Aceh came up with a sharia-based compilation of penal law, Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law. QanunJinayat governs the provisions regarding a child involved in jarimah, where several principles set forth in the regulatory provisions differ from those in the national judicial system of juvenile crime. This study discusses the differences in the handling of the violation of Qanun Jinayat by children on which flagellation is imposed in terms of the aspect of child protection. This study was conducted based on socio-legal and socio-juridical approaches. The research result shows that flagellation imposed on a child contravenes the child protection principle in the national judicial system of juvenile crime. The flagellation regulated in Qanun Jinayat is based on the consideration suggesting that flagellation is the essence of punishment in Islamic law. Qanun Jinayat should be evaluated by referring to the principle of child protection in the national judicial system to reach the objectives of legal protection in children especially those facing legal disputes.
{"title":"FLAGELLATION IMPOSED AS A SANCTION BASED ON THE ASPECT OF CHILD PROTECTION","authors":"Nurini Aprilianda, Mufatikhatul Farikhah, Liza Agnesia Krisna","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.276","url":null,"abstract":"Aceh came up with a sharia-based compilation of penal law, Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law. QanunJinayat governs the provisions regarding a child involved in jarimah, where several principles set forth in the regulatory provisions differ from those in the national judicial system of juvenile crime. This study discusses the differences in the handling of the violation of Qanun Jinayat by children on which flagellation is imposed in terms of the aspect of child protection. This study was conducted based on socio-legal and socio-juridical approaches. The research result shows that flagellation imposed on a child contravenes the child protection principle in the national judicial system of juvenile crime. The flagellation regulated in Qanun Jinayat is based on the consideration suggesting that flagellation is the essence of punishment in Islamic law. Qanun Jinayat should be evaluated by referring to the principle of child protection in the national judicial system to reach the objectives of legal protection in children especially those facing legal disputes.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"58 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.213
Yordan Gunawan, Mhd. Ervizal Rizqy Pane
Abstract: Armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine escalated in 2022 after Russian President Putin decided to conduct a "special military operation" to strive to "demilitarize" and "denazification" Ukraine; the attacks caused various casualties, such as urban residential areas, communication, transportation, including an air strike and bombing civilian objects. In international humanitarian law, states must respect and ensure respect for the rules governing the conduct of hostilities, which include the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precaution. These principles aim to minimize the impact of armed conflicts on civilian populations and infrastructure. This study delved into the critical issue of responsibility concerning excessive infrastructure damage during armed conflicts, with a specific focus on Russia's attacks on Ukraine. The analysis highlighted the grave consequences of such attacks, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of the parties involved and the applicable international laws. The research aims to understand the concept of state responsibility of the State under international law and analyze the legal responsibility for Russian attacks that caused excessive infrastructure damage from an international law perspective. The research used normative legal research with a library research approach; the author collected and processed secondary data used as the primary legal source. The results showed that Russia's attacks on Ukraine breached international law. The research also found the severe consequences of such attacks and emphasized the significance of understanding the involved parties and applicable international laws. Promoting peace and preventing future conflicts necessitate holding aggressors accountable for infrastructure devastation. This study underscores the importance of international cooperation and enforcement of measures to ensure stability and security on a global scale. Keywords: Armed-conflict, international law, state responsibility, war crime Abstrak: Konflik bersenjata antara Rusia dan Ukraina semakin memanas di tahun 2022, setelah Presiden Rusia Putin memutuskan untuk melakukan "operasi militer khusus" untuk berusaha "demiliterisasi" dan "denazifikasi" Ukraina; serangan tersebut menyebabkan berbagai korban, seperti daerah pemukiman perkotaan, komunikasi, transportasi, termasuk serangan udara dan pengeboman infrastruktur sipil. Dalam hukum humaniter internasional, negara harus menghormati dan memastikan penghormatan terhadap aturan-aturan yang mengatur pelaksanaan permusuhan, yang meliputi prinsip-prinsip pembedaan, proporsionalitas, dan kehati-hatian. Prinsip-prinsip ini bertujuan untuk meminimalkan dampak konflik bersenjata terhadap penduduk sipil dan infrastruktur. Studi ini menggali isu kritis tentang tanggung jawab terkait kerusakan infrastruktur yang berlebihan selama konflik bersenjata, dengan fokus khusus pada serangan Rusia terhadap Ukraina. Analisis ini menyoroti kon
