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RESEARCH ON TYPES OF EVENT TOURISM AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION 关于活动旅游类型及其分类的研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202331
A. G. Akhundova
Event tourism is one of the most dynamically developing sectors in the tourism industry, representing a distinct form of travel where participation in or observation of various events and celebrations becomes the primary motivation. Tourists choose specific destinations and events to gain unique experiences, immerse themselves in the event atmosphere, and engage with its cultural context. The classification of event tourism types is an essential aspect for understanding the diversity of this tourism form and developing effective strategies for managing tourism resources. It allows for the systematic categorization of different events, as well as identifying their unique characteristics and impact on the tourism industry and socio-cultural environment. In this article provide an overview and classification of event tourism types based on several factors. First of all, we onsidered the classification based on the nature of events. This made it possible to single among them such as festivals, cultural, musical, festival in film industry, sports competitions and others. Then we foused in benefits of classifycing event tourism, the study of which help to better understand the preferences and interests of tourists, determine the potential to attract and mecttheir needs helps tourism organizations and goverments develop strategies for promoting planning and organizing event tourism. This in turn, makes it possible to create unique and memorable events, attracts more tourists, stimulates economic development, and preserves cultural and natural heritage.
活动旅游是旅游业中最具发展活力的行业之一,是一种独特的旅游形式,参与或观摩各种活动和庆祝活动成为其主要动机。游客选择特定的目的地和活动,以获得独特的体验,沉浸在活动氛围中,并融入其文化背景。事件旅游类型的分类对于了解这种旅游形式的多样性和制定有效的旅游资源管理战略至关重要。它允许对不同的活动进行系统分类,并确定其独特性及其对旅游业和社会文化环境的影响。本文基于几个因素对事件旅游类型进行了概述和分类。首先,我们考虑了基于事件性质的分类。因此,我们可以将其分为节日、文化、音乐、电影节、体育比赛等类型。然后,我们探讨了事件旅游分类的益处,对其进行研究有助于更好地了解游客的偏好和兴趣,确定吸引游客的潜力,满足游客的需求,帮助旅游组织和政府制定战略,促进事件旅游的规划和组织。这反过来又可以创造独特而难忘的活动,吸引更多游客,刺激经济发展,保护文化和自然遗产。
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引用次数: 0
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION 经济体系转型条件下的国际合作
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202341
T. A. Rudakova, N. M. Abramov, N. Y. Bashmakova
The modern world order and geopolitical risks have caused large-scale changes that have spread to all spheres of the economy and the behavior of subjects of socio-economic activity. The world market as an integral part of the world economy, on the one hand, is a platform for the exchange between participants in trade operations, based on stable interstate commodity-money relations, on the other hand, it is a sphere of collision of emerging contradictions between participants in market trade and the struggle for competitive markets. Violation of international economic, interregional and intersubjective relations due to changes in the value chain, disproportion in the distribution of value between participants in trade relations limits the possibility of using previously formed mechanisms and instruments of international cooperation and becomes a factor in the search for new points of contact and new partners in the processes of international and interregional interaction. The relevance of the study is dictated by the key task of national and international development — the transformation of the economic system, ensuring its stability and viability in the face of turbulence and uncertainty, accumulated experience, opportunities and limitations. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the formation of new views on the problems of organizing economic relations among participants in the global market.
