Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22373/petita.v6i1.112
Ermanto Fahamsyah, Brigitta Amalia Rama Wulandari, Yusuf Adiwibowo
The palm oil development provides many advantages for Indonesia. One of which is that the development of Indonesian palm oil came fast and contributed a lot to the country's economic sectors. There are also other organic oil-based, such as jatropha, camelina, soybean and rapeseed. However, compared the palm oil to the other base of the organic oil materials, palm oil price outperforms the others oil-based because of the stability of the palm oil price. Palm oil benefits the Indonesian economy and the triple bottom line of John Elkington: people, planet, and profit. However, there is a critical issue with palm oil production. Its production is believed not to apply sustainability principles. Thus, it can damage and ruin the natural environment in Indonesia; for example, it damaged the area where the Sumatran tiger, Sumatran Orang Utan, and Borneo Orang Utan lived. Through the ministry of agriculture, the government established Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) to answer this critical issue and recover the sustainability aspect of Indonesian palm oil. Abstrak: Indonesia beruntung karena dapat menikmati berbagai manfaat dari pembangunan kelapa sawit yang merupakan salah satu ciri dan keuntungan tersendiri yang Indonesia miliki, pembangunan kelapa sawit Indonesia sangat cepat dan pesat serta memberikan kontribusi yang tinggi terhadap negara melalui sektor ekonomi, jika dibandingkan dengan minyak nabati lainnya seperti : jathropa, camelina, soy bean dan rapeseed, kelapa sawit lebih unggul dari segi ekonomi yang mana dari segi harga lebih stabil jika dibandingkan minyak nabati dengan bahan baku lainnya. Minyak kelapa sawit memberikan berbagai manfaat bagi Indonesia selain daripada ekonomi juga terhadap triple bottom line sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh John Elkongton yakni people, planet dan profit sehingga dalam pemanfaatannya memberikan dampak yang baik meski begitu tetap saja dihadapkan dengan berbagai critical issue mengenai kelapa sawit. Dalam kegiatan produksi kelapa sawit diyakini bahwa belum mengedepankan aspek keberlanjutan yang kemudian berdampak terhadap kerusakan lingkungan di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Indonesia, ISPO, Pembangunan Kelapa Sawit, Aspek Keberlanjutan, Triple Bottom Line
棕榈油的发展为印尼提供了许多优势。其中之一是印尼棕榈油的发展速度很快，对该国的经济部门做出了很大贡献。也有其他有机油基，如麻疯树，亚麻荠，大豆和油菜籽。然而，由于棕榈油价格的稳定性，棕榈油与其他基础的有机油料相比，棕榈油的价格表现优于其他油基材料。棕榈油有利于印尼经济和约翰·埃尔金顿的三重底线:人、地球和利润。然而，棕榈油生产存在一个关键问题。它的生产被认为没有应用可持续性原则。因此，它可以破坏和破坏印尼的自然环境;例如，它破坏了苏门答腊虎、苏门答腊猩猩和婆罗洲猩猩生活的地区。通过农业部，政府建立了印尼可持续棕榈油(ISPO)来回答这个关键问题，并恢复印尼棕榈油的可持续性方面。摘要:印度尼西亚beruntung karena dapat menikmati berbagai manfaat dari pembangunan kelapa sawit yang merupakan salah satu ciri dan keuntunan tersendiri yang Indonesia miliki, pembangunan kelapa sawit Indonesia sangat cepat dan pesat serta memberikan kontribusi yang tingdap negara melalui部门经济，jika dibandingkan dengan minyak nabati lainnya seperti。贾罗帕，亚麻荠，大豆丹油菜籽，卡拉帕sawwit lebih unggul dari segi ekonomi Yang mana dari segi harga lebih stabil jika dibandingkan minyak nabati dengan bahan Baku lainnya。Minyak kelapa sawwit成员kan berbagai manfaat bagi印度尼西亚selain daripada ekonomi juga terhadap三重底线sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh John Elkongton yakni人民，地球和利润sehinga dalam pemanfaatannya成员kan dampak yang baik meski begittap saja dihaapkan dengan berbagai关键问题mengenai kelapa sawit。Dalam kegiatan产品duksi kelapa看到diyakini bahwa belum mengedepankan, keberlanjutan yang kemudian berdampak terhadap kerusakan lingkungan di印度尼西亚。Kata Kunci:印度尼西亚，ISPO, Pembangunan Kelapa Sawit, Aspek Keberlanjutan, Triple Bottom Line
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Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22373/petita.v6i1.108
Zul Karnaini
The term Good Governance (an-Nizam al-Siyasah) is an Islamic concept in the implementation of good governance according to the Qur'an and Hadith. This concept was re-emerged by UNDP in 1990 which was implemented by Umar bin Abdul Aziz during the Umayyad dynasty, in balancing a synergistic and constructive relationship between the state, the private sector and society, through the principles of good governance applied by Umar bin Abdul Aziz: 1. tawhid, 2. Trust, 3. Deliberation, 4. Justice and Law Enforcement, 5. Equality, 6. Brotherhood, 7. Human Rights (HAM), 8. Effective and Efficient, 9. Social Supervision. Umar bin Abd Aziz's principles of good governance are in line with Islamic values, such as: Allah as the highest caliph, trustworthiness, deliberation, justice, equality, brotherhood, human rights, and commanding good and evil. In comparison, UNDP and LAN Good Governance have the following principles: participation, law enforcement, transparency, equality, responsiveness, effectiveness, professionalism, supervision. The principles of good governance of Umar bin Abdul Aziz associated with maqasid sharia are; the principle of tawhid according to maqasid shari'ah in the field of muhafazah ad-din (maintaining religion), the principle of trustworthiness and effectiveness and efficiency, including the category of muhafazah al-mal (protection of property). The application of deliberation, including the category of muhafazah al-aql (preservation of reason) and brotherhood is included in the category of muhafazah al-nasl (maintaining offspring). Human Rights (HAM) are included in the category of muhafazah al-nafs (protecting the soul). in line with the maqasid shari'ah al-Syatibi. If tawhid is connected with Imam Malik's istislahi theory, then this principle includes daruriyyah (principle), while justice and law enforcement, deliberation, trust, equality, brotherhood are included in the hajiyyah category. effective, efficient, social supervision is included in the category of taksiniyah. Then how is good governance implemented and how is it related to UNDP good governance. This is the study of this treatise as material to add to the treasures of knowledge in the state Abstrak: Istilah Good Governance (an-Nizam al-Siyasah) merupakan konsep Islam dalam pelaksanaan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik sesuai al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Konsep ini dimunculkan kembali oleh UNDP pada 1990 yang pernah dilaksanakan Umar bin Abdul Aziz pada masa dinasti Umayyah, dalam menyeimbangkan hubungan yang sinergis dan konstruktif antara negara, sektor swasta dan masyarakat, melalui prinsip good governance yang diterapkan Umar bin Abdul Aziz: 1. tawhid, 2. Amanah, 3. Musyawarah, 4. Keadilan dan Penegakan Hukum, 5. Persamaan, 6. Persaudaraan, 7. Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), 8. Efektif dan Efisien, 9. Pengawasan Sosial. Prinsip-prinsip Good governance Umar bin Abd Aziz sejalan dengan tata nilai Islam, seperti: Allah sebagai khalifah tertinggi, amanah, musyawarah, keadilan, pers
