Objective: In reliable clinical laboratory practice, to use test results for the maximum benefit of patients, the new method in a laboratory should be validated. In this study our purpose is to evaluate performance characteristics of cystatin C immunoturbidimetric method in Roche Cobas Integra 800 analyser, and compare this method with immunonephelometric method in Dade Behring BNII analyser. Methods: Precision, linearity, recovery, interference experiments in Roche Cobas Integra 800 analyser and method comparison experiments were performed for cystatin C. Results: For Roche Cobas Integra 800 instrument, low and high concentrations for withinrun and day to day CV values were 3.97%, 1.32% and 7.24%, 4.16% respectively. In linearity experiment, regression graph equation was found to be y = 0.9817x 0.0149 and r2 = 0.99. In recovery experiment, % recovery was found to be 81. In hemolysis interference experiment, interference was detected for the hemoglobin concetrations above 200 mg/dL, Method comparison experiment was performed by analyzing 100 patients serum in both Dade Behring BNII nephelometry and Roche Cobas Integra 800 analyser. Correlation factor was r2=0.95, Deming regression equation was y = 0,98x + 0,22. Conclusion: It was found for turbidimetric method, CV values were higher, % recovery was lower and hemolysis interference was detected at lower concentrations than what was stated in package insert of cystatin C kits. However, Deming regression results indicated turbidimetric and nephelometric methods were compatible.
{"title":"Methodological evaluation of a turbidimetric method for the analysis of serum cystatin c and comparison with a nephelometric method","authors":"A. Toprak, B. Kinas, A. Uras","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.81300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.81300","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In reliable clinical laboratory practice, to use test results for the maximum benefit of patients, the new method in a laboratory should be validated. In this study our purpose is to evaluate performance characteristics of cystatin C immunoturbidimetric method in Roche Cobas Integra 800 analyser, and compare this method with immunonephelometric method in Dade Behring BNII analyser. Methods: Precision, linearity, recovery, interference experiments in Roche Cobas Integra 800 analyser and method comparison experiments were performed for cystatin C. Results: For Roche Cobas Integra 800 instrument, low and high concentrations for withinrun and day to day CV values were 3.97%, 1.32% and 7.24%, 4.16% respectively. In linearity experiment, regression graph equation was found to be y = 0.9817x 0.0149 and r2 = 0.99. In recovery experiment, % recovery was found to be 81. In hemolysis interference experiment, interference was detected for the hemoglobin concetrations above 200 mg/dL, Method comparison experiment was performed by analyzing 100 patients serum in both Dade Behring BNII nephelometry and Roche Cobas Integra 800 analyser. Correlation factor was r2=0.95, Deming regression equation was y = 0,98x + 0,22. Conclusion: It was found for turbidimetric method, CV values were higher, % recovery was lower and hemolysis interference was detected at lower concentrations than what was stated in package insert of cystatin C kits. However, Deming regression results indicated turbidimetric and nephelometric methods were compatible.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"22 1","pages":"239-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80490280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: the aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity, the total phenol and flavonoid content and the possible protective effects of commercial propolis on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Methods: the in vitro antioxidant activity was measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay, the total phenols content was measured by folin–ciocalteau assay, the flavonoids content by the alcl3 colorimetric method and the renoprotective effects of propolis methanol extract was evaluated in a rabbit model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The protective effects of propolis on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits were evaluated through biochemical parameter (measuring serum urea and creatinine) and histopathological alterations in kidneys Results: methanol extract of propolis showed a strong antioxidant activity, which is attributed to its high phenolic and flavonoid contents. Oral administration of propolis extract to rabbits at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight significantly protected against histopathological and biochemical alterations induced by gentamicin. Conclusion: the present study demonstrated that commercial propolis is strong antioxidant and is effective for the prevention of gentamicin-induced renal damage in rabbits
{"title":"Antioxidant activity and protective effects of commercial propolis on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits- In vitro study","authors":"I. H. Osman, Ahmed Abdel Hafez Tantaway","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.29200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.29200","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: the aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity, the total phenol and flavonoid content and the possible protective effects of commercial propolis on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Methods: the in vitro antioxidant activity was measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay, the total phenols content was measured by folin–ciocalteau assay, the flavonoids content by the alcl3 colorimetric method and the renoprotective effects of propolis methanol extract was evaluated in a rabbit model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The protective effects of propolis on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits were evaluated through biochemical parameter (measuring serum urea and creatinine) and histopathological alterations in kidneys Results: methanol extract of propolis showed a strong antioxidant activity, which is attributed