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Marketing Mix Elements and Corporate Social Responsibility: Do they Really Matter to Store Image? 营销组合要素与企业社会责任:它们对商店形象真的重要吗?
Pub Date : 2020-03-05 DOI: 10.1177/2278682120908563
J. Hanaysha
This purpose of this article is to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and marketing mix elements on store image in Malaysian retail sector. The data were collected through a quantitative survey method from 278 customers of retail stores in eastern Malaysia. All of the returned questionnaires were inserted into SPSS and analyzed based on the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique using AMOS 18. The findings showed that CSR has a significant positive effect on store image. Furthermore, the outcomes revealed that advertising and price have significant positive effects on store image. However, the effect of sales promotion on store image is insignificant and negative. Finally, the results confirmed that store location and store environment have a significant positive effect on store image. The findings of this study contribute to our understanding with regard to the importance of these factors in influencing store image in the retail context.
本文的目的是研究企业社会责任(CSR)和营销组合要素对马来西亚零售业商店形象的影响。数据是通过定量调查方法从马来西亚东部零售商店的278名顾客中收集的。将所有返回的问卷导入SPSS软件,利用AMOS 18进行结构方程建模(SEM)技术分析。研究发现,企业社会责任对店铺形象有显著的正向影响。此外,结果显示,广告和价格对商店形象有显著的正向影响。然而,促销对店铺形象的影响是不显著的,而且是负向的。最后,结果证实了店面位置和店面环境对店面形象有显著的正向影响。本研究的结果有助于我们理解这些因素在零售环境中影响商店形象的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Investigating the Presence of Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in India and China: An Autoregressive Distributive Lag Approach 研究印度和中国环境库兹涅茨曲线假设的存在:一种自回归分布滞后方法
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/2278682119880510
R. Rani, Naresh Kumar
The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis advocates a reversed U-shaped association between different pollutants and per capita income. EKC postulates that speedy growth certainly results in environmental degradation due to glut use of natural resources and emission of pollutants. The study used carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, and the annual growth rate of population to investigate the EKC hypothesis in India and China for the period of 1971–2013. Furthermore, to explore the long-run and short-run relationship among competing variables, the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) is used. Granger causality test is used to investigate the long-run and short-run causality between variables under study. The results support the EKC hypothesis in India and China, in both long-run and short-run, and inverse U-shaped association is found between CO2 emission and economic growth. Unidirectional causality seen in both countries in terms of economic growth and CO2 emissions. In addition, the coefficient of economic growth in a short-run model provides the evidence that there has been a gradual decline in environmental degradation (downward sloping of EKC) and the quality of the environment is gradually improving in China. Based on the findings, the study suggests that environmental policymakers, especially in India, should seriously address the issue of CO2 emissions as it has a tendency to move faster in the coming years.
环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)假设主张不同污染物与人均收入之间的反向u型关联。EKC假设,由于过度使用自然资源和排放污染物,高速增长必然导致环境退化。该研究使用1971-2013年期间印度和中国的二氧化碳排放量、经济增长、能源消耗和人口年增长率来研究EKC假设。此外,为了探讨竞争变量之间的长期和短期关系,采用了自回归分布滞后模型(ARDL)。格兰杰因果检验用于研究变量之间的长期和短期因果关系。研究结果支持印度和中国的长期和短期EKC假设,二氧化碳排放与经济增长呈负u型相关。两国在经济增长和二氧化碳排放方面均存在单向因果关系。此外,短期模型的经济增长系数提供了中国环境退化逐渐下降(EKC向下倾斜)和环境质量逐渐改善的证据。基于这些发现,该研究建议环境政策制定者,特别是印度的环境政策制定者,应该认真解决二氧化碳排放问题,因为它在未来几年有加速发展的趋势。
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引用次数: 5
Creating a “Nalanda” for the New Millennia 为新千年打造一个“那烂陀”
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/2278682119850287
N. Sharma, Jaya Bhasin, Bharti Sujan
Higher education is all about people and management. The success of the higher educational institutions revolves largely around the quality of the research and the faculty. This emphasizes the need of a strong financial base to deliver a quality education to students. In the present scenario, which is characterized by intense information flow, dynamism, progress, growth, and continuous challenging environment, the higher educational institutions hold an important place. The present study focuses on exploring the relationship between human capital management and human resource development (HRD) climate. For the research purpose, two universities, University of Jammu and University of Kashmir, have been taken. The model derived by applying a confirmatory factor analysis in the present research study depicts a linkage between human capital management and HRD climate, and if applied in the institutions of higher education by customizing according to their needs and requirements, it would help in attaining the vision as perceived by Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry for 2030 in attaining overall excellence in higher education sector in India. So, it is very important to develop research focused universities with community participation which could deliver high quality research output and research focused graduates and lead to creating a NALANDA for the new millennia.