善治(an- nizam al-Siyasah)一词是根据古兰经和圣训实施善治的伊斯兰概念。这一概念于1990年由联合国开发计划署重新提出，由Umar bin Abdul Aziz在倭马亚王朝期间实施，通过Umar bin Abdul Aziz运用的善治原则来平衡国家、私营部门和社会之间的协同和建设性关系:犯下2。信任,3。深思熟虑,4。司法与执法，5。平等、6。兄弟会,7。人权(HAM)， 8。有效和高效;社会监督。奥马尔·本·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹的善政原则与伊斯兰的价值观是一致的，比如:安拉是最高的哈里发、诚信、深思熟虑、正义、平等、兄弟情谊、人权、指挥善恶。相比之下，联合国开发计划署和LAN善治有以下原则:参与、执法、透明、平等、响应、有效、专业、监督。奥马尔·本·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹的善政原则与马卡西德伊斯兰教法有关;根据maqasid shari'ah在muhafazah ad-din(维护宗教)领域的tawhid原则，可信度和有效性和效率的原则，包括muhafazah al-mal(保护财产)的范畴。审慎的应用，包括muhafazah al-aql(维护理性)和兄弟情谊的范畴，也包括在muhafazah al-nasl(维护后代)的范畴内。人权(HAM)被列入muhafazah al-nafs(保护灵魂)的范畴。符合伊斯兰教法。如果tawhid与伊玛目Malik的istislahi理论相联系，那么这一原则包括daruriyyah(原则)，而正义和执法、审议、信任、平等、兄弟情谊则包括在hajiyyah范畴。有效的、高效率的社会监督包括在taksiniyah的范畴内。那么善治是如何实施的，它与联合国开发计划署的善治有什么关系。摘要:《伊斯兰善政》(an-Nizam al-Siyasah) merupakan konsep Islam dalam pelaksanaan tata kelola peremerintahan yang baik sesuai al-Qur’an dan haits》。1.联合国开发计划署(UNDP)于1990年发布了一份报告，内容为:1.联合国开发计划署发布了一份报告。犯下2。回教,3。Musyawarah 4。Keadilan dan Penegakan Hukum, 5岁。Persamaan 6。Persaudaraan 7。Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM)， 8。ekektif dan Efisien, 9岁。Pengawasan Sosial。王子-王子善治乌马尔·本·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹sejalan dengan tata nilai Islam, seperti:安拉sebagai khalifah tertinggi, amanah, musyawarah, keadilan, persamaan, persaudaraan, HAM, dan amar makruf nahi munkar。善治是联合国开发计划署的一项重要原则，即善治:党性、公正性、透明度、公正性、公正性、公正性、专业性、公正性。王子-王子善治乌马尔·本·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹diakaikan dengan maqasid syariah adalah;王子tawhid sesuai maqasid syari 'ah bidang muhafazah ad-din (menjaga agama)，王子amanah Dan efektif serta efisien termasuk ketagori muhafazah al-mal (penjagaan harta)。Penerapan musyawarah, termasuk kategori muhafazah al-aql (penjagaan akal) dan persaudaraan termasuk kategori muhafazah al-nasl (menjaga keturunan)。Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) termasuk kategori muhafazah al-nafs (menjaga jiwa)。sejalan dengan maqasid syariah al-Syatibi。Jika dihubungkan tawhid dengan teori istislahi Imam Malik maka prinsip ini termasuk daruriyah (pokok)， sementara keadilan dan penegakan hukum, musyawarah, amanah, persamaan, persaudaraan termasuk tingkatan kategori hajiyyah。Efektif, efisien, pengawasan social termasuk kategori taksiniyah。善治是指联合国开发计划署的善治。依尼尼拉，我的神，我的神，我的神，我的神，我的神，我的神。Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola, Konsep dan applikasi yang Baik, Pemerintahan Omar Bin Abdul Aziz
{"title":"CONCEPTS AND APPLICATION OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE GOVERNMENT OF OMAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ","authors":"Zul Karnaini","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.108","url":null,"abstract":"The term Good Governance (an-Nizam al-Siyasah) is an Islamic concept in the implementation of good governance according to the Qur'an and Hadith. This concept was re-emerged by UNDP in 1990 which was implemented by Umar bin Abdul Aziz during the Umayyad dynasty, in balancing a synergistic and constructive relationship between the state, the private sector and society, through the principles of good governance applied by Umar bin Abdul Aziz: 1. tawhid, 2. Trust, 3. Deliberation, 4. Justice and Law Enforcement, 5. Equality, 6. Brotherhood, 7. Human Rights (HAM), 8. Effective and Efficient, 9. Social Supervision. Umar bin Abd Aziz's principles of good governance are in line with Islamic values, such as: Allah as the highest caliph, trustworthiness, deliberation, justice, equality, brotherhood, human rights, and commanding good and evil. In comparison, UNDP and LAN Good Governance have the following principles: participation, law enforcement, transparency, equality, responsiveness, effectiveness, professionalism, supervision. The principles of good governance of Umar bin Abdul Aziz associated with maqasid sharia are; the principle of tawhid according to maqasid shari'ah in the field of muhafazah ad-din (maintaining religion), the principle of trustworthiness and effectiveness and efficiency, including the category of muhafazah al-mal (protection of property). The application of deliberation, including the category of muhafazah al-aql (preservation of reason) and brotherhood is included in the category of muhafazah al-nasl (maintaining offspring). Human Rights (HAM) are included in the category of muhafazah al-nafs (protecting the soul). in line with the maqasid shari'ah al-Syatibi. If tawhid is connected with Imam Malik's istislahi theory, then this principle includes daruriyyah (principle), while justice and law enforcement, deliberation, trust, equality, brotherhood are included in the hajiyyah category. effective, efficient, social supervision is included in the category of taksiniyah. Then how is good governance implemented and how is it related to UNDP good governance. This is the study of this treatise as material to add to the treasures of knowledge in the state \u0000Abstrak: Istilah Good Governance (an-Nizam al-Siyasah) merupakan konsep Islam dalam pelaksanaan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik sesuai al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Konsep ini dimunculkan kembali oleh UNDP pada 1990 yang pernah dilaksanakan Umar bin Abdul Aziz pada masa dinasti Umayyah, dalam menyeimbangkan hubungan yang sinergis dan konstruktif antara negara, sektor swasta dan masyarakat, melalui prinsip good governance yang diterapkan Umar bin Abdul Aziz: 1. tawhid, 2. Amanah, 3. Musyawarah, 4. Keadilan dan Penegakan Hukum, 5. Persamaan, 6. Persaudaraan, 7. Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), 8. Efektif dan Efisien, 9. Pengawasan Sosial. Prinsip-prinsip Good governance Umar bin Abd Aziz sejalan dengan tata nilai Islam, seperti: Allah sebagai khalifah tertinggi, amanah, musyawarah, keadilan, pers","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124053504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22373/petita.v6i1.114
