Pub Date : 2020-08-06DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1798449
P. Jiang, Jie Liu, Menghua Chen, Guo-hui Yu, Shaohong You, Jieyue Li
Abstract To evaluate the effects of exogenous selenium on cadmium tolerance and accumulation in two varieties of cucumber, pot experiments with cadmium at 10 mg/kg soil were conducted. Plant biomass, cadmium bioaccumulation, cadmium speciation, and antioxidative enzyme activity, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were determined. Exogenous selenium (1 mg/L for S1 and 2 mg/L for S2) was sprayed on the leaves on cucumbers, which significantly increased the biomasses of the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits in both cucumber varieties. The cadmium bioaccumulation in the cucumbers decreased with the increase of selenium. The contents of pectate/protein-bound cadmium increased and the cadmium − organic acid complexes and inorganic cadmium tended to decrease with the selenium addition. Supplementation with selenium improved the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in the two cucumber varieties.
{"title":"Exogenous selenium improves the physiological resistance of cucumber to cadmium stress","authors":"P. Jiang, Jie Liu, Menghua Chen, Guo-hui Yu, Shaohong You, Jieyue Li","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1798449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1798449","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To evaluate the effects of exogenous selenium on cadmium tolerance and accumulation in two varieties of cucumber, pot experiments with cadmium at 10 mg/kg soil were conducted. Plant biomass, cadmium bioaccumulation, cadmium speciation, and antioxidative enzyme activity, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were determined. Exogenous selenium (1 mg/L for S1 and 2 mg/L for S2) was sprayed on the leaves on cucumbers, which significantly increased the biomasses of the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits in both cucumber varieties. The cadmium bioaccumulation in the cucumbers decreased with the increase of selenium. The contents of pectate/protein-bound cadmium increased and the cadmium − organic acid complexes and inorganic cadmium tended to decrease with the selenium addition. Supplementation with selenium improved the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in the two cucumber varieties.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"142 1","pages":"455 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77878613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-30DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1798448
Hongjun Chen, Chunhu Yu, Z. Xue, Pengxiang Wang, Zi Wang, Qianmin Cong, L. Pei, C. Fan
Abstract Lithium-doped bismuth oxide nanoplates with the thickness of 50–150 nm and tetragonal bismuth oxide, monoclinic lithium bismuthate phases have been synthesized via a simple hydrothermal process using lithium acetate and sodium bismuthate as the raw materials. Cobalt nanoparticles modified lithium-doped bismuth oxide nanoplates hybrids were obtained by an in situ photo-deposition route. The cobalt nanoparticles-modified nanoplates hybrids display significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity toward gentian violet compared with the nanoplates. Gentian violet solution can be totally degraded by the hybrids within 60 min under ultraviolet–visible light irradiation. The superior photocatalytic activity of the cobalt nanoparticles modified nanoplates hybrids originates from the superior charge transfer capacity and the energy band structure of the hybrids. The excellent photocatalytic performance makes the cobalt nanoparticles modified nanoplates hybrids a promising candidate as the photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.
{"title":"Synthesis of Li-doped bismuth oxide nanoplates, Co nanoparticles modification, and good photocatalytic activity toward organic pollutants","authors":"Hongjun Chen, Chunhu Yu, Z. Xue, Pengxiang Wang, Zi Wang, Qianmin Cong, L. Pei, C. Fan","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1798448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1798448","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lithium-doped bismuth oxide nanoplates with the thickness of 50–150 nm and tetragonal bismuth oxide, monoclinic lithium bismuthate phases have been synthesized via a simple hydrothermal process using lithium acetate and sodium bismuthate as the raw materials. Cobalt nanoparticles modified lithium-doped bismuth oxide nanoplates hybrids were obtained by an in situ photo-deposition route. The cobalt nanoparticles-modified nanoplates hybrids display significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity toward gentian violet compared with the nanoplates. Gentian violet solution can be totally degraded by the hybrids within 60 min under ultraviolet–visible light irradiation. The superior photocatalytic activity of the cobalt nanoparticles modified nanoplates hybrids originates from the superior charge transfer capacity and the energy band structure of the hybrids. The excellent photocatalytic performance makes the cobalt nanoparticles modified nanoplates hybrids a promising candidate as the photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"3 1","pages":"356 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88223944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-27DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1792908
T. Lewis, Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich, T. Wildeman, J. Sharp
Abstract Small-scale miners often engage in environmentally damaging activities, are subject to poor safety conditions, and utilize inefficient mineral extraction technologies. Here, we explore environmental impacts to surface waters from regional artisanal small-scale gold placer mining operations conducted in iron and aluminum-rich saprolites found within the lateritic, interior Amazon rainforest of Suriname. Heavy equipment was utilized to release gold from its host material followed by amalgamation and gravity separation. In contrast with background tributary recordings, streams adjacent to these gold mining operations consistently contained turbidity measurements that exceeded United States’ EPA guidelines for aquatic species of 50 nephelometric turbidity units and were typically in the hundreds to thousands of units. Turbidity was further heightened in association with precipitation events. Mercury played a prominent role in whole ore amalgam concentration practices. Freshwater fish from the region were found to harbor mercury that encroached upon public health criteria. Dissolved phase metals present further ecotoxicological challenges to the region, but their association with mining activities was less clear. These findings collectively reveal that small-scale placer gold mining practices in the Surinamese rainforest result in an increase of suspended sediments and release of mercury into waterways that could impact communities that depend upon local fisheries.
