Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China最新文献

英文中文

Effects of electroshock treatment on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy 电休克处理对Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V合金组织演变及力学性能的影响

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66955-X

Jian ZHOU , Yu-peng YAO , Hong-xin SUN , Chang LIU , Yan WEN , Li-qiang WANG , Lai-chang ZHANG , Le-chun XIE , Lin HUA

The effect mechanism of electroshock treatment (EST) on microstructure evolution and mechanical property variations of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy was investigated. The results show that EST results in the phase transformation from the acicular secondary α_s to β phase. While the EST time is 0.12 s, the acicular martensitic phase (α_M) precipitates. The results of electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) reveals that the average grain size decreases from 3.95 to 2.53 μm after EST, indicating that the grains are refined, and the significant recrystallization behavior and martensitic transformation occur. The orientation distribution reveals a more uniform distribution of texture, which is caused by the variation of crystal orientation after the phase transformation. The compression fracture behavior of materials indicates that EST significantly enhances the yield strength while reduces the fracture strain. The improvement of yield strength is mainly attributed to the precipitation of martensitic phase. All results indicate that EST is an effective approach for manipulating the microstructure and optimizing the texture distribution of titanium alloys.

研究了电休克处理（EST）对Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V合金组织演变和力学性能变化的影响机理。结果表明：EST使晶粒由针状次生αs相转变为β相；EST时间为0.12 s时，析出针状马氏体相（αM）。电子背散射衍射（EBSD）结果表明，EST后的晶粒平均尺寸从3.95 μm减小到2.53 μm，晶粒细化，发生了明显的再结晶行为和马氏体相变。取向分布显示织构分布更加均匀，这是相变后晶体取向发生变化所致。材料的压缩断裂行为表明，EST显著提高了材料的屈服强度，同时降低了断裂应变。屈服强度的提高主要是由于马氏体相的析出。结果表明，EST是控制钛合金微观组织和优化织构分布的有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

3D morphological characteristics of shrinkage porosities and their relationship with microstructures in Mg-12Al magnesium alloy Mg-12Al镁合金缩孔率的三维形态特征及其与显微组织的关系

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66951-2

Chuang-ming LI , Ang ZHANG , Yong-feng LI , Heng-rui HU , He LIU , Yu-yang GAO , Zhi-hua DONG , Bin JIANG , Fu-sheng PAN

The dependence of shrinkage porosities on microstructure characteristics of Mg-12Al alloy was investigated. The distribution, morphology, size, and number density of shrinkage porosities were analyzed under different cooling rates. The relationship between shrinkage porosities and microstructure characteristics was discussed in terms of temperature conditions, feeding channel characteristics, and feeding capacity. Further, the feeding behavior of the residual liquid phase in the solid skeleton was quantified by introducing permeability. Results show a strong correlation between the solid microstructure skeleton and shrinkage porosity characteristics. An increase in permeability corresponds to a declining number density of shrinkage porosities. This study aims to provide a more complete understanding how to reduce shrinkage porosities by controlling microstructure characteristics.

研究了缩孔率对Mg-12Al合金微观组织特性的影响。分析了不同冷却速率下缩孔的分布、形态、大小和数量密度。从温度条件、进料通道特性和进料容量等方面讨论了缩孔率与微观组织特性的关系。通过引入渗透率，定量分析了残余液相在固体骨架中的进料行为。结果表明，固体微观结构骨架与收缩孔隙率特征之间存在很强的相关性。渗透率的增加对应于收缩孔隙数密度的下降。本研究旨在为通过控制微观结构特征来降低缩孔率提供更全面的认识。

引用次数: 0

Composite descriptor for screening mechanical properties in high-entropy diborides 筛选高熵二硼化物力学性能的复合描述符

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66959-7

Yong FAN , Jin-feng NIE , Jin WANG , Zhi-gang DING , Wei LIU , Yong-hao ZHAO

The composition-property relationship of 18 quaternary high entropy diborides (HEBs) consisting of boron and IVB, VB and VIB transition metals (TM) was investigated using first-principles calculations. A valence electron concentration-relative electronegativity (VEC-REN) composite descriptor was developed to effectively predict the mechanical properties of HEBs. The results demonstrate that with a fixed VEC, the rise of the REN makes HEBs harder but more brittle when the electronegativity of doped TM atoms is lower than that of boron atoms. However, HEBs become softer and more ductile as REN increases if the doped TM atoms have higher electronegativity than boron atoms. The VEC-REN composite descriptor can accurately classify and predict the mechanical properties of HEBs with different components, which provides important theoretical guidance for the rapid design and development of novel high-entropy ceramic materials.