高等教育是关于人和管理的。高等教育机构的成功在很大程度上取决于研究质量和师资队伍。这强调了为学生提供优质教育需要强大的经济基础。在信息流强烈、动态性、进步性、成长性和不断挑战的环境中,高等学校占有重要的地位。本研究主要探讨人力资本管理与人力资源开发环境之间的关系。为了研究的目的,选定了查谟大学和克什米尔大学这两所大学。在本研究中,通过应用验证性因素分析得出的模型描述了人力资本管理和人力资源开发环境之间的联系,如果在高等教育机构中应用,根据他们的需求和要求进行定制,将有助于实现印度工商联合会在2030年实现印度高等教育部门全面卓越的愿景。因此,发展以社区参与为重点的研究型大学非常重要,这可以提供高质量的研究成果和以研究为重点的毕业生,并为新千年创造一个那烂陀。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Customer Repurchase Intention in E-commerce: Role of Perceived Price, Delivery Quality, and Perceived Value 理解电子商务中的顾客再购买意愿:感知价格、配送质量和感知价值的作用
Pub Date : 2019-06-13 DOI: 10.1177/2278682119850275
Asif Ali, Jaya Bhasin
In an e-commerce setup understanding the mechanism of repurchase intention of consumers is very essential for survival of business. The main purpose of this study was to understand mechanism and factors that impact consumer repurchase intention. Drawing upon information systems and marketing literature a model was formulated. The model was tested empirically using data collected through online survey in India. A total of 900 links to survey were emailed or messaged out of which 375 responses were received. Out of 375 responses 61 responses were eliminated due to incomplete information or lack of internet shopping experience. A total of 314 responses were finally put to empirical analysis. The findings of this study portray that perceived price and delivery quality have significant impact on perceived value, and perceived value has significant impact on repurchase intention. Further perceived price was found inversely related to perceived value and delivered quality was directly related to perceived value.
在电子商务环境下,了解消费者的再购买意愿机制对企业的生存至关重要。本研究的主要目的是了解影响消费者再购买意愿的机制和因素。借鉴信息系统和市场营销文献,制定了一个模型。该模型使用在印度通过在线调查收集的数据进行了实证检验。通过电子邮件或短信发送了900个调查链接,其中收到375个回复。在375份回复中,有61份因信息不完整或缺乏网上购物经验而被淘汰。最后对314份问卷进行实证分析。本研究发现,感知价格和交付质量对感知价值有显著影响,感知价值对回购意愿有显著影响。进一步发现感知价格与感知价值呈负相关,交付质量与感知价值直接相关。
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引用次数: 47
A Measure of Social Media Marketing: Scale Development and Validation 衡量社交媒体营销:规模发展和验证
Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.1177/2278682119850285
M. Khan, Anisa Jan
With the evolution of social media the world has witnessed an information explosion. The role of social media in influencing the consumer behavior is huge, but the studies conducted in these areas are insignificant. Scholars have identified different variables over time to study social media marketing, but functionality-based approach was only investigated by Babac (Impact of social-media use on brand equity of magazine brands: A qualitative study of Vogue Turkey, Unpublished Master’s thesis, 2011) and Tresna and Wijaya (iBuss Management, 3: 37–48, 2015). Tresna and Wijaya’s (iBuss Management, 3: 37–48, 2015) study was based on Instagram, therefore, their scale could not be used for Facebook, because of the difference in website functionalities. Most of the social media marketing activities are carried on Facebook and to measure these marketing efforts a research instrument is needed. Therefore, this study is an attempt to develop a measurement scale to assess the influence of social media functionalities. In order to identify the factors of social media, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was run on a sample of 122 respondents in SPSS 20. EFA was run on 34 items and seven items were removed in the first round. In the second round EFA was run on the remaining 27 items and five items were dropped. Third time when EFA was run, all 22 items loaded well on the seven factors of social media with a cumulative variance of 82.95 percent. The scales reliability was tested by using Cronbach’s alpha which was above the threshold. Further the scale was also tested for convergent and discriminant validity, that indicated positive results. Therefore, 22 items scale to measure seven functionalities of social media websites was found to be reliable and valid. This study is unique because, a measurement scale to investigate the influence of social media functionalities of Facebook is developed. Previous study was based on Instagram and only six functionalities were measured, whereas this study has filled that gap by providing a full-fledged scale to measure the seven functionalities of social media. This scale can be further used to study the impact of these seven functionalities on various dimensions of consumer-based brand equity, purchase intentions, and brand experience.