{"title":"Changes in surface water quality from small-scale gold mining operations in the Surinamean rainforest","authors":"T. Lewis, Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich, T. Wildeman, J. Sharp","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1792908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1792908","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Small-scale miners often engage in environmentally damaging activities, are subject to poor safety conditions, and utilize inefficient mineral extraction technologies. Here, we explore environmental impacts to surface waters from regional artisanal small-scale gold placer mining operations conducted in iron and aluminum-rich saprolites found within the lateritic, interior Amazon rainforest of Suriname. Heavy equipment was utilized to release gold from its host material followed by amalgamation and gravity separation. In contrast with background tributary recordings, streams adjacent to these gold mining operations consistently contained turbidity measurements that exceeded United States’ EPA guidelines for aquatic species of 50 nephelometric turbidity units and were typically in the hundreds to thousands of units. Turbidity was further heightened in association with precipitation events. Mercury played a prominent role in whole ore amalgam concentration practices. Freshwater fish from the region were found to harbor mercury that encroached upon public health criteria. Dissolved phase metals present further ecotoxicological challenges to the region, but their association with mining activities was less clear. These findings collectively reveal that small-scale placer gold mining practices in the Surinamese rainforest result in an increase of suspended sediments and release of mercury into waterways that could impact communities that depend upon local fisheries.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"76 1","pages":"334 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78313221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-21DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1789134
M. Varghese, P. Leena, P. Murugavel, S. Bankar, K. Todekar, S. Chowdhuri, P. Safai, N. Malap, M. Konwar, S. Dixit, Y. J. Rao, T. Prabha
Abstract This study reports on new particle formation (NPF) and characteristic features observed from a rural site falling in the rainshadow of the Western Ghats in peninsular India. A total of 35 NPF events observed during August 2018 - January 2019 are classified and analyzed here. The apparent formation rates ranged from 0.2 to 10.0 cm–3 s–1, while the growth rates of nucleation mode particles ranged from 1.2 to 13.8 nm h–1. The frequency of occurrence was least during August (core monsoon) and highest during post-monsoon. The local winds were calm and southeasterly to easterly (from the urban centre) supplying the essential precursor gases during October and November, leading to a frequent occurrence of nucleation events. Observations suggest that an increased condensation sink could limit the NPF while promoting Aitken mode growth. The newly formed particles accounted for about 10–80% of the total aerosol concentration. These newly formed particles were able to act as cloud condensation nuclei after growing to approximately 50 nm with an average activation fraction of 0.4.