Nathalina Naibaho, Anindita Yulidaningrum Purba
This article discusses the imposition of fines for environmental crimes cases in Indonesia. Due to the absence of law, there are explanations gaps concerning indicators that can be considered when imposing fines on environmental crimes. This study discusses three research questions using the desk research: First, how has Indonesia regulated the application of fines for environmental crimes in Indonesia; Second, what are the indicators to be considered to determine proportional fines as sentencing for environmental crimes in Indonesia; and Third, how has Indonesia applied fines as sentencing for environmental crimes within Indonesian courts. In answering these questions, the study conducts a comparative analysis between the practices of the UK and Singapore regarding environmental crimes. The results of this study indicate that sentencing was ultimately imposed by fulfilling the elements required in the article, added with aggravating and mitigating factors associated with the facts in the trial. In addition, the judgment did not provide further explanation as to how the fine was determined. Therefore, this creates urgency for the Supreme Court to formulate a particular sentencing guideline for handling environmental crimes. The guideline must include provisions on what indicators and stages need to be considered by judges while imposing fine in factual cases. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang penjatuhan pidana denda dalam kasus tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia, mengingat undang-undang tidak memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai indikator yang dapat dipertimbangkan oleh hakim manakala menjatuhkan pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, penelitian ini membahas permasalahan yang dituangkan dalama tiga pertanyaan penelitian: Pertama, bagaimana pengaturan mengenai sanksi pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia; Kedua, apa saja indikator yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menentukan penjatuhan pidana denda yang proporsional dalam pemidanaan atas tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia; dan Ketiga, bagaimana penerapan penjatuhan sanksi pidana denda tindak pidana lingkungan hidup dalam praktik peradilan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini turut membandingkan ketentuan, pedoman pemidanaan, dan penerapannya di Inggris dan Singapura terkait tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemidanaan dalam kasus pada akhirnya dijatuhkan dengan pemenuhan unsur-unsur pasal semata, ditambah dengan faktor memberatkan dan meringankan yang dikaitkan dengan fakta dalam persidangan. Putusan Hakim juga tidak mencantumkan penjelasan lebih lanjut tentang bagaimana besaran pidana denda itu ditentukan. Karenanya, terdapat suatu urgensi bagi Mahkamah Agung untuk menyusun suatu pedoman pemidanaan khusus untuk penanganan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Pedoman pemidanaan ini mencakup ketentuan tentang indikator apa saja yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh ha
本文讨论了印尼环境犯罪案件的罚款问题。由于法律的缺失，对环境犯罪进行罚款时可以考虑的指标存在解释空白。本研究使用桌面研究讨论了三个研究问题:第一，印度尼西亚如何规范印度尼西亚环境犯罪罚款的适用;其次，印尼环境犯罪在确定比例罚款量刑时应考虑哪些指标;第三，印尼是如何在法庭上对环境犯罪处以罚款的。在回答这些问题时，该研究对英国和新加坡在环境犯罪方面的做法进行了比较分析。这项研究的结果表明，最终的量刑是在满足该条所要求的要素，加上与审判中的事实有关的加重和减轻因素的情况下作出的。此外，判决书没有进一步解释罚款是如何确定的。因此，大法院迫切需要制定具体的环境犯罪量刑指南。指南中必须包括法官在对事实案件进行罚款时需要考虑哪些指标和阶段的规定。摘要:Artikel ini membahas tentang penjatuhan pidana denda dalam kasus tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia, mengingat undang undang tidak memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut mengengeni指标yang dapat dipertimbangkan oleh hakim manakala menjatuhkan pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup。登安menggunakan mede penelitian normatif, penelitian ini membahas permasalahan yang dittuangkan dalama tiga pertanaan penelitian; Pertama, bagaimana pengaturan mengenai sanksi pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia;Kedua, apa saja指标yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menentukan penjatuhan pidana denda yang比例dalam pemidananatas tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia;dan Ketiga, bagaimana penerapan penjatuhan sanksi pidana dendak pidana lingkungan hidup dalam praktik peradilan di Indonesia。peneltitian ini turut(新加坡)成员，新加坡人，新加坡人，新加坡人，新加坡人，新加坡人。Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemidananan dalam kasus pada akhirnya dijatuhkan dengan pemenuhan unsur-unsur pasal semata, diambah dengan fakta dalam persidangan。Putusan hatusan juga tidak menmenantumkan penjelasan lebih lanjut tentantanmanbesaran pidana dendenititentukan。Karenanya，这是一个很好的例子，它是一个很好的例子，它是一个很好的例子，它是一个很好的例子。Pedoman penidananini menencakup ketentuan tentenan指标apa saja yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana beserta tahapan yang perlu dilalui dalam halm penidanan。Kata Kunci: pemidananan, tindak pidana lingkungan hidup, pidana denda, proporsionalitas