用第一性原理计算方法研究了硼与IVB、VB和VIB过渡金属（TM）组成的18种四元高熵二硼化物（HEBs）的组成-性质关系。为了有效预测HEBs的力学性能，建立了一个价电子浓度-相对电负性（VEC-REN）复合描述符。结果表明，在VEC固定的情况下，当掺杂TM原子的电负性低于硼原子的电负性时，REN的上升使HEBs更硬，但更脆。然而，如果掺杂的TM原子比硼原子具有更高的电负性，则随着REN的增加，HEBs变得更柔软，更具延展性。VEC-REN复合描述符能够准确分类和预测不同组分的HEBs的力学性能，为新型高熵陶瓷材料的快速设计和开发提供重要的理论指导。

引用次数: 0

Effect of active metal oxide dopants on wettability and interfacial reaction between K417G superalloy and Al2O3-based ceramic shell 活性金属氧化物掺杂对K417G高温合金与al2o3基陶瓷壳间润湿性及界面反应的影响

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66961-5

Bao-hong KOU , Wen-tao ZHOU , Yong-hui PENG , Jing OUYANG

Some active metal oxides (Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and Cr₂O₃) were selected as dopants to the Al₂O₃-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy. The effects of dopant types and contents (0, 2, 5, and 8 wt.%) on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment. The results show that increasing the Al₂O₃ doping contents (0-8 wt.%) reduces the porosity (21.74%-10.08%) and roughness (3.22-1.34 μm) of the shell surface. The increase in Cr₂O₃ dopant content (2-8 wt.%) further exacerbates the interfacial reaction, leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer (2.6-3.1 μm) and a decrease in the wetting angle (93.9°-91.0°). The addition of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ dopants leads to the formation of Al₂TiO₅ composite oxides in the reaction products, which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction. The increase in TiO₂ dopant contents (0-8 wt.%) further promotes the formation of Al₂TiO₅, which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer (3.9-1.2 μm) and increases the wetting angle (95.0°-103.8°). The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface, while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.

选用活性金属氧化物（Al2O3、TiO2和Cr2O3）作为K417G高温合金熔模铸造用Al2O3基陶瓷壳的掺杂剂。通过固滴实验研究了掺杂剂种类和含量（0、2、5、8 wt.%）对合金与壳体的润湿性和界面反应的影响。结果表明：随着Al2O3掺杂量的增加（0 ~ 8 wt.%），壳表面孔隙率（21.74% ~ 10.08%）和粗糙度（3.22 ~ 1.34 μm）降低；Cr2O3掺杂量的增加（2 ~ 8 wt.%）进一步加剧了界面反应，导致反应层厚度增加（2.6 ~ 3.1 μm），润湿角减小（93.9°~ 91.0°）。Al2O3和TiO2掺杂剂的加入使反应产物中形成Al2TiO5复合氧化物，有效抑制了界面反应。TiO2掺杂量的增加（0 ~ 8 wt.%）进一步促进了Al2TiO5的形成，使界面反应层厚度减小（3.9 ~ 1.2 μm），润湿角增大（95.0°~ 103.8°）。引入的掺杂剂增强了壳体表面的堆积密度，同时抑制了活性金属元素从合金基体向界面的扩散。

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure evolution and corrosion behavior of refill friction stir spot welding joint for dissimilar Al alloys 异种铝合金搅拌摩擦点焊接头显微组织演变及腐蚀行为

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66950-0

Fang-yuan JIANG , Da ZHANG , Yan-kun MA , Jiang-tao XIONG , Wei GUO , Jing-long LI

