Cancer antigen CA125 represents an extracellular part of transmembrane mucin MUC16 and may be expressed in tissues of the male reproductive tract. It reaches human seminal plasma (hSP) after undergoing the main processes involved in protein speciation: synthesis, posttranslational modifications, compartmentalization, and auto/proteolytic degradation. This study was aimed at profiling CA125-immunoreactive species in hSP from healthy subjects as a specific and unexplored source of this tumor-associated antigen expressed under normal physiological conditions. High molecular mass components from total hSP and corresponding acid-soluble hSP preparations were analyzed. The results indicated that antibodies recognizing two distinct immunogenic areas of CA125 antigen exhibited a common pattern of immunoreactive bands affected by low pH and reducing agents. They comprise a large, heavily glycosylated moiety and a mixture of low glycosylated species ranging from 100 to 150 kDa. High molecular mass CA125-immunoreactive smears overlapped core 2 O-glycans and the Lex glycotope, the latter also being abundant on distinct lower molecular mass immunoreactive bands. Within the bulk of normal hSP mucins, the CA125 antigen is present in low amounts and resides on heterogeneously glycosylated species that may be proteolysis-derived and sensitive to redox environments. Both factors influence the composition of hSP and therefore might affect speciation of mucin16 under normal and pathological conditions.
{"title":"Analysis of CA125 antigen in normal human seminal plasma highlights the molecular heterogeneity of underlying glycosylated species","authors":"N. Mitić, B. Milutinovic, M. Janković","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1610-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1610-32","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer antigen CA125 represents an extracellular part of transmembrane mucin MUC16 and may be expressed in tissues of the male reproductive tract. It reaches human seminal plasma (hSP) after undergoing the main processes involved in protein speciation: synthesis, posttranslational modifications, compartmentalization, and auto/proteolytic degradation. This study was aimed at profiling CA125-immunoreactive species in hSP from healthy subjects as a specific and unexplored source of this tumor-associated antigen expressed under normal physiological conditions. High molecular mass components from total hSP and corresponding acid-soluble hSP preparations were analyzed. The results indicated that antibodies recognizing two distinct immunogenic areas of CA125 antigen exhibited a common pattern of immunoreactive bands affected by low pH and reducing agents. They comprise a large, heavily glycosylated moiety and a mixture of low glycosylated species ranging from 100 to 150 kDa. High molecular mass CA125-immunoreactive smears overlapped core 2 O-glycans and the Lex glycotope, the latter also being abundant on distinct lower molecular mass immunoreactive bands. Within the bulk of normal hSP mucins, the CA125 antigen is present in low amounts and resides on heterogeneously glycosylated species that may be proteolysis-derived and sensitive to redox environments. Both factors influence the composition of hSP and therefore might affect speciation of mucin16 under normal and pathological conditions.","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"543-551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1610-32","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42981200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of uninhibited side effects of cancer drugs often used in cancer treatment has stimulated the search for alternative therapeutic approaches. Therefore, anticarcinogenic effects of synthetic, herbal, and fungal drugs have been investigated for the treatment of various cancer types in recent studies. Lichens, symbiotic organisms of fungi and algae, synthesize metabolites with significant biological activities. The aim of the current study was to screen the anticancer potential of usnic acid on various types of nonmalignant cell lines (Vero, L929) and cancer cell lines (CaCo2, RD, Hep2C, HepG2, Wehi). The growth inhibitory effect of usnic acid was determined by MTT assay. Since this study was also designed to explore mRNA expression profiles, this paper is the first to look into the effects of usnic acid on apoptotic gene expression. The effects of usnic acid on the gene expression patterns of the tumor suppressor gene p53, proapoptotic gene Bcl-2, and Bax were studied with qRT-PCR. There was an approximately ninefold decrease in the p53 and Bcl-2 expression for usnic acid in the Wehi cancer cell line. Consequently, it is concluded that usnic acid has tumor inhibitory properties, and if indicated by further works like animal studies and clinical trials, it may be used therapeutically in the future.