to its high phenolic and flavonoid contents. Oral administration of propolis extract to rabbits at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight significantly protected against histopathological and biochemical alterations induced by gentamicin. Conclusion: the present study demonstrated that commercial propolis is strong antioxidant and is effective for the prevention of gentamicin-induced renal damage in rabbits","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"55 1","pages":"409-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90182079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore the structural properties of heme containing leguminous protein Leghemog- lobin (Lb) by means of intrinsic tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence and interaction with fluorescent dye 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonate (ANS). Hence to compare the melting temperature, quantum yield and energy transfer properties of Lb with other standard globular proteins. Method: Intrinsic Trp fluorescence, extrinsic probe ANS, UV fluorescent signal were used to investigate Forster energy transfer in the proteins. Quantum yield and melting temperature (Tm) were determined to characterize Lb isolated from Arachis hypogea. Result: Binding of ANS with the proteins Bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme, Ovalbumin (Oval) and Cytochrome-C (Cyt-C) manifested differential enhancement of ANS fluorescence re- vealing energy transfer from Trp. Forster equation was used to estimate the efficiency of energy transfer from Trp to ANS. Estimated binding constants were different for 295 nm and 375 nm excitation suggesting the involvement of an additional pathway in Lb via Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). This is reflected in higher K D value indicating lower binding affinity of ANS-Lb. Conclusion: This is a pioneering endeavor to unfold the structural properties of Lb isolated from Arachis hypogea, since there is no report regarding the spectroscopic properties of this protein, which is of immense agricultural importance. Our work revealed a comparison of thermal stability of heme containing globular proteins which followed the order: Hb > Lb > Cyt-C. Quantum yield and the binding constant for Trp-ANS interaction of Lb were determined. Apparent distance for Trp-ANS energy transfer in Lb and other globular proteins were explored to follow the order: Oval < Lb < BSA < Cyt-C < Lysozyme.
{"title":"Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and related energy transfer in Leghemoglobin isolated from Arachis hypogea","authors":"P. Basak, M. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.53315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.53315","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the structural properties of heme containing leguminous protein Leghemog- lobin (Lb) by means of intrinsic tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence and interaction with fluorescent dye 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonate (ANS). Hence to compare the melting temperature, quantum yield and energy transfer properties of Lb with other standard globular proteins. Method: Intrinsic Trp fluorescence, extrinsic probe ANS, UV fluorescent signal were used to investigate Forster energy transfer in the proteins. Quantum yield and melting temperature (Tm) were determined to characterize Lb isolated from Arachis hypogea. Result: Binding of ANS with the proteins Bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme, Ovalbumin (Oval) and Cytochrome-C (Cyt-C) manifested differential enhancement of ANS fluorescence re- vealing energy transfer from Trp. Forster equation was used to estimate the efficiency of energy transfer from Trp to ANS. Estimated binding constants were different for 295 nm and 375 nm excitation suggesting the involvement of an additional pathway in Lb via Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). This is reflected in higher K D value indicating lower binding affinity of ANS-Lb. Conclusion: This is a pioneering endeavor to unfold the structural properties of Lb isolated from Arachis hypogea, since there is no report regarding the spectroscopic properties of this protein, which is of immense agricultural importance. Our work revealed a comparison of thermal stability of heme containing globular proteins which followed the order: Hb > Lb > Cyt-C. Quantum yield and the binding constant for Trp-ANS interaction of Lb were determined. Apparent distance for Trp-ANS energy transfer in Lb and other globular proteins were explored to follow the order: Oval < Lb < BSA < Cyt-C < Lysozyme.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"8 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84596254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Asif, Sajjad Karim, Z. Umar, A. Malik, T. Ismail, A. Chaudhary, M. Al-Qahtani, M. Rasool
Objective: The effects of cigarette smoking on human health are serious and in many cases, deadly. The aim of the present study was to assess the extent of adverse effects of cigarette smoking on biochemical characteristics of blood in male population of Quetta city in Pakis- tan. Subjects and Method: One hundred and forty two male subjects participated in this study: smokers (n=71) and nonsmokers (n=71). The smokers were regularly consuming 11-20 ciga- rettes per day for at least 3 years. Complete blood cell count were measured by Nihon Codon fully automatic Hematological analyzer. Results: The smokers had significantly higher levels of white blood cell (p<0.027), red blood cell (p<0.011), hemoglobin (p<0.001) and hematocrit (p<0.006), whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p<0.009) and platelet crit (p<0.017) were significantly lower. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings showed that continuous cigarette smoking has se- vere adverse affects on hematological parameters (e.g., hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC count, RBC count, and platelet crit) and these alterations might be associated with a greater risk for developing atherosclerosis, polycythemia vera, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/ or cardiovascular diseases.
