Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among clones for fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield, bunch number and average bunch weight at P<0.01. Highly significant year effects at P<0.01 were also noted for FFB yield and yield component traits. Mean FFB yield in the first five years of harvesting for 11 clones was 206. 03 kg per palm per year or 28.02 tonnes per hectare per year, which was 16 per cent higher than the control commercial DxP seedlings. Coefficient of variation (CV) analysis showed that the clones had lower CV values as compared to the control commercial DxP seedlings for FFB yield and its component traits. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the bunch and fruit component traits at P<0.01.The top ranking clones, 10-S25 and 41-T37, had oil to bunch of more than 30 per cent while the lowest oil to bunch of 22.95 per cent was recorded by clone 3-S4. For oil yield, overall mean for clones was 8.09 tonnes per hectare per year which was 23 per cent higher than the control commercial DxP seedlings (6.56 tonnes/ha/year). Three clones (10-S25, 41-T37 and 49-U12) with estimated oil yield of more than 8 tonnes per hectare per year were recommended as ortets for the next re-cloning programme because they met the Malaysian Standard (MS 2099:2008) for ortet selection. Keywords: Tenera clones, oil yield performance, FFB yield performance and re-cloning.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF Tenera CLONES ON COASTAL SOILS IN LOWER PERAK, MALAYSIA","authors":"B. Musa, O. HAFIZUL AZLAN, M. H. HASNOOR LAILI","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.011","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among clones for fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield, bunch number and average bunch weight at P<0.01. Highly significant year effects at P<0.01 were also noted for FFB yield and yield component traits. Mean FFB yield in the first five years of harvesting for 11 clones was 206. 03 kg per palm per year or 28.02 tonnes per hectare per year, which was 16 per cent higher than the control commercial DxP seedlings. Coefficient of variation (CV) analysis showed that the clones had lower CV values as compared to the control commercial DxP seedlings for FFB yield and its component traits. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the bunch and fruit component traits at P<0.01.The top ranking clones, 10-S25 and 41-T37, had oil to bunch of more than 30 per cent while the lowest oil to bunch of 22.95 per cent was recorded by clone 3-S4. For oil yield, overall mean for clones was 8.09 tonnes per hectare per year which was 23 per cent higher than the control commercial DxP seedlings (6.56 tonnes/ha/year). Three clones (10-S25, 41-T37 and 49-U12) with estimated oil yield of more than 8 tonnes per hectare per year were recommended as ortets for the next re-cloning programme because they met the Malaysian Standard (MS 2099:2008) for ortet selection. Keywords: Tenera clones, oil yield performance, FFB yield performance and re-cloning.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79116151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MS 157, the Malaysian standard for commercial oil palm seed, first came out in 1973. There have been four revisions since and the current fifth standard is MS 157:2017. The standard has greatly contributed to the massive expansion in palm oil production in Malaysia from the 1970s to the present, setting the benchmark for quality planting materials. Compiled without any legal power for enforcement, its clout derives from it being the pre-requisite quality for the seeds to be sold in Malaysia. The standard, essentially, specifies the quality for oil palm seeds to be planted commercially. Anyone can sell / plant any seed, but to set up shop to sell seeds, the sellers have to be licenced and the licensing requires that only seeds satisfying MS 157 standard be sold. Seedlings, including clonal ramets, are not covered. During the 45 years of its evolution, keywords have been defined and the definitions honed, and performance criteria revised for the different types of genetic stocks used to produce the seeds. The shift in emphasis from parental performance, particularly of dura mother palms, to that of DxP progenies mirrors the shift from dura as planting material at the dawn of oil palm growing in Malaysia to DxP from the 1960s. Clonal seeds are gradually increasing in market share but there are no specific provisions in MS 157 yet. The 2017 revision missed recent developments in oil palm genomics which could have strengthened the standard further, but this can be done in its next iteration. Keywords: D x P, seeds, standard.
