Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China最新文献

英文中文

Needle-like χ phase precipitation induced by stacking fault in novelCo-based superalloys 新钴基高温合金中层错引起的针状χ相析出

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66888-9

Qiu-zhi GAO , Jun-ru WANG , Xu-ming ZHANG , Qing-shuang MA , Song-lin LI , Hui-jun LI , Hong-tao ZHU

To explain the precipitation mechanism of χ phase in Co-based superalloys, the microstructural evolution of Co-Ti-Mo superalloys subjected to aging was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the needle-like χ phase is mainly composed of D0₁₉-Co₃(Ti, Mo), which is transformed from L1₂-γ′ phase, and a specific orientation relationship exists between them. χ phase is nucleated through the shearing of γ′ phase due to the influence of stacking fault. The crystal orientation relationship between L1₂ and D0₁₉ can be confirmed as {111}_L12//{0001}_D019, and 〈112〉 _L12//〈100〉 _D019. The growth of D0₁₉-χ phase depends on the diffusions of Ti and Mo, and consumes a large number of elements. This progress leads to the appearance of γ′ precipitation depletion zone (PDZ) around D0₁₉-χ phase. The addition of Ni improves the stability of L1₂-γ′ phase and the mechanical properties of Co-based superalloys.

为了解释co基高温合金中χ相的析出机理，采用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了Co-Ti-Mo高温合金时效后的显微组织演变。结果表明：针状χ相主要由L12-γ′相转变而来的D019-Co3（Ti, Mo）组成，两者之间存在特定的取向关系；由于层错的影响，x相通过γ′相的剪切而成核。L12与D019的晶体取向关系为{111}L12//{0001}D019， < 112 > L12// < 100 > D019。D019-χ相的生长依赖于Ti和Mo的扩散，消耗大量的元素。这一进展导致在D019-χ相附近出现γ′降水枯竭带（PDZ）。Ni的加入提高了L12-γ′相的稳定性和co基高温合金的力学性能。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation of high-strength and high-ductility Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy via deformation at low temperature and small extrusion ratio 低温小挤压比变形制备高强高塑性Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66879-8

Ya-yun HE , Rui GUO , Xi ZHAO , Zhi-min ZHANG

A method of pre-regulating the lamellar long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase was introduced to enhance the hot plasticity of rare earth magnesium alloys. Additionally, low-temperature extrusion was used to achieve a comprehensive improvement of alloy performance with small deformation, providing a new approach for the preparation of high-performance large components. The strengthening-toughening mechanism under low-temperature extrusion with an extrusion ratio of 3.6:1 was investigated by comparing the microstructure and performance of pre-regulated Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zralloy at three different extrusion temperatures (420, 450, and 480 °C). Results show that the alloy extruded at 420 °C exhibits a yield strength of 341 MPa, tensile strength of 419 MPa, and elongation of 7.2%. The increase in strength is mainly caused by the strong texture and internal dislocation pinning of the undynamic recrystallization (un-DRX)zone, and a lower volume fraction of β dynamic precipitation phase is beneficial to improving the ductility of the alloy.

为了提高稀土镁合金的热塑性，提出了一种预调节片层长周期有序堆积相（LPSO）的方法。此外，采用低温挤压技术在小变形条件下实现了合金性能的全面提高，为高性能大型部件的制备提供了新的途径。通过对比预调节Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zralloy在420、450和480℃三种不同挤压温度下的组织和性能，研究了挤压比为3.6:1的低温挤压强化增韧机理。结果表明，在420℃下挤压成形的合金屈服强度为341 MPa，抗拉强度为419 MPa，伸长率为7.2%。强度的提高主要是由非动态再结晶区（undrx）的强织构和内部位错钉住引起的，较低的β动态析出相体积分数有利于提高合金的塑性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of iron content on microstructures and mechanical properties of new ultra-high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys 铁含量对新型超高强度Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织和力学性能的影响