{"title":"New particle formation observed from a rain shadow region of the Western Ghats, India","authors":"M. Varghese, P. Leena, P. Murugavel, S. Bankar, K. Todekar, S. Chowdhuri, P. Safai, N. Malap, M. Konwar, S. Dixit, Y. J. Rao, T. Prabha","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1789134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1789134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study reports on new particle formation (NPF) and characteristic features observed from a rural site falling in the rainshadow of the Western Ghats in peninsular India. A total of 35 NPF events observed during August 2018 - January 2019 are classified and analyzed here. The apparent formation rates ranged from 0.2 to 10.0 cm–3 s–1, while the growth rates of nucleation mode particles ranged from 1.2 to 13.8 nm h–1. The frequency of occurrence was least during August (core monsoon) and highest during post-monsoon. The local winds were calm and southeasterly to easterly (from the urban centre) supplying the essential precursor gases during October and November, leading to a frequent occurrence of nucleation events. Observations suggest that an increased condensation sink could limit the NPF while promoting Aitken mode growth. The newly formed particles accounted for about 10–80% of the total aerosol concentration. These newly formed particles were able to act as cloud condensation nuclei after growing to approximately 50 nm with an average activation fraction of 0.4.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"305 - 333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73059141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-17DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1791866
Jesús Gómez, S. García, E. Esteban, P. Zornoza, R. Carpena
Abstract Festuca rubra L. plants are pseudometallophytes colonizing abandoned Pb/Zn mine areas, successfully employed in phytostabilization. To study the contribution of low-molecular weight organic acids to metal tolerance, F. rubra plants were grown for three months in hydroponics with Cd (1.8, 18 and 36 µmol L−1), Pb (50, 250 and 500 µmol L−1) and Zn (0.3, 3 and 6 mmol L−1), separately, and in ternary combination (18 µmol L−1 Cd + 250 µmol L−1 Pb + 0.3 mmol L−1 Zn). The roots retained most of the metals but their distribution from shoot to root was altered when the plants were treated with the ternary combination. The main organic acids in roots were citrate and malate. At the lowest concentrations, the metals caused small reductions in biomass, had no effects on photosynthetic pigments nor on malondialdehyde, but led to increases in root organic acids. At higher concentrations, phytotoxic responses were observed, associated with a decline of citrate and malate in the roots.
{"title":"The role of root organic acids in the tolerance of Festuca rubra to zinc, lead and cadmium","authors":"Jesús Gómez, S. García, E. Esteban, P. Zornoza, R. Carpena","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1791866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1791866","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Festuca rubra L. plants are pseudometallophytes colonizing abandoned Pb/Zn mine areas, successfully employed in phytostabilization. To study the contribution of low-molecular weight organic acids to metal tolerance, F. rubra plants were grown for three months in hydroponics with Cd (1.8, 18 and 36 µmol L−1), Pb (50, 250 and 500 µmol L−1) and Zn (0.3, 3 and 6 mmol L−1), separately, and in ternary combination (18 µmol L−1 Cd + 250 µmol L−1 Pb + 0.3 mmol L−1 Zn). The roots retained most of the metals but their distribution from shoot to root was altered when the plants were treated with the ternary combination. The main organic acids in roots were citrate and malate. At the lowest concentrations, the metals caused small reductions in biomass, had no effects on photosynthetic pigments nor on malondialdehyde, but led to increases in root organic acids. At higher concentrations, phytotoxic responses were observed, associated with a decline of citrate and malate in the roots.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":"399 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74194852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1791867
R. Keerthana, A. Qureshi
Abstract This study reports the concentrations of total mercury and methyl mercury in sixteen families of marine biota caught off the coast of Kasimedu in Chennai, India, an important but understudied fish landing region. These included the commonly caught croakers, carangids, rays, goat fish, anchovies, crabs, and prawns. There was no correlation between total mercury or methyl mercury with fish length or mass. All concentrations were lower than the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India limits (total mercury = 500 μg/kg; methyl mercury = 250 μg/kg). Some values were above screening levels (total mercury >40 μg/kg wet weight) when considering possible adverse effects in predatory fish that consume the analyzed biota. Abbreviations: dw: dry weight; MeHg: methyl mercury; THg: total mercury; ww: wet weight
{"title":"Total and methyl mercury in small marine biota caught off the Coast of Chennai, India","authors":"R. Keerthana, A. Qureshi","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1791867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1791867","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study reports the concentrations of total mercury and methyl mercury in sixteen families of marine biota caught off the coast of Kasimedu in Chennai, India, an important but understudied fish landing region. These included the commonly caught croakers, carangids, rays, goat fish, anchovies, crabs, and prawns. There was no correlation between total mercury or methyl mercury with fish length or mass. All concentrations were lower than the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India limits (total mercury = 500 μg/kg; methyl mercury = 250 μg/kg). Some values were above screening levels (total mercury >40 μg/kg wet weight) when considering possible adverse effects in predatory fish that consume the analyzed biota. Abbreviations: dw: dry weight; MeHg: methyl mercury; THg: total mercury; ww: wet weight","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":"415 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81916988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1789135
Mojtaba Shakibaie, H. Forootanfar, E. Jafari, A. Salimi, Mohsen Doostmohammadi, H. Rahimi
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of zinc nanoparticles against cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Zinc nanoparticles were produced by microwave-assisted synthesis using Lavandula vera extract as reducing agent. Single doses of cisplatin (7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and ZnSO4 (10 mg/kg, orally), and various doses of zinc nanoparticles (10 − 50 mg/kg, orally) and vitamin E (100 mg/kg, interaperitoneally) were administered. The protective role of zinc nanoparticles was determined biochemically and histologically. Gradual reduction in malondialdehyde levels and elevation in glutathione levels and in the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase upon administration of zinc nanoparticles were observed. The pathology of mice treated with cisplatin/vitamin E and cisplatin/zinc nanoparticles were apparently equal, but vitamin E treatment was more effective in lowering oxidative stress markers than zinc nanoparticles. These findings suggest that co-administration of zinc nanoparticles with cisplatin could prevent adverse effects on the male reproductive system via their potential antioxidant properties.
