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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Engineering (ICAICE 2022)最新文献

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Comparison of large-scale pre-trained models based ViT, swin transformer and ConvNeXt 基于ViT、swin变压器和ConvNeXt的大规模预训练模型的比较
Jiapeng Yu
In the field of computer vision, deep learning has developed tremendously, large-scale preforming has received increasing attention from experts and researchers. Different training models often have large performance gaps in training speed and accuracy when performing large-scale pre-training. In this case, choosing the appropriate model for large-scale pre-training is particularly important. This experiment uses the same image data set and the same hardware conditions to construct the image classification model respectively in the three mainstream image recognition large-scale pre-training models, Vision Transformer (VIT), Swin-Transformer and ConvNeXt, try to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each model by experimental results. It is observed that Vision Transformer has the fastest running speed in computer vision classification experiments, but its accuracy is not as good as the other two models, Swin-Transformer has the slowest speed and average accuracy, ConvNeXt has the highest accuracy, but its speed is mediocre. The results of this experiment have some reference significance for future model selection for large-scale pre-training tasks in computer vision, this can decrease training time and improve training accuracy to some extent.
在计算机视觉领域,深度学习得到了极大的发展,大规模预成型越来越受到专家和研究者的关注。不同的训练模型在进行大规模预训练时,往往在训练速度和准确率上存在较大的性能差距。在这种情况下,选择合适的模型进行大规模预训练就显得尤为重要。本实验使用相同的图像数据集和相同的硬件条件,分别在Vision Transformer (VIT)、swing -Transformer和ConvNeXt这三种主流图像识别大规模预训练模型中构建图像分类模型,并试图通过实验结果分析每种模型的优缺点。观察到,在计算机视觉分类实验中,Vision Transformer的运行速度最快,但其准确率不如其他两种模型,swan -Transformer的运行速度最慢,准确率平均,ConvNeXt的准确率最高,但速度一般。本实验结果对未来计算机视觉中大规模预训练任务的模型选择具有一定的参考意义,可以在一定程度上减少训练时间,提高训练精度。
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引用次数: 0
Parameter optimization design of isolated bridge based on improved genetic algorithm 基于改进遗传算法的隔离桥参数优化设计
Bin Huang
It is not uncommon for bridges to be damaged by earthquakes. As an important throat in the transportation network, earthquakes not only cause the loss of bridges themselves, but also cause a series of losses of the transportation network. In the design of bridge seismic isolation, the seismic isolation device is used to isolate the structure from the frequency band where the seismic energy is concentrated and reduce the seismic response of the structure by prolonging the period and increasing the damping. Compared with advanced countries in seismic research, there is a big gap in the research of mechanical model and parameters of seismic isolation devices in China's bridge seismic code. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the finite element sensitivity method and its application limitations, a sequential recurrence method for support optimization is proposed. The results of an example show that the sequential recurrence method has the advantages of strong adaptability and unconditional convergence. On the basis of the sequence recurrence method, the modified sequence recurrence method is further proposed. This method can take into account the influence of the pier inertia force and is applicable to a variety of support forms. After the genetic algorithm optimization calculation, the difference of the bending moment at the bottom of each pier can be controlled within, which solves the problem of large difference of the bending moment at the bottom of the pier under the longitudinal earthquake of irregular bridges.
桥梁被地震破坏并不罕见。地震作为交通运输网的重要咽喉,不仅会造成桥梁本身的损失,还会对交通运输网造成一系列的损失。在桥梁隔震设计中,采用隔震装置将结构与地震能量集中的频带隔震,通过延长周期和增加阻尼来减小结构的地震反应。中国桥梁抗震规范中隔震装置的力学模型和参数的研究与世界先进国家相比存在较大差距。在分析有限元灵敏度法的优缺点及其应用局限性的基础上,提出了一种求解支护优化的顺序递归法。算例结果表明,序列递推法具有适应性强、无条件收敛等优点。在序列递归法的基础上,进一步提出了改进的序列递归法。该方法可以考虑墩台惯性力的影响,适用于多种支护形式。通过遗传算法优化计算,可将各桥墩底部弯矩差控制在内,解决了不规则桥梁纵向地震作用下桥墩底部弯矩差大的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Hippocampus MRI diagnosis based on deep learning in application of preliminary screening of Alzheimer’s disease 基于深度学习的海马MRI诊断在阿尔茨海默病初步筛查中的应用
Bingchen Zhang, Wuhan Yu, Yang Lü, Zhifang Yang, Juan Yu, X. Fang, Lihua Chen
The morphological changes of the hippocampus in brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images are of great significance for the early screening of Alzheimer's disease. Currently, in clinical practice, the diagnosis of the hippocampus is achieved manually by doctors with experience. Because the hippocampus has the characteristics of small size, complex shape, and indistinct boundary with surrounding structures, manual segmentation, and grading of the hippocampus in brain MRI is time-consuming and labor-intensive, which is susceptible to errors because of human subjective judgment. To address that, this paper proposes a hippocampal MRI diagnosis algorithm based on Faster R-CNN and Mask R-CNN. The main contributions are 1) automatic identification of hippocampus in brain MRI by Faster R-CNN neural network, 2) precisely segmenting the hippocampus and judging the atrophy level through Mask R-CNN. Case studies are performed on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database and the medical records of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Results indicate that the proposed method achieves a good segmentation effect on the hippocampus in the coronal MRI image of the brain and accurately grades the level of hippocampal atrophy, which can better assist doctors in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.