随着社交媒体的发展,世界见证了一场信息爆炸。社交媒体在影响消费者行为方面的作用是巨大的,但在这些领域进行的研究是微不足道的。随着时间的推移,学者们已经确定了不同的变量来研究社交媒体营销,但基于功能的方法只有Babac(社交媒体使用对杂志品牌品牌资产的影响:对土耳其Vogue的定性研究,未发表的硕士论文,2011)和Tresna和Wijaya (iBuss Management, 3: 37-48, 2015)进行了研究。Tresna和Wijaya (iBuss Management, 3: 37-48, 2015)的研究是基于Instagram的,因此,他们的量表不能用于Facebook,因为网站功能的差异。大多数社交媒体营销活动都是在Facebook上进行的,为了衡量这些营销努力,需要一个研究工具。因此,本研究试图开发一个衡量量表来评估社交媒体功能的影响。为了确定社交媒体的影响因素,在SPSS 20中对122名受访者进行了探索性因素分析(EFA)。全民教育对34个项目进行了评估,第一轮剔除了7个项目。在第二轮全民教育评估中,对剩下的27个项目进行了评估,其中5个项目被放弃。第三次运行EFA时,22个项目在社交媒体的7个因素上均加载良好,累积方差为82.95%。采用高于阈值的Cronbach’s alpha检验量表的信度。此外,还对量表进行了收敛效度和判别效度的测试,结果表明该量表具有积极的效果。因此,22项量表测量社交媒体网站的七个功能被发现是可靠和有效的。本研究的独特之处在于,开发了一种测量量表来调查Facebook社交媒体功能的影响。之前的研究是基于Instagram的,只测量了6个功能,而这项研究通过提供一个完整的尺度来测量社交媒体的7个功能,填补了这一空白。该量表可以进一步用于研究这七个功能对消费者品牌资产、购买意愿和品牌体验各维度的影响。
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引用次数: 8
Dividend and Investment Decisions of Indian Corporate Firms Under Cash Flow Uncertainty 现金流不确定性下印度企业股利与投资决策
Pub Date : 2019-06-09 DOI: 10.1177/2278682119846036
P. Lahiri
The Miller–Modigliani theory proposed that in perfect capital market, dividend and investment decisions are mutually separable, which is commonly known as the “separation principle.” On the basis of this theory, this article tries to investigate the dividend–investment relationship from a new perspective by introducing the cash flow uncertainty. This cash flow uncertainty is measured by cash flow shortfall and cash flow volatility. Using firm-specific data on relevant variables of the BSE-listed firms from 2001 to 2015, this article tries to explore the instruments which help to resolve cash flow uncertainty of the firm. Classifying firms into quintiles and dividing them into positive and negative shortfalls on the basis of both the measures of cash flow uncertainty, our main results show that firms mainly use external financing to resolve cash flow uncertainty. However, cash drawdown plays a trivial role in mitigating shortfalls. Moreover, applying the linear panel data estimation, the relationship between dividend and investment is explored for firms having a positive cash flow shortfall, using both measures of cash flow uncertainty. Our results reported that firm’s investment decision has no impact on dividend decision and vice versa. Hence, dividend and investment choices are made independently under cash flow uncertainty. Thus, our results support the “separation principle” under cash flow uncertainty.