{"title":"RESPONSIBILITY FOR EXCESSIVE INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE IN ATTACKS: ANALYZING RUSSIA’S ATTACK IN UKRAINE","authors":"Yordan Gunawan, Mhd. Ervizal Rizqy Pane","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.213","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine escalated in 2022 after Russian President Putin decided to conduct a \"special military operation\" to strive to \"demilitarize\" and \"denazification\" Ukraine; the attacks caused various casualties, such as urban residential areas, communication, transportation, including an air strike and bombing civilian objects. In international humanitarian law, states must respect and ensure respect for the rules governing the conduct of hostilities, which include the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precaution. These principles aim to minimize the impact of armed conflicts on civilian populations and infrastructure. This study delved into the critical issue of responsibility concerning excessive infrastructure damage during armed conflicts, with a specific focus on Russia's attacks on Ukraine. The analysis highlighted the grave consequences of such attacks, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of the parties involved and the applicable international laws. The research aims to understand the concept of state responsibility of the State under international law and analyze the legal responsibility for Russian attacks that caused excessive infrastructure damage from an international law perspective. The research used normative legal research with a library research approach; the author collected and processed secondary data used as the primary legal source. The results showed that Russia's attacks on Ukraine breached international law. The research also found the severe consequences of such attacks and emphasized the significance of understanding the involved parties and applicable international laws. Promoting peace and preventing future conflicts necessitate holding aggressors accountable for infrastructure devastation. This study underscores the importance of international cooperation and enforcement of measures to ensure stability and security on a global scale. \u0000Keywords: Armed-conflict, international law, state responsibility, war crime \u0000 \u0000Abstrak: Konflik bersenjata antara Rusia dan Ukraina semakin memanas di tahun 2022, setelah Presiden Rusia Putin memutuskan untuk melakukan \"operasi militer khusus\" untuk berusaha \"demiliterisasi\" dan \"denazifikasi\" Ukraina; serangan tersebut menyebabkan berbagai korban, seperti daerah pemukiman perkotaan, komunikasi, transportasi, termasuk serangan udara dan pengeboman infrastruktur sipil. Dalam hukum humaniter internasional, negara harus menghormati dan memastikan penghormatan terhadap aturan-aturan yang mengatur pelaksanaan permusuhan, yang meliputi prinsip-prinsip pembedaan, proporsionalitas, dan kehati-hatian. Prinsip-prinsip ini bertujuan untuk meminimalkan dampak konflik bersenjata terhadap penduduk sipil dan infrastruktur. Studi ini menggali isu kritis tentang tanggung jawab terkait kerusakan infrastruktur yang berlebihan selama konflik bersenjata, dengan fokus khusus pada serangan Rusia terhadap Ukraina. Analisis ini menyoroti kon","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.244
Amar Muammar Rahman, Muhammad Husnul
Effectiveness Returning state financial losses due to criminal acts of corruption is still far from expectations. In 2022, the number of decisions observed by ICW will increase fundamentally, namely 2,056 decisions with 2,249 defendants. In 2022, the average perpetrator of corruption will be imprisoned for 3 years and 4 months, which will cost the state Rp. 48,786,368,945,194.70 (Rp. 48,786 trillion). This article aims to describe the form of failure of Indonesian criminal law in efforts to return state assets and analyse the causes and consequences resulting from the failure of criminal law in efforts to return state assets. This research is based on qualitative research by conducting legislative studies and literature studies. The research results show that the form of failure to recover state financial losses is characterized by the increasing value of unrecovered state losses from year to year. This is a result of the legal vacuum that can be applied in efforts to recover state financial losses because the applicable legal formulation is no longer relevant or cannot reach the scope for confiscation of corruptors' assets so that judges have limitations in making sentences regarding the return of state losses. This has the impact of hampering equitable economic development and hindering foreign investors because the rulers and conglomerates use land to benefit certain groups. This research concludes that the formulation of criminal law cannot accommodate legal needs regarding the recovery of state financial losses due to corruption, so it is recommended to immediately pass the Asset Confiscation Bill.