{"title":"Microwave-assisted synthesized zinc nanoparticles attenuate cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in mice","authors":"Mojtaba Shakibaie, H. Forootanfar, E. Jafari, A. Salimi, Mohsen Doostmohammadi, H. Rahimi","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1789135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1789135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of zinc nanoparticles against cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Zinc nanoparticles were produced by microwave-assisted synthesis using Lavandula vera extract as reducing agent. Single doses of cisplatin (7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and ZnSO4 (10 mg/kg, orally), and various doses of zinc nanoparticles (10 − 50 mg/kg, orally) and vitamin E (100 mg/kg, interaperitoneally) were administered. The protective role of zinc nanoparticles was determined biochemically and histologically. Gradual reduction in malondialdehyde levels and elevation in glutathione levels and in the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase upon administration of zinc nanoparticles were observed. The pathology of mice treated with cisplatin/vitamin E and cisplatin/zinc nanoparticles were apparently equal, but vitamin E treatment was more effective in lowering oxidative stress markers than zinc nanoparticles. These findings suggest that co-administration of zinc nanoparticles with cisplatin could prevent adverse effects on the male reproductive system via their potential antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"39 1","pages":"386 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86203927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1791868
Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh, R. Rezaee, Hasan Badibostan, G. Karimi
Abstract On a global basis, walnuts rank second behind almonds in nut production and China, the United States and Iran are, respectively top producers of this nut. Generally, the nuts are exposed to relatively high temperatures and high humidity which predispose fungal growth. Hence, it is of crucial importance to regularly check the levels of toxins produced by fungi in these products, and subsequently, assess possible risk posed to human health via exposure to such toxins. Aflatoxin B1 as a secondary fungal metabolite widely found in many foodstuffs is considered a public health concern worldwide due to its genotoxic and carcinogenic properties. In this study, walnut samples collected from five different orchards located in five cultivation zones in Iran, were evaluated for aflatoxin B1 concentrations using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Aflatoxin B1 were found in more than half of the samples and its level ranged from 0.8–14.5 µg/kg. The present analysis showed a low lifetime carcinogenic risk for walnut consumption in Iranian consumers. The annual cancer risks (individual lifetime hepatic cancer risk) posed by consumption of walnuts were 1.0 × 10−4 and 3.4 × 10−6 in 105 persons (for hepatitis B positive and hepatitis B negative, respectively).
