Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291
Milica Lučić, M. Momčilović, J. Marković, M. Jović, I. Smičiklas, A. Onjia
Abstract The human health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) in fifty regular and slim cigarette brands available in the Serbian market were evaluated. Distributions on per-cigarette basis concentrations of these metals, as determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, were used as inputs in the probabilistic risk assessment. The contents of these metals in cigarettes varied significantly. Larger quantities of the studied metals were observed in regular cigarettes than in slim cigarettes, but the concentration levels per cigarette tobacco mass were higher in slim cigarettes. The metal concentrations in counterfeit cigarettes were marginally higher than those in authentic brands. Based on the mean concentrations, Pb was the most abundant toxic metal, followed by Ni and Cd. The calculated values of the cumulative hazard index (HI) and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) indicated a low noncarcinogenic risk and low but not negligible carcinogenic risk from Cd, Pb, and Ni. The mean HI and ILCR values obtained using probabilistic and deterministic approaches were similar. A Monte Carlo simulation was employed to minimize the uncertainty of health risk estimation. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the most influential factor was cigarette mass followed by Cd content.
{"title":"Monte Carlo simulation of health risk from cadmium, lead, and nickel in cigarettes","authors":"Milica Lučić, M. Momčilović, J. Marković, M. Jović, I. Smičiklas, A. Onjia","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The human health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) in fifty regular and slim cigarette brands available in the Serbian market were evaluated. Distributions on per-cigarette basis concentrations of these metals, as determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, were used as inputs in the probabilistic risk assessment. The contents of these metals in cigarettes varied significantly. Larger quantities of the studied metals were observed in regular cigarettes than in slim cigarettes, but the concentration levels per cigarette tobacco mass were higher in slim cigarettes. The metal concentrations in counterfeit cigarettes were marginally higher than those in authentic brands. Based on the mean concentrations, Pb was the most abundant toxic metal, followed by Ni and Cd. The calculated values of the cumulative hazard index (HI) and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) indicated a low noncarcinogenic risk and low but not negligible carcinogenic risk from Cd, Pb, and Ni. The mean HI and ILCR values obtained using probabilistic and deterministic approaches were similar. A Monte Carlo simulation was employed to minimize the uncertainty of health risk estimation. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the most influential factor was cigarette mass followed by Cd content.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":"92 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87271194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2023.2168005
M. Voigt, Victoria Langerbein, Jean-Michel Dluziak, Nils Wellen, M. Jaeger
Abstract The fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin occurs worldwide in the aquatic environment and has therefore been listed on the 3rd European union watchlist for monitoring. To eliminate sewage and wastewater treatment plants as entry pathways, advanced oxidation processes have been intensely researched. Hence, photolysis at different pH ranges was studied for its capacity to eradicate ciprofloxacin. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to identify the degradation products and to monitor all compounds. Ecotoxicity was assessed using quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis comprising the Ecological Structure Activity Relationships tool. Two degradation mechanisms were found active: the direct mechanism, i.e. degradation through ultraviolet absorption by the substance, and the indirect mechanism caused by hydroxyl radicals from water photolysis. The radical scavenger tert-butanol and pH variations revealed that the indirect mechanism predominated in general. The direct photo-induced degradation proceeded about 10 times slower. Products could be attributed to the mechanisms. Based on their chemical structures, all identified products were predicted less toxic by quantitative structure-activity relationship than ciprofloxacin. Mechanistic insight suggested that photo-induced advanced oxidation processes proved efficient for ciprofloxacin elimination when generating hydroxyl radicals. Compounds and pH range hampering their occurrence diminish the efficacy of elimination.