{"title":"FAILURE OF CRIMINAL LAW IN RECOVERING STATE LOSSES DUE TO CRIMINAL ACTS OF CORRUPTION","authors":"Amar Muammar Rahman, Muhammad Husnul","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.244","url":null,"abstract":"Effectiveness Returning state financial losses due to criminal acts of corruption is still far from expectations. In 2022, the number of decisions observed by ICW will increase fundamentally, namely 2,056 decisions with 2,249 defendants. In 2022, the average perpetrator of corruption will be imprisoned for 3 years and 4 months, which will cost the state Rp. 48,786,368,945,194.70 (Rp. 48,786 trillion). This article aims to describe the form of failure of Indonesian criminal law in efforts to return state assets and analyse the causes and consequences resulting from the failure of criminal law in efforts to return state assets. This research is based on qualitative research by conducting legislative studies and literature studies. The research results show that the form of failure to recover state financial losses is characterized by the increasing value of unrecovered state losses from year to year. This is a result of the legal vacuum that can be applied in efforts to recover state financial losses because the applicable legal formulation is no longer relevant or cannot reach the scope for confiscation of corruptors' assets so that judges have limitations in making sentences regarding the return of state losses. This has the impact of hampering equitable economic development and hindering foreign investors because the rulers and conglomerates use land to benefit certain groups. This research concludes that the formulation of criminal law cannot accommodate legal needs regarding the recovery of state financial losses due to corruption, so it is recommended to immediately pass the Asset Confiscation Bill. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.257
Fathorrahman, H. A. Prihantoro, Nyak Fadlullah
This study aims to analyze the role of religious fatwas issued by Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah in assisting the Indonesian government in implementing health protocols and vaccination programs during the pandemic era. In fact, not all Indonesian citizens comply with the health protocols and vaccination programs established by the Indonesian government. This study employs the concepts of self-government and biopolitics from Michel Foucault's perspective. Both concepts are used to see how MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah fatwas can control and direct the religious understanding of Indonesian society during the pandemic era. The religious fatwas issued by MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah play a crucial role in assisting the government in responding to and addressing the contestation of religious discourse during the pandemic era in Indonesia. These three institutions are aware that religious discourse during the pandemic era must consider medical discourse. With religious narratives considered inclusive and adaptive to the issues faced by Indonesian society during the COVID-19 pandemic, fatwas from MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah can shape and guide the religious awareness of Indonesian society in the public sphere. This research concludes that religious fatwas, especially in the pandemic era, are capable of positioning religious discourse and scientific knowledge proportionally
{"title":"THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS FATWAS IN INDONESIA: AN ANALYSIS OF SELF-GOVERNMENT AND BIOPOLITICS DURING THE PANDEMIC","authors":"Fathorrahman, H. A. Prihantoro, Nyak Fadlullah","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.257","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the role of religious fatwas issued by Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah in assisting the Indonesian government in implementing health protocols and vaccination programs during the pandemic era. In fact, not all Indonesian citizens comply with the health protocols and vaccination programs established by the Indonesian government. This study employs the concepts of self-government and biopolitics from Michel Foucault's perspective. Both concepts are used to see how MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah fatwas can control and direct the religious understanding of Indonesian society during the pandemic era. The religious fatwas issued by MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah play a crucial role in assisting the government in responding to and addressing the contestation of religious discourse during the pandemic era in Indonesia. These three institutions are aware that religious discourse during the pandemic era must consider medical discourse. With religious narratives considered inclusive and adaptive to the issues faced by Indonesian society during the COVID-19 pandemic, fatwas from MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah can shape and guide the religious awareness of Indonesian society in the public sphere. This research concludes that religious fatwas, especially in the pandemic era, are capable of positioning religious discourse and scientific knowledge proportionally","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.224
Ending Solehudin, Hisam Ahyani
The purpose of this study is to reveal the sharia compliance of the halal tourism business in Bandung Regency, where halal tourism in its implementation must be carried out by prioritizing the principles of Islamic business ethics (Professional Ethics), meaning it must submissive (obedient) in a syar'i, by prioritizing Islamic services with the aim of providing comfort for Muslim tourists in particular. In addition, the principles of Islamic service are expected to be able to realize professional ethics in doing business in an Islamic way, especially in carrying out halal tourism activities, especially for tourism industry players in Bandung Regency. This literature review uses the theory of Islamic business ethics as coined by Hamid Salam and Abdalla Hanafi including: a) Ethics to always convey the truth; b) Ethics to be trusted; c) Ethics to do something sincerely; d) Brotherhood ethics; e) Mastery of science; f) Ethics of Justice. The findings of this study are the principles of Islamic business ethics (professional ethics) in the implementation of the halal tourism business in Bandung Regency referring to the Bandung Regency Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 6 of 2020 concerning Halal Tourism, where there are several principles that must be met in running tourism. Halal in Bandung district which includes: a). set as needed; b). facilitate; c). according to ability; d). gradually; e). priority scale; and f). Inclusive. In addition, there is the concept of the Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET) or the Global Tourism Code of Ethics as a reference for sustainable tourism development in Bandung Regency which includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental components. This is because Indonesia is not an Islamic country but a country where the majority of the population is Muslim, so it is necessary to prioritize the values of Rahmatan lil 'Alamin in business (muamalah), especially in terms of additional service activities in halal tourism in Bandung Regency. In addition, indicators of sharia compliance in halal tourism in Bandung district are referring to 2 regulations, namely local regulations (perda) Bandung district number 6 of 2020 concerning halal tourism, and DSN-MUI fatwa No: 108/DSN-MUI/2016 concerning guidelines for tourism implementation based on sharia principles.