{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES IN INDONESIA AND THE ISSUE OF PROPORTIONALITY IN FINE IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Nathalina Naibaho, Anindita Yulidaningrum Purba","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.114","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the imposition of fines for environmental crimes cases in Indonesia. Due to the absence of law, there are explanations gaps concerning indicators that can be considered when imposing fines on environmental crimes. This study discusses three research questions using the desk research: First, how has Indonesia regulated the application of fines for environmental crimes in Indonesia; Second, what are the indicators to be considered to determine proportional fines as sentencing for environmental crimes in Indonesia; and Third, how has Indonesia applied fines as sentencing for environmental crimes within Indonesian courts. In answering these questions, the study conducts a comparative analysis between the practices of the UK and Singapore regarding environmental crimes. The results of this study indicate that sentencing was ultimately imposed by fulfilling the elements required in the article, added with aggravating and mitigating factors associated with the facts in the trial. In addition, the judgment did not provide further explanation as to how the fine was determined. Therefore, this creates urgency for the Supreme Court to formulate a particular sentencing guideline for handling environmental crimes. The guideline must include provisions on what indicators and stages need to be considered by judges while imposing fine in factual cases. \u0000Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang penjatuhan pidana denda dalam kasus tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia, mengingat undang-undang tidak memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai indikator yang dapat dipertimbangkan oleh hakim manakala menjatuhkan pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, penelitian ini membahas permasalahan yang dituangkan dalama tiga pertanyaan penelitian: Pertama, bagaimana pengaturan mengenai sanksi pidana denda dalam tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia; Kedua, apa saja indikator yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menentukan penjatuhan pidana denda yang proporsional dalam pemidanaan atas tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di Indonesia; dan Ketiga, bagaimana penerapan penjatuhan sanksi pidana denda tindak pidana lingkungan hidup dalam praktik peradilan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini turut membandingkan ketentuan, pedoman pemidanaan, dan penerapannya di Inggris dan Singapura terkait tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemidanaan dalam kasus pada akhirnya dijatuhkan dengan pemenuhan unsur-unsur pasal semata, ditambah dengan faktor memberatkan dan meringankan yang dikaitkan dengan fakta dalam persidangan. Putusan Hakim juga tidak mencantumkan penjelasan lebih lanjut tentang bagaimana besaran pidana denda itu ditentukan. Karenanya, terdapat suatu urgensi bagi Mahkamah Agung untuk menyusun suatu pedoman pemidanaan khusus untuk penanganan tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Pedoman pemidanaan ini mencakup ketentuan tentang indikator apa saja yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh ha","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122157945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22373/petita.v6i1.109
Yassar Aulia, Alim Abdurahman, M. Susanto
The Indonesian legislative process in recent years has been facing various serious procedural flaws. Most notably illustrated by at least three contemporary cases, namely regarding the process of the second amendment to Law No. 30 of 2002 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission (hereinafter referred to as the KPK Law); the third amendment to Law No. 24 of 2003 concerning the Constitutional Court (MK Law); and the formation of Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (Job Creation Law). The purpose of this paper is to see whether in practice, the legislative process in Indonesia has aligned itself with the fundamental principles of the legislative process and to see whether the legal framework regarding procedures during the law-making process are adequate. Through descriptive analytical research and comparative approach with the United Kingdom, this paper found that the Indonesian law-making process in practice is not in line with the fundamental principles of the legislative process. We also found that the legal framework regarding the procedure for making laws in Indonesia to be inadequate and therefore we suggest that it can draw some lessons from the practices of the British Parliament. Abstrak: Pembentukan undang-undang (UU) di Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir memiliki berbagai kecacatan prosedural yang serius. Kekacauan proses legislasi di Indonesia paling terang terilustrasikan jika melihat setidaknya tiga kasus kontemporer, yakni mengenai proses pembentukan UU No. 19 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas UU No. 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (selanjutnya disebut UU KPK), UU No. 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan Ketiga atas UU No. 24 Tahun 2003 tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi (UU MK), dan UU No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja (UU Cipta Kerja). Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk melihat apakah dalam praktik, proses pembentukan UU di Indonesia telah menyelaraskan diri dengan prinsip-prinsip fundamental proses pembentukan undang-undang dan melihat apakah pranata hukum prosedural yang berlaku telah memadai. Melalui spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis dan pendekatan perbandingan hukum dengan Britania Raya, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia belum selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip fundamental proses pembentukan undang-undang. Pranata hukum mengenai prosedur pembentukan UU yang ada di Indonesia juga kami temukan belum memadai dan oleh karenanya dapat mengambil beberapa pelajaran dari praktik Parlemen Britania Raya. Kata Kunci: Fast-Track Legislation, Omnibus Law, Pembentukan Undang-Undang, Perbandingan Hukum, Prinsip Prosedural
近年来，印度尼西亚的立法进程面临着各种严重的程序缺陷。最值得注意的是，至少有三个当代案例说明了这一点，即2002年关于消除腐败委员会的第30号法(以下简称《肃贪法》)第二次修正案的过程;2003年关于宪法法院的第24号法第三次修正案(MK法);制定了关于创造就业的2020年第11号法(创造就业法)。本文的目的是了解在实践中，印度尼西亚的立法程序是否与立法程序的基本原则保持一致，并了解立法过程中有关程序的法律框架是否充分。本文通过描述性分析研究和与英国比较的方法，发现印尼立法过程在实践中并不符合立法过程的基本原则。我们还发现，印度尼西亚关于制定法律程序的法律框架是不充分的，因此我们建议它可以从英国议会的做法中吸取一些教训。摘要:Pembentukan undang-undang (UU) di Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir memoriliki berbagai kecacatan程序性yang serius。Kekacauan向国会提交了第19号决议(2019年)、第30号决议(2002年)、第7号决议(2020年)、第24号决议(2003年)、第11号决议(2020年)、第11号决议(2020年)、第11号决议(2020年)、第11号决议(2020年)。Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk melihat apakah dalam praktik, proproppenbentukan UU di Indonesia telah menyelaraskan diri dengan prinsip-prinsip基本的proproppenbentukan undang-undang danmelihat apakah pranata hukum程序yang berlaku telah memadai。印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚Pranata hukum mengenai检察官pembentukan UU yang ada di印度尼西亚juga kami temukan belmeadai和oleh karenanya dapat mengbibil beberapa pelajaran dari praktik Parlemen Britania Raya。Kata Kunci:快速立法，综合法，Pembentukan Undang-Undang, Perbandingan Hukum，程序原则