现代世界秩序和地缘政治风险引发了大规模的变革,这些变革波及经济的各个领域和社会经济活动主体的行为。 世界市场作为世界经济的一个组成部分,一方面是贸易活动参与者在稳定的国家间商品货币关系基础上进行交流的平台,另一方面也是市场贸易参与者之间新出现的矛盾碰撞和争夺竞争市场的领域。由于价值链的变化、贸易关系参与者之间价值分配的失衡而造成的国际经济、地区间和主体间关系的破坏,限制了利用以前形成的国际合作机制和手段的可能性,并成为在国际和地区间互动过程中寻找新的联系点和新的合作伙伴的一个因素。 国家和国际发展的关键任务决定了本研究的相关性--经济体系的转型,确保其在动荡和不确定性、积累的经验、机遇和限制面前的稳定性和可行性。 该研究的科学新颖性在于对全球市场参与者之间的经济关系组织问题形成了新的观点。
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引用次数: 0
THE INFLUENCE OF THE MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE POPULATION DYNAMIC OF ALTAY REGION 移民过程对阿勒泰地区人口动态的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202347
N. A. Shevchuk
The lack of human resources is a serious problem for Altay region that negatively affecting the economic development of the region. The migration processes are one of the factors that exert influence on the condition of the human resources and act as an indicator of the social and economic development of the region. The migration of the population becomes a leverage of the economic growth in the host regions. At the same time the outflow of qualified staff personnel from the territory of the donor regions is akin to a reduction in investment in their economy. The study found that during the specified period, the number of migrants arriving in the region decreased by 8.3 %, while the migration outflow decreased by 56.4 %. Arriving internal migrants is distributed in approximately equal proportions between the urban and rural populations, and most of them leave the countryside. More than 90 % of international migrants arriving in the region are CIS citizens. To a greater extent, people of active working and reproductive age (30–39 years) leave the region. For every man who left the region, there were 3 women who left. The conducted research allows us to prioritize the formation and implementation of the migration policy of the region. The activities aimed at increasing its economic potential are coming to the fore. Special attention should also be paid to the expansion and improvement of infrastructure in the broad sense of the word, conducting systematic monitoring of migration processes, development of regional systems of higher and secondary special education, immigration from abroad of qualified foreign specialists, as well as compatriots wishing to return to their homeland.
人力资源匮乏是阿勒泰地区的一个严重问题,对该地区的经济发展产生了负面影响。人口迁移是影响人力资源状况的因素之一,也是该地区社会和经济发展的指标。人口迁移成为所在地区经济增长的杠杆。同时,捐助地区合格人员的外流也意味着对其经济投资的减少。 研究发现,在特定时期内,抵达该地区的移民人数减少了 8.3%,而移民流出量则减少了 56.4%。 抵达的国内移民在城市和农村人口中的分布比例大致相等,其中大部分离开了农村。 在抵达该地区的国际移民中,90% 以上是独联体公民。 在更大程度上,处于工作和生育年龄(30-39 岁)的人离开了该地区。每有一名男性离开该地区,就会有 3 名女性离开。 通过研究,我们可以优先制定和实施该地区的移民政策。旨在提高该地区经济潜力的活动正在凸显出来。还应特别关注扩大和改善广义上的基础设施,对移民过程进行系统监测,发展地区高等和中等特殊教育体系,从国外引进合格的外国专家以及希望返回祖国的同胞。
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引用次数: 0
SOME FEATURES OF THE MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE ECONOMIC MODEL 中国经济模式现代发展的若干特点
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202337
S. Obiremko, Jianlu Liu
The article reveals the merits and shortcomings of the Chinese economic development model. A critical analysis of Western approaches to the study of the features of the national model of the Chinese economy is proposed. The fundamental principle of the formation of the Chinese national economic model — “democratic centralism” is considered. The article focuses on the analysis of the demographic factor of the formation of the Chinese economic model. In particular, his assessment from the point of view of the theory of “human capital”. The authors propose to assess the consequences of large-scale investments in the education and healthcare system in China from the standpoint of capitalization of the demographic factor and a critical assessment of the “demographic dividend”. Much attention is paid to the insufficiently analyzed features of the tax policy of the People's Republic of China. An assessment of the specifics of structural policy in the field of industrial policy implementation is given. At the same time, the authors are far from idealizing the Chinese economic model and proceed from its uniqueness associated with such fundamental factors of the formation of the model as the historical path of the country, the mentality of the peoples inhabiting it.
