Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66917-2
Ji-wei XUE, Qi-hong LIU, Tong LIU, He WAN, Sen WANG, Xian-zhong BU
The effects of combined microwave and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation on the flotation separation of molybdenite and chalcopyrite, as well as the underlying mechanism were investigated via microflotation, zeta potential, contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. The microflotation experiments showed that the effective inhibition of chalcopyrite can be obtained through combined oxidation pretreatments with low microwave power and H2O2 consumption. The zeta potential, contact angle and XPS analyses indicated that the surface hydrophobicity of molybdenite changed minimally after different treatments, whereas significant amounts of hydrophilic oxidation species were formed on the surface of chalcopyrite, thus decreasing its surface hydrophobicity and floatability. Moreover, the SEM and AFM analyses indicated that more uniform oxidative products were formed on the chalcopyrite surface, further significantly increasing the surface roughness.
{"title":"Enhanced inhibition of chalcopyrite in molybdenite flotation by combined oxidation of microwave and H2O2","authors":"Ji-wei XUE, Qi-hong LIU, Tong LIU, He WAN, Sen WANG, Xian-zhong BU","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66917-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66917-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of combined microwave and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) oxidation on the flotation separation of molybdenite and chalcopyrite, as well as the underlying mechanism were investigated via microflotation, zeta potential, contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. The microflotation experiments showed that the effective inhibition of chalcopyrite can be obtained through combined oxidation pretreatments with low microwave power and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> consumption. The zeta potential, contact angle and XPS analyses indicated that the surface hydrophobicity of molybdenite changed minimally after different treatments, whereas significant amounts of hydrophilic oxidation species were formed on the surface of chalcopyrite, thus decreasing its surface hydrophobicity and floatability. Moreover, the SEM and AFM analyses indicated that more uniform oxidative products were formed on the chalcopyrite surface, further significantly increasing the surface roughness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3852-3868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66909-3
Kai HUANG , Yao-jia REN , Qing-ge WANG , Yi LIU , Quan FU , Ning LI , Ian BAKER , Min SONG , Hong WU
The microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of Ti-12Ni (wt.%) specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) using various volume energy density (VED) processing parameter values were investigated. The results showed that the alloy prepared at a low VED of 67 J/mm3 consisted of near-β grains. At a VED of 133 J/mm3 the alloy exhibited coarse primary Ti2Ni and fine eutectoid structure. This eutectoid structure consisted of α laths and two types of nanoscale Ti2Ni, one in the form of short rods and the other with a spherical morphology. Further increase of the VED to 267 J/mm3 led to coarsening of the eutectoid structure. The dispersed Ti2Ni nanoparticles exhibited a significant strengthening effect. The alloy produced at a VED of 133 J/mm3 showed the greatest strength with a nanohardness of (7.8±0.1) GPa and a compressive strength of (1777±27) MPa. However, the presence of Ni segregation and holes produced by the LPBF processing adversely affected the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
{"title":"Microstructural evolution, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti-12Ni alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Kai HUANG , Yao-jia REN , Qing-ge WANG , Yi LIU , Quan FU , Ning LI , Ian BAKER , Min SONG , Hong WU","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66909-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66909-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of Ti-12Ni (wt.%) specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) using various volume energy density (VED) processing parameter values were investigated. The results showed that the alloy prepared at a low VED of 67 J/mm<sup>3</sup> consisted of near-β grains. At a VED of 133 J/mm<sup>3</sup> the alloy exhibited coarse primary Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni and fine eutectoid structure. This eutectoid structure consisted of α laths and two types of nanoscale Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni, one in the form of short rods and the other with a spherical morphology. Further increase of the VED to 267 J/mm<sup>3</sup> led to coarsening of the eutectoid structure. The dispersed Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni nanoparticles exhibited a significant strengthening effect. The alloy produced at a VED of 133 J/mm<sup>3</sup> showed the greatest strength with a nanohardness of (7.8±0.1) GPa and a compressive strength of (1777±27) MPa. However, the presence of Ni segregation and holes produced by the LPBF processing adversely affected the corrosion resistance of the alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3734-3750"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66915-9
Hong BO , Xu-dong CHEN , Li-bin LIU , Xiao-gang FANG , Jian-liang HU , Li-min WANG
To improve the accuracy of machine learning in predicting the glass-forming ability, the atomic size difference, mixing enthalpy and estimated viscosity at liquidus temperature were selected as features from the perspectives of structure, thermodynamics and kinetics. Various algorithms including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), were employed to predict the maximum size of the metallic glasses. Results show that the XGBoost models using the original and augmented datasets both exhibit superior performance, with the latter achieving the highest determination coefficient of 0.9148 among all the models. For predicting the maximum sizes of unseen Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-(Y) alloys, the XGBoost model trained on the augmented dataset demonstrates the best agreement with the measured data, indicating excellent generalization ability. By model interpretation, it is found that the kinetic factor correlates more with glass-forming ability compared with the thermodynamic and structural factors.