{"title":"Effect of cigarette smoking based on hematological parameters: comparison between male smokers and non-smokers","authors":"M. Asif, Sajjad Karim, Z. Umar, A. Malik, T. Ismail, A. Chaudhary, M. Al-Qahtani, M. Rasool","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.68077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.68077","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The effects of cigarette smoking on human health are serious and in many cases, deadly. The aim of the present study was to assess the extent of adverse effects of cigarette smoking on biochemical characteristics of blood in male population of Quetta city in Pakis- tan. Subjects and Method: One hundred and forty two male subjects participated in this study: smokers (n=71) and nonsmokers (n=71). The smokers were regularly consuming 11-20 ciga- rettes per day for at least 3 years. Complete blood cell count were measured by Nihon Codon fully automatic Hematological analyzer. Results: The smokers had significantly higher levels of white blood cell (p<0.027), red blood cell (p<0.011), hemoglobin (p<0.001) and hematocrit (p<0.006), whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p<0.009) and platelet crit (p<0.017) were significantly lower. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings showed that continuous cigarette smoking has se- vere adverse affects on hematological parameters (e.g., hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC count, RBC count, and platelet crit) and these alterations might be associated with a greater risk for developing atherosclerosis, polycythemia vera, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/ or cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"3 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84194429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuhua Gao, Changqing Liu, Changli Li, W. Guan, Yuehui Ma
Aim: This study aimed to establish the fibroblast cell bank of the Large Yorkshire pig in the form of somatic cells, and to study its biological characteristics, to explore long-term conservation and sustainable use of this genetic resource. Material and methods: Ear marginal tissue of the Large Yorkshire pig was used to establish a fibroblast cell line by direct culture of explants and cryopreservation techniques, and the quality of the cell line was assessed. Results: Biological analyses showed that the cells were morphologically homogenous fibroblasts, and the estimated population doubling time (PDT) was 72 hours. The growth curve appeared as a typical "S" shape as the cell growth passed through a latent phase, a logarithmic phase and a plateau phase. Tests for bacteria, fungi, viruses and Mycoplasma were negative. Analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isoenzymes ruled out cross-contamination between cell lines. Karyotyping and G-banding indicated a total chromosome number of 2n = 36; the proportion of diploid cells in the population was 91-96%. The transfection efficiencies of pEGFP-N3, pEYFP-N1 and pDsRed1-N1 were between 5.14 and 12.13%. Bioindicators of the cell bank met all the standards of the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Conclusion: This study not only shows the effective preservation of the Large Yorkshire pig germplasm at the cellular level, but also provides a valuable experimental resource for fields including cell biology, medicine, genomics, post-genomics, genetic engineering and embryo engineering.
{"title":"Establishment and Biological characterization of a Large Yorkshire Pig fibroblast line","authors":"Yuhua Gao, Changqing Liu, Changli Li, W. Guan, Yuehui Ma","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.58076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.58076","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to establish the fibroblast cell bank of the Large Yorkshire pig in the form of somatic cells, and to study its biological characteristics, to explore long-term conservation and sustainable use of this genetic resource. Material and methods: Ear marginal tissue of the Large Yorkshire pig was used to establish a fibroblast cell line by direct culture of explants and cryopreservation techniques, and the quality of the cell line was assessed. Results: Biological analyses showed that the cells were morphologically homogenous fibroblasts, and the estimated population doubling time (PDT) was 72 hours. The growth curve appeared as a typical \"S\" shape as the cell growth passed through a latent phase, a logarithmic phase and a plateau phase. Tests for bacteria, fungi, viruses and Mycoplasma were negative. Analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isoenzymes ruled out cross-contamination between cell lines. Karyotyping and G-banding indicated a total chromosome number of 2n = 36; the proportion of diploid cells in the population was 91-96%. The transfection efficiencies of pEGFP-N3, pEYFP-N1 and pDsRed1-N1 were between 5.14 and 12.13%. Bioindicators of the cell bank met all the standards of the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Conclusion: This study not only shows the effective preservation of the Large Yorkshire pig germplasm at the cellular level, but also provides a valuable experimental resource for fields including cell biology, medicine, genomics, post-genomics, genetic engineering and embryo engineering.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"35 1","pages":"291-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81360323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tayfur, Nilgün Karaağaoğlu, S. Başoğlu, S. Mercanlıgil
Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the minerals of different black tea infusions brewed in different pots. Material and Methods: Eight different samples of black tea were used in this study. Six mineral contents (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Na and K) obtained by duplicate analysis of 64 samples (8 different samples – 4 pots – 2 infusions each) that were brewed two times under the same conditions in different pots (stainless steel, aluminum, porcelain and glass) were analysed. Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn contents in infusions were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer; Na and K contents were determined by flame photometer. The differences in mineral contents of infusions brewed in different pots were analyzed by analysis of variance (F-test) for randomized block design. Results: Fe, Mn, Zn and Na contents of infusions were found to be significantly different whereas no statistically significant differences were observed in Cu and K contents between brewing pots. The highest amount of mineral found in infusions was K. Fe contents were found to be similar in infusions brewed in stainless steel and glass pots which is less than the tea brewed in aluminum and porcelain pots. There was no significant difference in the Zn content of infusions brewed in aluminum and porcelain pots, however these were significantly higher than those in stainless steel and glass pots. The Mn content of tea brewed in glass pot was significantly lower as compared to the other three pots. The Na content was found highest in tea brewed in porcelain pot, and lowest in glass pot. Conclusion: Tea is an important source of some minerals especially for K. The mineral content of tea may differ according to the pot in which it is brewed. This is especially important in order to regulate the tea consumption of patients in illnesses where there should be restrictions on some mineral consumption.
{"title":"Influence of brewing pots on mineral content of black tea infusions","authors":"M. Tayfur, Nilgün Karaağaoğlu, S. Başoğlu, S. Mercanlıgil","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.36349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.36349","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the minerals of different black tea infusions brewed in different pots. Material and Methods: Eight different samples of black tea were used in this study. Six mineral contents (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Na and K) obtained by duplicate analysis of 64 samples (8 different samples – 4 pots – 2 infusions each) that were brewed two times under the same conditions in different pots (stainless steel, aluminum, porcelain and glass) were analysed. Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn contents in infusions were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer; Na and K contents were determined by flame photometer. The differences in mineral contents of infusions brewed in different pots were analyzed by analysis of variance (F-test) for randomized block design. Results: Fe, Mn, Zn and Na contents of infusions were found to be significantly different whereas no statistically significant differences were observed in Cu and K contents between brewing pots. The highest amount of mineral found in infusions was K. Fe contents were found to be similar in infusions brewed in stainless steel and glass pots which is less than the tea brewed in aluminum and porcelain pots. There was no significant difference in the Zn content of infusions brewed in aluminum and porcelain pots, however these were significantly higher than those in stainless steel and glass pots. The Mn content of tea brewed in glass pot was significantly lower as compared to the other three pots. The Na content was found highest in tea brewed in porcelain pot, and lowest in glass pot. Conclusion: Tea is an important source of some minerals especially for K. The mineral content of tea may differ according to the pot in which it is brewed. This is especially important in order to regulate the tea consumption of patients in illnesses where there should be restrictions on some mineral consumption.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89640728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Aydogan, Ozlem Kurt, Ozlem Kurnaz, B. Teker, O. Kucukhuseyin
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease resulted from interaction of numerous genetic and environmental factors. It is expected that understanding of complex interaction between genetic factors and environmental factors would contribute to clarifying the pathogenesis of CHD, prevention of diseases by modifying of genetic material and advancing of treatment of diseases. Hyperlipidemia is the primary risk factor for atherosclerosis and CHD. In past years, extensive studies were done on cholesterol levels and the genes that coordinate the effects of cholesterol receptor and transporters. The members of nuclear receptor super family, especially the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are the most important regulators in this course. PPARs are potential transcriptional factors that regulate fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and are dietary lipid sensors. Three subtypes (alfa, beta/delta, gama) are encoded by separate genes and expressed in different tissues. PPAR alpha regulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, monocyte accumulation and adhesion, and formation of foam cell. In animal model of obesity and diabetes mellitus, PPAR beta/delta is suggested to be a suitable target in hyperlipidemia, increasing HDL-cholesterol and reducing adipose fatty acid storage, triglyceride, fasting insulin levels, and small and dense LDL. Furthermore, it was discovered that PPAR beta/delta activates the oxidation of fatty acid by increasing the expression of genes involved in utilization of fatty acid in heart and skeletal muscles and changing skeletal type fibril from glycolytic to oxidative state. PPAR gamma takes part in the regulation of many target genes expression which involved in adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. PPAR gamma also appears to possess an immune suppressive function, which could favor an anti-atherosclerotic effect. All above findings together have suggested that PPAR would be a promising candidate gene for obesity and diabetes and subsequently for CHD.