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Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.22373/petita.v6i1.115
Oriola O. Oyewole
Over the years, the relationship between the environment and human rights has received global attention. The connection between the individuals, environment and international law is indispensable. However, domestic environmental activities and globalisation set domino effects on climate change where the actions within one jurisdiction affect the environment of neighbouring states. Sovereignty, state obligations and human rights are instruments that can regulate the protection of the environment. Set against this background, this paper will assess the contribution of international law to the protection of the environment, particularly the extent of enforceability of general state obligations through the 'no harm rule.' Arguably, transboundary harm is inevitable in most environmental activities. Therefore, the engaging state is obligated to take measures known as due diligence to regulate the transfer of transboundary harm. The threshold for these environmental activities is significant transboundary harm. In addition, it is observed that there is a limit to which state can be held accountable for violations of human rights where corporate actors, through their business activities, have contravened human rights. Hence, through case analysis, this paper examines the extent of corporate legal accountability for environmental degradation. Abstrak: Selama bertahun-tahun, hubungan antara lingkungan dan hak asasi manusia telah mendapat perhatian global. Hubungan antara individu, lingkungan dan hukum internasional sangat diperlukan. Namun, kegiatan lingkungan domestik dan globalisasi memberikan efek domino pada perubahan iklim di mana tindakan dalam satu yurisdiksi mempengaruhi lingkungan negara tetangga. Kedaulatan, kewajiban negara, dan hak asasi manusia merupakan instrumen yang dapat mengatur perlindungan lingkungan hidup. Dengan latar belakang ini, artikel ini akan menilai kontribusi hukum internasional terhadap perlindungan lingkungan, khususnya sejauh mana keberlakuan kewajiban negara secara umum melalui 'aturan yang tidak merugikan', karena kerusakan lintas batas tidak dapat dihindari di sebagian besar kegiatan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, negara yang terlibat wajib mengambil langkah-langkah yang dikenal sebagai uji tuntas untuk mengatur pengalihan bahaya lintas batas. Ambang batas untuk kegiatan lingkungan ini adalah bahaya lintas batas yang sangat penting. Selain itu, terlihat adanya batasan dimana negara dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban atas pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan korporasi, melalui kegiatan usahanya, yang telah melanggar hak asasi manusia. Oleh karena itu, melalui analisis kasus, artikel ini mengkaji sejauh mana akuntabilitas hukum korporasi atas kerusakan lingkungan. Kata Kunci: Kedaulatan, Uji Tuntas, Lingkungan, Hak Asasi Manusia, Tanggung Jawab Negara, Hukum Internasional
多年来，环境与人权之间的关系受到了全球的关注。个人、环境和国际法之间的联系是不可或缺的。然而，国内环境活动和全球化对气候变化产生了多米诺骨牌效应，即在一个管辖范围内的行动会影响邻国的环境。主权、国家义务和人权是可以规范环境保护的工具。在此背景下，本文将评估国际法对环境保护的贡献，特别是通过“无损害规则”的一般国家义务的可执行程度。可以说，在大多数环境活动中，跨界损害是不可避免的。因此，参与国有义务采取所谓的尽职调查措施来规范跨界损害的转移。这些环境活动的阈值是重大的跨界损害。此外，有人指出，在企业行为者通过其商业活动侵犯人权的情况下，国家对侵犯人权行为的责任是有限的。因此，本文通过案例分析，考察了企业对环境恶化的法律责任程度。摘要:Selama bertahun-tahun, hubungan antara lingkungan dan hak asasi manusia telah mendapat perhaat global。呼朋干，安塔拉个人，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干，呼朋干。Namun, kegiatan lingkungan，国内和全球成员，ekekk, domino, padalbahan, iklim, di, tindakan, dalam, yurisdiksi, mempengaruhi lingkungan negara, tetangga。Kedaulatan, kewajiban negara, dan hak asasi - merupakan仪器，yang dapat mengatur perlindungan lingkungan hidup。Dengan latar belakang ini, artikel ini阿坎人menilai kontribusi hukum持terhadap perlindungan lingkungan, khususnya sejauh法力keberlakuan kewajiban negara secara umum melalui”aturan杨有些merugikan’,林嘉欣kerusakan灵狮广告巴塔有些dapat dihindari di sebagian大的kegiatan lingkungan。Oleh karena, negara yang terlibat wajib mengbill langka -langkah yang dikenal sebagai uji tuntas untuk mengatur pengalihan bahaya lintas batas。安邦batas untuk kegiatan lingkungan ini adalah bahaya lintas batas yang sangat penting。Selain itu, terlihat adanya batasan dimana negara dapat diminat pertanggungjawaban atas pelanggaran haasasasia, yang dilakukan korporasia, melalui kegiatan usahanya, yang telah melanggara haasasia。Oleh karena itu, melalui analysis kasus, artikel in mengkaji sejauv . manuntabilitas hukum korporasi as kerusakan lingkungan。Kata Kunci: Kedaulatan, Uji Tuntas, Lingkungan, Hak Asasi Manusia, Tanggung Jawab Negara, Hukum international
{"title":"NAVIGATING THE WATERS: INTERNATIONAL LAW, ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS","authors":"Oriola O. Oyewole","doi":"10.22373/petita.v6i1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1.115","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the relationship between the environment and human rights has received global attention. The connection between the individuals, environment and international law is indispensable. However, domestic environmental activities and globalisation set domino effects on climate change where the actions within one jurisdiction affect the environment of neighbouring states. Sovereignty, state obligations and human rights are instruments that can regulate the protection of the environment. Set against this background, this paper will assess the contribution of international law to the protection of the environment, particularly the extent of enforceability of general state obligations through the 'no harm rule.' Arguably, transboundary harm is inevitable in most environmental