Pub Date : 2021-11-10DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.2005065
Chrysanthos Stergiopoulos, Fotios Tsopelas, K. Valko, M. Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou
Abstract The potential of biomimetic chromatography to predict ecotoxicological endpoints of pharmaceutical compounds was investigated. For this purpose, a data set of previously and newly measured chromatographic retention data for 36 structurally diverse drugs was used. Standardized retention times were measured on the immobilized artificial membrane, human serum albumin, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein stationary phases. As ecotoxicological endpoints, half-maximal lethal concentration values of fish and half-maximal effective concentration (immobilization) values of a water flea (Daphnia magna spp.) determined with a two-day static method were considered. Ecotoxicity values correlated with octanol-water partitioning and the positive charge of compounds contributed even more to the toxicity. Models based on membrane partition exhibited the best statistics and predictive performance, attributed to lipophilicity and membrane electrostatic interactions. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein binding led to satisfactory models, owing to its function as a binder of neutral and basic lipophilic compounds. Albumin binding, however, did not result in sound models, as it is governed by lipophilicity and the negative charge of compounds, contrary to the mechanism of toxicity. Both membrane and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein models were superior statistically from those derived from the octanol-water system. Overall, membrane and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein retention can be suggested as promising indices to assess the ecotoxicological risk of drugs. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"The use of biomimetic chromatography to predict acute aquatic toxicity of pharmaceutical compounds","authors":"Chrysanthos Stergiopoulos, Fotios Tsopelas, K. Valko, M. Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.2005065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.2005065","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The potential of biomimetic chromatography to predict ecotoxicological endpoints of pharmaceutical compounds was investigated. For this purpose, a data set of previously and newly measured chromatographic retention data for 36 structurally diverse drugs was used. Standardized retention times were measured on the immobilized artificial membrane, human serum albumin, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein stationary phases. As ecotoxicological endpoints, half-maximal lethal concentration values of fish and half-maximal effective concentration (immobilization) values of a water flea (Daphnia magna spp.) determined with a two-day static method were considered. Ecotoxicity values correlated with octanol-water partitioning and the positive charge of compounds contributed even more to the toxicity. Models based on membrane partition exhibited the best statistics and predictive performance, attributed to lipophilicity and membrane electrostatic interactions. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein binding led to satisfactory models, owing to its function as a binder of neutral and basic lipophilic compounds. Albumin binding, however, did not result in sound models, as it is governed by lipophilicity and the negative charge of compounds, contrary to the mechanism of toxicity. Both membrane and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein models were superior statistically from those derived from the octanol-water system. Overall, membrane and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein retention can be suggested as promising indices to assess the ecotoxicological risk of drugs. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"57 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90923023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1996577
Sachin V. Suryavanshi, Yogesh A. Kulkarni
Abstract Escin has effects on inflammation and is useful for the treatment of varicose veins and cancer. Scientific reports on the toxicity profile of escin are not available. Oral acute toxicity in rats was studied. At 2000 mg/kg, escin was lethal to all animals while at 300 mg/kg no signs of toxicity, changes in body weight, food and water consumption were observed within 14 days. A 28-days oral toxicity study was performed at daily doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of escin. Bodyweight, food, and water intake were not altered. There were neither significant changes in biochemical and hematological parameters nor any histopathological changes in organs after treatment with escin for 28 days. Escin was found to be safe at all selected dose levels in a repeated dose toxicity study.