文章揭示了中国经济发展模式的优缺点。对西方研究中国经济国家模式特点的方法提出了批判性分析。探讨了中国国民经济模式形成的基本原则--"民主集中制"。文章重点分析了中国经济模式形成的人口因素。特别是从 "人力资本 "理论的角度对其进行了评估。作者建议从人口因素资本化和对 "人口红利 "进行批判性评估的角度,对中国大规模投资教育和医疗保健系统的后果进行评估。 对中华人民共和国税收政策的特点分析不足。对产业政策实施领域结构性政策的具体情况进行了评估。 与此同时,作者并没有将中国经济模式理想化,而是从其独特性出发,认为中国经济模式的形成与国家的历史道路、人民的心态等基本因素有关。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF ADAPTATION AND COOPERATION OF SMALL ENTERPFEATURES OF ADAPTATION AND COOPERATION OF SMALL ENTERPRISES OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY IN THE SANCTIONED ECONRISES OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY IN THE SANCTIONED ECONOMY: THE EXPERIENCE OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 阿勒泰地区小型企业在受制裁经济中的适应与合作特点:比较分析经验
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202345
A. Trotskovsky, L. Rodionova, Y. Perekarenkova
The article presents the results of a study of the situation, adaptive behavior and dynamics of enterprises cooperative relations in the production sector of the Altai Territory of various sizes in the context of sanctions deployment. The specificity of the author's approach lies in the fact that the adaptation and cooperation of small enterprises of the region have been studied and characterized not «by themselves», but against the background of large and medium-sized organizations, which made it possible to identify their inherent features. The structure of the article is represented by two blocks. In the first of them, the dynamics of small business development in 2010–2020s is characterized. The second main part of the article reveals the features of the situation and adaptive behavior of small enterprises in comparison with large and medium-sized ones. Reasoned conclusions are made about the reduction in the analyzed period of the number of small businesses in the Altai Territory with the simultaneous growth of their economic potential and contribution to the economy of the region. It is proved that small enterprises in the production sector of the region, compared with large and mediumsized ones, have experienced less sanctions pressure. The risks typical for small business have been identified. The features of the scale, intensity and nature of cooperative relations of small enterprises in comparison with large and medium-sized enterprises of the region are characterized.
文章介绍了对阿尔泰边疆区生产部门不同规模企业在制裁部署背景下的合作关系状况、适应行为和动态的研究结果。 作者研究方法的特殊性在于不是 "单独 "研究该地区小型企业的适应性和合作性,而是以大中型组织为背景,从而确定其固有特征。 文章的结构由两个部分组成。第一部分介绍了 2010-2020 年代小型企业的发展动态。文章的第二大部分揭示了与大中型企业相比,小型企业的状况和适应行为的特点。 文章对分析期内阿尔泰边疆区小型企业数量的减少与经济潜力和对地区经济贡献的同步增长做出了合理的结论。 事实证明,与大中型企业相比,该地区生产部门的小型企业受到的制裁压力较小。小企业的典型风险已经确定。 与该地区的大中型企业相比,小企业的合作关系在规模、强度和性质上都具有特点。
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引用次数: 0
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF CONTROLLING 控制概念基础发展的理论方面
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202334
E. A. Gvozdeva
The situation of economic uncertainty dictates the need to apply progressive approaches to management, which include controlling. The study of the evolution of views on controlling is necessary for an objective assessment of the current state of this concept, the prospects for its development in domestic enterprises. The article presents the theoretical aspects of the formation of the concept of controlling, reflects the views of the most famous foreign and domestic researchers in the field of controlling regarding the essence of this category. The systematization of approaches to the definition of the concept of “controlling” is given, the author's approach to interpreting this concept is proposed, taking into account modern trends in the development of management theory and practice. Formulating the definition of the concept of “controlling”, the author focuses on the relationship between the concept of controlling and process management.