{"title":"Changes in apoptosis-related gene expression profiles in cancer cell lines exposed to usnic acid lichen secondary metabolite","authors":"A. B. Dinçsoy, Demet Duman","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1609-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1609-40","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of uninhibited side effects of cancer drugs often used in cancer treatment has stimulated the search for alternative therapeutic approaches. Therefore, anticarcinogenic effects of synthetic, herbal, and fungal drugs have been investigated for the treatment of various cancer types in recent studies. Lichens, symbiotic organisms of fungi and algae, synthesize metabolites with significant biological activities. The aim of the current study was to screen the anticancer potential of usnic acid on various types of nonmalignant cell lines (Vero, L929) and cancer cell lines (CaCo2, RD, Hep2C, HepG2, Wehi). The growth inhibitory effect of usnic acid was determined by MTT assay. Since this study was also designed to explore mRNA expression profiles, this paper is the first to look into the effects of usnic acid on apoptotic gene expression. The effects of usnic acid on the gene expression patterns of the tumor suppressor gene p53, proapoptotic gene Bcl-2, and Bax were studied with qRT-PCR. There was an approximately ninefold decrease in the p53 and Bcl-2 expression for usnic acid in the Wehi cancer cell line. Consequently, it is concluded that usnic acid has tumor inhibitory properties, and if indicated by further works like animal studies and clinical trials, it may be used therapeutically in the future.","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"484-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1609-40","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. M. D. Oliveira, Alluanan Adelson do Nascimento Silva, S. L. Souza, R. N. Morais, Elizabeth Neves de Melo, F. Maia, V. A. Júnior
The critical period of development is highly susceptible to disorders. Environmental contaminants, stress, and poor nutrition may permanently affect structurally and functionally an organism during adulthood. Protein restriction in intrauterine and neonatal periods may impair testicular cells and reduce steroidogenic activity. The current study investigated the effect of low protein diet during intrauterine and postnatal life on testicular function in immature and adult rats. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed either a normal protein diet or a low protein diet during pregnancy until birth and during lactation until weaning. The results showed that undernutrition during intrauterine life reduced epithelium height, tubular volume, Leydig cell volume, and serum testosterone levels, although it increased the support capacity of Sertoli cells. Tubular diameter, tubular volume, epithelium height, and Leydig cell population decreased when protein was restricted during lactation. Pregnant rats submitted to a low protein diet during the two periods generated male rats with a reduction in seminiferous tubule volume and length, Sertoli cell population, Leydig cell population and volume, and sperm production. Undernutrition during both the intrauterine and postnatal periods caused the most drastic testicular effects, as irreversible damage to Sertoli cell population and, consequently, to sperm production in the adult male.
{"title":"Histomorphometric evaluation of the testicular parenchyma of rats submittedto protein restriction during intrauterine and postnatal life","authors":"J. M. D. Oliveira, Alluanan Adelson do Nascimento Silva, S. L. Souza, R. N. Morais, Elizabeth Neves de Melo, F. Maia, V. A. Júnior","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1610-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1610-20","url":null,"abstract":"The critical period of development is highly susceptible to disorders. Environmental contaminants, stress, and poor nutrition may permanently affect structurally and functionally an organism during adulthood. Protein restriction in intrauterine and neonatal periods may impair testicular cells and reduce steroidogenic activity. The current study investigated the effect of low protein diet during intrauterine and postnatal life on testicular function in immature and adult rats. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed either a normal protein diet or a low protein diet during pregnancy until birth and during lactation until weaning. The results showed that undernutrition during intrauterine life reduced epithelium height, tubular volume, Leydig cell volume, and serum testosterone levels, although it increased the support capacity of Sertoli cells. Tubular diameter, tubular volume, epithelium height, and Leydig cell population decreased when protein was restricted during lactation. Pregnant rats submitted to a low protein diet during the two periods generated male rats with a reduction in seminiferous tubule volume and length, Sertoli cell population, Leydig cell population and volume, and sperm production. Undernutrition during both the intrauterine and postnatal periods caused the most drastic testicular effects, as irreversible damage to Sertoli cell population and, consequently, to sperm production in the adult