The dissimilar 2B06 and 7B04 Al alloy joints were prepared by refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW), and the microstructural evolution and corrosion behavior of the joints were investigated. Based on microstructural analysis, the welded joints exhibit distinct microstructural zones, including the stir zone (SZ), thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The grain size of each zone is in the order of HAZ > TMAZ > SZ. Notably, the TMAZ and HAZ contain significantly larger secondary-phase particles compared to the SZ, with particle size in the HAZ increasing at higher rotational speeds. Electrochemical tests indicate that corrosion susceptibility follows the sequence of HAZ > TMAZ > SZ > BM, with greater sensitivity observed at increased rotational speeds. Post-corrosion mechanical performance degradation primarily arises from crevice corrosion at joint overlaps, but not from the changes in the microstructure.

采用再填充搅拌摩擦点焊（RFSSW）制备了2B06和7B04铝合金异种接头，并对接头的组织演变和腐蚀行为进行了研究。显微组织分析表明，焊接接头存在明显的微观组织区，包括搅拌区、热影响区和热影响区。各区域的晶粒尺寸依次为HAZ >； TMAZ >； SZ。值得注意的是，与SZ相比，TMAZ和HAZ含有更大的二次相颗粒，HAZ中的颗粒尺寸随着转速的增加而增加。电化学测试表明，腐蚀敏感性依次为HAZ >； TMAZ > SZ >； BM，转速越高，敏感性越高。腐蚀后的力学性能下降主要是由接缝重叠处的缝隙腐蚀引起的，而不是由微观组织的变化引起的。

引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal conversion from hydrogarnet to hydroandradite based on alumina recovery from red mud 从赤泥中回收氧化铝的水热转化水榴石为水榴石

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66966-4

Hong-fei WU , Xiao-lin PAN , Ji-long LIU , Feng QIU , Tun HE , Hai-yan YU

To synergistically recover alumina and alkali from red mud (RM), the structural stability and conversion mechanism of hydroandradite (HA) from hydrogarnet (HG) were investigated via the First-principles, XRF, XRD, PSD and SEM methods, and a novel hydrothermal process based on the conversion principle was finally proposed. The crystal structure simulation shows that the HA with varied silicon saturation coefficients is more stable than HG, and the HA with a high iron substitution coefficient is more difficult to be converted from HG. The (110) plane of Fe₂O₃ is easier to combine with HG to form HA, and the binding energy is 81.93 kJ/mol. The effects of raw material ratio, solution concentration and hydrothermal parameters on the conversion from HG to HA were revealed, and the optimal conditions for the alumina recovery were obtained. The recovery efficiencies of alumina and Na₂O from the RM are 63.06% and 97.34%, respectively, and the Na₂O content in the treated RM is only 0.13%.

为了从赤泥（RM）中协同回收氧化铝和碱，通过第一性原理、XRF、XRD、PSD和SEM等方法研究了水榴石（HG）中水榴石（HA）的结构稳定性和转化机理，最终提出了一种基于转化原理的水热工艺。晶体结构模拟表明，不同硅饱和系数的HA比HG更稳定，高铁取代系数的HA更难以从HG转化，Fe2O3的（110）面更容易与HG结合形成HA，结合能为81.93 kJ/mol。考察了原料配比、溶液浓度和水热参数对HG转化为HA的影响，得到了氧化铝回收的最佳条件。RM中氧化铝和Na2O的回收率分别为63.06%和97.34%，处理后RM中Na2O含量仅为0.13%。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of different artificial aging treatments on tensile creep behavior of extruded lean Mg-Al-Ca-Mn alloy 不同人工时效处理对挤压型Mg-Al-Ca-Mn合金拉伸蠕变行为的影响

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66952-4

Ming-yu LI , Zhi-ping GUAN , Jia-wang SONG , Hong-jie JIA , Pin-kui MA , Gang WANG , Wei YAN , Ming-hui WANG , Zhi-gang LI