{"title":"Toxicity of escin-triterpene saponins from Aesculus","authors":"Sachin V. Suryavanshi, Yogesh A. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1996577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1996577","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Escin has effects on inflammation and is useful for the treatment of varicose veins and cancer. Scientific reports on the toxicity profile of escin are not available. Oral acute toxicity in rats was studied. At 2000 mg/kg, escin was lethal to all animals while at 300 mg/kg no signs of toxicity, changes in body weight, food and water consumption were observed within 14 days. A 28-days oral toxicity study was performed at daily doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of escin. Bodyweight, food, and water intake were not altered. There were neither significant changes in biochemical and hematological parameters nor any histopathological changes in organs after treatment with escin for 28 days. Escin was found to be safe at all selected dose levels in a repeated dose toxicity study.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"141 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89421130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-10DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1991929
A. Hermsen, D. Lamers, Justus Schoettl, C. Mayer, M. Jaeger
Abstract Neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid are used in agriculture worldwide. Due to their hazardous potential, their occurrence is monitored. For pesticide identification in environmental samples, the major tool, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, is not fit for field monitoring due to instrument size and technical requirements. To overcome this disadvantage, a method for fast on-site identification of imidacloprid was developed using a handheld Raman spectrometer and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. As enhancing agents, gold nanoparticles in solution and on textile support were compared for easy, fast and sensitive monitoring. Agglomeration of nanoparticles led to further signal enhancement. Several agglomeration reagents, filter paper and non-woven polylactide as substrates were tested for optimum enhancement. Addition of hydrochloric acid provided best amplification of imidacloprid signals in solution, while PLA as solid support yielded best sensitivity. Both the solution and solid support methods were estimated to be sufficiently sensitive for fieldable pesticide identification, which may precede standard laboratory analysis. Based on spectral analysis, a proposal for the imidacloprid-gold surface geometry was derived.
{"title":"In-field detection method for imidacloprid by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy","authors":"A. Hermsen, D. Lamers, Justus Schoettl, C. Mayer, M. Jaeger","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1991929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1991929","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid are used in agriculture worldwide. Due to their hazardous potential, their occurrence is monitored. For pesticide identification in environmental samples, the major tool, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, is not fit for field monitoring due to instrument size and technical requirements. To overcome this disadvantage, a method for fast on-site identification of imidacloprid was developed using a handheld Raman spectrometer and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. As enhancing agents, gold nanoparticles in solution and on textile support were compared for easy, fast and sensitive monitoring. Agglomeration of nanoparticles led to further signal enhancement. Several agglomeration reagents, filter paper and non-woven polylactide as substrates were tested for optimum enhancement. Addition of hydrochloric acid provided best amplification of imidacloprid signals in solution, while PLA as solid support yielded best sensitivity. Both the solution and solid support methods were estimated to be sufficiently sensitive for fieldable pesticide identification, which may precede standard laboratory analysis. Based on spectral analysis, a proposal for the imidacloprid-gold surface geometry was derived.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"290 1","pages":"36 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73289868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1926463
Gulen Oytun Akalin
Abstract Nanoparticles are used for several commercial applications, especially medical applications, energy-based research, and environmental applications. The usage of nanoparticles is increasing worldwide due to their unique properties, so all livings are exposed to these materials deliberately or unknowingly. The toxic nanoparticles disrupt the ecological balance of environment. The accumulation, surface area, particle size or shape of nanoparticles, exposure route, exposure time and dissolution contribute to the toxicity. The production of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles has expanded speedily in the last years so; it is important to know the risks that may be caused by their toxicological risks in ecosystems. This review emphasizes the environmental fate of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles. The environmental fate relates to their shapes, sizes, and physicochemical properties. The updated information on the toxicity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles to aquatic organisms is given. Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles penetrate directly or indirectly into the organs of aquatic organisms through skin absorption, and/or nutrition. After the exposure, protein denaturation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, oxidative stress, generation of reactive oxygen species, hemolysis, and even cell death occurs in aquatic organisms. This review may assist in interdisciplinary studies to evaluate potential toxicity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems.