{"title":"The role of the direct and indirect mechanism in the advanced oxidation process induced degradation of ciprofloxacin","authors":"M. Voigt, Victoria Langerbein, Jean-Michel Dluziak, Nils Wellen, M. Jaeger","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2023.2168005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2023.2168005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin occurs worldwide in the aquatic environment and has therefore been listed on the 3rd European union watchlist for monitoring. To eliminate sewage and wastewater treatment plants as entry pathways, advanced oxidation processes have been intensely researched. Hence, photolysis at different pH ranges was studied for its capacity to eradicate ciprofloxacin. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to identify the degradation products and to monitor all compounds. Ecotoxicity was assessed using quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis comprising the Ecological Structure Activity Relationships tool. Two degradation mechanisms were found active: the direct mechanism, i.e. degradation through ultraviolet absorption by the substance, and the indirect mechanism caused by hydroxyl radicals from water photolysis. The radical scavenger tert-butanol and pH variations revealed that the indirect mechanism predominated in general. The direct photo-induced degradation proceeded about 10 times slower. Products could be attributed to the mechanisms. Based on their chemical structures, all identified products were predicted less toxic by quantitative structure-activity relationship than ciprofloxacin. Mechanistic insight suggested that photo-induced advanced oxidation processes proved efficient for ciprofloxacin elimination when generating hydroxyl radicals. Compounds and pH range hampering their occurrence diminish the efficacy of elimination.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85882719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2160452
Jianyong Zhang, Jingyi Sun, Na Sun, Jinying Huang, Xiaowang Tang, Xuepeng Wang, Na Liu, Yajun Liu, Zuoqing Yuan
Abstract The effects of blueberry anthocyanins against perfluorooctane sulfonate on antioxidant-related gene expression levels, antioxidase activities, malondialdehyde content, glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratios, mitochondrial metabolic enzyme activities, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening rates were examined in the planarian Dugesia japonica. Glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase gene expression levels were up-regulated on day 1 and then down-regulated following exposure to 5 mg/L perfluorooctane sulfonate with those of the control. The activities of the three corresponding enzymes were inhibited by perfluorooctane sulfonate and activated by anthocyanins. Malondialdehyde contents and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening rates as well as the activities of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes, also increased and the glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio decreased. Anthocyanin treatments have an alleviating effect on the disorder caused by perfluorooctane sulfonate.
{"title":"Effects of blueberry anthocyanins on perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in dugesia japonica","authors":"Jianyong Zhang, Jingyi Sun, Na Sun, Jinying Huang, Xiaowang Tang, Xuepeng Wang, Na Liu, Yajun Liu, Zuoqing Yuan","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2160452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2160452","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of blueberry anthocyanins against perfluorooctane sulfonate on antioxidant-related gene expression levels, antioxidase activities, malondialdehyde content, glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratios, mitochondrial metabolic enzyme activities, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening rates were examined in the planarian Dugesia japonica. Glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase gene expression levels were up-regulated on day 1 and then down-regulated following exposure to 5 mg/L perfluorooctane sulfonate with those of the control. The activities of the three corresponding enzymes were inhibited by perfluorooctane sulfonate and activated by anthocyanins. Malondialdehyde contents and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening rates as well as the activities of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes, also increased and the glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio decreased. Anthocyanin treatments have an alleviating effect on the disorder caused by perfluorooctane sulfonate.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"59 1","pages":"75 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81387252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2134387
Said Al Mamari, Faisal Al Marzouqi, Abdulrahman Al Nabhani, Younghun Kim, R. Selvaraj
Abstract Hollow TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was prepared using solvothermal method. Two-dimensional g-C3N4 nanosheets were coupled with TiO2 hollow spheres at different ratios to investigate the charge-carrier interactions with the aim of enhancing the photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposite. This coupling was systematically examined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The prepared nanocomposite was used for the photodegradation of the volatile organic carbons methyl tetra-butyl ether and toluene present in aqueous solution. Elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction revealed a high-purity sample, while the UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of a well-defined anatase crystal phase for the TiO2 hollow sphere; and the photoluminescence measurements showed an enhancement in visible-light absorbance, with a good reduction in the electron-hole recombination rate. The performance of the nanocomposites in the photocatalytic degradation of toluene under irradiation with visible-light was evaluated. The 20/80% TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite materials showed highest photocatalytic activity for toluene and methyl tetra-butyl ether, achieving a degradation of more than 90%; this is attributed to the interaction between the two surfaces in the TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, resulting in a higher performance than the individual components.