脑磁共振成像(MRI)图像中海马的形态学变化对阿尔茨海默病的早期筛查具有重要意义。目前,在临床实践中,海马体的诊断是由有经验的医生手动完成的。由于海马体积小、形状复杂、与周围结构边界模糊等特点,在脑MRI中对海马进行人工分割、分级费时费力,容易因人的主观判断而产生误差。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于Faster R-CNN和Mask R-CNN的海马MRI诊断算法。主要贡献有:1)Faster R-CNN神经网络在脑MRI中自动识别海马;2)通过Mask R-CNN对海马进行精确分割并判断萎缩程度。案例研究在阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议(ADNI)数据库和重庆医科大学第一附属医院的医疗记录上进行。结果表明,本文提出的方法对大脑冠状核磁共振图像中海马的分割效果较好,能准确分级海马萎缩程度,能更好地辅助医生诊断阿尔茨海默病。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-classification recognition of blood cell images based on transfer learning 基于迁移学习的血细胞图像多分类识别
Shuokun Yang, Fucheng You, D. Sun
In this paper, three convolutional neural network models are used to achieve end-to-end recognition of blood cell images. The network model parameters are initialized by transfer learning from the pre-trained model on ImageNet, and then the blood cell images are input into the model, and the network model training is completed by back-propagation to continuously update the parameters. For small-scale datasets, the number of blood cell images is expanded using data increments to improve the generalization ability of the model. Experimental results on the BCCD dataset show that the best result MobileNetV2 achieves an accuracy and precision of 0.894 and 0.916, respectively.
本文采用三种卷积神经网络模型实现对血细胞图像的端到端识别。通过在ImageNet上对预训练模型进行迁移学习初始化网络模型参数,然后将血细胞图像输入到模型中,通过反向传播完成网络模型训练,不断更新参数。对于小规模的数据集,使用数据增量来扩展血细胞图像的数量,以提高模型的泛化能力。在BCCD数据集上的实验结果表明,最佳结果MobileNetV2的准确率和精密度分别达到0.894和0.916。
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引用次数: 0
Crop weed image recognition of UAV based on improved HRNet-OCRNet 基于改进HRNet-OCRNet的无人机作物杂草图像识别
Yong Yang, Jing Ma, Fuheng Qu, Tianyu Ding, Haoji Shan
Aiming at the problem of low model recognition accuracy caused by high similarity and mutual occlusion between crops and weeds in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images, a pixel-level weed recognition method based on improved HRNet-OCRNet is proposed. In this method, a multi-stage and multi-scale feature fusion method is added to HRNet to preserve more details and enhance semantic information at different levels, to solve the problem of high similarity between crops and weeds. The spatial self-attention module of Polarized Self-Attention (PSA) is integrated to HRNet, enhance the network's learning of important features, and reduce the false identification caused by mutual occlusion of crops and weeds. The expansion prediction method is used to generate an accurate distribution map of crop weeds. Compared with Deeplabv3+, GCNet and K-Net, the experimental results show that the proposed method has higher recognition accuracy for crop weeds, and mean intersection over union (mIoU) reaches 85.76%.