male.","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"428-438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1610-20","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42954577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Induction of haploid plants in citrus through gamma-irradiated pollen and ascertainment of ovule age for maximum recovery of haploid plantlets","authors":"M. Kundu, A. Dubey, M. Srivastav, S. Malik","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1606-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1606-28","url":null,"abstract":"* Correspondence: manojhorti18@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"469-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1606-28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44000428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphology, development, and transplant potential of Prunus avium and Cornus sanguinea seedlings growing under different LED lights","authors":"F. Bantis, K. Radoglou","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1607-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1607-19","url":null,"abstract":"* Correspondence: kradoglo@fmenr.duth.gr","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"314-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1607-19","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43503760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement in androgenic response of borage (Borago officinalis L.) cultured anthers using antibrowning agents and picloram","authors":"M. Abdollahi, Zahra Chardoli Eshaghi, M. Majdi","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1606-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1606-49","url":null,"abstract":"* Correspondence: m.abdollahi@basu.ac.ir","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"354-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1606-49","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44545889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Nematpour, F. Mahboudi, V. Khalaj, B. Vaziri, S. Ahmadi, M. Ahmadi, Saedeh Ebadat, Fatemeh Davami
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are crucial in pharmaceutical biotechnology. Mammalian cell lines are the most preferred for their production. One of the significant challenging issues of mammalian expression systems is epigenetic gene silencing. Employing epigenetic gene regulation tools can increase the productivity of the mammalian cell lines. Sodium butyrate (NaBut) and valproic acid (VPA) regulate gene expression by inhibiting histone deacetylase. A ubiquitous chromatin-opening element (UCOE) can improve expression by reducing DNA methylation. Here, the separate and combined effects of NaBut and VPA histone deacetylase inhibitors (iHDACs) and UCOE on mAb synthesis were studied. Stable cell lines were generated by non-UCOE (CHO-HL) and UCOE-containing vectors (CHO-UHUL) and cultured in the presence and absence of NaBut or VPA. Expression analysis showed that CHO-UHUL gave a 4-fold greater yield than non-UCOE CHO-HL. Antibody production levels of the CHO-HL and CHO-UHUL cells increased 2-fold and 2.5-fold after NaBut and VPA treatment, respectively. These results indicate that UCOE has more impact on antibody expression than iHDACs. iHDAC treatment exhibited at least a 0.5-fold higher antibody yield in UCOE containing CHO-UHUL cells. Thus utilization of NaBut and VPA (iHDACs) and UCOE resulted in antibody expression improvement, and the combined use of them had a synergistic effect on antibody synthesis. Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies, Chinese hamster ovary, epigenetic gene silencing, chromatin-opening element, sodium butyrate, valproic acid
{"title":"Optimization of monoclonal antibody expression in CHOcells by employing epigenetic gene regulation tools","authors":"Fatemeh Nematpour, F. Mahboudi, V. Khalaj, B. Vaziri, S. Ahmadi, M. Ahmadi, Saedeh Ebadat, Fatemeh Davami","doi":"10.3906/biy-1702-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-1702-18","url":null,"abstract":"Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are crucial in pharmaceutical biotechnology. Mammalian cell lines are the most preferred for their production. One of the significant challenging issues of mammalian expression systems is epigenetic gene silencing. Employing epigenetic gene regulation tools can increase the productivity of the mammalian cell lines. Sodium butyrate (NaBut) and valproic acid (VPA) regulate gene expression by inhibiting histone deacetylase. A ubiquitous chromatin-opening element (UCOE) can improve expression by reducing DNA methylation. Here, the separate and combined effects of NaBut and VPA histone deacetylase inhibitors (iHDACs) and UCOE on mAb synthesis were studied. Stable cell lines were generated by non-UCOE (CHO-HL) and UCOE-containing vectors (CHO-UHUL) and cultured in the presence and absence of NaBut or VPA. Expression analysis showed that CHO-UHUL gave a 4-fold greater yield than non-UCOE CHO-HL. Antibody production levels of the CHO-HL and CHO-UHUL cells increased 2-fold and 2.5-fold after NaBut and VPA treatment, respectively. These results indicate that UCOE has more impact on antibody expression than iHDACs. iHDAC treatment exhibited at least a 0.5-fold higher antibody yield in UCOE containing CHO-UHUL cells. Thus utilization of NaBut and VPA (iHDACs) and UCOE resulted in antibody expression improvement, and the combined use of them had a synergistic effect on antibody synthesis. \u0000Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies, Chinese hamster ovary, epigenetic gene silencing, chromatin-opening element, sodium butyrate, valproic acid","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"622-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/biy-1702-18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46106713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ümit Yırtıcı, Fatih Göger, Mehmet Sarimahmut, A. Ergene