activities. Therefore, the engaging state is obligated to take measures known as due diligence to regulate the transfer of transboundary harm. The threshold for these environmental activities is significant transboundary harm. In addition, it is observed that there is a limit to which state can be held accountable for violations of human rights where corporate actors, through their business activities, have contravened human rights. Hence, through case analysis, this paper examines the extent of corporate legal accountability for environmental degradation. \u0000Abstrak: Selama bertahun-tahun, hubungan antara lingkungan dan hak asasi manusia telah mendapat perhatian global. Hubungan antara individu, lingkungan dan hukum internasional sangat diperlukan. Namun, kegiatan lingkungan domestik dan globalisasi memberikan efek domino pada perubahan iklim di mana tindakan dalam satu yurisdiksi mempengaruhi lingkungan negara tetangga. Kedaulatan, kewajiban negara, dan hak asasi manusia merupakan instrumen yang dapat mengatur perlindungan lingkungan hidup. Dengan latar belakang ini, artikel ini akan menilai kontribusi hukum internasional terhadap perlindungan lingkungan, khususnya sejauh mana keberlakuan kewajiban negara secara umum melalui 'aturan yang tidak merugikan', karena kerusakan lintas batas tidak dapat dihindari di sebagian besar kegiatan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, negara yang terlibat wajib mengambil langkah-langkah yang dikenal sebagai uji tuntas untuk mengatur pengalihan bahaya lintas batas. Ambang batas untuk kegiatan lingkungan ini adalah bahaya lintas batas yang sangat penting. Selain itu, terlihat adanya batasan dimana negara dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban atas pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan korporasi, melalui kegiatan usahanya, yang telah melanggar hak asasi manusia. Oleh karena itu, melalui analisis kasus, artikel ini mengkaji sejauh mana akuntabilitas hukum korporasi atas kerusakan lingkungan. \u0000Kata Kunci: Kedaulatan, Uji Tuntas, Lingkungan, Hak Asasi Manusia, Tanggung Jawab Negara, Hukum Internasional","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132741112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.100
R. Budiman
The existence of Islamic law from time to time in a Muslim community is believed to be the result of an in-depth study of the sources of Islamic law: the Qur’an (the Word of God), Hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad), Ijtihad (the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Qur’an and the Sunnah), Qiyas (the deduction of legal prescriptions from the Qur’an or Sunnah by analogic reasoning), as well as Ijma (the result of the agreement of the Scholars). These sources of Islamic law were then poured into Usul al-Fiqh, which was then considered as a concrete form of Islamic law itself. This is reinforced by the classical teachings of orientalist Scholars who acknowledge that Islamic law is preserved in Usul al-Fiqh by great Scholars. However, this concept was challenged by Hallaq with a misrepresentation of his theory. He stated that Sharia can exist in society, not because of the role of Usul al-Fiqh but the role of the Fatwa (authoritative legal opinion), which is given by the Mufti and is applied by practitioners of Islamic law in Muslim-majority societies.
{"title":"THEORETICAL REVIEW OF ISLAMIC LEGAL SOURCES ACCORDING TO THE MISREPRESENTATION THEORY OF HALLAQ","authors":"R. Budiman","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.100","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of Islamic law from time to time in a Muslim community is believed to be the result of an in-depth study of the sources of Islamic law: the Qur’an (the Word of God), Hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad), Ijtihad (the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Qur’an and the Sunnah), Qiyas (the deduction of legal prescriptions from the Qur’an or Sunnah by analogic reasoning), as well as Ijma (the result of the agreement of the Scholars). These sources of Islamic law were then poured into Usul al-Fiqh, which was then considered as a concrete form of Islamic law itself. This is reinforced by the classical teachings of orientalist Scholars who acknowledge that Islamic law is preserved in Usul al-Fiqh by great Scholars. However, this concept was challenged by Hallaq with a misrepresentation of his theory. He stated that Sharia can exist in society, not because of the role of Usul al-Fiqh but the role of the Fatwa (authoritative legal opinion), which is given by the Mufti and is applied by practitioners of Islamic law in Muslim-majority societies.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132626078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyzes the historical shifts of land property rights in Indonesia's archipelago and how new land laws were formed, especially during the Dutch colonization era. After the Netherlands East Indies (NEI) established in the 18th century and proclaimed itself as a sovereign landlord over the East Indies (Indonesia), the role of indigenous law (adat law) and its rights to lands have diminished by a new form of law namely the European law system (the civil code). By adopting the European civil code, the colonial Dutch declared all uncertified lands and all forests’ resources were the Dutch colonial State's property and to be managed by the colonial authority [State’s domain]. For Adat peoples, these rights belong to them, either as individuals or as groups, and it had been recognized by their customary law (adat law) legally, which they have had since their ancestors inhabited within the land, territories, and resources. Further significant impact toward the adat rights to land, when the Agrarian Act (agrarisch wet) applied in 1870 by the colonial government, had severely impacted towards the land right of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, by which most of them had lost their adat property right to lands and forest resources. In contrast, the Dutch colonial State was gained millions of guldens for economic profit from the expropriation of the native land and from unpaid native slaves who worked in the Dutch plantation sectors.
