting model processing.<>
{"title":"An approach to methods for processing uncertain factors in short-term macroeconomic forecasting","authors":"Xuping Jiang","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183716","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of how to get a final forecast by means of integrating both the forecasts of several models and the influence of large quantities of random factors that cannot be included in the forecast model is addressed. A method of solving this problem by using a structural model for processing the mathematics or systems models and semistructural methods for processing the influence of all kinds of random factors is presented. Practice has demonstrated that the results are much better than that of single forecasting model processing.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"36 1","pages":"570-573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86772743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183707
Huang Zhen-li, Lei Ja-Su
A new thinking and model for technology diffusion are proposed, including many new concepts. The technology diffusion is considered to be related to four factors: the technology source, the diffusion space, the diffusion medium and the diffusion environment. Two forms of technology diffusion, the probability diffusion and the advection diffusion, are proposed in order to obtain the partial differential equations describing the technology diffusion. Some analytical solutions and their figures are shown.<>
{"title":"A new thinking and model for technology diffusion","authors":"Huang Zhen-li, Lei Ja-Su","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183707","url":null,"abstract":"A new thinking and model for technology diffusion are proposed, including many new concepts. The technology diffusion is considered to be related to four factors: the technology source, the diffusion space, the diffusion medium and the diffusion environment. Two forms of technology diffusion, the probability diffusion and the advection diffusion, are proposed in order to obtain the partial differential equations describing the technology diffusion. Some analytical solutions and their figures are shown.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"43 1","pages":"529-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88241081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：