{"title":"Interaction of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles with aquatic organisms: uptake, accumulation, and toxicity","authors":"Gulen Oytun Akalin","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1926463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1926463","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanoparticles are used for several commercial applications, especially medical applications, energy-based research, and environmental applications. The usage of nanoparticles is increasing worldwide due to their unique properties, so all livings are exposed to these materials deliberately or unknowingly. The toxic nanoparticles disrupt the ecological balance of environment. The accumulation, surface area, particle size or shape of nanoparticles, exposure route, exposure time and dissolution contribute to the toxicity. The production of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles has expanded speedily in the last years so; it is important to know the risks that may be caused by their toxicological risks in ecosystems. This review emphasizes the environmental fate of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles. The environmental fate relates to their shapes, sizes, and physicochemical properties. The updated information on the toxicity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles to aquatic organisms is given. Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles penetrate directly or indirectly into the organs of aquatic organisms through skin absorption, and/or nutrition. After the exposure, protein denaturation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, oxidative stress, generation of reactive oxygen species, hemolysis, and even cell death occurs in aquatic organisms. This review may assist in interdisciplinary studies to evaluate potential toxicity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":"342 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89011998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2045990
P. Aungkavattana, Ramjitti Indaraprasirt, J. Papan, W. Thongkam, G. Karlaganis
Abstract Since 2006, the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management is a policy framework to promote chemical safety around the world. In 2009, safety of nanomaterials has been recognised as an Emerging Policy Issue, and awareness to it has improved in the last two decades. Various countries act as pioneers in their respective geographic regions. This article presents the Nanosafety and Ethics Strategic Plan of Thailand and its implementation since 2012, when on the third International Conference on Chemicals Management nanosafety was amended as emerging policy issue. In 2015, an intersessional process was started to negotiate a new post-2020 regime. This process was delayed by the Covid-19 pandemic, so many countries have not yet implemented nanosafety in their national legislations. Therefore, it is important to keep nanosafety in the post-2020 context of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management as an issue of concern without going a second time through an elaborate evaluation process again.
{"title":"The nanosafety and ethics strategic plan of Thailand in the context of the strategic approach to international chemicals management","authors":"P. Aungkavattana, Ramjitti Indaraprasirt, J. Papan, W. Thongkam, G. Karlaganis","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2045990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2045990","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since 2006, the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management is a policy framework to promote chemical safety around the world. In 2009, safety of nanomaterials has been recognised as an Emerging Policy Issue, and awareness to it has improved in the last two decades. Various countries act as pioneers in their respective geographic regions. This article presents the Nanosafety and Ethics Strategic Plan of Thailand and its implementation since 2012, when on the third International Conference on Chemicals Management nanosafety was amended as emerging policy issue. In 2015, an intersessional process was started to negotiate a new post-2020 regime. This process was delayed by the Covid-19 pandemic, so many countries have not yet implemented nanosafety in their national legislations. Therefore, it is important to keep nanosafety in the post-2020 context of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management as an issue of concern without going a second time through an elaborate evaluation process again.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"38 1","pages":"438 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90878252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1999453
Z. Xue, F. Y. Li, C. Yu, J. F. Huang, F. Tao, Z. Cai, L. Pei
Abstract Hexahydroxy strontium stannate nanorods were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route and characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The nanorods with single crystalline hexagonal SrSn(OH)6 phase have lengths of several μm and diameters of 50–150 nm. The formation process was investigated by observing the evolution of the morphology and structure under different conditions. The band gap is 3.76 eV. The photocatalytic performance of the nanorods was evaluated under ultraviolet light irradiation with crystal violet in aqueous solution which can be entirely photo-degraded within 6 hours. Anti-interference experiments showed that hydroxyl radicals, holes, and superoxide radicals are involved in the sdegradation of crystal violet.