{"title":"Hollow TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for photodegradation of volatile organic carbons under visible-light","authors":"Said Al Mamari, Faisal Al Marzouqi, Abdulrahman Al Nabhani, Younghun Kim, R. Selvaraj","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2134387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2134387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hollow TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was prepared using solvothermal method. Two-dimensional g-C3N4 nanosheets were coupled with TiO2 hollow spheres at different ratios to investigate the charge-carrier interactions with the aim of enhancing the photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposite. This coupling was systematically examined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The prepared nanocomposite was used for the photodegradation of the volatile organic carbons methyl tetra-butyl ether and toluene present in aqueous solution. Elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction revealed a high-purity sample, while the UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of a well-defined anatase crystal phase for the TiO2 hollow sphere; and the photoluminescence measurements showed an enhancement in visible-light absorbance, with a good reduction in the electron-hole recombination rate. The performance of the nanocomposites in the photocatalytic degradation of toluene under irradiation with visible-light was evaluated. The 20/80% TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite materials showed highest photocatalytic activity for toluene and methyl tetra-butyl ether, achieving a degradation of more than 90%; this is attributed to the interaction between the two surfaces in the TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, resulting in a higher performance than the individual components.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"58 1","pages":"211 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87487686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2130313
M. Paramasivam, P. Karthik, V. Muralitharan
Abstract For quantification of the insecticide chlorantraniliprole in chilli and soil, an optimized gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method is presented, with recoveries of 92–96%, and relative standard deviations of 1.4–2.7%. The limit of quantification is 0.01 mg/kg. Degradation of chlorantraniliprole follows first-order kinetics with half-lives between 1.6 and 1.8 days for chilli and soil. For earthworms and arthropods in the chilli field, the calculated risk quotient is found to be <1, as well as for consumers of chilli just after application of chlorantraniliprole. Residue concentrations in chilli fruit can be further reduced by 6–63% using different decontamination methods.
{"title":"Dissipation, decontamination, dietary, and ecological risk assessment of chlorantraniliprole in chilli fields","authors":"M. Paramasivam, P. Karthik, V. Muralitharan","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2130313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2130313","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For quantification of the insecticide chlorantraniliprole in chilli and soil, an optimized gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method is presented, with recoveries of 92–96%, and relative standard deviations of 1.4–2.7%. The limit of quantification is 0.01 mg/kg. Degradation of chlorantraniliprole follows first-order kinetics with half-lives between 1.6 and 1.8 days for chilli and soil. For earthworms and arthropods in the chilli field, the calculated risk quotient is found to be <1, as well as for consumers of chilli just after application of chlorantraniliprole. Residue concentrations in chilli fruit can be further reduced by 6–63% using different decontamination methods.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"293 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81235745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2138387
Thanh Tuyen Pham Thi, Van Duoc Nguyen, Nhut Linh Nguyen, Thi Hau Pham, Dang Khoa Nguyen Anh, Quynh Nhu Le Thi, De-Hao Tsai, T. K. Le
Abstract Photo-Fenton catalysts with floating features based on the immobilization of Fe2O3 particles on the surface of perlite granules were synthesized by a simple precipitation-annealing method. The effects of annealing temperature on the crystal structure, phase composition, morphology, surface area, surface functional groups, and surface atomic composition of the prepared catalysts were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and low voltage energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The catalytic activity was evaluated via the degradation of methylene blue in the presence of oxalic acid under UVA light and visible light. Immobilization of Fe2O3 on the perlite surface resulted in photo-Fenton catalytic activity for all samples, attributable to the formation of the hematite phase and the presence of surface Fe species. Owing to the low density of perlite, all catalysts float on the surface of the solution, which allows them to be easily separated. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Immobilization of Fe2O3 on perlite for photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue","authors":"Thanh Tuyen Pham Thi, Van Duoc Nguyen, Nhut Linh Nguyen, Thi Hau Pham, Dang Khoa Nguyen Anh, Quynh Nhu Le Thi, De-Hao Tsai, T. K. Le","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2138387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2138387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Photo-Fenton catalysts with floating features based on the immobilization of Fe2O3 particles on the surface of perlite granules were synthesized by a simple precipitation-annealing method. The effects of annealing temperature on the crystal structure, phase composition, morphology, surface area, surface functional groups, and surface atomic composition of the prepared catalysts were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and low voltage energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The catalytic activity was evaluated via the degradation of methylene blue in the presence of oxalic acid under UVA light and visible light. Immobilization of Fe2O3 on the perlite surface resulted in photo-Fenton catalytic activity for all samples, attributable to the formation of the hematite phase and the presence of surface Fe species. Owing to the low density of perlite, all catalysts float on the surface of the solution, which allows them to be easily separated. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"11 1","pages":"232 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78403344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2104280
Asieh Karimani, G. Karimi, Amirhosein Mohammadpour
Abstract Acrylamide is converted to glycidamide as a reactive metabolite by the monooxygenase isozyme CYP2E1. Since the latter is known to be induced in diabetic patients, increased acrylamide toxicity in such patients is suspected. Differences in acrylamide toxicokinetics in non-diabetic and diabetic rats receiving acrylamide (50 mg/kg) orally or via i.p. injection were investigated in this report. Blood was collected at various time points, acrylamide and glycidamide in plasma were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and the data were analyzed for toxicokinetic parameters using the proper software. Mean maximum plasma concentration, the apparent clearance, and area under the curve in non-diabetic rats were significantly higher than in diabetics, an important fact to be considered in xenobiotic exposure of diabetic individuals.
{"title":"Acrylamide and glycidamide in plasma of diabetic and non-diabetic rats, a comparative toxicokinetic study","authors":"Asieh Karimani, G. Karimi, Amirhosein Mohammadpour","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2104280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2104280","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acrylamide is converted to glycidamide as a reactive metabolite by the monooxygenase isozyme CYP2E1. Since the latter is known to be induced in diabetic patients, increased acrylamide toxicity in such patients is suspected. Differences in acrylamide toxicokinetics in non-diabetic and diabetic rats receiving acrylamide (50 mg/kg) orally or via i.p. injection were investigated in this report. Blood was collected at various time points, acrylamide and glycidamide in plasma were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and the data were analyzed for toxicokinetic parameters using the proper software. Mean maximum plasma concentration, the apparent clearance, and area under the curve in non-diabetic rats were significantly higher than in diabetics, an important fact to be considered in xenobiotic exposure of diabetic individuals.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"18 4 1","pages":"280 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80575539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2137165
Yasemin Kilciler, A. Deveci Ozkan, Zeynep Betts
Abstract The protective effect of Eisenia foetida coelomic fluid on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage and cell death was determined at gene and protein levels. The coelomic fluid protects viability and cell morphology in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and decreases reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic cells and increases anti-oxidative gene and protein expressions. Eisenia foetida coelomic fluid is potentially a therapeutic candidate for drug development.
{"title":"Protective effect of Eisenia foetida coelomic fluid against oxidative damage in human endothelial cells","authors":"Yasemin Kilciler, A. Deveci Ozkan, Zeynep Betts","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2137165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2137165","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The protective effect of Eisenia foetida coelomic fluid on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage and cell death was determined at gene and protein levels. The coelomic fluid protects viability and cell morphology in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and decreases reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic cells and increases anti-oxidative gene and protein expressions. Eisenia foetida coelomic fluid is potentially a therapeutic candidate for drug development.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"8 1","pages":"307 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78268942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2104279
Fatemeh Sadat Madarshahi, Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh, R. Rezaee, M. Azizi, J. Asili, G. Karimi
Abstract Meroterpenoids are naturally occurring bioactive compounds derived from terpenoids. Isolation and structure elucidation of four meroterpenoids from Arnebia euchroma root confirmed as arnebinol A–D have been conducted and their antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activities against Aspergillus flavus have been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that after treating A. flavus with arnebinol A–D at ≥200 mg/L, the conidia with phialides appeared wrinkled and compressed, the cell wall was damaged, and mycelial growth was entirely inhibited. Arnebinol D could inhibit A. flavus aflatoxin production and reduce ergosterol levels. The present experiments confirmed the antifungal activity of arnebinol D and provided evidence for the potential use of these natural compounds against fungi.
