Invasions of alien species have become a global problem worldwide. Our paper presents the results of the study of the chorology of the invasive species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. within the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (RBFSU). We identified 13 new growth areas in the study area. These studies cover the observation and recording of the phenological behaviour of this species during 2020-2021. Although phenological observations are mainly carried out on cultivated plants, the data obtained as a result of the study is an important resource for preparing an invasive species control plan. Based on the indicators of temperature fluctuations, drought tolerance, light tolerance, relation to soil fertility, reproduction and shoot regeneration of A. artemisiifolia, a scoring method was proposed using the coefficient of complex adaptive potential (CCAP). However, our work is a pioneering study aimed at counteracting the spread of alien plants.
{"title":"Complex assessment of the adaptation potential of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"Vladyslav PARAKHNENKO, Volodimir VİTENKO, Inna DİDENKO, Sergiy KOVAL, Vitalii CHERNYSH","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1188477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1188477","url":null,"abstract":"Invasions of alien species have become a global problem worldwide. Our paper presents the results of the study of the chorology of the invasive species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. within the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (RBFSU). We identified 13 new growth areas in the study area. These studies cover the observation and recording of the phenological behaviour of this species during 2020-2021. Although phenological observations are mainly carried out on cultivated plants, the data obtained as a result of the study is an important resource for preparing an invasive species control plan. Based on the indicators of temperature fluctuations, drought tolerance, light tolerance, relation to soil fertility, reproduction and shoot regeneration of A. artemisiifolia, a scoring method was proposed using the coefficient of complex adaptive potential (CCAP). However, our work is a pioneering study aimed at counteracting the spread of alien plants.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1276562
Dilvin Ipek
Bu çalışma, süt ürünleri proses hatlarından izole edilen hem gram (-) hem de (+) biyofilm üreticisi bakterilerin QS sinyallerini göstermeyi amaçlamıştır. QS sinyallerinin profilini ve kimyasal bileşimini tanımlanması, mikrobiyal direnç gelişimi ve biyofilm oluşumunun kontrolü için önemli bir faktördür. Özellikle gram (+) ve (-) izolatların olağan dışı davranışlarına odaklanılmıştır. İzolatların uzun zincirli AHL sinyalleri (C14-HSL, C16-HSL ve C18-HSL) ve DFD (4,5-dihidroksi-2,3-pentanedion)-AI-2 sinyalleri HPLC ve LC-MSMS yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tüm gram (+) izolatların olağandışı olarak AHL üreticisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. – Biyosensör ve HPLC yöntemleri ile AHL üreticisi olmadığı tespit edilen gram (-) bakteriler, LC-MSMS yöntemi ile AHL üreticileri olarak tanımlandı. Gr(+) izolatlar tarafından üretilen DFD sinyali, gram (-) izolatlardan Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter cloacae ve Klebsiella oxytoca'da tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, QS sisteminin karmaşık bir sistem olduğunu ve biyosensör mikroorganizmaların QS-sinyal tanımlaması için en iyi yöntem olmayabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, biyofilm oluşumunu azaltmak ve direnç kazanımını önlemek için bu iletişimleri tamamen kesmek adına QS sinyallerinin profilini ve kimyasal bileşimini tanımlama konusunda önemli bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, gram (+)-biyofilm üreticisi izolatların uzun zincirli AHL sinyali üretimini LC-MSMS yöntemi ile tespitinin ilk rapordur.