Miller-Modigliani理论提出,在完善的资本市场中,股利和投资决策是可以相互分离的,这就是我们通常所说的“分离原则”。在此理论的基础上,本文试图通过引入现金流不确定性,从一个新的角度来研究股利与投资的关系。这种现金流不确定性通过现金流短缺和现金流波动来衡量。本文利用2001年至2015年bse上市公司相关变量的企业特定数据,试图探索有助于解决企业现金流量不确定性的工具。在现金流不确定性度量的基础上,我们将企业分为五分之一,并将其分为正短缺和负短缺,我们的主要结果表明,企业主要使用外部融资来解决现金流不确定性。然而,现金提取在缓解短缺方面发挥的作用微不足道。此外,运用线性面板数据估计,利用现金流不确定性的两种测量方法,探讨了具有正现金流短缺的公司的股息与投资之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明,公司的投资决策对股息决策没有影响,反之亦然。因此,在现金流不确定性下,股息和投资选择是独立做出的。因此,我们的研究结果支持现金流量不确定性下的“分离原则”。
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引用次数: 2
Factors Affecting Environmentally Responsive Consumption Behavior in India: An Empirical Study 影响印度环境响应性消费行为的因素:实证研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/2278682118810274
Abhinav Gupta, Upendra Singh
Environmental marketing continues to be a heavily researched area, in part due to a heightened awareness and concern for the environment among consumers. An area that has received considerable research attention is the relationship of various environmental attitudes and intentions with environmental behavioral outcomes. The conventional approach has been to linearly relate environmental attitudes and intentions among themselves and with behavioral outcomes, even though no clear pattern has emerged. The objective of the study is to understand the impact of factors influencing environmentally responsive consumption behavior on purchase intentions and purchase behavior. Data were collected from 514 respondents from Delhi. From the findings of this article, it can be stated that purchase behavior is the direct outcome of purchase intention. Further, purchase intention shows direct significant relationship, with subjective norm, attitude toward the behavior, willingness to pay, environmental consciousness, green self-identity, and perceived behavior control.
环境营销仍然是一个被大量研究的领域,部分原因是消费者对环境的认识和关注有所提高。各种环境态度和意图与环境行为结果之间的关系是一个受到广泛关注的研究领域。传统的方法是将环境态度和意图与行为结果线性地联系起来,尽管没有明确的模式出现。本研究的目的是了解环境响应性消费行为的影响因素对购买意愿和购买行为的影响。数据来自德里的514名受访者。从本文的研究结果可以看出,购买行为是购买意愿的直接结果。购买意愿与主观规范、行为态度、支付意愿、环境意识、绿色自我认同、感知行为控制存在直接显著的关系。
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引用次数: 9
Value Relevance of Accounting Information: A Review of Empirical Evidence Across Continents 会计信息的价值相关性:跨洲经验证据综述
Pub Date : 2019-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/2278682118823307
Meena Bhatia, Mwila Mulenga
In the last two decades, accounting literature has focused increasingly on examining value relevance of accounting information. After the announcement of IFRS adoption, there has been a growth in the literature, which links value relevance of accounting information with IFRS adoption. This study aims to provide a brief literature and presents empirical findings. The purpose is to help future researchers to have the understanding of this nature of the study and identify gaps in the current literature. The article covered 90 empirical research papers published between 1993 and 2016 from various countries across continents, and the majority of them concluded that accounting information is relevant across continents before and after IFRS adoption, while few hold the opposite view. Few studies show no evidence in the improvement of accounting information after IFRS adoption.