The main purpose of this study was to analyze the cytotoxic activity of an extract obtained from Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt, and the fractions eluted from this extract, in breast cancer cells. After isolation and structural analysis of the fractions were conducted, a meaningful cytotoxic effect was indicated. The goal of the analysis was to reveal the mechanism by which this effect occurs through researching the apoptotic side of these fractions and determining the amount of several proteins that are the products of the genes. Test substances were applied to breast cancer cells and the inhibitory concentration value 50 (IC50) that caused a cytotoxic effect was determined using MTT and ATP assays. The Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt dichloromethane extracts-ethyl acetate fractions (CFDCMEAF) exhibited a stronger growth-inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells (45.771 μg/mL). The apoptotic effect was studied using double staining and flow cytometry. The death rate in the cells treated with the CFDCM-EAF IC50 dose was approximately 90%: 9.2% living cells, 22.8% necrotic cells, 62.3% late apoptotic cells, and 5.8% early apoptotic cells. Structural analysis of the CFDCM-EAF, which indicated significant cytotoxic effects, was performed using chromatographic methods. Hispidulin was the major component of the CFDCM-EAF by LC-APCI-MS/MS analysis.
{"title":"Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of endemic Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line","authors":"Ümit Yırtıcı, Fatih Göger, Mehmet Sarimahmut, A. Ergene","doi":"10.3906/biy-1609-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-1609-74","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to analyze the cytotoxic activity of an extract obtained from Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt, and the fractions eluted from this extract, in breast cancer cells. After isolation and structural analysis of the fractions were conducted, a meaningful cytotoxic effect was indicated. The goal of the analysis was to reveal the mechanism by which this effect occurs through researching the apoptotic side of these fractions and determining the amount of several proteins that are the products of the genes. Test substances were applied to breast cancer cells and the inhibitory concentration value 50 (IC50) that caused a cytotoxic effect was determined using MTT and ATP assays. The Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt dichloromethane extracts-ethyl acetate fractions (CFDCMEAF) exhibited a stronger growth-inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells (45.771 μg/mL). The apoptotic effect was studied using double staining and flow cytometry. The death rate in the cells treated with the CFDCM-EAF IC50 dose was approximately 90%: 9.2% living cells, 22.8% necrotic cells, 62.3% late apoptotic cells, and 5.8% early apoptotic cells. Structural analysis of the CFDCM-EAF, which indicated significant cytotoxic effects, was performed using chromatographic methods. Hispidulin was the major component of the CFDCM-EAF by LC-APCI-MS/MS analysis.","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"370-377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/biy-1609-74","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42164662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Matić, Milica G. Paunović, B. Ognjanović, Stajn As, Z. Saicic
Reduced migration capacity of trophoblast cells leads to poor placentation and correlates with severe pregnancy disorders such as intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is sympathetic cotransmitter involved in various physiological processes and its levels are significantly increased in preeclamptic pregnancy compared to healthy pregnancy. In this study the prooxidative role of NPY and its effects on migration capacity of human trophoblast cell line JEG-3 were investigated together with the effects of nitric oxide (NO) depletion, a molecule that was shown to play an important role in promoting cell migration. The cells were treated for 24 h (short-term stimulation) and 72 h (long-term stimulation) respectively with 1 nM NPY. Oxidative/antioxidative status and the migration index of cells were measured. The results showed increased concentrations of oxidative stress parameters (O2.-, H2O2) and molecules of the antioxidant defense system (reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione), while the levels of intracellular nitrites (indicators of NO) and cell migration index were significantly decreased in trophoblast cells treated with NPY (both at 24 h and 72 h of exposure) compared to the control cells. These results suggest that NPY may significantly contribute to reduced migration capacity of trophoblast cells by generating oxidative stress and reducing the bioavailability of NO.