{"title":"Aflatoxin B1 in walnuts: a probabilistic cancer risk assessment for Iranians","authors":"Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh, R. Rezaee, Hasan Badibostan, G. Karimi","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1791868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1791868","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On a global basis, walnuts rank second behind almonds in nut production and China, the United States and Iran are, respectively top producers of this nut. Generally, the nuts are exposed to relatively high temperatures and high humidity which predispose fungal growth. Hence, it is of crucial importance to regularly check the levels of toxins produced by fungi in these products, and subsequently, assess possible risk posed to human health via exposure to such toxins. Aflatoxin B1 as a secondary fungal metabolite widely found in many foodstuffs is considered a public health concern worldwide due to its genotoxic and carcinogenic properties. In this study, walnut samples collected from five different orchards located in five cultivation zones in Iran, were evaluated for aflatoxin B1 concentrations using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Aflatoxin B1 were found in more than half of the samples and its level ranged from 0.8–14.5 µg/kg. The present analysis showed a low lifetime carcinogenic risk for walnut consumption in Iranian consumers. The annual cancer risks (individual lifetime hepatic cancer risk) posed by consumption of walnuts were 1.0 × 10−4 and 3.4 × 10−6 in 105 persons (for hepatitis B positive and hepatitis B negative, respectively).","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"117 1","pages":"506 - 519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80147318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1781854
M. Jordanova, K. Rebok, E. Rocha, M. J. Rocha
Abstract The main aim of this study was to histochemically estimate the relative copper content in the liver during the breeding cycle of female Ohrid trout, a wild population endemic to the Ohrid Lake. The histology of the oogenetic cycle in this species was documented for the first time. Histochemistry with semi-quantification revealed positive correlations between the gonadosomatic indices and copper load. Uptake of the metal increases in the liver as the ovaries increase in size, with the highest hepatic copper load occurring postspawning. The plasmatic levels of 17β-oestradiol were also quantified, but no correlations to copper load were found, so there is no direct estrogenic control on the uptake and release of copper from the bloodstream to either organ. Therefore, when interpreting field studies or assays on hepatic copper pollution and toxicity, breeding-related seasonal changes in Ohrid trout must be taken into account.
{"title":"Changes in copper load in hepatocytes of Ohrid trout in relation to the ovarian maturation cycle","authors":"M. Jordanova, K. Rebok, E. Rocha, M. J. Rocha","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1781854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1781854","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main aim of this study was to histochemically estimate the relative copper content in the liver during the breeding cycle of female Ohrid trout, a wild population endemic to the Ohrid Lake. The histology of the oogenetic cycle in this species was documented for the first time. Histochemistry with semi-quantification revealed positive correlations between the gonadosomatic indices and copper load. Uptake of the metal increases in the liver as the ovaries increase in size, with the highest hepatic copper load occurring postspawning. The plasmatic levels of 17β-oestradiol were also quantified, but no correlations to copper load were found, so there is no direct estrogenic control on the uptake and release of copper from the bloodstream to either organ. Therefore, when interpreting field studies or assays on hepatic copper pollution and toxicity, breeding-related seasonal changes in Ohrid trout must be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":"272 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81360812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1778699
Y. Wan, Qianlei Gao, Qi Wang, Hua-fen Li
Abstract Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the seasonal and genetic variations of Cd accumulation among 18 pakchoi cultivars (Brassica chinensis). The relationship between Cd accumulation and the transpiration rate was investigated as well through hydroponic experiment. Cd concentrations in the edible parts of pakchoi grown in summer (0.33–1.61 mg·kg−1) were about 1.1–1.7 times higher than those in spring (0.25–0.96 mg·kg−1), and the uptake of Cd in both seasons differed markedly among cultivars. Positive correlation was observed between the transpiration rate and Cd concentration in the edible parts of 12 pakchoi cultivars grown in nutrient solution. Pakchoi planting in summer led to a higher accumulation of Cd in the edible parts than growing in spring.
{"title":"Effects of growing seasons and genotypes on the accumulation of Cd in Brassica chinensis","authors":"Y. Wan, Qianlei Gao, Qi Wang, Hua-fen Li","doi":"10.1080/02772248.2020.1778699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2020.1778699","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the seasonal and genetic variations of Cd accumulation among 18 pakchoi cultivars (Brassica chinensis). The relationship between Cd accumulation and the transpiration rate was investigated as well through hydroponic experiment. Cd concentrations in the edible parts of pakchoi grown in summer (0.33–1.61 mg·kg−1) were about 1.1–1.7 times higher than those in spring (0.25–0.96 mg·kg−1), and the uptake of Cd in both seasons differed markedly among cultivars. Positive correlation was observed between the transpiration rate and Cd concentration in the edible parts of 12 pakchoi cultivars grown in nutrient solution. Pakchoi planting in summer led to a higher accumulation of Cd in the edible parts than growing in spring.","PeriodicalId":23210,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry","volume":"2 1","pages":"250 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87432168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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