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66874-9

Xin-yuan XU , Lei JIANG , Xin-biao ZHANG , Ming-hong MAO , Jian-xin XIE

The impact of Fe content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an ultra-high strength aluminum alloy, namely, Al-10.50Zn-2.35Mg-1.25Cu-0.12Cr-0.1Mn-0.1Zr-0.1Ti, was investigated. It is found that the increase of Fe content leads to a notable rise in the volume fraction of microscale secondary phases, including (Cu, Fe, Mn, Cr)Al₇, σ phase (composed of Al, Zn, Mg, and Cu elements), and Al₃(Zr, Ti). The formation of these secondary phases results in the depletion of certain phase-forming elements, thereby significantly reducing the quantity of strengthening phases. Fe imposes minimal impact on tensile strength, but it can significantly alter the elongation (δ). For instance, the average elongation of the alloy with 0.18 wt.% Fe (δ=4.5%) is less than half that of the alloy with Fe less than 0.1 wt.% (δ=9.9%-10.9%). The reduction in elongation is attributed to the combined effects of the formation of coarse secondary phases and the diminished quantity of strengthening phases around these coarse phases.

研究了Fe含量对Al-10.50Zn-2.35Mg-1.25Cu-0.12Cr-0.1Mn-0.1Zr-0.1Ti超高强铝合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着Fe含量的增加，微观二次相（Cu、Fe、Mn、Cr）Al7、σ相（Al、Zn、Mg、Cu元素组成）和Al3（Zr、Ti）的体积分数显著增加。这些次生相的形成导致某些相形成元素的消耗，从而大大减少了强化相的数量。铁对拉伸强度的影响很小，但对伸长率（δ）的影响很大。例如，含铁0.18 wt.% （δ=4.5%）合金的平均伸长率不到含铁0.1 wt.% （δ=9.9% ~ 10.9%）合金的一半。伸长率的降低是由于粗次生相的形成和这些粗相周围强化相数量的减少共同作用的结果。

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引用次数: 0

MIL-100(Fe) decorated TiO2 for robust hydrogen storage in magnesium hydride MIL-100（Fe）修饰TiO2在氢化镁中的储氢性能

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66891-9

Ren ZHOU , Li WANG , Tao ZHONG , Shuai LI , Dong-qiang GAO , Fu-ying WU , Liu-ting ZHANG

To modify the stable thermodynamics and poor kinetics of magnesium hydride (MgH₂) for solid-state hydrogen storage, MIL-100(Fe) was in situ fabricated on the surfaces of TiO₂ nano-sheets (NS) by a self-assembly method, and the prepared TiO₂ NS@MIL-100(Fe) presents an excellent catalytic effect on MgH₂. The MgH₂+7wt.%TiO₂ NS@MIL-100(Fe) composite can release hydrogen at 200 °C, achieving a decrease of 150 °C compared to pure MgH₂. Besides, the activation energy of dehydrogenation is decreased to 70.62 kJ/mol and 4 wt.% H₂ can be desorbed within 20 min at a low temperature of 235 °C. Under conditions of 100 °C and 3 MPa, MgH₂+7wt.%TiO₂ NS@MIL-100(Fe) absorbs 5 wt.% of H₂ in 10 min. Surprisingly, 6.62 wt.% reversible capacity is maintained after 50 cycles. The modification mechanism is confirmed that the presence of oxygen vacancies and the synergistic effect of multivalent titanium in TiO₂ NS@MIL-100(Fe) greatly enhance the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of MgH₂.

为了改善氢化镁（MgH2）固态储氢热力学稳定、动力学差的缺点，采用自组装方法在TiO2纳米片（NS）表面原位制备MIL-100(Fe)，制备的TiO2 NS@MIL-100（Fe）对MgH2表现出优异的催化作用。MgH2 + 7 wt。%TiO2 NS@MIL-100（Fe）复合材料可以在200℃时释放氢气，与纯MgH2相比降低了150℃。在235℃的低温条件下，脱氢活化能降低到70.62 kJ/mol，在20 min内可脱氢4 wt %。在100℃和3mpa条件下，MgH2+7wt。%TiO2 NS@MIL-100（Fe）在10min内吸附5wt .%的H2。令人惊讶的是，在50次循环后，可逆容量保持在6.62 wt.%。改性机理证实了TiO2 NS@MIL-100（Fe）中氧空位的存在和多价钛的协同作用极大地增强了MgH2的动力学和热力学性能。