The effects of artificial aging (T6) on the creep resistance with tensile stresses in the range of 50-80 MPa at 175 °C were investigated for an extruded Mg-1.22Al-0.31Ca-0.44Mn (wt.%) alloy. The Guinier-Preston (G.P.) zones primarily precipitate in the sample aged at 200 °C for 1 h (T6-200°C/1h), while the Al₂Ca phases mainly precipitate in the sample aged at 275 °C for 8 h (T6-275°C/8h). The T6-200°C/1h sample exhibits excellent creep resistance, with a steady-state creep rate one order of magnitude lower than that of the T6-275°C/8h sample. The abnormally high stress exponent (~8.2) observed in the T6-200°C/1h sample is associated with the power-law breakdown mechanism. TEM analysis illuminates that the creep mechanism for the T6-200°C/1h sample is cross-slip between basal and prismatic dislocations, while the T6-275°C/8h sample exhibits a mixed mechanism of dislocation cross-slip and climb. Compared with the Al₂Ca phase, the dense G.P. zones effectively impede dislocation climb and glide during the creep process, demonstrating superior creep resistance of the T6-200°C/1h sample.

研究了175℃下人工时效（T6）对Mg-1.22Al-0.31Ca-0.44Mn （wt.%）挤压合金抗蠕变性能的影响。ginier - preston （gp）相主要析出于200℃时效1h （t6 ~ 200℃/1h）的试样中，Al2Ca相主要析出于275℃时效8h （t6 ~ 275℃/8h）的试样中。T6-200°C/1h试样表现出优异的抗蠕变性能，稳态蠕变速率比T6-275°C/8h试样低一个数量级。t6 ~ 200℃/1h试样的异常高应力指数（~8.2）与幂律击穿机制有关。TEM分析表明，t6 ~ 200℃/1h试样的蠕变机制为位错与柱位错之间的交叉滑移，而t6 ~ 275℃/8h试样的蠕变机制为位错与柱位错的交叉滑移和爬升混合机制。与Al2Ca相相比，在蠕变过程中，密集的gp区有效地阻碍了位错的爬升和滑动，显示出T6-200°C/1h试样具有优异的抗蠕变性能。

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引用次数: 0

Adsorption properties of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate on argentite and sphalerite surface in pulp containing silver and zinc ions 二丁基二硫代磷酸铵在含银、锌离子矿浆中银闪锌矿表面的吸附性能

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66963-9

Ting-sheng QIU , Kai-wei DING , Guan-fei ZHAO , Guo-dong LI , Wen-hui YANG , Hao CHENG , Shun-de YAN

The flotation separation of argentite from sphalerite using ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate (ADD) was studied. Molecular simulation (MS) calculation shows that ADD is chemisorbed on argentite and sphalerite surface in the form of S—P bond. The ADD adsorption on argentite and sphalerite surface in Ag⁺ system was revealed by ICP, Zeta potential and XPS analyses. It is shown that the dissolved Ag⁺ from argentite surface can be absorbed on sphalerite surface in the form of silver hydroxide, and AgOH hydrophilic colloid prevents the adsorption of ADD on sphalerite surface. The ADD adsorption on argentite and sphalerite surface in the pulp containing silver and zinc ions was revealed by adsorption capacity and surface wettability analyses. It is shown that the combined Zn(OH)₂ and AgOH hydrophilic colloid leads to greater ADD adsorption capacity on argentite surface and stronger surface hydrophobicity than sphalerite. Flotation tests demonstrate that ADD enables efficient separation of argentite from sphalerite in the pulp containing silver and zinc ions.

研究了用二丁基二硫代磷酸铵（ADD）浮选分离闪锌矿和银铁矿的工艺条件。分子模拟（MS）计算表明，ADD以S-P键的形式在辉钼矿和闪锌矿表面化学吸附。通过ICP、Zeta电位和XPS分析揭示了Ag+体系中ADD在辉钼矿和闪锌矿表面的吸附。结果表明，银辉石表面溶解的Ag+能以氢氧化银的形式吸附在闪锌矿表面，而AgOH亲水性胶体阻止了ADD在闪锌矿表面的吸附。通过吸附量和表面润湿性分析，揭示了ADD在含银和含锌矿浆中银云母和闪锌矿表面的吸附作用。结果表明，与闪锌矿相比，锌（OH）2和AgOH复合的亲水胶体在辉钼矿表面具有更大的ADD吸附能力和更强的表面疏水性。浮选试验表明，ADD能够在含银和锌离子的矿浆中有效地从闪锌矿中分离出辉钼矿。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing surface properties of Ni through electrodeposition of Mo coatings in molten CaCl2-CaMoO4 在熔融CaCl2-CaMoO4中电沉积Mo涂层提高Ni的表面性能