{"title":"LEGAL COMPLIANCE ON SHARIA ECONOMICS IN HALAL TOURISM REGULATIONS","authors":"Ending Solehudin, Hisam Ahyani","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.224","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to reveal the sharia compliance of the halal tourism business in Bandung Regency, where halal tourism in its implementation must be carried out by prioritizing the principles of Islamic business ethics (Professional Ethics), meaning it must submissive (obedient) in a syar'i, by prioritizing Islamic services with the aim of providing comfort for Muslim tourists in particular. In addition, the principles of Islamic service are expected to be able to realize professional ethics in doing business in an Islamic way, especially in carrying out halal tourism activities, especially for tourism industry players in Bandung Regency. This literature review uses the theory of Islamic business ethics as coined by Hamid Salam and Abdalla Hanafi including: a) Ethics to always convey the truth; b) Ethics to be trusted; c) Ethics to do something sincerely; d) Brotherhood ethics; e) Mastery of science; f) Ethics of Justice. The findings of this study are the principles of Islamic business ethics (professional ethics) in the implementation of the halal tourism business in Bandung Regency referring to the Bandung Regency Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 6 of 2020 concerning Halal Tourism, where there are several principles that must be met in running tourism. Halal in Bandung district which includes: a). set as needed; b). facilitate; c). according to ability; d). gradually; e). priority scale; and f). Inclusive. In addition, there is the concept of the Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET) or the Global Tourism Code of Ethics as a reference for sustainable tourism development in Bandung Regency which includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental components. This is because Indonesia is not an Islamic country but a country where the majority of the population is Muslim, so it is necessary to prioritize the values of Rahmatan lil 'Alamin in business (muamalah), especially in terms of additional service activities in halal tourism in Bandung Regency. In addition, indicators of sharia compliance in halal tourism in Bandung district are referring to 2 regulations, namely local regulations (perda) Bandung district number 6 of 2020 concerning halal tourism, and DSN-MUI fatwa No: 108/DSN-MUI/2016 concerning guidelines for tourism implementation based on sharia principles.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"34 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.254
J. Jailani, Zulfikar
The effort to positivate the Family Law Qanun (Ahwal Al-Syakhshiyah) which has been completed by the Aceh People's Representative Council together with the Aceh Government has become a polemic among academics, human rights activists, and some activists for the protection of women and children, especially when the discourse is in the mass media said Aceh will legalize the provision that husbands can have more than one wife in one of the articles of the Aceh Qanun Number 14 of 2019 concerning Family Law. Qanuns are formulated as the embodiment of the implementation of Islamic syari'at which has a juridical basis, mandate, and order of law Number 11 of 2006 concerning Aceh Governance. However, the pros and cons of issuing qanuns remain polemic. This writing reveals how the method of reasoning used by the parties involved in writing Islamic legal rules becomes a positive law. This writing analysis unit is an academic paper and draft of family law qanuns and Aceh Qanun Number 14 of 2019 concerning Family Law. The Taqnin process is identical to the legislative process as an ijtihad activity in compiling family law qanuns into positive law in the Indonesian legal system. The family law qanun reasoning uses ijtihad jama'i as the main method which is collaborated with the Istislahy, Sadduz Zari'ah, and 'Urf methods. The stipulation of some articles shall be guided by the principles of shari'a, fiqh mazhab, and adat. Article 181 Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (2) concerning uqubat are articles that occupy a strategic position, differentiating between Aceh Qanun Number 14 concerning Family Law and Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and Compilation of Islamic Laws on Marriage especially from non pusnishment act to be punish. Abstrak: Upaya positifikasi Qanun Hukum Keluarga (Ahwal Al-Syakhshiyah) yang telah diparipurnakan oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh bersama Pemerintah Aceh menjadi polemik di kalangan para akademisi, pegiat hak asasi manusia dan sebagian kalangan aktifis perlindungan perempuan dan anak, terutama ketika wacana di media massa menyebutkan Aceh akan melegalkan ketentuan suami dapat beristeri lebih dari satu dalam salah satu pasal Qanun Aceh Nomor 14 Tahun 2019 Tentang Hukum Keluarga. Qanun disusun sebagai perwujudan pelaksanaan syari’at Islam yang memiliki landasan yuridis, amanat dan perintah undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pemerintahan Aceh. Namun pro kontra penerbitan qanun tetap menjadi polemik. Penulisan ini mengungkapkan bagaimana metode penalaran yang digunakan oleh para pihak yang terlibat dalam penulisan aturan hukum Islam menjadi hukum positif. Unit Analisis penulisan ini adalah naskah akademik dan draf qanun hukum keluarga serta Qanun Aceh Nomor 14 Tahun 2019 Tentang Hukum Keluarga. Proses Taqnin identik dengan proses legislasi sebagai kegiatan ijtihad dalam menyusun qanun hukum keluarga menjadi hukum positif dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Penalaran qanun hukum keluarga menggunakan ijtihad jama’i sebagai metode utama