针对无人机(UAV)图像中作物与杂草高度相似和相互遮挡导致的模型识别精度低的问题,提出了一种基于改进HRNet-OCRNet的像素级杂草识别方法。该方法在HRNet中加入一种多阶段、多尺度的特征融合方法,在不同层次上保留更多细节,增强语义信息,解决作物与杂草高度相似的问题。将极化自注意(PSA)的空间自注意模块集成到HRNet中,增强网络对重要特征的学习,减少作物与杂草相互遮挡造成的错误识别。利用扩展预测方法生成准确的作物杂草分布图。实验结果表明,与Deeplabv3+、GCNet和K-Net相比,该方法对农作物杂草具有更高的识别准确率,平均mIoU达到85.76%。
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引用次数: 0
Research on modeling method of aeroengine on-board model based on flight data 基于飞行数据的航空发动机机载模型建模方法研究
Cheng Chen, Qiangang Zheng, Haibo Zhang
In order to build an aeroengine on-board model with full envelope, full state, high accuracy and high real-time, a modeling method based on flight data is proposed. This method builds state variable model based on component level model. Considering the influence of Reynolds number, power extraction, air bleed and other factors, the steady state model of the on-board model is modified based on regression analysis using flight data to reduce the modeling error caused by individual engine differences. At the same time, in order to compensate the residual steady-state error, a steady-state error model based on Gaussian Mixture Model Neural Network (GMM-NN) is established. Considering the need to reconstruct the speed sensor, the speed signal cannot be used as the scheduling variable to build a new scheduling variable, which has less dynamic error compared to taking fuel as the scheduling variable. Compared with the traditional model, the input of this model is only control variables and flight conditions, and it can reconstruct the signals of speed, pressure, temperature and other sensors. At the same time, it has the advantages of simple structure, no iterative calculation and high accuracy. Compared with flight data, the maximum dynamic error of compressor outlet total pressure of the new scheduling variable model is 3.564%, which is 4.13 times higher than the maximum relative error of 14.735% of the fuel scheduling model. In the verification of multi flight data, the average errors of LP rotor speed, HP rotor speed, compressor outlet total pressure and LP turbine outlet total temperature are 0.52%, 0.39%, 0.53% and 0.9% respectively, meeting the accuracy requirements of the project.
为了建立全包络、全状态、高精度、高实时性的航空发动机机载模型,提出了一种基于飞行数据的建模方法。该方法在构件级模型的基础上建立状态变量模型。考虑到雷诺数、抽功率、引气等因素的影响,利用飞行数据进行回归分析,对机载模型的稳态模型进行修正,以减少单个发动机差异造成的建模误差。同时,为了补偿剩余稳态误差,建立了基于高斯混合模型神经网络(GMM-NN)的稳态误差模型。考虑到速度传感器需要重构,不能将速度信号作为调度变量构建新的调度变量,与以燃油为调度变量相比,动态误差较小。与传统模型相比,该模型的输入仅为控制变量和飞行条件,可以重构速度、压力、温度等传感器的信号。同时具有结构简单、无需迭代计算、精度高等优点。与飞行数据相比,新调度变量模型的压缩机出口总压最大动态误差为3.564%,是燃油调度模型最大相对误差14.735%的4.13倍。在多次飞行数据验证中,低压转子转速、高压转子转速、压气机出口总压和低压涡轮出口总温的平均误差分别为0.52%、0.39%、0.53%和0.9%,满足项目精度要求。
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引用次数: 0
Weibo rumor detection based on GCN 基于GCN的微博谣言检测
Q. Zhang, Yongzhi Zhu, Chuanhao Lan, Qinghang Mao, Yikai Cui
In the era of information explosion, rumors will cause great harm and affect social stability. Most rumor detection methods concentrate on extracting features from content and consumer information. We propose a brand-new approach to early rumor identification, MSR-GAT. Firstly, the source text and comment text are fused as node features and the relation between events is considered edge information. Then, the graph attention model is constructed to classify nodes and complete rumor detection. The experimental findings demonstrate that the detection algorithm outperforms the baselines algorithm in accuracy, precision, recall and F1-Measure. It can accurately identify rumors.
在信息爆炸的时代,谣言会造成很大的危害,影响社会稳定。大多数谣言检测方法集中于从内容和消费者信息中提取特征。我们提出了一种全新的早期谣言识别方法,MSR-GAT。首先,将源文本和评论文本融合为节点特征,并将事件之间的关系视为边缘信息;然后,构造图注意模型对节点进行分类,完成谣言检测。实验结果表明,该检测算法在准确率、精密度、召回率和F1-Measure等方面均优于基线算法。它可以准确地识别谣言。
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引用次数: 0
A new min-max limit protection design method for aero-engine based on inverse mapping 基于逆映射的航空发动机最小-最大极限保护设计新方法
Zhengchen Zhu, Qiangang Zheng, Shubo Zhang
In order to improve the control accuracy of aero-engine operation limits, a novel design approach of Min-Max limit protection is proposed. The inverse mapping models of different limits based on On-Line Sliding Window Deep Neural Network (OL SW DNN) are proposed and established firstly. The OL SW DNN models calculate the limit value of fuel flows to ensure that engine satisfies all operation limits. The operation restrictions in the proposed method can vary in different flight conditions. With the application of on-line learning modeling method, the engine can always operate within the given operation limits no matter whether engine degrades or not. Moreover, the OL SW DNN adopts deep learning structure and has strong fitting capacity for the nonlinear object. The comparison simulations of the popular limit protection design method based on optimization method and the proposed one are carried out. Compared with the popular method, the limit line of each operation limits in the proposed method not only has much higher accuracy especially when engine appears degradation, but also can be continuous change.