{"title":"MS 157: AN EVOLVING STORY","authors":"V. Rao, K. Chang","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.012","url":null,"abstract":"MS 157, the Malaysian standard for commercial oil palm seed, first came out in 1973. There have been four revisions since and the current fifth standard is MS 157:2017. The standard has greatly contributed to the massive expansion in palm oil production in Malaysia from the 1970s to the present, setting the benchmark for quality planting materials. Compiled without any legal power for enforcement, its clout derives from it being the pre-requisite quality for the seeds to be sold in Malaysia. The standard, essentially, specifies the quality for oil palm seeds to be planted commercially. Anyone can sell / plant any seed, but to set up shop to sell seeds, the sellers have to be licenced and the licensing requires that only seeds satisfying MS 157 standard be sold. Seedlings, including clonal ramets, are not covered. During the 45 years of its evolution, keywords have been defined and the definitions honed, and performance criteria revised for the different types of genetic stocks used to produce the seeds. The shift in emphasis from parental performance, particularly of dura mother palms, to that of DxP progenies mirrors the shift from dura as planting material at the dawn of oil palm growing in Malaysia to DxP from the 1960s. Clonal seeds are gradually increasing in market share but there are no specific provisions in MS 157 yet. The 2017 revision missed recent developments in oil palm genomics which could have strengthened the standard further, but this can be done in its next iteration. Keywords: D x P, seeds, standard.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76004527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coconut (Cocos nucifera) or commonly known as 'tree of life ' is planted in over 90 countries, mainly in Asia, Pacific Islands and South America. The total world planted area of coconut is about 12 million ha with the annual estimated potential production of70 billion nuts. Currently, India, Indonesia and Philippines are the major coconut producers, contributing more than 75 per cent of the total global production. The coconut industry has shown rapid growth in the development of coconut products and is in great demand from the American, European, Middle East and East Asian markets. Coconut oil, copra meal, desiccated coconut and coir products are the traditional coconut products, whereas coconut water, virgin coconut oil, coconut milk and cream are amongst those that show the fastest growth. New coconut hybrids have been introduced, whereby their potential copra yield ranged from 7. 65 to 9.12 tonnes per hectare per year. New invasive pests such as Brontispa longissima, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Aceria guerreronis and Aspidiotus rigidus have recently been reported attacking coconut farms in South East Asia. Meanwhile, lethal yellowing disease (LYD) that is caused by phytoplasma is the most devastating coconut disease that is currently affecting the coconut production in the Caribbean, Americas and African countries. However, the recent discovery of Bogia coconut syndrome in Papua New Guinea (PNG), the first report of a lethal yellowing disease in Oceania, brings great concern. The coconut industry is driven by the rapid growth and significant demand of coconut based products globally, which has proven to generate greater economic returns for the coconut producers. Therefore, the countries that are heavily dependent on a single industrial crop should take this opportunity to diversify their plantation crop to coconut as their new economic crop. Keywords: Coconut production, coconut supply and demand, coconut products, planting material, pest and disease.
{"title":"THE CURRENT SCENARIO AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COCONUT INDUSTRY","authors":"K. H. Then","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.010","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut (Cocos nucifera) or commonly known as 'tree of life ' is planted in over 90 countries, mainly in Asia, Pacific Islands and South America. The total world planted area of coconut is about 12 million ha with the annual estimated potential production of70 billion nuts. Currently, India, Indonesia and Philippines are the major coconut producers, contributing more than 75 per cent of the total global production. The coconut industry has shown rapid growth in the development of coconut products and is in great demand from the American, European, Middle East and East Asian markets. Coconut oil, copra meal, desiccated coconut and coir products are the traditional coconut products, whereas coconut water, virgin coconut oil, coconut milk and cream are amongst those that show the fastest growth. New coconut hybrids have been introduced, whereby their potential copra yield ranged from 7. 