{"title":"FROM NON-PUNISHMENT TO BEING PUNISHED: ISTINBATH TAQNIN ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN ACEH","authors":"J. Jailani, Zulfikar","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.254","url":null,"abstract":"The effort to positivate the Family Law Qanun (Ahwal Al-Syakhshiyah) which has been completed by the Aceh People's Representative Council together with the Aceh Government has become a polemic among academics, human rights activists, and some activists for the protection of women and children, especially when the discourse is in the mass media said Aceh will legalize the provision that husbands can have more than one wife in one of the articles of the Aceh Qanun Number 14 of 2019 concerning Family Law. Qanuns are formulated as the embodiment of the implementation of Islamic syari'at which has a juridical basis, mandate, and order of law Number 11 of 2006 concerning Aceh Governance. However, the pros and cons of issuing qanuns remain polemic. This writing reveals how the method of reasoning used by the parties involved in writing Islamic legal rules becomes a positive law. This writing analysis unit is an academic paper and draft of family law qanuns and Aceh Qanun Number 14 of 2019 concerning Family Law. The Taqnin process is identical to the legislative process as an ijtihad activity in compiling family law qanuns into positive law in the Indonesian legal system. The family law qanun reasoning uses ijtihad jama'i as the main method which is collaborated with the Istislahy, Sadduz Zari'ah, and 'Urf methods. The stipulation of some articles shall be guided by the principles of shari'a, fiqh mazhab, and adat. Article 181 Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (2) concerning uqubat are articles that occupy a strategic position, differentiating between Aceh Qanun Number 14 concerning Family Law and Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and Compilation of Islamic Laws on Marriage especially from non pusnishment act to be punish. \u0000Abstrak: Upaya positifikasi Qanun Hukum Keluarga (Ahwal Al-Syakhshiyah) yang telah diparipurnakan oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh bersama Pemerintah Aceh menjadi polemik di kalangan para akademisi, pegiat hak asasi manusia dan sebagian kalangan aktifis perlindungan perempuan dan anak, terutama ketika wacana di media massa menyebutkan Aceh akan melegalkan ketentuan suami dapat beristeri lebih dari satu dalam salah satu pasal Qanun Aceh Nomor 14 Tahun 2019 Tentang Hukum Keluarga. Qanun disusun sebagai perwujudan pelaksanaan syari’at Islam yang memiliki landasan yuridis, amanat dan perintah undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pemerintahan Aceh. Namun pro kontra penerbitan qanun tetap menjadi polemik. Penulisan ini mengungkapkan bagaimana metode penalaran yang digunakan oleh para pihak yang terlibat dalam penulisan aturan hukum Islam menjadi hukum positif. Unit Analisis penulisan ini adalah naskah akademik dan draf qanun hukum keluarga serta Qanun Aceh Nomor 14 Tahun 2019 Tentang Hukum Keluarga. Proses Taqnin identik dengan proses legislasi sebagai kegiatan ijtihad dalam menyusun qanun hukum keluarga menjadi hukum positif dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Penalaran qanun hukum keluarga menggunakan ijtihad jama’i sebagai metode utama ","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"36 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.221
Eza Aulia, Saldi Isra, Yuslim
Sovereignty of the people is a principle embedded in paragraph IV of the preamble to the opening of the 1945 Constitution. However, the concept of popular sovereignty developed in Indonesia is a different concept from that developed in the West according to Rousseau's teachings. This research is doctrinal legal research using a historical approach and a conceptual approach, namely the idea of people's sovereignty based on Hatta's thoughts as one of the founding figures of the nation. Where the results of the research illustrate that the concept of popular sovereignty developed in Indonesia must be rooted in indigenous Indonesian cultures that have a collectivist pattern, collectivism is here seen as a way to accommodate the diversity of people in Indonesia who are bound by their respective regional characteristics. Conceptually, the people's sovereignty adopted by the Indonesian state contains 5 principles which are grouped into 2 basic principles, namely the essential principle which contains the principle of freedom and the principle of equality, as well as the procedural principle of implementing people's sovereignty which includes the principle of majority vote, the principle of accountability, and the principle of territoriality. The territorial principle is a finding developed from one of the ideals of popular sovereignty for Hatta, namely eliminating cultural nationalism, so that democracy can develop in a button-up manner that accommodates the noble values that exist in Indonesian society.