{"title":"THE DUTCH COLONIAL ECONOMIC’S POLICY ON NATIVES LAND PROPERTY OF INDONESIA","authors":"Chairul Fahmi","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.99","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the historical shifts of land property rights in Indonesia's archipelago and how new land laws were formed, especially during the Dutch colonization era. After the Netherlands East Indies (NEI) established in the 18th century and proclaimed itself as a sovereign landlord over the East Indies (Indonesia), the role of indigenous law (adat law) and its rights to lands have diminished by a new form of law namely the European law system (the civil code). By adopting the European civil code, the colonial Dutch declared all uncertified lands and all forests’ resources were the Dutch colonial State's property and to be managed by the colonial authority [State’s domain]. For Adat peoples, these rights belong to them, either as individuals or as groups, and it had been recognized by their customary law (adat law) legally, which they have had since their ancestors inhabited within the land, territories, and resources. Further significant impact toward the adat rights to land, when the Agrarian Act (agrarisch wet) applied in 1870 by the colonial government, had severely impacted towards the land right of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, by which most of them had lost their adat property right to lands and forest resources. In contrast, the Dutch colonial State was gained millions of guldens for economic profit from the expropriation of the native land and from unpaid native slaves who worked in the Dutch plantation sectors.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128146663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22373/petita.v5i2.106
Rahayu Prasetianingsih
The existence of Constitutional Court becomes important as requisite for the rule of law principle and democracy in Indonesia. Amendment of the Constitution by Indonesia National Assembly has chosen to share judicial power held by the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court with the authority to judicial review of legislation to the Constitution. The Constitutional Court as Guardian of the Constitution has its own role in establishing constitutional culture in Indonesia. Commitment to constitutionalism is adistinctive constitutional culture which will also develop the constitution itself. Commitment to UUD 1945 as the limitation to the powers and a guarantee of constitutional rights that must be protected by the Constitutional Court with the authority to review as the implementation of Indonesia constitutionalism. Constitutional culture discuss in this paper is focused on understanding constitutional culture which will affect the implementation of the constitution by "the formal institutions of the state", especially in relation to the citizenry. The Constitutional Court in review of the legislation to the constitution has used various methods of Constitutional interpretation to uphold the law and substantive justice. From several decisions seem that the constitutional interpretation made by the Constitutional Court was expanding the existing notions of UUD 1945 or event change the constitution. The Constitutional Court leads to judicial activism and can be said that the constitutional court has become super body. On the other side, presence of the Constitutional Court expected to complement the government system of Indonesia, in accordance with the function can motivate the performance of other state institutions, in this case the legislator in order to establish better legislation. Abstrak: Mahkamah Konstitusi menjadi syarat penting bagi terwujudnya prinsip negara hukum dan demokrasi di Indonesia. Perubahan Konstitusi oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat telah membagi kekuasaan kehakiman kepada Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan kewenangan pengujian undang-undang terhadap Konstitusi. Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Penjaga Konstitusi memiliki peran tersendiri dalam membangun budaya konstitusi di Indonesia. Komitmen terhadap konstitusionalisme merupakan budaya konstitusi yang khas yang juga akan mendinamisasi konstitusi itu sendiri. Komitmen terhadap UUD 1945 sebagai pembatasan kekuasaan dan jaminan hak konstitusional yang harus dilindungi oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan kewenangan pengujian sebagai implementasi konstitusionalisme Indonesia. Budaya konstitusi yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini fokus pada pemahaman budaya konstitusi yang akan mempengaruhi pelaksanaan konstitusi oleh "lembaga formal negara", terutama dalam kaitannya dengan warga negara. Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menguji undang-undang terhadap konstitusi telah menggunakan berbagai metode penafsiran Konstitusi untuk menegakkan hukum dan keadilan substantif. Dari beberapa putusan t
宪法法院的存在对于印度尼西亚的法治原则和民主至关重要。印度尼西亚国民议会对《宪法》的修正选择了将最高法院和宪法法院拥有的司法权与对《宪法》立法进行司法审查的权力分享。宪法法院作为宪法的守护者，在建立印尼宪法文化方面有着自己的作用。承诺宪政是一种独具特色的宪政文化，它也将推动宪法自身的发展。对《1945年宪法》的承诺是对权力的限制和对宪法权利的保障，宪法法院有权审查印度尼西亚宪政的执行情况。本文对宪法文化的讨论侧重于理解影响“国家正式机构”实施宪法的宪法文化，特别是与公民的宪法文化。宪法法院在对宪法立法进行审查时，采用了各种宪法解释方法来维护法律和实体正义。从几个决定来看，宪法法院作出的宪法解释似乎是在扩大现有的关于1945年宪法的概念，或如果改变宪法。宪法法院导致了司法能动主义，可以说宪法法院已经成为超级机构。另一方面，宪法法院的存在有望补充印度尼西亚的政府制度，按照其职能可以激励其他国家机构的表现，在这种情况下是立法者，以便建立更好的立法。【摘要】印尼国家元首、国家元首、国家元首和民主领袖。我的企鹅，我的企鹅，我的企鹅，我的企鹅，我的企鹅，我的企鹅。Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Penjaga Konstitusi memiliki peran tersendiri dalam membangun budaya Konstitusi di Indonesia。Komitmen terhadap constitutionalisme merupakan budaya konstitusi yang khas yang juga akan mendinamisasi konstitusi i sendiri。印度尼西亚宪法委员会于1945年成立，印尼宪法委员会主席，印度尼西亚宪法委员会主席，印度尼西亚宪法委员会主席。Budaya konstitusi yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini fous pada pemahaman Budaya konstitusi yang akan mempengaruhi pelaksanaan konstitusi oleh“lembaga formal negara”，terutama dalam kaitannya dengan warga negara。Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menguji undang-undang terhadap Konstitusi telah menggunakan berbagai方法penafsiran Konstitusi untuk menegakkan hukum dan keadilan substantian。一九四五年，我的女儿在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前，在我的女儿面前。Mahkamah Konstitusi mengarah pada司法能动主义dan dapat dikatakan bahwa Mahkamah Konstitusi telah menjadi超体。Di sisi lain, kehadiran Mahkamah Konstitusi diharapkan dapat melengkapi system permerintahan Indonesia, sesuai dengan fungsinya dapat memotivasi kinerja lembaga negara lainnya, dalam hal ini pembentuk undang-undang agar dapat membentuk peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih baik。Kata Kunci:司法审查，Penafsiran Konstitusi, Budaya Konstitusi
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Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22373/PETITA.V5I2.103
Rosmawardani Muhammad
The District Court and Syari’ah Court (Mahkamah Syar’iyah) jurisdictions to deal with child sexual abuse cases have still overlapped. This issue generates legal uncertainty in the enforcement of Jinayat Law in Aceh. This study aims to analyze the resolution patterns over child sexual abuse cases in Aceh, the resolution patterns over child sexual abuse cases at District Courts, and the efforts to solve dualism issues of the courts in trying child sexual abuse cases in Aceh. This study employed a juridical-empirical method that attempts to analyze behaviors of law enforcement officials in handling sexual abuse cases in Aceh using case and statute approaches based on the rules and principles of law studies. The legal materials utilized in this study were Law, Qanun, Government Regulation, and Syari’ah Court and District Court Decisions. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that both District Courts and Syari’ah Courts still settle sexual abuse cases. The results also point out that the resolution patterns in adjudicating sexual abuse cases at District Courts are categorized into adult offenders and young offenders. The provisions stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) are applied for adult offenders, while the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law is regulated for young offenders. The efforts to overcome dualism are generating new policies by the Supreme Court to delegate the authority to solve sexual abuse cases and other jinayat cases from District Courts to Syari’ah Courts, and the issuance of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Aceh Syari’ah Courts, Aceh Regional Police, Aceh High Prosecutor’s Office, and Aceh High Court governing the authorization limits over the settlement of jinayat cases.