{"title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms in coronary heart disease","authors":"H. Aydogan, Ozlem Kurt, Ozlem Kurnaz, B. Teker, O. Kucukhuseyin","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.08760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.08760","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease resulted from interaction of numerous genetic and environmental factors. It is expected that understanding of complex interaction between genetic factors and environmental factors would contribute to clarifying the pathogenesis of CHD, prevention of diseases by modifying of genetic material and advancing of treatment of diseases. Hyperlipidemia is the primary risk factor for atherosclerosis and CHD. In past years, extensive studies were done on cholesterol levels and the genes that coordinate the effects of cholesterol receptor and transporters. The members of nuclear receptor super family, especially the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are the most important regulators in this course. PPARs are potential transcriptional factors that regulate fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and are dietary lipid sensors. Three subtypes (alfa, beta/delta, gama) are encoded by separate genes and expressed in different tissues. PPAR alpha regulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, monocyte accumulation and adhesion, and formation of foam cell. In animal model of obesity and diabetes mellitus, PPAR beta/delta is suggested to be a suitable target in hyperlipidemia, increasing HDL-cholesterol and reducing adipose fatty acid storage, triglyceride, fasting insulin levels, and small and dense LDL. Furthermore, it was discovered that PPAR beta/delta activates the oxidation of fatty acid by increasing the expression of genes involved in utilization of fatty acid in heart and skeletal muscles and changing skeletal type fibril from glycolytic to oxidative state. PPAR gamma takes part in the regulation of many target genes expression which involved in adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. PPAR gamma also appears to possess an immune suppressive function, which could favor an anti-atherosclerotic effect. All above findings together have suggested that PPAR would be a promising candidate gene for obesity and diabetes and subsequently for CHD.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"8 1","pages":"372-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88633450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation and free radical scavenging properties of a seafood Paphia malabarica (Chemnitz) as a natural source of antioxidants. Methods: Antioxidant activities of Paphia malabarica extracts were tested spectrophotometrically against 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, hydroxyl radical scavenging, in vitro inhibitions of lipid peroxidation and results were presented as percentage relative activities by comparing with standard synthetic antioxidant compounds. In addition, reducing potentials and presence of antioxidant compound in sample extract was tested with exponential increase in absorbance and ferric reducing antioxidant power values respectively. Results: The scavenging potential of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical and reducing action increased in a dose dependent manner. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation shown by methanol extract and its significant correlation withOH scavenging activity implies its potential to protect the cell damage against reactive oxygen species. Increasing antioxidant equivalents of ascorbic acid in ferric reducing antioxidant power assay further supported its role in reducing reactions. Conclusion: Dose dependant antioxidant responses by methanolic extracts of clam P. malabarica and their role in breaking chain reactions of lipid peroxidation highlights its potentials against reactive oxygen species mediated radical reactions. Present investigation forms a first comprehensive report on the nutraceutical property of a seafood P. malabarica as a natural source of antioxidants.