65 to 9.12 tonnes per hectare per year. New invasive pests such as Brontispa longissima, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Aceria guerreronis and Aspidiotus rigidus have recently been reported attacking coconut farms in South East Asia. Meanwhile, lethal yellowing disease (LYD) that is caused by phytoplasma is the most devastating coconut disease that is currently affecting the coconut production in the Caribbean, Americas and African countries. However, the recent discovery of Bogia coconut syndrome in Papua New Guinea (PNG), the first report of a lethal yellowing disease in Oceania, brings great concern. The coconut industry is driven by the rapid growth and significant demand of coconut based products globally, which has proven to generate greater economic returns for the coconut producers. Therefore, the countries that are heavily dependent on a single industrial crop should take this opportunity to diversify their plantation crop to coconut as their new economic crop. Keywords: Coconut production, coconut supply and demand, coconut products, planting material, pest and disease.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75715028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. L. Cheong, Wentriko Manullang, Eng Keong Saw, L. Ooi
An improved method of controlling unwanted banana plant (Musa spp.) with a mixture of glyphosate isopropylamine 48.6 per cent w/v, metsulfuron-methyl 20 per cent w/w and water in the ratio 4:1:16 is reported in this paper. Field trials in an oil palm plantation showed that a single application of 0.5 ml to 0. 6 ml of this mixture soaked in bamboo stick was able to achieve 100 per cent mortality in a single application inserted into the basal region of the trunk of the banana plant. Follow-up treatment was not necessary as the treatment also prevented the growth of any suckers. On the other hand, although the conventional method of using 2,4-D amine 86.5 per cent w/v and water in ratio 1:6 was able to achieve 100 per cent mortality, it was unable to prevent the growth of suckers satisfactorily. The treatments were done on standing banana plants that have not been po/larded as is commonly done. Keywords: Musa spp., weed management, unwanted banana plant, glyphosate, metsulfuron-methyl, 2,4- D amine
{"title":"IMPROVED CONTROL ON UNWANTED BANANA PLANT (Musa spp.)","authors":"Y. L. Cheong, Wentriko Manullang, Eng Keong Saw, L. Ooi","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.009","url":null,"abstract":"An improved method of controlling unwanted banana plant (Musa spp.) with a mixture of glyphosate isopropylamine 48.6 per cent w/v, metsulfuron-methyl 20 per cent w/w and water in the ratio 4:1:16 is reported in this paper. Field trials in an oil palm plantation showed that a single application of 0.5 ml to 0. 6 ml of this mixture soaked in bamboo stick was able to achieve 100 per cent mortality in a single application inserted into the basal region of the trunk of the banana plant. Follow-up treatment was not necessary as the treatment also prevented the growth of any suckers. On the other hand, although the conventional method of using 2,4-D amine 86.5 per cent w/v and water in ratio 1:6 was able to achieve 100 per cent mortality, it was unable to prevent the growth of suckers satisfactorily. The treatments were done on standing banana plants that have not been po/larded as is commonly done. Keywords: Musa spp., weed management, unwanted banana plant, glyphosate, metsulfuron-methyl, 2,4- D amine","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78407769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most of the large peat areas in Indonesia and Malaysia have a dome-shaped surface with an inverted saucer-shaped interface between the underlying peat/mineral contact. This results in the peat dome having a lens-shaped cross-section. The concept of drainability is determined by referring the elevation of the peat dome surface in relation to the mean height of the river level to which the peat dome is being drained to. Where this dome surface is lower than the mean elevation of the water in the river, backflow into the peat area can take place. With global warming and climate change being experienced these days, the development of peat swamps for agricultural activities may result in such a backflow. This is attributed to subsidence, decomposition and compaction of the peat after a period of agricultural development/activity having taken place. In the case of oil palm cultivation, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), or the Malaysian/Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO/ISPO) Certification Scheme and the Greenpeace initiative requires existing oil palm estates to conduct a drainability study to determine if the estate may in the future have backflow from the river into the estate. This determines the length of time the estate can use natural drainage and not resort to expensive pumping. This paper reviews the concept of drainability and the problems associated in determining the drainability of peat domes. The usage of instruments such as altimeter and global positioning system (GPS) are also discussed. With the advent of technology, the determination of drainability on peat dome is made easier but remain challenging e.g. hindering the drainability team to survey along the banks of the river by native peoples. A few examples from Malaysia also are presented in this paper. Keywords: Drainability, peat dome, oil palm, climate change, RSPO.