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H. P. Wiratraman, Sri Lestari Wahyuningroem, M. Wardaya, D. Simatupang
This article discusses three key questions, namely, first, what and how is the development of policies and legal umbrella that can support the Central Government in the implementation of the Aceh TRC? Second, how can the institutional institution of the Aceh TRC and the Human Rights Court as a mechanism of justice strengthen mutual protection of human rights for victims and their families? Third, how to build strong legal relations between state institutions to strengthen the TRC's recommendations regarding reparations? Produced from a research process and focus group discussion, this article encourages a number of legal policy developments that are oriented as a solution to the limited efforts to protect and fulfill victims, especially in relation to reparations and restoration of their rights. Also, emphasizing the legal position of the basic national legal political context is re-associated as a reminder of the marwah of the Helsinki MOU for the future of Aceh. Abstrak: Artikel ini mendiskusikan tiga pertanyaan kunci, yakni pertama, apa dan bagaimana pengembangan kebijakan dan payung hukum yang dapat menjadi dukungan Pemerintah Pusat terhadap pemberlakuan KKR Aceh? Kedua, bagaimana secara institusional kelembagaan KKR Aceh dan Pengadilan HAM sebagai mekanisme keadilan dapat saling memperkuat perlindungan HAM bagi korban dan keluarganya? Ketiga, bagaimana membangun relasi hukum yang kuat antar Lembaga negara untuk memperkuat rekomendasi KKR terkait reparasi? Dihasilkan dari proses riset dan diskusi grup terarah, artikel ini mendorong sejumlah pengembangan kebijakan hukum yang diorientasikan sebagai jalan keluar atas terbatasnya upaya perlindungan dan pemenuhan bagi korban, terutama terkait reparasi dan pemulihan hak-haknya. Serta, menegaskan posisi hukum atas konteks politik hukum nasional yang mendasar dikaitkan kembali sebagai pengingat marwah MOU Helsinki bagi masa depan Aceh. Kata Kunci: Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi, Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia, Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia, Pemerintah Aceh
本文讨论了三个关键问题，即，首先，政策和法律保护伞的发展是什么，以及如何支持中央政府实施亚齐TRC?第二，作为司法机制的亚齐难民重建委员会的体制机构和人权法院如何加强对受害者及其家属人权的相互保护?第三，如何在国家机构之间建立强有力的法律关系，以加强TRC关于赔偿的建议?这篇文章是在研究过程和焦点小组讨论的基础上提出的，它鼓励制定一些法律政策，旨在解决保护和实现受害者的有限努力，特别是在赔偿和恢复其权利方面。此外，强调基本的国家法律政治背景的法律地位被重新联系起来，提醒人们注意赫尔辛基谅解备忘录对亚齐未来的意义。摘要:亚齐省亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省，亚齐省。Kedua, bagaimana secara机构kelembagaan KKR亚齐丹彭迪兰HAM sebagai mekanisme keadilan dapat销售成员kuat perlindungan HAM bagi korban dan keluarganya?Ketiga, bagaimana membangun relasi hukum yang kuat antar Lembaga negara untuk memperkuat rekomendasi KKR terkait reparasi?Dihasilkan dari表示访问和讨论集团terarah, artikel ini mendorong sejumlah pengembangan kebijakan hukum yang diorientasikan sebagai jalan keluaras terbatasnya upaya perlindungan dan pemenuhan bagi korban, terutama terkait reparasi dan pemulihan hak-haknya。芬兰，芬兰，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚。Kata Kunci: Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi, Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia, Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia, Pemerintah Aceh
{"title":"TAKING POLICY SERIOUSLY: WHAT SHOULD INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT DO TO STRENGTHEN ACEH TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION?","authors":"H. P. Wiratraman, Sri Lestari Wahyuningroem, M. Wardaya, D. Simatupang","doi":"10.22373/PETITA.V5I1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/PETITA.V5I1.93","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses three key questions, namely, first, what and how is the development of policies and legal umbrella that can support the Central Government in the implementation of the Aceh TRC? Second, how can the institutional institution of the Aceh TRC and the Human Rights Court as a mechanism of justice strengthen mutual protection of human rights for victims and their families? Third, how to build strong legal relations between state institutions to strengthen the TRC's recommendations regarding reparations? Produced from a research process and focus group discussion, this article encourages a number of legal policy developments that are oriented as a solution to the limited efforts to protect and fulfill victims, especially in relation to reparations and restoration of their rights. Also, emphasizing the legal position of the basic national legal political context is re-associated as a reminder of the marwah of the Helsinki MOU for the future of Aceh. \u0000Abstrak: Artikel ini mendiskusikan tiga pertanyaan kunci, yakni pertama, apa dan bagaimana pengembangan kebijakan dan payung hukum yang dapat menjadi dukungan Pemerintah Pusat terhadap pemberlakuan KKR Aceh? Kedua, bagaimana secara institusional kelembagaan KKR Aceh dan Pengadilan HAM sebagai mekanisme keadilan dapat saling memperkuat perlindungan HAM bagi korban dan keluarganya? Ketiga, bagaimana membangun relasi hukum yang kuat antar Lembaga negara untuk memperkuat rekomendasi KKR terkait reparasi? Dihasilkan dari proses riset dan diskusi grup terarah, artikel ini mendorong sejumlah pengembangan kebijakan hukum yang diorientasikan sebagai jalan keluar atas terbatasnya upaya perlindungan dan pemenuhan bagi korban, terutama terkait reparasi dan pemulihan hak-haknya. Serta, menegaskan posisi hukum atas konteks politik hukum nasional yang mendasar dikaitkan kembali sebagai pengingat marwah MOU Helsinki bagi masa depan Aceh. \u0000Kata Kunci: Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi, Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia, Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia, Pemerintah Aceh","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126160557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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