{"title":"Synthesis of hexahydroxy strontium stannate nanorods for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants","authors":"Z. Xue, F. Y. Li, C. Yu, J. F. Huang, F. Tao, Z. Cai, L. Pei","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1999453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1999453","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hexahydroxy strontium stannate nanorods were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route and characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The nanorods with single crystalline hexagonal SrSn(OH)6 phase have lengths of several μm and diameters of 50–150 nm. The formation process was investigated by observing the evolution of the morphology and structure under different conditions. The band gap is 3.76 eV. The photocatalytic performance of the nanorods was evaluated under ultraviolet light irradiation with crystal violet in aqueous solution which can be entirely photo-degraded within 6 hours. Anti-interference experiments showed that hydroxyl radicals, holes, and superoxide radicals are involved in the sdegradation of crystal violet.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"84 1","pages":"326 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83257713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1957471
B. Rothen‐Rutishauser, M. Bogdanovich, Rayna Harter, A. Milosevic, A. Petri‐Fink
Abstract In food industry, nanotechnology has been an attractive technology that can revolutionize the food sector ranging from food processing to food packaging, safety, and finally, shelf-life extension. Herein, the consumer perception of nanoparticles’ use in the food industry is a determining factor in their successful implementation and commercialization. The European Union (EU) Commission and the Federal Office of Public Health in Switzerland made it mandatory for food producers to provide transparent information on the ingredients, including synthetic nanoparticle content. Therefore, it is imperative to determine the current state of the public’s perception and opinion on the use of nanoparticles in the food industry. In this report, an overview of current legislations is given. In addition, health risk concerns and public opinion are critically discussed with a focus on information gained by a small convenience survey in the French-speaking part of Switzerland.
{"title":"Use of nanoparticles in food industry: current legislation, health risk discussions and public perception with a focus on Switzerland","authors":"B. Rothen‐Rutishauser, M. Bogdanovich, Rayna Harter, A. Milosevic, A. Petri‐Fink","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1957471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1957471","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In food industry, nanotechnology has been an attractive technology that can revolutionize the food sector ranging from food processing to food packaging, safety, and finally, shelf-life extension. Herein, the consumer perception of nanoparticles’ use in the food industry is a determining factor in their successful implementation and commercialization. The European Union (EU) Commission and the Federal Office of Public Health in Switzerland made it mandatory for food producers to provide transparent information on the ingredients, including synthetic nanoparticle content. Therefore, it is imperative to determine the current state of the public’s perception and opinion on the use of nanoparticles in the food industry. In this report, an overview of current legislations is given. In addition, health risk concerns and public opinion are critically discussed with a focus on information gained by a small convenience survey in the French-speaking part of Switzerland.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"49 1","pages":"423 - 437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88474441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1941021
Samar Sakr, V. Steenkamp
Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles are incorporated into cosmetics and sunscreens and are widely used in biomedical applications and the food industry. The increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles raises concerns about their safety. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on oxidative and genotoxic parameters in the thyroid gland and liver of adult albino rats. Rats were divided into three groups; control, vehicle, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (200 mg/kg) and were subjected to treatment for 30 days. Oxidative stress parameters and genotoxicity were determined. Histopathological examination of both organs was undertaken. A significant reduction in triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone was noted, whereas aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly elevated. Increased malondialdehyde and decreased reduced glutathione levels were indicative of oxidative stress response in both organs. Additionally, elevated serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was noted which was supported by the results of the comet assay. Histopathological examination revealed alterations in the thyroid gland and liver. Sub-chronic exposure resulted in oxidative stress-mediated toxicity and genetic perturbations in both organs. Caution is warranted with repeated usage of products containing zinc oxide nanoparticles.