{"title":"Machine learning on glass-forming ability of metallic glasses guided by domain knowledge","authors":"Hong BO , Xu-dong CHEN , Li-bin LIU , Xiao-gang FANG , Jian-liang HU , Li-min WANG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66915-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66915-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the accuracy of machine learning in predicting the glass-forming ability, the atomic size difference, mixing enthalpy and estimated viscosity at liquidus temperature were selected as features from the perspectives of structure, thermodynamics and kinetics. Various algorithms including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), were employed to predict the maximum size of the metallic glasses. Results show that the XGBoost models using the original and augmented datasets both exhibit superior performance, with the latter achieving the highest determination coefficient of 0.9148 among all the models. For predicting the maximum sizes of unseen Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-(Y) alloys, the XGBoost model trained on the augmented dataset demonstrates the best agreement with the measured data, indicating excellent generalization ability. By model interpretation, it is found that the kinetic factor correlates more with glass-forming ability compared with the thermodynamic and structural factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3824-3835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanoscale metal-based tunneling junction (MTJ) devices were fabricated using the electromigration method, and their electrical properties were studied after exposure to γ- and β-radiation. Irradiation caused the set threshold voltage (Vset) of the MTJ devices to increase, leading to a transition from a low-resistance state (LRS) to a high-resistance state (HRS). This shift in Vset was due to atom displacement from high-energy electrons excited by γ- and β-radiation. Unlike semiconductor devices, MTJ devices showed resilience to permanent damage and could be restored in-situ through multiple I-V (I is the drain current; V is the drain voltage) sweeps with appropriate configurations. This ability to recover suggests that MTJ devices have promising potential under irradiation. The reparability of irradiated MTJ devices is closely related to nothing-on-insulator (NOI) their structure, providing insights for other NOI and metal-based micro-nanoscale devices.
{"title":"Impact of γ- and β-radiation on metal-based tunneling junction devices and their restorability","authors":"Zhong-zheng TIAN, Da-cheng YU, Zhong-yang REN, Jiao-jiao TIAN, Li-ming REN, Yun-yi FU","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66916-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66916-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoscale metal-based tunneling junction (MTJ) devices were fabricated using the electromigration method, and their electrical properties were studied after exposure to γ- and β-radiation. Irradiation caused the set threshold voltage (V<sub>set</sub>) of the MTJ devices to increase, leading to a transition from a low-resistance state (LRS) to a high-resistance state (HRS). This shift in V<sub>set</sub> was due to atom displacement from high-energy electrons excited by γ- and β-radiation. Unlike semiconductor devices, MTJ devices showed resilience to permanent damage and could be restored in-situ through multiple I-V (I is the drain current; V is the drain voltage) sweeps with appropriate configurations. This ability to recover suggests that MTJ devices have promising potential under irradiation. The reparability of irradiated MTJ devices is closely related to nothing-on-insulator (NOI) their structure, providing insights for other NOI and metal-based micro-nanoscale devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3836-3851"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66919-6
Yu-jie CHEN , Yan-jie LIANG , Hui LIU , Pekka TASKINEN , Ari JOKILAAKSO , Zhun-qin DONG , Zhong-bing WANG , Tao CHEN
The suspension stage of copper flash smelting was examined by roasting a high arsenic copper smelting feed mixture at 500-900 °C for 0-20 s in nitrogen and air atmospheres. The enrichment of copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, and sulfur in the quenched calcine was determined via chemical analyses. Pyrite and chalcopyrite were the main minerals in the feed mixture, and about 55 wt.% of arsenic was in tennantite. The stability of the feed and the formation of S2 and SO2 during roasting were surveyed by thermal analysis combined with mass spectrometry. Selected pure impurity sulfides were studied for reference purposes. Results indicated that arsenic was released more easily in inert atmosphere compared to air, in which oxidation products of sulfides captured the released gaseous arsenic. Kinetics analyses showed that the third-order chemical reaction and three-dimensional diffusion models were found as the most suitable mechanism functions of arsenic volatilization in inert and air atmospheres, respectively.