{"title":"Quorum Sensing Signals Evaluation of Strong Biofilm Producer Bacteria via LC-MSMS, HPLC and Biosensors","authors":"Dilvin Ipek","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1276562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1276562","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma, süt ürünleri proses hatlarından izole edilen hem gram (-) hem de (+) biyofilm üreticisi bakterilerin QS sinyallerini göstermeyi amaçlamıştır. QS sinyallerinin profilini ve kimyasal bileşimini tanımlanması, mikrobiyal direnç gelişimi ve biyofilm oluşumunun kontrolü için önemli bir faktördür. Özellikle gram (+) ve (-) izolatların olağan dışı davranışlarına odaklanılmıştır. İzolatların uzun zincirli AHL sinyalleri (C14-HSL, C16-HSL ve C18-HSL) ve DFD (4,5-dihidroksi-2,3-pentanedion)-AI-2 sinyalleri HPLC ve LC-MSMS yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tüm gram (+) izolatların olağandışı olarak AHL üreticisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. – Biyosensör ve HPLC yöntemleri ile AHL üreticisi olmadığı tespit edilen gram (-) bakteriler, LC-MSMS yöntemi ile AHL üreticileri olarak tanımlandı. Gr(+) izolatlar tarafından üretilen DFD sinyali, gram (-) izolatlardan Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter cloacae ve Klebsiella oxytoca'da tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, QS sisteminin karmaşık bir sistem olduğunu ve biyosensör mikroorganizmaların QS-sinyal tanımlaması için en iyi yöntem olmayabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, biyofilm oluşumunu azaltmak ve direnç kazanımını önlemek için bu iletişimleri tamamen kesmek adına QS sinyallerinin profilini ve kimyasal bileşimini tanımlama konusunda önemli bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, gram (+)-biyofilm üreticisi izolatların uzun zincirli AHL sinyali üretimini LC-MSMS yöntemi ile tespitinin ilk rapordur.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89467512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1246847
S. Rogovskiy, L. Ishchuk, H. Ishchuk
The research on the dendroflora of Chornobyl town 30 years after the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant reveal that the taxonomic composition of the town green spaces comprises of 87 species and 8 decorative forms of 29 families, 26 orders, 2 divisions. The composition of plantations is dominated by trees (63%), bushes (30%) and vines (7%). Despite the natural succession processes over the past 30 years, the plantations of Chornobyl are dominated by introducers, which make up 57% of the total number of taxa. The study of test areas reveals successional changes in the abandoned phytocoenoses of the town, which led to the expansion of the alien invasive species Acer negundo L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Fraxinus pennsylvanica L. and Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. The spread of alien invasive species is facilitated by droughts of long periods and the decrease in groundwater level. Climate change and the lack of proper agrotechnical care result in fungal diseases, damages caused by the semi-parasitic species Viscum album L. on decorative and fruit trees and bushes, both also leading to their expel from the town plantations.
{"title":"CHORNOBYL’S CURRENT DENDROFLORA: ANALYSIS OF NATURAL SUCCESSIONS IN THE ABANDONED URBAN PHYTOCOENOSES","authors":"S. Rogovskiy, L. Ishchuk, H. Ishchuk","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1246847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1246847","url":null,"abstract":"The research on the dendroflora of Chornobyl town 30 years after the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant reveal that the taxonomic composition of the town green spaces comprises of 87 species and 8 decorative forms of 29 families, 26 orders, 2 divisions. The composition of plantations is dominated by trees (63%), bushes (30%) and vines (7%). Despite the natural succession processes over the past 30 years, the plantations of Chornobyl are dominated by introducers, which make up 57% of the total number of taxa. The study of test areas reveals successional changes in the abandoned phytocoenoses of the town, which led to the expansion of the alien invasive species Acer negundo L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Fraxinus pennsylvanica L. and Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. The spread of alien invasive species is facilitated by droughts of long periods and the decrease in groundwater level. Climate change and the lack of proper agrotechnical care result in fungal diseases, damages caused by the semi-parasitic species Viscum album L. on decorative and fruit trees and bushes, both also leading to their expel from the town plantations.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77707986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1252980
A. Yilmaz
This study was performed in order to determine the phylogenetic relationships in the genus Potentilla and to assess the importance of the trnL/trnF IGS region. The selection of DNA barcoding region to provide for more effective, accurate and consistent results in the analysis is one of the most important points in successful of the study. It can be stated as a result of this study that trnL/trnF IGS region has the convenient sequence length for barcoding region, also it is proposed the using of this region with which has high variable and parsimony informative sites observed in 133 and 91 nucleotides, respectively. When the probabilities of substitutions from one base to another base for trnL/trnF IGS region were examined, it was assigned that the rate of transitional substitutions with 57.13 % is higher than the transversional substitutions. MP dendrogram which was drawn to evaluate the taxonomy of the genus Potentilla and phylogenetic relationships among taxa separated the taxa examined in six groups as Fragarioides, Reptans, Anserina, Alba, Himalayan and Argentea. Phylogenetic relationships within the Argentea clade represented by the highest species number in this study was observed as quite confused in comparison to other clades. As a result, it can be stated that many evolutionary mechanisms have effects on the genus and in order to get the most accurate results firstly it is necessary to determine the regions giving the best results, then to use these regions determined together with as many taxa as possible.