{"title":"DRAINABILITY OF PEAT DOME AREAS","authors":"S. Paramananthan, M. Wong, P. U T, V. J R","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.008","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the large peat areas in Indonesia and Malaysia have a dome-shaped surface with an inverted saucer-shaped interface between the underlying peat/mineral contact. This results in the peat dome having a lens-shaped cross-section. The concept of drainability is determined by referring the elevation of the peat dome surface in relation to the mean height of the river level to which the peat dome is being drained to. Where this dome surface is lower than the mean elevation of the water in the river, backflow into the peat area can take place. With global warming and climate change being experienced these days, the development of peat swamps for agricultural activities may result in such a backflow. This is attributed to subsidence, decomposition and compaction of the peat after a period of agricultural development/activity having taken place. In the case of oil palm cultivation, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), or the Malaysian/Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO/ISPO) Certification Scheme and the Greenpeace initiative requires existing oil palm estates to conduct a drainability study to determine if the estate may in the future have backflow from the river into the estate. This determines the length of time the estate can use natural drainage and not resort to expensive pumping. This paper reviews the concept of drainability and the problems associated in determining the drainability of peat domes. The usage of instruments such as altimeter and global positioning system (GPS) are also discussed. With the advent of technology, the determination of drainability on peat dome is made easier but remain challenging e.g. hindering the drainability team to survey along the banks of the river by native peoples. A few examples from Malaysia also are presented in this paper. Keywords: Drainability, peat dome, oil palm, climate change, RSPO.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74283361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rats are the most important amongst the many vertebrate pests of oil palm. They occur in nurseries, immature and mature oilpalm plantation areas and can cause substantial economic loses to the plantations. A study was conducted to determine the species and population of the rats as well as to assess the crop damage in a mature oil palm area in Central Kalimantan province. Five study plots were established at randomly selected fields in five oil palm estates and the rat populations were estimated using the 'catch, marked and recapture' (CMR) technique. The house rat, Rattus rattus diardii, was the only rat species found from live-trapping using wire mesh drop door traps. Using the CMR technique, the population of the Rattus rattus diardii was estimated; it ranged from 185 to 718 rats per hectare among the five trapping plots. The average rat population was 384 rats per hectare over the five estates. The percentage of palms with fresh rat damage on fresh fruit bunches (FFB), ranged from low to moderate, i.e. 5 -15 per cent. Generally, it was observed that high rat population amounted to high number of palms with fresh damage on FFB. The potential crop losses were calculated for the five estates and it ranged from USD 201.48 to USD 779.64 per hectare per year. At the average potential crop loss of USD 417.42 per hectare per year, the combined potential loss for the five estates with a total area of about 20 000 ha amounted to USD 8.35 million. This study also indicated that the house rat, Rattus rattus diardii, was the sole rat species found to be well established in the mature oil palm plantation areas of Central Kalimantan. Side observation from this study indicated that barn owl population augmentation did not result in the desired level of rat control. Hence, the need for a pragmatic integrated approach incorporating both judicious rat baiting together with biological control of rats using barn owls. Keywords: Oil palm, rat species, rat population, catch, marked and recapture (CMR), Rattus rattus diardii, crop losses.
{"title":"A STUDY OF RAT SPECIES, THEIR POPULATIONS AND CROP DAMAGE IN MATURE OIL PALM PLANTATIONS IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN","authors":"R. Balasubramaniam, G. F. Chung","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.007","url":null,"abstract":"Rats are the most important amongst the many vertebrate pests of oil palm. They occur in nurseries, immature and mature oilpalm plantation areas and can cause substantial economic loses to the plantations. A study was conducted to determine the species and population of the rats as well as to assess the crop damage in a mature oil palm area in Central Kalimantan province. Five study plots were established at randomly selected fields in five oil palm estates and the rat populations were estimated using the 'catch, marked and recapture' (CMR) technique. The house rat, Rattus rattus diardii, was the only rat species found from live-trapping using wire mesh drop door traps. Using the CMR technique, the population of the Rattus rattus diardii was estimated; it ranged from 185 to 718 rats per hectare among the five trapping plots. The average rat population was 384 rats per hectare over the five estates. The percentage of palms with fresh rat damage on fresh fruit bunches (FFB), ranged from low to moderate, i.e. 5 -15 per cent. Generally, it was observed that high rat population amounted to high number of palms with fresh damage on FFB. The potential crop losses were calculated for the five estates and it ranged from USD 201.48 to USD 779.64 per hectare per year. At the average potential crop loss of USD 417.42 per hectare per year, the combined potential loss for the five estates with a total area of about 20 000 ha amounted to USD 8.35 million. This study also indicated that the house rat, Rattus rattus diardii, was the sole rat species found to be well established in the mature oil palm plantation areas of Central Kalimantan. Side observation from this study indicated that barn owl population augmentation did not result in the desired level of rat control. Hence, the need for a pragmatic integrated approach incorporating both judicious rat baiting together with biological control of rats using barn owls. Keywords: Oil palm, rat species, rat population, catch, marked and recapture (CMR), Rattus rattus diardii, crop losses.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86304735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Responsible low emission in new oilpalm development is becoming a necessity for the industry. The results of projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emission associated with new oil palm development by Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) members in Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, South America and Africa are presented. These results were obtained from GHG Assessment Report submissions (through RSPO New Planting Procedure) from the year 2015 to 2017, demonstrated the use of RSPO GHG Assessment Procedure for New Development in land use planning to ensure that new plantation developments are designed to minimise net GHG emission. These new oil palm developments are planned on 193 857.24 ha of which 127 620 ha (66%) is proposed to be developed and the balance in set-aside areas resulting in a projected net emission reduction of about 2 million tCO2eq or 1.54 tCO2eq/tCPO. The emission reduction comes from avoiding planting on peat and establishing conservation areas which accounted for about 34 per cent of the areas as well as adopting other emission reduction strategies. It also demonstrated the commitment to public reporting. The results also showed that the RSPO GHG Assessment Procedure for New Development is a useful tool to assist growers in achieving low carbon new oil palm development. Identification and estimation of the potential sources of emission and sinks of carbon from plantations enables designing of new oil palm development, including mitigation plan in minimising net GHG emissions. Keywords: Oil palm, RSPO, criterion 7.8, GHG emission, PalmGHG, emission hotspots, LCA.