{"title":"Fungicidal and anti-aflatoxin activity of four meroterpenoids isolated from Arnebia euchroma root","authors":"Fatemeh Sadat Madarshahi, Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh, R. Rezaee, M. Azizi, J. Asili, G. Karimi","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2104279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2104279","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Meroterpenoids are naturally occurring bioactive compounds derived from terpenoids. Isolation and structure elucidation of four meroterpenoids from Arnebia euchroma root confirmed as arnebinol A–D have been conducted and their antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activities against Aspergillus flavus have been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that after treating A. flavus with arnebinol A–D at ≥200 mg/L, the conidia with phialides appeared wrinkled and compressed, the cell wall was damaged, and mycelial growth was entirely inhibited. Arnebinol D could inhibit A. flavus aflatoxin production and reduce ergosterol levels. The present experiments confirmed the antifungal activity of arnebinol D and provided evidence for the potential use of these natural compounds against fungi.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"115 1","pages":"263 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73504281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2022.2117361
Anuja E., P. A., R. Brindha, V. I
Abstract The present work is aimed to prepare un-doped and aluminium-bismuth co-doped tin-oxide nanoparticles with 2 weight percentages (each co-dopant 2 wt %) and 4 weight percentages (each 4 wt %) by employing a co-precipitation method. Tetragonal rutile crystal structure of the synthesized materials was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction, bandgap energy by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectral analysis, chemical bonding and the position of O-Sn-O by Fourier transform infrared spectrum and morphology through scanning electron microscopy. The photoluminescence spectrum of synthesized nanoparticles shows emission peaks at 490, 520 and 536 nm. Antibacterial activity of Al-Bi co-doped (4 wt %) SnO2 nanoparticles shows a higher zone of inhibition in the range of 20–36 mm against Staphyllococcus aureus, 25–34 against Bacillus cereus and 30–41 against Escherichia Coli than pure SnO2 nanoparticles. The developed oxygen vacancies due to the addition of dopants increase the generation of reactive oxygen species which increases the inhibition capability of tin-oxide nanoparticles against various bacterial species.
{"title":"Pure and Al-Bi Co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles as bacterial growth inhibitors","authors":"Anuja E., P. A., R. Brindha, V. I","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2022.2117361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2022.2117361","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present work is aimed to prepare un-doped and aluminium-bismuth co-doped tin-oxide nanoparticles with 2 weight percentages (each co-dopant 2 wt %) and 4 weight percentages (each 4 wt %) by employing a co-precipitation method. Tetragonal rutile crystal structure of the synthesized materials was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction, bandgap energy by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectral analysis, chemical bonding and the position of O-Sn-O by Fourier transform infrared spectrum and morphology through scanning electron microscopy. The photoluminescence spectrum of synthesized nanoparticles shows emission peaks at 490, 520 and 536 nm. Antibacterial activity of Al-Bi co-doped (4 wt %) SnO2 nanoparticles shows a higher zone of inhibition in the range of 20–36 mm against Staphyllococcus aureus, 25–34 against Bacillus cereus and 30–41 against Escherichia Coli than pure SnO2 nanoparticles. The developed oxygen vacancies due to the addition of dopants increase the generation of reactive oxygen species which increases the inhibition capability of tin-oxide nanoparticles against various bacterial species.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"76 1","pages":"246 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82295682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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