{"title":"THE IMPORTANCE OF trnL/trnF IGS REGION IN THE TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS POTENTILLA L.","authors":"A. Yilmaz","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1252980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1252980","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed in order to determine the phylogenetic relationships in the genus Potentilla and to assess the importance of the trnL/trnF IGS region. The selection of DNA barcoding region to provide for more effective, accurate and consistent results in the analysis is one of the most important points in successful of the study. It can be stated as a result of this study that trnL/trnF IGS region has the convenient sequence length for barcoding region, also it is proposed the using of this region with which has high variable and parsimony informative sites observed in 133 and 91 nucleotides, respectively. When the probabilities of substitutions from one base to another base for trnL/trnF IGS region were examined, it was assigned that the rate of transitional substitutions with 57.13 % is higher than the transversional substitutions. MP dendrogram which was drawn to evaluate the taxonomy of the genus Potentilla and phylogenetic relationships among taxa separated the taxa examined in six groups as Fragarioides, Reptans, Anserina, Alba, Himalayan and Argentea. Phylogenetic relationships within the Argentea clade represented by the highest species number in this study was observed as quite confused in comparison to other clades. As a result, it can be stated that many evolutionary mechanisms have effects on the genus and in order to get the most accurate results firstly it is necessary to determine the regions giving the best results, then to use these regions determined together with as many taxa as possible.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83188484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1191873
Gammaherpesviruses are associated with multiple types of tumour development and understanding the pathogenesis of these viruses has been the subject of many different studies. Throughout the lytic and latent life cycle, these viruses utilize numerous virally encoded miRNAs to regulate the key mechanisms of the infected cell in their favour. Therefore it is important to understand the miRNA and their mRNA target interactions for developing better therapeutics. In this study, the strategy and design of a short hairpin encoding RNA element targeting Blimp1 transcript in the context of viral infection is evaluated. This proof of principle experiment provides a mean to study important miRNA mRNA interactions in vivo. The very short promoter size of the Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) vtRNA4 and its ability to generate two shRNAs from a ~180 nucleotide sequence is useful if there is a size limit for the shRNA construct.
{"title":"Design and generation of a mutant gammaherpesvirus encoding shRNA from its native viral tRNA promoter","authors":"","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1191873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1191873","url":null,"abstract":"Gammaherpesviruses are associated with multiple types of tumour development and understanding the pathogenesis of these viruses has been the subject of many different studies. Throughout the lytic and latent life cycle, these viruses utilize numerous virally encoded miRNAs to regulate the key mechanisms of the infected cell in their favour. Therefore it is important to understand the miRNA and their mRNA target interactions for developing better therapeutics. In this study, the strategy and design of a short hairpin encoding RNA element targeting Blimp1 transcript in the context of viral infection is evaluated. This proof of principle experiment provides a mean to study important miRNA mRNA interactions in vivo. The very short promoter size of the Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) vtRNA4 and its ability to generate two shRNAs from a ~180 nucleotide sequence is useful if there is a size limit for the shRNA construct.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"65 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72508250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1211654
S. Şener, Ş. Kanbolat, Nevin ULAŞ ÇOLAK, M. Badem, R. Aliyazicioglu, U. Özgen, A. Kandemir
Obesity, defined as new world syndrome, is an epidemic that causes global health problems and big economic losses. Natural products have been gain increasing importance for the epidemic because of their antiobesity potency. Jurinea genus comprised approximately 200 species worldwide and has been used as a therapeutic agent for colic, fever, gout, and rheumatism, traditionally. The aim of this study was to analyze the volatile components, to determine its phenolic compounds and to evaluate its antiobesity potentcy of Jurinea brevicaulis BOISS. A widespread method based on solid-phase microextraction technique (SPME) was employed for GC-MS analysis of volatile components of J. brevicaulis. Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds of J. brevicaulis was performed using RP-HPLC. To evaluate the antiobesity effect, the inhibitory effects of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase of the species were determined. A total of 19 volatile components were specified and o-cymene (10.60 %), β-Bisabolene (9.30 %), and sesquicineole (57.5 %) for different terpenes were described as major components. According to HPLC analysis, sinapic acid, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin were determined for the species. IC50 value of the species was determined as 36.59 ± 2.37 μg/mL and 42.56 ± 2.83 μg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase assays, respectively. IC50 value was found 50.31 ± 3.75 μg/mL, according to lipase inhibition studies. Considering all the findings, it has been determined that the species is included diverse volatile components, antiobesity effective three phenolic compounds, and showed promising antiobesity potential so J. brevicaulis may be the up-and-coming candidate of natural product for obesity.