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66967-6

Xiao-tian CHENG , Xiao YANG

The molten CaCl₂-CaMoO₄ system was investigated, and the electrodeposition of protective Mo coatings on Ni plates was demonstrated. The results confirm the high solubility of solid CaMoO₄ and the electrochemical reactivity of MoO₄^2– ions in molten CaCl₂. The eutectic temperature and composition of the system are identified as 1021 K and 4.74 wt.% CaMoO₄, respectively. Under constant-current electrolysis conditions of -10 mA/cm² at 1123 K, uniform and dense Mo coatings are obtained on Ni plates with up to 90.31% efficiency. Increasing the current density raises the overpotential, leading to refined grains and decreased roughness. The Mo-coated Ni plate exhibits a significant improvement in hardness and corrosion resistance. Microhardness increases from HV 46.00 to HV 215.10 after coating, and the corrosion rate in a 20 wt.% NaCl solution at room temperature decreases to 0.1% that of the bare plate. These findings enhance our understanding of the molten CaCl₂–CaMoO₄ system and emphasize the potential of innovative Mo coating technologies.

研究了熔融的CaCl2-CaMoO4体系，并在Ni板上电沉积了Mo防护涂层。结果证实了固体CaMoO4的高溶解度和MoO42 -离子在熔融CaCl2中的电化学反应性。共晶温度为1021 K， CaMoO4含量为4.74 wt.%。在1123 K、-10 mA/cm2的恒流电解条件下，Ni板表面可获得均匀致密的Mo镀层，效率高达90.31%。增大电流密度会提高过电位，导致晶粒细化，粗糙度降低。镀钼后的镍板硬度和耐蚀性均有显著提高。涂层后的显微硬度由HV 46.00提高到HV 215.10，室温下在20wt .% NaCl溶液中的腐蚀速率降至裸板的0.1%。这些发现增强了我们对熔融CaCl2-CaMoO4体系的理解，并强调了创新Mo涂层技术的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Additive manufacturing techniques for WC-Co cemented carbides: Principle, progress, and perspective WC-Co硬质合金增材制造技术：原理、进展与展望

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66946-9

Zhan-he LIU , Ke-chao ZHOU , Kai-hua SHI , Xiao-zan WU , He XIAO , Chao-qun PENG , Ri-chu WANG , Xiao-feng WANG

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has emerged as a viable solution for manufacturing complex- shaped WC-Co cemented carbide products, thereby expanding their applications in industries such as resource mining, equipment manufacturing, and electronic information. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the progress of AM technology in WC-Co cemented carbides. The fundamental principles and classification of AM techniques are introduced, followed by a categorization and evaluation of the AM techniques for WC-Co cemented carbides. These techniques are classified as either direct AM technology (DAM) or indirect AM technology (IDAM), depending on their inclusion of post-processes like de-binding and sintering. Through an analysis of microstructure features, the most suitable AM route for WC-Co cemented carbide products with controllable microstructure is identified as the indirect AM technology, such as binder jet printing (BJP), which integrates AM with conventional powder metallurgy.

增材制造（AM）技术已成为制造复杂形状WC-Co硬质合金产品的可行解决方案，从而扩大了其在资源开采、装备制造和电子信息等行业的应用。本文综述了增材制造技术在WC-Co硬质合金中的研究进展。介绍了增材制造技术的基本原理和分类，对WC-Co硬质合金增材制造技术进行了分类和评价。这些技术分为直接增材制造技术（DAM）或间接增材制造技术（IDAM），这取决于它们是否包含解绑定和烧结等后处理。通过对微观结构特征的分析，确定了微观结构可控的WC-Co硬质合金产品最适合的增材制造路线是将增材制造与传统粉末冶金相结合的粘合剂喷射打印（BJP）等间接增材制造技术。

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