{"title":"Behavior of high-arsenic copper feed mixture in suspension smelting processes","authors":"Yu-jie CHEN , Yan-jie LIANG , Hui LIU , Pekka TASKINEN , Ari JOKILAAKSO , Zhun-qin DONG , Zhong-bing WANG , Tao CHEN","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66919-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66919-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The suspension stage of copper flash smelting was examined by roasting a high arsenic copper smelting feed mixture at 500-900 °C for 0-20 s in nitrogen and air atmospheres. The enrichment of copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, and sulfur in the quenched calcine was determined via chemical analyses. Pyrite and chalcopyrite were the main minerals in the feed mixture, and about 55 wt.% of arsenic was in tennantite. The stability of the feed and the formation of S<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> during roasting were surveyed by thermal analysis combined with mass spectrometry. Selected pure impurity sulfides were studied for reference purposes. Results indicated that arsenic was released more easily in inert atmosphere compared to air, in which oxidation products of sulfides captured the released gaseous arsenic. Kinetics analyses showed that the third-order chemical reaction and three-dimensional diffusion models were found as the most suitable mechanism functions of arsenic volatilization in inert and air atmospheres, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3886-3901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66920-2
Jia-yao CHEN , Ning CHEN , Hong-zhen LIU , Zheng-wei XU , Zhi-xing WANG , Wei-hua GUI , Wen-jie PENG
A collaborative optimization method for the sintering schedule of ternary cathode materials was proposed under microscopic coupling constraints. An oxygen vacancy concentration prediction model based on microscopic thermodynamics and a growth kinetics model based on neural networks were established. Then, optimization formulations were constructed in three stages to obtain an optimal sintering schedule that minimized energy consumption for different requirements. Simulations demonstrate that the models accurately predict the oxygen vacancy concentrations and grain size, with root mean square errors of approximately 5% and 3%, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized sintering schedule not only meets the required quality standards but also reduces sintering time by 12.31% and keeping temperature by 11.96%. This research provides new insights and methods for the preparation of ternary cathode materials.
{"title":"Collaborative optimization method for sintering schedule of ternary cathode materials under microscopic coupling constraints","authors":"Jia-yao CHEN , Ning CHEN , Hong-zhen LIU , Zheng-wei XU , Zhi-xing WANG , Wei-hua GUI , Wen-jie PENG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66920-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66920-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A collaborative optimization method for the sintering schedule of ternary cathode materials was proposed under microscopic coupling constraints. An oxygen vacancy concentration prediction model based on microscopic thermodynamics and a growth kinetics model based on neural networks were established. Then, optimization formulations were constructed in three stages to obtain an optimal sintering schedule that minimized energy consumption for different requirements. Simulations demonstrate that the models accurately predict the oxygen vacancy concentrations and grain size, with root mean square errors of approximately 5% and 3%, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized sintering schedule not only meets the required quality standards but also reduces sintering time by 12.31% and keeping temperature by 11.96%. This research provides new insights and methods for the preparation of ternary cathode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3902-3918"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66899-3
Wen-zhe GAO , Li ZHANG , Kai-yang LI , Xiao-hui YANG , Jin-fang ZHANG , Jian-hong WANG , Hong XU , Pei-kang BAI , Yuan-kui CAO , Bin LIU , Xiao-feng LI
A combination of casting and laser remelting was employed to develop a high-strength and heat-resistant Al-Si-Fe alloy suitable for powder bed fusion using a laser beam (PBF-LB). By clarifying the effects of the incorporated elements and their contents on the microstructure and mechanical performance of Al-Si-Fe alloys, the composition was optimized as Al-11Si-2.5Fe-2Mn-1.2Ni-0.4Cr (in wt.%). The optimized alloy was subsequently validated using PBF-LB, which exhibited favorable machinability, achieving a density of 99.8%. The room-temperature tensile strength of the PBF-LB manufactured Al-Si-Fe alloy reached (512.76±3.26) MPa, with a yield strength of (337.79±2.36) MPa and an elongation of (2.98±0.07)%. The enhanced room-temperature mechanical properties could be mainly attributed to the combined effects of fine-grain strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation strengthening. At 300 °C, the high-temperature tensile strength of the developed alloy reached (222.47±6.41) MPa, with a yield strength of (164.25±11.40) MPa and an elongation of (8.88±0.33)%, outperforming those of existing alloys documented in the literature. The improved high-temperature mechanical performance was primarily provided by the three-dimensional network comprising cellular heat-resistant Al17(FeMnNiCr)4Si2 and α-Al(FeMn)Si phases.