{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOBESITY PROPERTIES OF ENDEMIC Jurinea brevicaulis Boiss.","authors":"S. Şener, Ş. Kanbolat, Nevin ULAŞ ÇOLAK, M. Badem, R. Aliyazicioglu, U. Özgen, A. Kandemir","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1211654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1211654","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity, defined as new world syndrome, is an epidemic that causes global health problems and big economic losses. Natural products have been gain increasing importance for the epidemic because of their antiobesity potency. Jurinea genus comprised approximately 200 species worldwide and has been used as a therapeutic agent for colic, fever, gout, and rheumatism, traditionally. The aim of this study was to analyze the volatile components, to determine its phenolic compounds and to evaluate its antiobesity potentcy of Jurinea brevicaulis BOISS. A widespread method based on solid-phase microextraction technique (SPME) was employed for GC-MS analysis of volatile components of J. brevicaulis. Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds of J. brevicaulis was performed using RP-HPLC. To evaluate the antiobesity effect, the inhibitory effects of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase of the species were determined. A total of 19 volatile components were specified and o-cymene (10.60 %), β-Bisabolene (9.30 %), and sesquicineole (57.5 %) for different terpenes were described as major components. According to HPLC analysis, sinapic acid, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin were determined for the species. IC50 value of the species was determined as 36.59 ± 2.37 μg/mL and 42.56 ± 2.83 μg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase assays, respectively. IC50 value was found 50.31 ± 3.75 μg/mL, according to lipase inhibition studies. Considering all the findings, it has been determined that the species is included diverse volatile components, antiobesity effective three phenolic compounds, and showed promising antiobesity potential so J. brevicaulis may be the up-and-coming candidate of natural product for obesity.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83663235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1190972
E. Irdem, S. İlhan, Ercan Özbi̇çen, Lira USAKBEK KYZY, Gamze Tunca, Esma Ocak, Niyazi Can Zorluer, Ugur Cigdem, Fatma Ayva, Rasime Demirel
Haloalkalitolerant fungi can grow at environments had high salt concentrations and pH values. The bioactive compounds produced under stressful conditions have potential biotechnological applications. In this study, 52 microfungi isolated from Acıgöl Lake/Turkey, offering polyextreme conditions, were screened for some biotechnological properties. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were determined using the agar diffusion and the DPPH radical scavenging method, respectively. Starch-iodine method, tributyrin plate assay, skim milk plate assay, carboxymethyl cellulose plate method were used for determining amylolytic, lipolytic, proteolytic and cellulolytic activity, respectively. Synthesis of silver nanoparticle was carried out using cell-free filtrate of microfungi. As a result, 40% of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity against at least one of the test microorganisms. Penicillium dipodomyicola showed the highest antibacterial activity against Gram positive and negative test bacteria, while P. brevicompactum showed the highest activity against Candida albicans. P. dipodomyicola and P. bilaiae were found to have free radical scavenging activity of a level (90% and above) that can compete with positive control. All of the isolates with amylase activity belonged to Aspergillus and Penicillium genera and the most prominent three of them were A. ochraceous, P. brevicompactum and A. flavus. While 55% of the isolates showed proteolytic activity, A. alliaceus had the highest activity. Almost all the isolates (92%) showed lipolytic activity. It was determined that especially the isolates of A. amstelodami, P. sizovae and P. solitum had a significant level of lipolytic activity. 35% of the isolates showed cellulolytic activity and in isolates of Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides, P. dipodomyicola and P. bilaiae were observed high activity. Eight of the isolates carried out AgNP synthesis within 24 h. When all the results were evaluated, it was determined that the isolates such as Aspergillus amstelodami, A. ochraceus, Penicillium dipodomyicola, and P. brevicompactum, have the potential to serve in different industrial areas.