{"title":"THE CONCEPTION OF PEOPLE'S SOVEREIGNTY IN INDONESIA: MOHAMMAD HATTA'S THOUGHT APPROACH","authors":"Eza Aulia, Saldi Isra, Yuslim","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.221","url":null,"abstract":"Sovereignty of the people is a principle embedded in paragraph IV of the preamble to the opening of the 1945 Constitution. However, the concept of popular sovereignty developed in Indonesia is a different concept from that developed in the West according to Rousseau's teachings. This research is doctrinal legal research using a historical approach and a conceptual approach, namely the idea of people's sovereignty based on Hatta's thoughts as one of the founding figures of the nation. Where the results of the research illustrate that the concept of popular sovereignty developed in Indonesia must be rooted in indigenous Indonesian cultures that have a collectivist pattern, collectivism is here seen as a way to accommodate the diversity of people in Indonesia who are bound by their respective regional characteristics. Conceptually, the people's sovereignty adopted by the Indonesian state contains 5 principles which are grouped into 2 basic principles, namely the essential principle which contains the principle of freedom and the principle of equality, as well as the procedural principle of implementing people's sovereignty which includes the principle of majority vote, the principle of accountability, and the principle of territoriality. The territorial principle is a finding developed from one of the ideals of popular sovereignty for Hatta, namely eliminating cultural nationalism, so that democracy can develop in a button-up manner that accommodates the noble values that exist in Indonesian society.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.218
Andrii Shabalin, Olena Shtefan, Liliia Andrushchenko, V. Olefir
The use of digital technologies in the judiciary is becoming an increasingly relevant topic in the countries of Europe and the USA because a new reality has emerged in the world that requires governments to systematically develop the information sphere, which means that the authorities must improve the relevant areas of national legislation and develop and implement large-scale state strategies, projects, programs, and other activities, in particular, in the field of electronic justice. New approaches are needed to solve problems in the field of justice, and the use of technology can help overcome these barriers through intervention. The purpose of this work is to study the use of digital technologies in the judicial systems of European and American countries in order to assess the advantages and disadvantages of such use as well as the possibilities of introducing the latest digital technologies into the judicial system. The article uses general scientific methods of analysis, methods of private law, in particular legal and comparative law, as well as special-structural and special-statistical research methods, axiological methods, hermeneutic methods, forecasting methods, historicism, and general philosophical methods. As a result, the issue of the possibility of achieving algorithmic justice and positions of non-discrimination in the judicial process was analyzed, as well as the need for a careful and balanced approach to various aspects of the justice system. The practical significance is that all countries should now use digital technologies instead of traditional paper communication to ensure better access to justice for companies, organizations, and other litigants. Abstrak: Pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam peradilan menjadi topik yang semakin relevan di negara-negara Eropa dan Amerika Serikat, karena telah muncul realitas baru di dunia yang mengharuskan pemerintah untuk mengembangkan bidang informasi secara sistematis, yang berarti otoritas harus meningkatkan bidang legislasi nasional yang relevan dan mengembangkan serta menerapkan strategi, proyek, program, dan kegiatan negara skala besar lainnya, khususnya, di bidang keadilan elektronik. Pendekatan baru diperlukan untuk memecahkan masalah di bidang peradilan, dan penggunaan teknologi dapat membantu mengatasi hambatan tersebut melalui intervensi. Tujuan dari pekerjaan ini adalah untuk mempelajari penggunaan teknologi digital dalam sistem peradilan negara-negara Eropa dan Amerika untuk menilai keuntungan dan kerugian dari penggunaan tersebut, serta menganalisis kemungkinan memperkenalkan teknologi digital terbaru ke dalam peradilan. sistem. Artikel ini menggunakan metode analisis ilmiah umum, metode hukum perdata, khususnya hukum hukum dan komparatif, serta metode penelitian khusus-struktural dan khusus-statistik, metode aksiologis, metode hermeneutik, metode peramalan, historisisme, dan metode filosofis umum. Akibatnya, masalah kemungkinan mencapai keadilan algoritmik dan posisi non-