{"title":"Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and histopathological toxicity in the thyroid gland and liver of rats","authors":"Samar Sakr, V. Steenkamp","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1941021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1941021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles are incorporated into cosmetics and sunscreens and are widely used in biomedical applications and the food industry. The increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles raises concerns about their safety. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on oxidative and genotoxic parameters in the thyroid gland and liver of adult albino rats. Rats were divided into three groups; control, vehicle, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (200 mg/kg) and were subjected to treatment for 30 days. Oxidative stress parameters and genotoxicity were determined. Histopathological examination of both organs was undertaken. A significant reduction in triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone was noted, whereas aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly elevated. Increased malondialdehyde and decreased reduced glutathione levels were indicative of oxidative stress response in both organs. Additionally, elevated serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was noted which was supported by the results of the comet assay. Histopathological examination revealed alterations in the thyroid gland and liver. Sub-chronic exposure resulted in oxidative stress-mediated toxicity and genetic perturbations in both organs. Caution is warranted with repeated usage of products containing zinc oxide nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"27 1","pages":"399 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81332551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1932888
H. M. Alayan, M. Aljumaily, M. Alsaadi, F. Mjalli, M. Hashim
Abstract Compared to other existing carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are recognized for their significant properties. Despite their strong adsorption affinity, the difficulty of their dispersion and separation leads to limit their application in practical water treatment. Moreover, wastewater contamination by noxious organics, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and methylene blue (MB) dye compounds has become a world-wide environmental concern because they may be harmful to humans’ health and the ecosystem. Therefore, this article aims to explore the potential of economically directly growing CNTs on porous supports, such as the powder activated carbon (AC) to develop a multiscale hybridized material and to investigate their expected potential as viable adsorbents for removing persistent organic contaminants.
{"title":"A review exploring the adsorptive removal of organic micropollutants on tailored hierarchical carbon nanotubes","authors":"H. M. Alayan, M. Aljumaily, M. Alsaadi, F. Mjalli, M. Hashim","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1932888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1932888","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Compared to other existing carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are recognized for their significant properties. Despite their strong adsorption affinity, the difficulty of their dispersion and separation leads to limit their application in practical water treatment. Moreover, wastewater contamination by noxious organics, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and methylene blue (MB) dye compounds has become a world-wide environmental concern because they may be harmful to humans’ health and the ecosystem. Therefore, this article aims to explore the potential of economically directly growing CNTs on porous supports, such as the powder activated carbon (AC) to develop a multiscale hybridized material and to investigate their expected potential as viable adsorbents for removing persistent organic contaminants.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"32 1","pages":"282 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75715314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2021.1923714
Z. G. Doğaroğlu, Fatma Ece, B. Çiftci, S. Yildirimcan, S. Erat
Abstract Phytotoxicological evaluation of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) is important to determine the possible effects on ecosystems. Although bulk Zn2+ ions can be used by plants as an essential micronutrient, it has many adverse effects on living organisms in nano-size. In this study, the growth, the development, and the stress effects of ZnO and Ni-doped (5%) ZnO NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum – İkizce 96) were comparatively evaluated. In the growth and development experiments seed germination rate, root-shoot elongation, seedling vigor, plant height, and chlorophyll content in plants were determined, and the plant stress was evaluated depending on superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. It was observed that the height of the plants was decreased with increasing the NPs treatments. The seed germination and chlorophyll content were affected by neither the pure ZnO nor Ni-doped ZnO NPs. The effects of ZnO were more pronounced on superoxide dismutase while Ni:ZnO on CAT, and APX.
{"title":"Evaluation of stress factor on wheat (Triticum aestivum): the effect of ZnO and Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles","authors":"Z. G. Doğaroğlu, Fatma Ece, B. Çiftci, S. Yildirimcan, S. Erat","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2021.1923714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1923714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Phytotoxicological evaluation of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) is important to determine the possible effects on ecosystems. Although bulk Zn2+ ions can be used by plants as an essential micronutrient, it has many adverse effects on living organisms in nano-size. In this study, the growth, the development, and the stress effects of ZnO and Ni-doped (5%) ZnO NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum – İkizce 96) were comparatively evaluated. In the growth and development experiments seed germination rate, root-shoot elongation, seedling vigor, plant height, and chlorophyll content in plants were determined, and the plant stress was evaluated depending on superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. It was observed that the height of the plants was decreased with increasing the NPs treatments. The seed germination and chlorophyll content were affected by neither the pure ZnO nor Ni-doped ZnO NPs. The effects of ZnO were more pronounced on superoxide dismutase while Ni:ZnO on CAT, and APX.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"85 1","pages":"382 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85481993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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