{"title":"BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM ACIGÖL/TURKEY","authors":"E. Irdem, S. İlhan, Ercan Özbi̇çen, Lira USAKBEK KYZY, Gamze Tunca, Esma Ocak, Niyazi Can Zorluer, Ugur Cigdem, Fatma Ayva, Rasime Demirel","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1190972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1190972","url":null,"abstract":"Haloalkalitolerant fungi can grow at environments had high salt concentrations and pH values. The bioactive compounds produced under stressful conditions have potential biotechnological applications. In this study, 52 microfungi isolated from Acıgöl Lake/Turkey, offering polyextreme conditions, were screened for some biotechnological properties. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were determined using the agar diffusion and the DPPH radical scavenging method, respectively. Starch-iodine method, tributyrin plate assay, skim milk plate assay, carboxymethyl cellulose plate method were used for determining amylolytic, lipolytic, proteolytic and cellulolytic activity, respectively. Synthesis of silver nanoparticle was carried out using cell-free filtrate of microfungi. As a result, 40% of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity against at least one of the test microorganisms. Penicillium dipodomyicola showed the highest antibacterial activity against Gram positive and negative test bacteria, while P. brevicompactum showed the highest activity against Candida albicans. P. dipodomyicola and P. bilaiae were found to have free radical scavenging activity of a level (90% and above) that can compete with positive control. All of the isolates with amylase activity belonged to Aspergillus and Penicillium genera and the most prominent three of them were A. ochraceous, P. brevicompactum and A. flavus. While 55% of the isolates showed proteolytic activity, A. alliaceus had the highest activity. Almost all the isolates (92%) showed lipolytic activity. It was determined that especially the isolates of A. amstelodami, P. sizovae and P. solitum had a significant level of lipolytic activity. 35% of the isolates showed cellulolytic activity and in isolates of Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides, P. dipodomyicola and P. bilaiae were observed high activity. Eight of the isolates carried out AgNP synthesis within 24 h. When all the results were evaluated, it was determined that the isolates such as Aspergillus amstelodami, A. ochraceus, Penicillium dipodomyicola, and P. brevicompactum, have the potential to serve in different industrial areas.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83301556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1211393
Nida Sohai̇l, Yousra Sarfaraz, Ammara Rafique
To the Editor, Pakistan has experienced agricultural disasters since May 2022 as a result of rainfall-related flooding and waterlogging. The record rainfall rate witnessed in Pakistan was disastrous and marked considerable damage to crop production in the country. Being an agricultural country around 40% of the labor force relies on agriculture for employment, while the sector represents about a fifth of the economy1. The extremities of wild weather are not emancipating the country. At first, Pakistan was dealing with the heat-waves crisis and then floods. Pakistan is the 5th largest cotton producer, accounting for 5% of global output. The damage after flooding further shrinks the world’s cotton supply, prompting the agricultural sector into turmoil. Around 45% of the country’s cropland has already been deluged; vegetables and cotton crop have been wiped out completely. These are not the sole effects; flooding also creates complex abiotic stress in crops, including oxygen depletion, altered chemical characteristics of soil and reduced light availability2. The combination of all these physical and chemical changes will substantially reduce the crop’s development, growth and yield3. Food price inflation in August 2022, was highest since May 1975, and is expected to surge by another 30% due the deadly flood. The cost of edibles has increased significantly, with potatoes’ cost hiking four times, tomato’s prices surging fivefold and Ghee (a fat used for cooking) soared to 400% while onions tripled since last month. To reduce inflation steps are being taken, vegetables and other items are imported from Afghanistan and Iran. So far, more than 727,000 cattle have died, leading to a shortage of meat, milk and other dairy products. Express Tribune reported that the loss of livestock has impacted livelihood in a country where almost 8 million rural families raise cattle and their previously estimated 35-40% income came from livestock4. Climate catastrophes are readily increasing every year, with every natural disaster breaking previous records of storms, floods, drought, wildfires and earthquakes. It is vital that as a global community, we begin to address the way we treat our planet5. Our efforts must focus on building a more sustainable and green future. However, the effects of climate change will continue over the coming years, and we must learn to prepare and mitigate these disasters. Working together, responding as a community can help us build resilience and ensure that no one is left behind. We suggest that Pakistan’s will need to import more food in order to make up for lower domestic yields. Meanwhile, countries that typically depend on Pakistan's exports, like as those that export cotton and rice will need to find alternate suppliers, which will put extra pressure on the world's supply of resources. We must improve water resource management and increase agricultural productivity to enhance food security and build resilience against climate ris