{"title":"USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN SOME COUNTRIES OF EUROPE AND THE USA","authors":"Andrii Shabalin, Olena Shtefan, Liliia Andrushchenko, V. Olefir","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.218","url":null,"abstract":"The use of digital technologies in the judiciary is becoming an increasingly relevant topic in the countries of Europe and the USA because a new reality has emerged in the world that requires governments to systematically develop the information sphere, which means that the authorities must improve the relevant areas of national legislation and develop and implement large-scale state strategies, projects, programs, and other activities, in particular, in the field of electronic justice. New approaches are needed to solve problems in the field of justice, and the use of technology can help overcome these barriers through intervention. The purpose of this work is to study the use of digital technologies in the judicial systems of European and American countries in order to assess the advantages and disadvantages of such use as well as the possibilities of introducing the latest digital technologies into the judicial system. The article uses general scientific methods of analysis, methods of private law, in particular legal and comparative law, as well as special-structural and special-statistical research methods, axiological methods, hermeneutic methods, forecasting methods, historicism, and general philosophical methods. As a result, the issue of the possibility of achieving algorithmic justice and positions of non-discrimination in the judicial process was analyzed, as well as the need for a careful and balanced approach to various aspects of the justice system. The practical significance is that all countries should now use digital technologies instead of traditional paper communication to ensure better access to justice for companies, organizations, and other litigants. \u0000Abstrak: Pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam peradilan menjadi topik yang semakin relevan di negara-negara Eropa dan Amerika Serikat, karena telah muncul realitas baru di dunia yang mengharuskan pemerintah untuk mengembangkan bidang informasi secara sistematis, yang berarti otoritas harus meningkatkan bidang legislasi nasional yang relevan dan mengembangkan serta menerapkan strategi, proyek, program, dan kegiatan negara skala besar lainnya, khususnya, di bidang keadilan elektronik. Pendekatan baru diperlukan untuk memecahkan masalah di bidang peradilan, dan penggunaan teknologi dapat membantu mengatasi hambatan tersebut melalui intervensi. Tujuan dari pekerjaan ini adalah untuk mempelajari penggunaan teknologi digital dalam sistem peradilan negara-negara Eropa dan Amerika untuk menilai keuntungan dan kerugian dari penggunaan tersebut, serta menganalisis kemungkinan memperkenalkan teknologi digital terbaru ke dalam peradilan. sistem. Artikel ini menggunakan metode analisis ilmiah umum, metode hukum perdata, khususnya hukum hukum dan komparatif, serta metode penelitian khusus-struktural dan khusus-statistik, metode aksiologis, metode hermeneutik, metode peramalan, historisisme, dan metode filosofis umum. Akibatnya, masalah kemungkinan mencapai keadilan algoritmik dan posisi non-","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.242
Dyah Ochtorina Susanti, Aan Efendi, Auliya Safira Putri
The relocation of Indonesia’s National Capital from Jakarta to Nusantara, East Kalimantan requires a significant investment in the development process, which will be carried out in stages from 2022 to 2045. Sharia crowdfunding is an alternative financing that can be used as a source of funds in the development of the Capital City A new country, so the formulation of the problem in this study examines whether the urgency of Islamic crowdfunding as an alternative to financing the new National Capital. The research method used is normative juridical with two approaches, namely the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the urgency of sharia crowdfunding as an alternative to financing the National Capital can be seen from two things, namely: first, based on the theory of utilitarianism that sharia crowdfunding can provide good benefits for every individual who invests in this project through a sharia contract with a sharing system results, as well as benefits for common welfare in the context of supporting the development of the new National Capital. Second, in order to maintain assets (hifz al-mal) where through sharia crowdfunding the public can invest to help finance the new State Capital by accessing financing that is in accordance with sharia principles, such as the prohibition of usury (interest), speculation, and illicit activities other.