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Zr-2.5Nb alloy prepared by laser powder bed fusion 激光粉末床熔合法制备Zr-2.5Nb合金的组织、力学性能及腐蚀行为

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66887-7

Yun-lei HUANG , Vyacheslav TROFIMOV , Feng LIU , Ming YAN , Jie ZHAN , Hui-xia LI , Da ZENG , Yong-qiang YANG , Chang-hui SONG

This study devoted to optimize the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) parameters for the preparation of Zr-2.5Nb alloys, and was focused on power of incident laser beam and its scanning speed. The microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of samples prepared at different laser powers were investigated. The results show that high quality samples were obtained with the relative densityover 99%, ultimate tensile strength of 980 MPa, and the elongation at fracture of 14.18%. At a scanning speed of 1400 mm/s, with increasing laser power from 120 to 180 W, two transformation processes: α’ martensite coarsening and transition from an acicular into a zigzag structure (β→α’/α→α+β) occurred. Densification and α’ martensite transition improved ductility and corrosion resistance at optimal value of the laser power while lower or higher laser power resulted in decreasing the ductility and corrosion resistance because of unfused particles and pores. Increasing β-Zr amount and size decreased the tensile strength due to the dislocation movement. Passive films, which were spontaneously formed at different laser powers, possessed an optimum corrosion resistance at the laser power of 160 W.

研究了激光粉末床熔合制备Zr-2.5Nb合金的工艺参数，重点研究了入射激光束功率和扫描速度。研究了不同激光功率下制备样品的显微组织、力学性能和腐蚀性能。结果表明：获得了相对密度大于99%、极限抗拉强度为980 MPa、断裂伸长率为14.18%的优质试样。当扫描速度为1400 mm/s，激光功率从120 W增加到180 W时，发生了α′马氏体粗化和由针状向锯齿状（β→α′/α→α+β）结构转变的两个转变过程。当激光功率达到最佳值时，致密化和α′马氏体转变提高了合金的塑性和耐蚀性，而较低或较高的激光功率由于未融合的颗粒和气孔导致合金的塑性和耐蚀性降低。随着β-Zr用量和尺寸的增加，由于位错的移动，拉伸强度降低。在不同激光功率下自发形成的钝化膜，在激光功率为160 W时具有最佳的耐腐蚀性能。

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引用次数: 0

Influencing mechanism of laser specific energy on tribological properties of high performanceTi-Al/WCcompositecoating 激光比能量对高性能ti - al / wco复合涂层摩擦学性能的影响机理

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66886-5

Xin-meng SUI , Yi-tao WENG , Jian LU , Lin ZHANG , Wei-ping ZHANG

Laser specific energy significantly impacts the quality of composite coatings. Ti-Al/WCcoatings were prepared on the TC21 alloy through laser cladding with specific energy ranging from 66.7 to 133.3 J/mm². The results indicate that the composite coatings primarily comprised Ti₂AlC, α₂-Ti₃Al, γ-TiAl, TiC, and W phases. A gradual increase in the relative intensity of the diffraction peaks of Ti₂AlC, α₂-Ti₃Al, and TiCappeared with the increase of specific energy. When the specific energy was 116.7 J/mm^b the Ti-Al/WC coated alloy achieved a maximum micro- hardness of HV_0.2 766.3, which represented an increase of 1.96 times compared with TC21 alloy, and the minimum wear rate decreased dramatically. Much improvement in tribological properties was attained through the fine-grained strengthening of the (α₂+γ) matrix and the dispersion strengthening of self-lubricating Ti₂AlC and intertwining TiC. This study provides valuable insights for the development of high-performance Ti-Al composite coatings.