为了提高航空发动机运行限值的控制精度,提出了一种新的最小-最大限值保护设计方法。首先提出并建立了基于在线滑动窗口深度神经网络(OL SW DNN)的不同极限的逆映射模型。OL SW DNN模型计算燃油流量的极限值,以确保发动机满足所有运行极限。在不同的飞行条件下,所提出的方法的操作限制是不同的。应用在线学习建模方法,无论发动机是否退化,发动机都能在给定的工况范围内运行。此外,OL SW深度神经网络采用深度学习结构,对非线性对象具有较强的拟合能力。对常用的基于优化方法的限位保护设计方法与本文提出的限位保护设计方法进行了对比仿真。与常用方法相比,该方法的各工况极限线精度更高,特别是在发动机出现退化时,而且可以连续变化。
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引用次数: 0
Research on defect detection algorithm of strip steel based on improved YOLOv4 基于改进YOLOv4的带钢缺陷检测算法研究
Sun Qiang, Sheng Bo
To address the current problems of wide range of strip steel surface defect size variation, slow detection efficiency, low detection accuracy, and difficulty of mobile-side model deployment, an improved YOLOv4 algorithm model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, in order to improve the robustness of the model, data augmentation is applied to the dataset. Secondly, in order to improve the matching between the a priori frame and the feature map, the K-means++ algorithm with faster convergence and better results is used instead of the K-means algorithm in the original YOLO algorithm for the design of the a priori frame. Finally, CSPDarknet is specifically replaced for the Ghostnet to enhance the backbone network's ability to extract defective features. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv4 algorithm achieves 87.9% mAP on the publicly available NEU-DET dataset, which is 2.4% lower than the original YOLOv4 algorithm. However, the number of parameters of the model decreases by 80% compared with the original YOLOv4, and the detection speed is around 44 FPS, which can not only meet the needs of industrial production, but also meet the requirements of deploying the model to mobile.
针对目前带钢表面缺陷尺寸变化范围大、检测效率慢、检测精度低、移动端模型部署困难等问题,本文提出了一种改进的YOLOv4算法模型。首先,为了提高模型的鲁棒性,对数据集进行数据增强。其次,为了提高先验框架与特征映射的匹配性,采用收敛速度更快、效果更好的k -means++算法代替原YOLO算法中的K-means算法进行先验框架的设计。最后,CSPDarknet被专门替换为Ghostnet,以增强骨干网提取缺陷特征的能力。实验结果表明,改进的YOLOv4算法在公开的nue - det数据集上的mAP率达到87.9%,比原来的YOLOv4算法降低了2.4%。但是,该模型的参数数量比原来的YOLOv4减少了80%,检测速度在44 FPS左右,不仅可以满足工业生产的需求,也可以满足将模型部署到移动设备的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Research and implementation of deep-learning-based stock opening price forecasting system 基于深度学习的股票开盘价格预测系统的研究与实现
S. Mali
As economic globalization advances, financial market is increasingly favored by investors. With the development and strong demand of financial market, the forecast of stock price trend has aroused widespread attentions from both the academic and industry. As is well known, stock investment has both high returns and high risks. However, it is difficult to quantify the internal and external factors that affect stock market fluctuations, and it is also difficult to process massive and complex stock data. Therefore, traditional non-artificial intelligence approaches are not always satisfactory in forecasting stock price. Therefore, it has great significance to use big data technologies to excavate massive useful information hidden in stocks as well as to use neural network technology such as LSTM to further solve the problem of stock price trend forecast. In the paper, we report a development and implementation of deep learning-based stock opening price forecasting system based.
随着经济全球化的推进,金融市场越来越受到投资者的青睐。随着金融市场的发展和需求的旺盛,股票价格走势预测引起了学术界和业界的广泛关注。众所周知,股票投资既有高回报,也有高风险。然而,影响股市波动的内外部因素难以量化,海量复杂的股票数据也难以处理。因此,传统的非人工智能方法在股票价格预测中并不总是令人满意。因此,利用大数据技术挖掘隐藏在股票中的海量有用信息,利用LSTM等神经网络技术进一步解决股价走势预测问题具有重要意义。本文报道了一种基于深度学习的股票开盘价格预测系统的开发与实现。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Engineering (ICAICE 2022)
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