经济形势的不确定性决定了必须采用渐进的管理方法,其中包括控制。为了客观评估控制概念的现状及其在国内企业中的发展前景,有必要对控制概念的演变进行研究。 文章介绍了控制概念形成的理论方面,反映了控制领域最著名的国内外研究人员对这一范畴本质的看法。对 "控制 "概念的定义方法进行了系统梳理,并结合现代管理理论与实践的发展潮流,提出了作者对这一概念的解释方法。在提出 "控制 "概念的定义时,作者着重阐述了控制概念与流程管理之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 俄罗斯联邦各地区的商业活动
Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.14258/epb202344
N. V. Trofimova
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the socio-economic development of any country serve as a kind of trigger and generator of structural changes in the economy and society. Small businesses are the most receptive to innovative ideas and are ready to implement them. On the one hand, small and medium-sized businesses act as a catalyst for the economic growth of the entire country, on the other hand, they implement a number of social tasks, the key of which is to promote employment and ensure a decent standard of living for citizens. The SME sector employs more than 25 % of the country's able-bodied population. At the same time, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are seriously differentiated in terms of the level of development of SMEs, in some regions the potential of the SMEs is used inefficiently. Given the current conditions for the functioning of the Russian economy and the fact that small and mediumsized businesses play an important role in its development, the study of the level of entrepreneurial activity in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the search for ways to increase it is very relevant. The article carried out the clustering of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation according to indicators of business demography (“birth rate”, liquidation of organizations), entrepreneurial activity, as well as an indicator reflecting the current opportunities for expanding entrepreneurial potential in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The place of the Republic of Bashkortostan among other subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of the level of entrepreneurial activity has been determined.
中小型企业(SMEs)在任何国家的社会经济发展中都是经济和社会结构变革的触发器和催化剂。小企业最容易接受创新理念,也最愿意实施创新理念。一方面,中小型企业是整个国家经济增长的催化剂,另一方面,它们还执行着一系列社会任务,其中最关键的是促进就业和确保公民享有体面的生活水准。中小型企业部门雇用了全国 25% 以上的健全人口。与此同时,俄罗斯联邦各主体在中小企业发展水平方面存在严重差异,一些地区中小企业的潜力没有得到有效利用。 考虑到俄罗斯经济运行的现状以及中小企业在经济发展中的重要作用,对俄罗斯联邦各主体的企业活动水平进行研究并寻求提高企业活动水平的途径是非常有意义的。 文章根据企业人口统计指标("出生率"、组织清算)、企业活动以及反映俄罗斯联邦各主体当前扩大企业潜力机会的指标对俄罗斯联邦各主体进行了分组。确定了巴什科尔托斯坦共和国在俄罗斯联邦其他主体中的企业活动水平。
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引用次数: 0
MANAGERIAL AND TECHNICAL LABOR RATIONING: MODERN REALITIES AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS 管理和技术劳动力配给:现代现实与发展前景
Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.14258/epb202315
I. Anufrieva, O. Grazhdankina
The article is devoted to topical issues of centralized and intra-organizational labor rationing in modern economic conditions. The authors first point out the essence and increased importance of labor rationing, draw attention to the difference between labor standards and labor standards, note the problems of developing a regulatory framework and calculating labor standards in domestic organizations. The analysis of the content and completeness of the domestic normative-methodical and reference literature on labor rationing is carried out. The degree of methodological elaboration of normative materials and the possibilities of using labor rationing in various sectors of the economy, by main types of activity and by categories of employees is revealed. In this regard, the authors point out the qualitative differences between managerial and technical labor rationing. Also, using the example of individual organizations of the Altai Territory, the features of the organization of intra — organizational labor rationing in practice, the needs of organizations for labor rationing specialists. Based on the results of the study, the authors gave recommendations on the development of an internal regulatory framework and the calculation of labor standards in the conditions of digitalization.