{"title":"Pakistan Floods: An Insight into Agriculture and Food Supply","authors":"Nida Sohai̇l, Yousra Sarfaraz, Ammara Rafique","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1211393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1211393","url":null,"abstract":"To the Editor, \u0000Pakistan has experienced agricultural disasters since May 2022 as a result of rainfall-related flooding and waterlogging. The record rainfall rate witnessed in Pakistan was disastrous and marked considerable damage to crop production in the country. Being an agricultural country around 40% of the labor force relies on agriculture for employment, while the sector represents about a fifth of the economy1. \u0000The extremities of wild weather are not emancipating the country. At first, Pakistan was dealing with the heat-waves crisis and then floods. Pakistan is the 5th largest cotton producer, accounting for 5% of global output. The damage after flooding further shrinks the world’s cotton supply, prompting the agricultural sector into turmoil. Around 45% of the country’s cropland has already been deluged; vegetables and cotton crop have been wiped out completely. These are not the sole effects; flooding also creates complex abiotic stress in crops, including oxygen depletion, altered chemical characteristics of soil and reduced light availability2. The combination of all these physical and chemical changes will substantially reduce the crop’s development, growth and yield3. \u0000Food price inflation in August 2022, was highest since May 1975, and is expected to surge by another 30% due the deadly flood. The cost of edibles has increased significantly, with potatoes’ cost hiking four times, tomato’s prices surging fivefold and Ghee (a fat used for cooking) soared to 400% while onions tripled since last month. To reduce inflation steps are being taken, vegetables and other items are imported from Afghanistan and Iran. So far, more than 727,000 cattle have died, leading to a shortage of meat, milk and other dairy products. Express Tribune reported that the loss of livestock has impacted livelihood in a country where almost 8 million rural families raise cattle and their previously estimated 35-40% income came from livestock4. \u0000Climate catastrophes are readily increasing every year, with every natural disaster breaking previous records of storms, floods, drought, wildfires and earthquakes. It is vital that as a global community, we begin to address the way we treat our planet5. Our efforts must focus on building a more sustainable and green future. However, the effects of climate change will continue over the coming years, and we must learn to prepare and mitigate these disasters. Working together, responding as a community can help us build resilience and ensure that no one is left behind. We suggest that Pakistan’s will need to import more food in order to make up for lower domestic yields. Meanwhile, countries that typically depend on Pakistan's exports, like as those that export cotton and rice will need to find alternate suppliers, which will put extra pressure on the world's supply of resources. We must improve water resource management and increase agricultural productivity to enhance food security and build resilience against climate ris","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73873947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1171052
Musa Tartik
Although genetic material is vertically transferred between the generations via sexual or asexual reproduction, the huge similarities in some chromosome and gene parts of unrelated organisms provide important clues to another way of transfer. The mobility of genetic information among different organisms, known as HGT has immediate or delayed effects on the recipient host. One of the most notable mechanisms of HGT is NT, a process in which cells take free DNA from the extracellular environment and incorporate it into their chromosomes by homologous recombination. NT is widely conserved in many bacterial species as it can promote to spread of resistance genes. Although it is known that many organisms carry out HGT, there is limited information about how organisms decide to a particular genetic material horizontally transferred. Here, we have investigated the preference priority among different gene sources presented under certain stress conditions for B. subtilis possessing NT ability. To test this, two DNA specimens (E and C) with different sequence contents of the same length were presented to B. subtilis under different stress environments (BK, BC, BE and BCE). The hypothesis was evaluated according to the analysis results of the colonies formed on the selective plates (pE, pC and pCE). All the data have presented a strong positive correlation that the bacteria have preference priority during NT depending on a stimulator. The tendency of the bacteria to uptake useful DNA fragments in a specific environment can be suggested, for example, the majority of colonies grow on pE plates rather than the pC and pCE when the transformation media includes Eryt as an inducer. Although the data significantly overlaps with the idea claiming that the bacteria have a preference priority to uptake free DNAs during the NT, further investigations are needed to support the data strongly and understand the phenomenon properly.