{"title":"Composition design of high-strength and heat-resistant Al-Si-Fe alloy for powder bed fusion using laser beam","authors":"Wen-zhe GAO , Li ZHANG , Kai-yang LI , Xiao-hui YANG , Jin-fang ZHANG , Jian-hong WANG , Hong XU , Pei-kang BAI , Yuan-kui CAO , Bin LIU , Xiao-feng LI","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66899-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66899-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A combination of casting and laser remelting was employed to develop a high-strength and heat-resistant Al-Si-Fe alloy suitable for powder bed fusion using a laser beam (PBF-LB). By clarifying the effects of the incorporated elements and their contents on the microstructure and mechanical performance of Al-Si-Fe alloys, the composition was optimized as Al-11Si-2.5Fe-2Mn-1.2Ni-0.4Cr (in wt.%). The optimized alloy was subsequently validated using PBF-LB, which exhibited favorable machinability, achieving a density of 99.8%. The room-temperature tensile strength of the PBF-LB manufactured Al-Si-Fe alloy reached (512.76±3.26) MPa, with a yield strength of (337.79±2.36) MPa and an elongation of (2.98±0.07)%. The enhanced room-temperature mechanical properties could be mainly attributed to the combined effects of fine-grain strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation strengthening. At 300 °C, the high-temperature tensile strength of the developed alloy reached (222.47±6.41) MPa, with a yield strength of (164.25±11.40) MPa and an elongation of (8.88±0.33)%, outperforming those of existing alloys documented in the literature. The improved high-temperature mechanical performance was primarily provided by the three-dimensional network comprising cellular heat-resistant Al<sub>17</sub>(FeMnNiCr)<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>2</sub> and α-Al(FeMn)Si phases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3561-3577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The majority of industrial aluminum casting alloys exhibit low thermal conductivity, which is insufficient for effective heat transfer in electronic devices. The objective of this investigation was to develop new aluminum casting alloys with high thermal conductivity. The impact of alloying elements on the thermal conductivity of pure aluminum was examined, and the relationships among microstructure, thermal conductivity, and the mechanical and corrosion properties of Al-Zn-Ca-(Cu,Mg) alloys were explored. The findings indicate that in the as-cast state, the structure of the alloys consists of α-Al and a eutectic containing the (Al,Zn)4Ca phase. Following the solution heat treatment, the (Al,Zn)4Ca phase is spheroidised, and thermal conductivity of the alloys increases, reaching over 75% that of pure aluminum. However, the heat-treated alloys exhibit low mechanical properties: tensile yield strength <60 MPa, ultimate tensile strength <160 MPa, and elongation at fracture >15%. The alloys demonstrate satisfactory fluidity and low hot tearing susceptibility. With the exception of the alloy containing copper, the alloys exhibit low corrosion rates, estimated at approximately 0.02 mm/a.