文章专门讨论了现代经济条件下集中和组织内劳动配给的热点问题。作者首先指出了劳动配给的本质和日益增加的重要性,提请注意劳动标准和劳动规范的区别,指出了国内组织中制定规范框架和计算劳动标准的问题。对国内关于劳动配给的规范-方法和参考文献的内容和完整性进行了分析。揭示了规范性材料的方法阐述程度,以及在各经济部门、主要活动类型和雇员类别中使用劳动配给制的可能性。在这方面,作者指出了管理性劳动配给和技术性劳动配给在质量上的差异。此外,作者还以阿尔泰边疆区的个别组织为例,说明了在实践中组织内部劳动配给的特点,以及组织对劳动配给专家的需求。根据研究结果,作者提出了在数字化条件下制定内部管理框架和计算劳动标准的建议。
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引用次数: 0
DIGITALIZATION OF MUNICIPAL AS A STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT (EXAMPLE THE CITY OF BARNAUL) 作为城市环境发展战略的市政数字化(以巴尔瑙尔市为例)
Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.14258/epb202322
A. Martens, N. Derkach
Modern methodologists pay special attention to digital technologies in the issues of sustainable development of urban districts. The current realities, as well as the promotion of digitalization at the federal level, are forcing municipal authorities to put forward their own projects in the field of the digital economy. Under the conditions of transformation, cities are becoming a place for testing digital services to meet the needs of basic life, social issues and interaction with municipal authorities of the appropriate level. The authors of the article consider the basic issues of sustainable development of the digital environment, the practice of applying which is revealed on the example of the city of Barnaul, Altai Territory, as part of the national project «Digital Economy». In addition, the article highlights the special tasks that are set for local governments for the digitalization of the urban environment, considers indicators of their achievement, statistics of individual indicators. In conclusion, the authors come to the conclusion that the city of Barnaul is at the initial stage of digitalization, which is confirmed by the successful functioning of a number of socially significant online services and the rating of the Ministry of Construction of Russia.
现代方法论专家特别关注城市地区可持续发展问题中的数字技术。当前的现实情况以及联邦层面对数字化的推动,迫使市政当局在数字经济领域提出自己的项目。在转型条件下,城市正在成为测试数字服务的场所,以满足基本生活、社会问题以及与相应级别市政当局互动的需求。文章作者考虑了数字环境可持续发展的基本问题,并以阿尔泰边疆区巴尔瑙尔市为例,揭示了 "数字经济 "国家项目的应用实践。此外,文章还强调了地方政府在城市环境数字化方面的特殊任务,考虑了实现这些任务的指标,以及个别指标的统计。最后,作者得出结论认为,巴尔瑙尔市正处于数字化的初始阶段,这一点可以从一些具有社会意义的在线服务的成功运行和俄罗斯建设部的评级中得到证实。
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引用次数: 0
ON THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE SPORTS RESERVE TRAINING SYSTEM AT THE MUNICIPAL LEVEL IN MODERN CONDITIONS 关于在现代条件下为市级体育后备人才培养体系提供财政支持的建议
Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.14258/epb202325
I. I. Samsonov, A. N. Malakhanov
The article is devoted to the study of a topic that is of current importance for municipal sports schools that implement additional general educational programs in the field of physical culture and sports as their main activity. The harmonization of legislation on physical culture and sports and on education that has begun since 01/01/2023 is restructuring not only the form and content of the implemented sports reserve training programs, but also their financial support. In the absence of a unified point of view on the balance of changes in terms of harmonizing the legislation on physical culture and sports and education, a contradictory situation arose regarding the ratio of the stages of sports training with the powers of municipalities on local issues. The lack of a unified position on this issue gives rise to doubt and dissatisfaction among representatives of the leadership of local governments and the administrative and managerial apparatus of sports schools, turning into the formation of manic phobias. The authors, on the basis of study, come to the conclusion about the root causes of contradictions, possible options for the development of the current situation and ways for the further development of municipal physical culture and sports.
这篇文章专门研究了一个对于以体育运动为主要活动、在体育运动领域实施额外普通教育计划的市立体育运动学校来说具有现实意义的课题。自 2023 年 1 月 1 日起开始的体育运动立法和教育立法的协调统一,不仅调整了体育后备人才培养计划的实施形式和内容,也调整了对其的财政支持。由于在协调体育运动和教育立法方面缺乏统一的变革平衡观点,在体育训练阶段与市政当局在地方问题上的权力比例方面出现了矛盾。由于在这一问题上缺乏统一的立场,地方政府领导层和体育学校行政管理机构的代表产生了疑虑和不满,形成了狂躁恐惧症。作者在研究的基础上得出了关于矛盾根源、发展现状的可能选择以及进一步发展城市体育运动的途径的结论。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Economics Profession Business
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