{"title":"The preference priority of Bacillus subtilis in uptaking free DNA during the natural transformation","authors":"Musa Tartik","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1171052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1171052","url":null,"abstract":"Although genetic material is vertically transferred between the generations via sexual or asexual reproduction, the huge similarities in some chromosome and gene parts of unrelated organisms provide important clues to another way of transfer. The mobility of genetic information among different organisms, known as HGT has immediate or delayed effects on the recipient host. One of the most notable mechanisms of HGT is NT, a process in which cells take free DNA from the extracellular environment and incorporate it into their chromosomes by homologous recombination. NT is widely conserved in many bacterial species as it can promote to spread of resistance genes. Although it is known that many organisms carry out HGT, there is limited information about how organisms decide to a particular genetic material horizontally transferred. \u0000Here, we have investigated the preference priority among different gene sources presented under certain stress conditions for B. subtilis possessing NT ability. To test this, two DNA specimens (E and C) with different sequence contents of the same length were presented to B. subtilis under different stress environments (BK, BC, BE and BCE). The hypothesis was evaluated according to the analysis results of the colonies formed on the selective plates (pE, pC and pCE). \u0000All the data have presented a strong positive correlation that the bacteria have preference priority during NT depending on a stimulator. The tendency of the bacteria to uptake useful DNA fragments in a specific environment can be suggested, for example, the majority of colonies grow on pE plates rather than the pC and pCE when the transformation media includes Eryt as an inducer. Although the data significantly overlaps with the idea claiming that the bacteria have a preference priority to uptake free DNAs during the NT, further investigations are needed to support the data strongly and understand the phenomenon properly.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76982588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.1135237
Caner Geyik, Zinar Pınar Gümüş, G. Yararbas, Y. Saǧ
Electronic cigarettes have become popular worldwide in recent years despite the effects on health yet to be known. The lack of regulations brings a problem of inconsistency between ingredients and the product label. We aimed to analyse the contents of widely used e-liquids and their effects on two different cell lines. Eleven e-liquid samples were selected according to their availability and popularity. Nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerine, and volatile compounds in e-liquids were analysed by HPLC and GC. MTT cell viability assay was used to determine the effects of e-liquids on Transformed human normal liver epithelial cell line (THLE-2) and human pharyngeal carcinoma cell line (Detroit 562). Nicotine amounts were found to be consistent with product labels. PG and GLY were not only different between brands but also for products within the same brand. THLE-2 cell viability was inversely correlated with e-liquid concentration. However, decreases in cell viability were not correlated with nicotine amount. Interestingly, effects of several samples on Detroit 562 cells were triphasic; decrease in viability at lower doses, cell survival in mid-concentrations and loss of viability in highest doses. The analytical composition of e-liquids differs greatly among products which corresponds to different cellular effects. Viability of cancer cells does not change in a dose-dependent manner might suggest the cellular differences play role in the outcome of these products.
{"title":"Composition analysis of e-liquids and their effects on healthy liver and pharyngeal carcinoma cell lines","authors":"Caner Geyik, Zinar Pınar Gümüş, G. Yararbas, Y. Saǧ","doi":"10.23902/trkjnat.1135237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1135237","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic cigarettes have become popular worldwide in recent years despite the effects on health yet to be known. The lack of regulations brings a problem of inconsistency between ingredients and the product label. We aimed to analyse the contents of widely used e-liquids and their effects on two different cell lines. Eleven e-liquid samples were selected according to their availability and popularity. Nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerine, and volatile compounds in e-liquids were analysed by HPLC and GC. MTT cell viability assay was used to determine the effects of e-liquids on Transformed human normal liver epithelial cell line (THLE-2) and human pharyngeal carcinoma cell line (Detroit 562). Nicotine amounts were found to be consistent with product labels. PG and GLY were not only different between brands but also for products within the same brand. THLE-2 cell viability was inversely correlated with e-liquid concentration. However, decreases in cell viability were not correlated with nicotine amount. Interestingly, effects of several samples on Detroit 562 cells were triphasic; decrease in viability at lower doses, cell survival in mid-concentrations and loss of viability in highest doses. The analytical composition of e-liquids differs greatly among products which corresponds to different cellular effects. Viability of cancer cells does not change in a dose-dependent manner might suggest the cellular differences play role in the outcome of these products.","PeriodicalId":23163,"journal":{"name":"Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90578577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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