激光比能对复合涂层的质量有重要影响。采用激光熔覆的方法在TC21合金表面制备了Ti-Al/ wcu涂层，其比能范围为66.7 ~ 133.3 J/mm2。结果表明，复合镀层主要由Ti2AlC、α2-Ti3Al、γ-TiAl、TiC和W相组成。随着比能的增大，Ti2AlC、α2-Ti3Al和tic衍射峰的相对强度逐渐增大。当比能为116.7 J/mmb时，Ti-Al/WC涂层合金的最大显微硬度为HV0.2 766.3，比TC21合金提高了1.96倍，最小磨损率显著降低。通过（α2+γ）基体的细晶强化和自润滑Ti2AlC和缠结TiC的弥散强化，提高了摩擦磨损性能。该研究为高性能钛铝复合涂层的发展提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Erosion and diffusion kinetics of PbTe in selenium melts PbTe在硒熔体中的侵蚀和扩散动力学

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66896-8

Lang LIU , Ji-lin HE , Xian-jun LEI , Huan LUO , Guo-zheng ZHA , Ru-yi JI , Wen-long JIANG , Bin YANG , Bao-qiang XU

The erosion process and kinetics of PbTe particles in a selenium melt were investigated. The results reveal that the limiting step of the reaction is controlled by product layer diffusion and the interfacial chemical reaction at low temperatures (573, 583, and 593 K), but the limiting step is controlled by boundary layer diffusion at high temperatures (603 and 613 K). The Se- and Te-atom diffusion in the product layer becomes unbalanced as the product layer thickens, with Kirkendall voids generating in the product layer accelerating PbTe particle erosion. After the PbTe impurities in the selenium melt evolve into PbSe and Te, Teis evenly distributed in the selenium melt owing to the solubility of Se and Te. This study serves to clarify the evolution behavior of PbTe impurities in the selenium melt and the reason that Te often occurs in Se.

研究了PbTe颗粒在硒熔体中的侵蚀过程和动力学。结果表明：低温（573,583和593 K）反应的极限步由产物层扩散和界面化学反应控制，高温（603和613 K）反应的极限步由边界层扩散控制。随着产物层厚度的增加，Se和te原子在产物层中的扩散变得不平衡，产物层中产生的Kirkendall空洞加速了PbTe粒子的侵蚀。硒熔体中的PbTe杂质演化为PbSe和Te后，由于Se和Te的溶解度，Te在硒熔体中均匀分布。本研究旨在阐明PbTe杂质在硒熔体中的演化行为，以及Te经常出现在Se中的原因。

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect of Er and Si on corrosion resistance of peak-aged AlZnMgCu alloy Er和Si对峰时效AlZnMgCu合金耐蚀性的协同效应

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66875-0

Shang-shang LIANG , Sheng-ping WEN , Ke-hong GUO , Bao-sheng LIU , Yong HU , Wu WEI , Xiao-lan WU , Hui HUANG , Kun-yuan GAO , Xiang-yuan XIONG , Zuo-ren NIE

The corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of peak-aged AlZnMgCu alloys containing Si and Er elements were investigated with hardness test, tensile test, intergranular corrosion test, exfoliation corrosion test and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that peak-aged AlZnMgCuSiEr alloy is strengthened by co-precipitation of η′ phases and nano-sized GPB-II zones. The yield strength of the AlZnMgCu alloy is increased by 38.5 MPa and the elongation is increased by 4.5%. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of the AlZnMgCuSiEr alloy is enhanced due to the synergistic effect of Er and Si. The maximum intergranular corrosion (IGC) depth decreases from 264.2 to 9.9 μm. The fundamental reason is that the co-addition of Si and Er regulates the evolution of precipitated phases in grains and at grain boundaries.

采用硬度试验、拉伸试验、晶间腐蚀试验、剥落腐蚀试验和透射电镜等研究了含Si、Er元素的峰时效AlZnMgCu合金的耐蚀性能和力学性能。结果表明，η′相的共析出和纳米级GPB-II区共同强化了AlZnMgCuSiEr合金的峰时效。AlZnMgCu合金的屈服强度提高38.5 MPa，伸长率提高4.5%。同时，由于Er和Si的协同作用，增强了AlZnMgCuSiEr合金的耐蚀性。最大晶间腐蚀深度由264.2 μm减小到9.9 μm。其根本原因是Si和Er的共添加调节了晶粒内和晶界析出相的演化。

引用次数: 0

Creep behavior and microstructure evolution of TiAl alloys synergisticallymicro-alloyed with C and Y2O3 at different temperatures C和Y2O3协同微合金化TiAl合金在不同温度下的蠕变行为及显微组织演变

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66882-8

Zhen-quan LIANG , Shu-long XIAO , Ye TIAN , Yun-fei ZHENG , Ying-fei GUO , Li-juan XU , Xiang XUE , Jing TIAN