{"title":"Castability, mechanical, and corrosion properties of Al-Zn-Ca alloys with high thermal conductivity","authors":"A.A. LYSKOVICH , V.E. BAZHENOV , I.I. BARANOV , V.A. BAUTIN , A.V. SANNIKOV , A.I. BAZLOV , E.I. TIAN , A.A. STEPASHKIN , A.V. KOLTYGIN , V.D. BELOV","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66901-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66901-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The majority of industrial aluminum casting alloys exhibit low thermal conductivity, which is insufficient for effective heat transfer in electronic devices. The objective of this investigation was to develop new aluminum casting alloys with high thermal conductivity. The impact of alloying elements on the thermal conductivity of pure aluminum was examined, and the relationships among microstructure, thermal conductivity, and the mechanical and corrosion properties of Al-Zn-Ca-(Cu,Mg) alloys were explored. The findings indicate that in the as-cast state, the structure of the alloys consists of α-Al and a eutectic containing the (Al,Zn)<sub>4</sub>Ca phase. Following the solution heat treatment, the (Al,Zn)<sub>4</sub>Ca phase is spheroidised, and thermal conductivity of the alloys increases, reaching over 75% that of pure aluminum. However, the heat-treated alloys exhibit low mechanical properties: tensile yield strength <60 MPa, ultimate tensile strength <160 MPa, and elongation at fracture >15%. The alloys demonstrate satisfactory fluidity and low hot tearing susceptibility. With the exception of the alloy containing copper, the alloys exhibit low corrosion rates, estimated at approximately 0.02 mm/a.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3595-3616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66911-1
Yu-bi GAO , Xing-mao WANG , Jia-yu XU , Bo LIU , Bing ZHEN , Yu-tian DING , Bin GAN , Ting-biao GUO , Jun-zhao LIU
High-density stacking faults (SFs) were introduced into a novel Ni-Co-based superalloy through warm rolling at 300-500 °C, and the effects of SFs on its tensile properties at intermediate temperatures (650 and 750 °C) were investigated. The results indicated that all warm rolled specimens have high-density SFs and Lomer-Cottrell locks compared with the initial specimens. Meanwhile, the simultaneous improvement of intermediate-temperature strength and ductility of alloys can be achieved by high-density SFs. In particular, the specimen rolled at 300 °C exhibited a superior combination of high strength (yield and ultimate tensile strengths of (1311±18) and (1462±25) MPa respectively at 650 °C, and (1180±17) and (1293±15) MPa respectively at 750 °C) and high fracture elongation ((26.7±2.5)% at 650 °C and (10.7±1.3)% at 750 °C). The high strengths and facture elongations of all warm-rolled specimens were primarily attributed to the interaction of pre-existing γ′ phases, high-density SFs and Lomer-Cottrell locks with dislocations, as well as to the formation of high-density deformation nano-twins during tensile loading.
{"title":"Simultaneously improving intermediate-temperature strength and ductility of Ni-Co-based superalloy by tailoring high-density stacking faults","authors":"Yu-bi GAO , Xing-mao WANG , Jia-yu XU , Bo LIU , Bing ZHEN , Yu-tian DING , Bin GAN , Ting-biao GUO , Jun-zhao LIU","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66911-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66911-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density stacking faults (SFs) were introduced into a novel Ni-Co-based superalloy through warm rolling at 300-500 °C, and the effects of SFs on its tensile properties at intermediate temperatures (650 and 750 °C) were investigated. The results indicated that all warm rolled specimens have high-density SFs and Lomer-Cottrell locks compared with the initial specimens. Meanwhile, the simultaneous improvement of intermediate-temperature strength and ductility of alloys can be achieved by high-density SFs. In particular, the specimen rolled at 300 °C exhibited a superior combination of high strength (yield and ultimate tensile strengths of (1311±18) and (1462±25) MPa respectively at 650 °C, and (1180±17) and (1293±15) MPa respectively at 750 °C) and high fracture elongation ((26.7±2.5)% at 650 °C and (10.7±1.3)% at 750 °C). The high strengths and facture elongations of all warm-rolled specimens were primarily attributed to the interaction of pre-existing γ′ phases, high-density SFs and Lomer-Cottrell locks with dislocations, as well as to the formation of high-density deformation nano-twins during tensile loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 3761-3777"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66914-7
Yu-chao TANG , Bin XIAO , Jian-hui CHEN , Shui-zhou CHEN , Yi-hang LI , Fu LIU , Wan DU , Yi-heng SHEN , Xue FAN , Quan QIAN , Yi LIU
The graph-based representation of material structures, along with deep neural network models, often lacks locality and requires large datasets, which are seldom available in specialized materials research. To address this challenge, we developed a more data-efficient center-environment (CE) structure representation that incorporates a predefined attention-focused mechanism. This approach was applied in a machine learning (ML) study to examine the local alloying effects on the structural stability of Nb alloys. In the CE feature model, the atomic environment type (AET) method was utilized, which effectively describes the low-symmetry physical shell structures of neighboring atoms. The optimized ML-CEAET models successfully predicted double-site substitution energies in Nb with a mean absolute error of 55.37 meV and identified Si-M pairs (where M = Ta, W, Re, and lanthanide rare-earth elements) as promising stabilizers for Nb. The ML-CEAET model’s good transferability was further confirmed through accurate prediction of untrained alloying element Nb. Significantly, in cases involving small datasets, non-deep learning models with CE features outperformed deep learning models based on graph features reported in the literature.
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