{"title":"TOWARDS LOW GHG EMISSION IN NEW OIL PALM DEVELOPMENT-RESULTS OF RSPO’S APPROACH","authors":"L. T. Gan, F. Parish, Henry Cai, Javin Tan","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.006","url":null,"abstract":"Responsible low emission in new oilpalm development is becoming a necessity for the industry. The results of projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emission associated with new oil palm development by Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) members in Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, South America and Africa are presented. These results were obtained from GHG Assessment Report submissions (through RSPO New Planting Procedure) from the year 2015 to 2017, demonstrated the use of RSPO GHG Assessment Procedure for New Development in land use planning to ensure that new plantation developments are designed to minimise net GHG emission. These new oil palm developments are planned on 193 857.24 ha of which 127 620 ha (66%) is proposed to be developed and the balance in set-aside areas resulting in a projected net emission reduction of about 2 million tCO2eq or 1.54 tCO2eq/tCPO. The emission reduction comes from avoiding planting on peat and establishing conservation areas which accounted for about 34 per cent of the areas as well as adopting other emission reduction strategies. It also demonstrated the commitment to public reporting. The results also showed that the RSPO GHG Assessment Procedure for New Development is a useful tool to assist growers in achieving low carbon new oil palm development. Identification and estimation of the potential sources of emission and sinks of carbon from plantations enables designing of new oil palm development, including mitigation plan in minimising net GHG emissions. Keywords: Oil palm, RSPO, criterion 7.8, GHG emission, PalmGHG, emission hotspots, LCA.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"279 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77322461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. L. Cheong, Susanto Baharuddin, Eng Keong Saw, L. Ooi
A weed control trial was carried out in a two-year-old immature oil palm planting to evaluate the efficacy of metsulfaron-methyl against Dianella ensifolia, an evergreen perennial shrub. Results from 13 weeks' evaluation showed that metsulfuron-methyl at 90 g a.i. per hectare alone was effective against the weed with 100 per cent control and there was no regrowth when the trial was terminated at the thirteenth week after treatment. Keywords: Dianella ensifolia, metsulfaron-methyl, weed management.
{"title":"METSULFURON-METHYL FOR THE CONTROL OF DIANELLA ENSIFOLIA","authors":"Y. L. Cheong, Susanto Baharuddin, Eng Keong Saw, L. Ooi","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.005","url":null,"abstract":"A weed control trial was carried out in a two-year-old immature oil palm planting to evaluate the efficacy of metsulfaron-methyl against Dianella ensifolia, an evergreen perennial shrub. Results from 13 weeks' evaluation showed that metsulfuron-methyl at 90 g a.i. per hectare alone was effective against the weed with 100 per cent control and there was no regrowth when the trial was terminated at the thirteenth week after treatment. Keywords: Dianella ensifolia, metsulfaron-methyl, weed management.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88877411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In part 1, the presently available environmental schemes applicable to the oil palm industry have been outlined. At present environmentally speaking, the Malaysian oil palm industry is attempting to secure recognition for the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Certification Scheme which is based on a Malaysian standard drawn up by the industry. This move was spearheaded with the support from industry organisations and members facilitated by MPOB. The MSPO scheme will be mandatory for the Malaysian oil palm industry in the near future and is parallel to the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil scheme (ISPO). This paper advocates the establishment of a national scheme for environmentally friendly oil palm products based on the ISO 14000 family of standards. With this proposed claim, Malaysian palm oil and oil palm products can then be marketed or branded as environmentally friendly products. As the ISO 14000 family of standards fully supports the environmental sustainability aspect, products accepted as being environmentally friendly can be deemed to be produced sustainably. Since the scheme is based on the ISO 14000 family of standards and independently certified as such by independent third party assessors, this scheme will have a good chance of being accepted by overseas consumers and buyers of Malaysian palm oil and oil palm products. Keywords: Palm oil, environmentally friendly, sustainability, ISO 14000 standards, independent certification, MSPO, environment labelling, branding.