在过去的二十年中,会计文献越来越多地关注于审查会计信息的价值相关性。在宣布采用国际财务报告准则后,将会计信息的价值相关性与采用国际财务报告准则联系起来的文献有所增加。本研究旨在提供一个简短的文献,并提出实证研究结果。目的是帮助未来的研究人员了解研究的这一性质,并找出当前文献中的空白。本文涵盖了1993年至2016年间来自各大洲各国发表的90篇实证研究论文,其中大多数得出结论,会计信息在采用国际财务报告准则之前和之后在各大洲之间是相关的,而很少有人持相反观点。很少有研究表明采用国际财务报告准则后会计信息的改善没有证据。
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引用次数: 12
Promoting Basic Need Satisfaction at Workplace: The Relevance of Mindfulness in Support of Job Performance of Employees 促进工作场所基本需求的满足:正念与支持员工工作绩效的相关性
Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI: 10.1177/2278682118785812
S. Tiwari, P. Garg
The main objective of the study is to empirically explain the relationship between the construct mindfulness (MDF) and the job performance (JP) of employees. This study also examines the mediating effect of basic need satisfaction at work (BNS-W), between the MDF and JP of employees. The sample comprises responses from 327 employees working in IT companies based in India. Correlation and hierarchical regression analysis were employed to analyze the proposed measurement model. The results show a significant relationship among the study variables. BNS which is one of the concepts of self-determination theory (SDT), found partially mediated the relationship between MDF and JP of the employees. Examining the relationship between MDF and basic psychological need satisfaction on the JP has significant implications for organizations. The proposed study framework can be utilized by the researchers and human resource practitioner to reframe the organizational practices. First, the general understanding of the relationship between MDF and JP is limited in literature. Second, the study extends the previous research by investigating the mediating effect of BNS, a concept within SDT, on the relationship between MDF and JP.
本研究的主要目的是实证解释建构正念(MDF)与员工工作绩效(JP)之间的关系。本研究亦探讨了工作基本需要满意度(BNS-W)在员工MDF与JP之间的中介作用。样本包括来自印度IT公司的327名员工的回答。采用相关分析和层次回归分析对所提出的测量模型进行了分析。结果表明,研究变量之间存在显著的关系。自我决定理论(SDT)的一个概念——自我决定行为(BNS)在员工的自我决定行为和自我决定行为之间起到部分中介作用。研究MDF与JP基本心理需求满足之间的关系对组织具有重要意义。本文提出的研究框架可为研究者和人力资源从业者重新构建组织实践提供参考。首先,文献中对MDF和JP之间关系的一般理解是有限的。其次,本研究扩展了前人的研究,考察了SDT中的BNS概念在MDF和JP之间的中介作用。
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引用次数: 4
An Analysis Between Search Engine Optimization Versus Social Media Marketing Affecting Individual Marketer’s Decision--Making Behavior 搜索引擎优化与社会化媒体营销对个体营销人员决策行为的影响分析
Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI: 10.1177/2278682119829607
R. Bhandari, Sanjeev Bansal
Purpose The research intended to reveal real behavioural inclination of marketer for SEO and SMM usage. This approach was developed to provide a constructive model for established marketers as well as emerging start up marketers. Design/methodology/approach The investigation was designed based on literature review followed by quantitative analysis of the collected data with appropriate statistical techniques based on random surveys of end users from the National Capital Region of India. Findings A new conceptual model is being proposed i.e. Marketer decision model, enabling a comparative framework which encourages more effective and result oriented decision-making techniques which ends up in developing better online marketing techniques. Internet users have different behavioural patterns based upon demographic profiles. The evidence based on the statistical analysis suggests that the consumer behavioural patterns need to take into consideration by online marketers while targeting and designing SEO and SMM strategies. Research limitations/implications The following research was based on a selected samples only but not the entire population of target consumers and there were cases where samples perhaps inaccurately representing the population. Originality/value The survey conducted on diversified demographic profiles, thereby providing few rich perspectives regarding online behavioural pattern.
目的本研究旨在揭示营销人员对SEO和SMM使用的真实行为倾向。这种方法的发展为成熟的营销人员以及新兴的营销人员提供了一个建设性的模型。设计/方法/方法本调查的设计基于文献综述,随后采用适当的统计技术对收集到的数据进行定量分析,这些数据基于对印度国家首都地区最终用户的随机调查。正在提出一个新的概念模型,即营销人员决策模型,使一个比较框架,鼓励更有效和结果导向的决策技术,最终发展更好的在线营销技术。根据人口统计资料,互联网用户有不同的行为模式。基于统计分析的证据表明,网络营销人员在定位和设计SEO和SMM策略时需要考虑消费者的行为模式。以下研究仅基于选定的样本,而不是目标消费者的全部人口,并且在某些情况下样本可能不准确地代表人口。独创性/价值调查的对象是不同的人口统计资料,因此未能提供有关网上行为模式的丰富观点。
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引用次数: 2
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Jindal Journal of Business Research
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