{"title":"THE URGENCY OF SHARIA CROWDFUNDING AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUNDING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NUSANTARA'S CAPITAL CITY","authors":"Dyah Ochtorina Susanti, Aan Efendi, Auliya Safira Putri","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.242","url":null,"abstract":"The relocation of Indonesia’s National Capital from Jakarta to Nusantara, East Kalimantan requires a significant investment in the development process, which will be carried out in stages from 2022 to 2045. Sharia crowdfunding is an alternative financing that can be used as a source of funds in the development of the Capital City A new country, so the formulation of the problem in this study examines whether the urgency of Islamic crowdfunding as an alternative to financing the new National Capital. The research method used is normative juridical with two approaches, namely the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the urgency of sharia crowdfunding as an alternative to financing the National Capital can be seen from two things, namely: first, based on the theory of utilitarianism that sharia crowdfunding can provide good benefits for every individual who invests in this project through a sharia contract with a sharing system results, as well as benefits for common welfare in the context of supporting the development of the new National Capital. Second, in order to maintain assets (hifz al-mal) where through sharia crowdfunding the public can invest to help finance the new State Capital by accessing financing that is in accordance with sharia principles, such as the prohibition of usury (interest), speculation, and illicit activities other.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.22373/petita.v9i1.239
Rahman Syamsuddin, Andi Annisa A. Patra, Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady, Muhammad Nur, Hasdiwanti
This research aims to explore the influence of the family affects the behavior of children who carry out acts of terror and what efforts can be made to prevent children from becoming perpetrators caused by family factors in Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia. The research methods used is empirical research using a phenomenological approach. The results of this study indicate that the main factor in criminal behavior and causes of crimes committed by children is the dysfunction of parent roles in terms of supervising and guiding their children, accompanied by an inharmonious relationship between parents and children. For example, when parents are too busy working, they tend to have less communication with their children, so children spend more time outside the home and choose the wrong social environment. In addition, factors such as a lack of children's education and people who do not care about the surrounding environment can also be causes of child crime. Actions that must be taken to overcome the form of arc terror crimes committed by children lie in the ways of educating children, which are implemented by families, parents, and the community, such as religious leaders and community leaders.
{"title":"The THE FAMILY IMPACTS ON THE CHILDREN AS PERPETRATORS OF ARC TERROR: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA","authors":"Rahman Syamsuddin, Andi Annisa A. Patra, Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady, Muhammad Nur, Hasdiwanti","doi":"10.22373/petita.v9i1.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.239","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to explore the influence of the family affects the behavior of children who carry out acts of terror and what efforts can be made to prevent children from becoming perpetrators caused by family factors in Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia. The research methods used is empirical research using a phenomenological approach. The results of this study indicate that the main factor in criminal behavior and causes of crimes committed by children is the dysfunction of parent roles in terms of supervising and guiding their children, accompanied by an inharmonious relationship between parents and children. For example, when parents are too busy working, they tend to have less communication with their children, so children spend more time outside the home and choose the wrong social environment. In addition, factors such as a lack of children's education and people who do not care about the surrounding environment can also be causes of child crime. Actions that must be taken to overcome the form of arc terror crimes committed by children lie in the ways of educating children, which are implemented by families, parents, and the community, such as religious leaders and community leaders.","PeriodicalId":231408,"journal":{"name":"PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH","volume":"84 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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