{"title":"MALAYSIA OIL PALM INDUSTRY-ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND PRESENT SCENARIO: PART 2: AN ALTERNATIVE FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECTION","authors":"C. Chong","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.004","url":null,"abstract":"In part 1, the presently available environmental schemes applicable to the oil palm industry have been outlined. At present environmentally speaking, the Malaysian oil palm industry is attempting to secure recognition for the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Certification Scheme which is based on a Malaysian standard drawn up by the industry. This move was spearheaded with the support from industry organisations and members facilitated by MPOB. The MSPO scheme will be mandatory for the Malaysian oil palm industry in the near future and is parallel to the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil scheme (ISPO). This paper advocates the establishment of a national scheme for environmentally friendly oil palm products based on the ISO 14000 family of standards. With this proposed claim, Malaysian palm oil and oil palm products can then be marketed or branded as environmentally friendly products. As the ISO 14000 family of standards fully supports the environmental sustainability aspect, products accepted as being environmentally friendly can be deemed to be produced sustainably. Since the scheme is based on the ISO 14000 family of standards and independently certified as such by independent third party assessors, this scheme will have a good chance of being accepted by overseas consumers and buyers of Malaysian palm oil and oil palm products. Keywords: Palm oil, environmentally friendly, sustainability, ISO 14000 standards, independent certification, MSPO, environment labelling, branding.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90427659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From an environment point of view, the global oil palm industry is at a crossroad. Organisations in the industry are finding it increasingly difficult to meet the new criteria introduced by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), in addition to the high cost of implementation of RSPO and certification and the low premium for certified oil. Malaysia and Indonesia have established and implemented, or in the process of establishing, their own domestic version of sustainable palm oil, i.e. Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) and Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). This is in line with their own national objective of controlling the destiny of their national oil palm industry rather than being subjected to external control which may clash with their national social responsibilities. Part 1 of this two part article outlines the majority of organisations implementing environment sustainability schemes that may impact the oil palm industry. The impacts are dictated by the concerns of overseas consumers and buyers of palm oil products, which in tum, are dependent on their national requirements and the influence of regional non-government organisations (NGOs). The impacts of MSPO and ISPO are explored in slightly greater depths as these are implemented on a national scale by their respective national organisations on their indigenous oil palm industry. The impasse faced by RSPO is also highlighted. Keywords: Oil palm, environment schemes, MSPO, RSPO, ISPO, ISCC, POIC, environment impasse.
{"title":"MALAYSIAN OIL PALM INDUSTRY-ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND PRESENT SCENARIO: PART 1: ENVIRONMENT CROSSROAD","authors":"C. Chong","doi":"10.56333/tp.2018.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56333/tp.2018.003","url":null,"abstract":"From an environment point of view, the global oil palm industry is at a crossroad. Organisations in the industry are finding it increasingly difficult to meet the new criteria introduced by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), in addition to the high cost of implementation of RSPO and certification and the low premium for certified oil. Malaysia and Indonesia have established and implemented, or in the process of establishing, their own domestic version of sustainable palm oil, i.e. Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) and Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). This is in line with their own national objective of controlling the destiny of their national oil palm industry rather than being subjected to external control which may clash with their national social responsibilities. Part 1 of this two part article outlines the majority of organisations implementing environment sustainability schemes that may impact the oil palm industry. The impacts are dictated by the concerns of overseas consumers and buyers of palm oil products, which in tum, are dependent on their national requirements and the influence of regional non-government organisations (NGOs). The impacts of MSPO and ISPO are explored in slightly greater depths as these are implemented on a national scale by their respective national organisations on their indigenous oil palm industry. The impasse faced by RSPO is also highlighted. Keywords: Oil palm, environment schemes, MSPO, RSPO, ISPO, ISCC, POIC, environment impasse.","PeriodicalId":22956,"journal":{"name":"The Planter","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77115744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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