{"title":"Protective role of edible clam Paphia malabarica (Chemnitz) against lipid peroxidation and free radicals","authors":"R. Pawar, S. S. Nagvenkar, T. Jagtap","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.69875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.69875","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation and free radical scavenging properties of a seafood Paphia malabarica (Chemnitz) as a natural source of antioxidants. Methods: Antioxidant activities of Paphia malabarica extracts were tested spectrophotometrically against 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, hydroxyl radical scavenging, in vitro inhibitions of lipid peroxidation and results were presented as percentage relative activities by comparing with standard synthetic antioxidant compounds. In addition, reducing potentials and presence of antioxidant compound in sample extract was tested with exponential increase in absorbance and ferric reducing antioxidant power values respectively. Results: The scavenging potential of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical and reducing action increased in a dose dependent manner. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation shown by methanol extract and its significant correlation withOH scavenging activity implies its potential to protect the cell damage against reactive oxygen species. Increasing antioxidant equivalents of ascorbic acid in ferric reducing antioxidant power assay further supported its role in reducing reactions. Conclusion: Dose dependant antioxidant responses by methanolic extracts of clam P. malabarica and their role in breaking chain reactions of lipid peroxidation highlights its potentials against reactive oxygen species mediated radical reactions. Present investigation forms a first comprehensive report on the nutraceutical property of a seafood P. malabarica as a natural source of antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"13 5 1","pages":"138-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72689518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heterotrimeric G proteins are known as G proteins, consist of α, β, and γ subunits. G protein mediated signaling is employed by virtually all cells in the mammalian organism and is centrally involved in diverse physiological functions such as perception of sensory information, modulation of synaptic transmission, hormone release and actions, regulation of cell contraction and migration, or cell growth and differentiation. The amino acid identity of the α subunits has been used as basis for the classification of G proteins into four families Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12. G proteins stimulate distinct downstream effectors including enzymes, ion channels and small GTPase, thus regulating multiple signaling pathways including those involved in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are a family that constitute signaling pathways involved in processes that control gene expression, cell division, cell survival, apoptosis, metabolism, differentiation and motility. The mitogen-activated protein kinase family includes ERK1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinazlar 1, 2 ve 3, p38MAPK a, b, g, and d, and ERK5 as classical mitogen-activated protein kinases, and ERK3, ERK4 NLK, and ERK7 as atypical mitogen-activated protein kinases. Each of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways consists of three distinct kinases, namely an upstream respectively; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase , mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase
{"title":"Regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases through heterotrimeric G proteins","authors":"B. Küçükkaya, L. Afrasyap","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.62534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.62534","url":null,"abstract":"Heterotrimeric G proteins are known as G proteins, consist of α, β, and γ subunits. G protein mediated signaling is employed by virtually all cells in the mammalian organism and is centrally involved in diverse physiological functions such as perception of sensory information, modulation of synaptic transmission, hormone release and actions, regulation of cell contraction and migration, or cell growth and differentiation. The amino acid identity of the α subunits has been used as basis for the classification of G proteins into four families Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12. G proteins stimulate distinct downstream effectors including enzymes, ion channels and small GTPase, thus regulating multiple signaling pathways including those involved in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are a family that constitute signaling pathways involved in processes that control gene expression, cell division, cell survival, apoptosis, metabolism, differentiation and motility. The mitogen-activated protein kinase family includes ERK1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinazlar 1, 2 ve 3, p38MAPK a, b, g, and d, and ERK5 as classical mitogen-activated protein kinases, and ERK3, ERK4 NLK, and ERK7 as atypical mitogen-activated protein kinases. Each of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways consists of three distinct kinases, namely an upstream respectively; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase , mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"29 1","pages":"218-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80351081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is any difference in complete blood cell count parameters between anti-Helicobacter pylori (HP) IgG antibody (anti-IgG) positive and negative subjects. Methods: In a hospital based survey, total of 125 people were included to the study which measured anti-HP IgG antibody. The total 85 subjects, titers of anti-HP IgG antibody > 1 was considered as IgG positive group and <1, total 40 subjects, as IgG negative group. Results: There was no significant relationship between anti-HP IgG antibody positivity and gender. However, significantly decreased mean corpuscular volume and increased percent eosinophil values were found in IgG positive group (p =0.04). Conclusion: In conclusion, IgG positive group characterized lower mean corpuscular volume and higher eosinophil values. These results might be sign of inflammatory changes associated to chronic gastritis.
{"title":"Complete Blood Cell Parameters between Anti-HP IgG Antibody Positive and Negative Subjects","authors":"T. Noyan, Ordu Üniversitesi","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2013.49368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2013.49368","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is any difference in complete blood cell count parameters between anti-Helicobacter pylori (HP) IgG antibody (anti-IgG) positive and negative subjects. Methods: In a hospital based survey, total of 125 people were included to the study which measured anti-HP IgG antibody. The total 85 subjects, titers of anti-HP IgG antibody > 1 was considered as IgG positive group and <1, total 40 subjects, as IgG negative group. Results: There was no significant relationship between anti-HP IgG antibody positivity and gender. However, significantly decreased mean corpuscular volume and increased percent eosinophil values were found in IgG positive group (p =0.04). Conclusion: In conclusion, IgG positive group characterized lower mean corpuscular volume and higher eosinophil values. These results might be sign of inflammatory changes associated to chronic gastritis.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":"20 1","pages":"133-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82054799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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