The microstructure and creep behavior of C/Y₂O₃synergistically micro-alloyed high-Al and low-Al TiAl alloys prepared by induction skull melting (ISM) technology were investigated by advanced electron microscopy. Microstructure analysis shows that Y₂O₃ particles are dispersed in both alloys; element C is dissolved in low-Al alloys as solid solution, while it exists as Ti₂AlC particles within lamellae in high-Al alloys. Additionally, high-density nanotwins are generated in high-Al alloys. Creep data show that C/Y₂O₃ micro-alloying significantly enhances creep resistance of TiAl alloys. This benefits from the dispersion strengthening of Y₂O₃ particles, precipitation hardening of dynamically precipitated Ti₃AlC particles and lamellar stabilization caused by dissolved C atoms or Ti₂AlC particles. This strategy causes a more significant improvement on creep resistance of high-Al TiAl alloys, which is attributed to extra twin strengthening effect. At 775-850 °C, these alloys fracture in mixed ductile-brittle mode, but the fracture characteristics change with the increase of temperature.

采用先进的电子显微镜研究了感应颅骨熔炼（ISM）技术制备的C/ y2o3协同微合金化高铝和低铝TiAl合金的显微组织和蠕变行为。显微组织分析表明，两种合金中均有分散的Y2O3颗粒；C元素在低al合金中以固溶体的形式存在，而在高al合金中以Ti2AlC颗粒的形式存在。此外，在高铝合金中产生高密度纳米孪晶。蠕变数据表明，C/Y2O3微合金化显著提高了TiAl合金的抗蠕变性能。这得益于Y2O3颗粒的弥散强化、动态析出Ti3AlC颗粒的析出硬化以及溶解的C原子或Ti2AlC颗粒引起的层状稳定。这种策略使高al TiAl合金的抗蠕变性能得到了更显著的提高，这是由于额外的孪晶强化效应。在775 ~ 850℃时，合金呈韧脆混合断裂，但断裂特征随温度的升高而变化。

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引用次数: 0

Compressive mechanical behavior and microstructure evolution of Ti-5.7Al-2.9Nb-1.8Fe-1.6Mo-1.5V-1Zr alloy under extreme conditions Ti-5.7Al-2.9Nb-1.8Fe-1.6Mo-1.5V-1Zr合金在极端条件下的压缩力学行为及组织演变

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66883-X

Wen-fei PENG , Chao-qi DONG , Qiao-dong HUANG , Xiao-feng WANG , Oleksandr MOLIAR

Compressive mechanical behavior and microstructure evolution of Ti-5.7Al-2.9Nb-1.8Fe-1.6Mo-1.5V-1Zr alloy under extreme conditions were systematically investigated. The results show that strain rate and temperature have a significant influence on the mechanical behavior and microstructure. The alloy exhibits a positive strain rate sensitivity and negative temperature sensitivity under all temperature and strain rate conditions. The hot- rolled alloy is composed of a bimodal structure including an equiaxed primary α_p phase and a transformed β phase. After compression deformation, the bimodal deformed structural features highly rely on the temperature and strain rate. At low temperature and room temperature, the volume fraction and size of α_p phase decrease with increasing temperature and strain rate. At high temperature, the volume fraction of the α phase is inversely correlated with temperature. A modified Johnson-Cook constitutive model is established, and the predicted results coincide well with the experimental results.

系统研究了Ti-5.7Al-2.9Nb-1.8Fe-1.6Mo-1.5V-1Zr合金在极端条件下的压缩力学行为和显微组织演变。结果表明，应变速率和温度对合金的力学行为和显微组织有显著影响。该合金在所有温度和应变率条件下均表现为正应变率灵敏度和负温度灵敏度。热轧合金由双峰组织组成，包括一个等轴初生αp相和一个转变的β相。压缩变形后的双峰变形结构特征高度依赖于温度和应变速率。在低温和室温下，αp相的体积分数和尺寸随温度和应变速率的升高而减小。在高温下，α相的体积分数与温度成反比。建立了改进的Johnson-Cook本构模型，预测结果与实验结果吻合较好。

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