{"title":"Neuropeptide Y reduces migration capacity of human choriocarcinoma cell line by altering oxidative/antioxidative status","authors":"M. Matić, Milica G. Paunović, B. Ognjanović, Stajn As, Z. Saicic","doi":"10.3906/biy-1606-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-1606-73","url":null,"abstract":"Reduced migration capacity of trophoblast cells leads to poor placentation and correlates with severe pregnancy disorders such as intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is sympathetic cotransmitter involved in various physiological processes and its levels are significantly increased in preeclamptic pregnancy compared to healthy pregnancy. In this study the prooxidative role of NPY and its effects on migration capacity of human trophoblast cell line JEG-3 were investigated together with the effects of nitric oxide (NO) depletion, a molecule that was shown to play an important role in promoting cell migration. The cells were treated for 24 h (short-term stimulation) and 72 h (long-term stimulation) respectively with 1 nM NPY. Oxidative/antioxidative status and the migration index of cells were measured. The results showed increased concentrations of oxidative stress parameters (O2.-, H2O2) and molecules of the antioxidant defense system (reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione), while the levels of intracellular nitrites (indicators of NO) and cell migration index were significantly decreased in trophoblast cells treated with NPY (both at 24 h and 72 h of exposure) compared to the control cells. These results suggest that NPY may significantly contribute to reduced migration capacity of trophoblast cells by generating oxidative stress and reducing the bioavailability of NO.","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"12 5","pages":"292-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/biy-1606-73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41300191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanotechnology in biomedical research is an emerging and promising tool for different purposes, like high-resolution medical imaging, diagnostics, and targeted drug delivery. Although some experimental efforts focused on determination of the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) are present, there are many controversial results. In this study, chitosan (CS)- and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were used to investigate the possible cytotoxicity of coated IONPs on model mammalian cell line SaOs-2 by evaluating cellular viability and membrane integrity. Increasing concentrations of IONPs increased the cytotoxic effect on SaOs-2 cells with both CS- and PAA-coated IONPs. Cell viability on day 3 was as low as 40% and 48% at 1000 ?M concentration for PAAand CS-coated IONPs, respectively, in 1% FBS-supplemented media. Cytotoxicity determined by the released lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was as high as 163% with 1000 ?M concentration of CS-IONPs, while there was no significant change in LDH release with PAAcoated IONPs at any concentration. This study reveals that IONPs coated with a biocompatible polymer, which are usually assumed to be nontoxic, show cytotoxicity with increasing concentration and incubation time. The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles intended for biomedical purposes must be evaluated using more than one approach.
{"title":"Biocompatible polymeric coatings do not inherently reduce the cytotoxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles","authors":"A. Ş. Ürkmez, Ece Bayir, E. Bilgi, M. Ozen","doi":"10.3906/BIY-1608-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3906/BIY-1608-61","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology in biomedical research is an emerging and promising tool for different purposes, like high-resolution medical imaging, diagnostics, and targeted drug delivery. Although some experimental efforts focused on determination of the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) are present, there are many controversial results. In this study, chitosan (CS)- and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were used to investigate the possible cytotoxicity of coated IONPs on model mammalian cell line SaOs-2 by evaluating cellular viability and membrane integrity. Increasing concentrations of IONPs increased the cytotoxic effect on SaOs-2 cells with both CS- and PAA-coated IONPs. Cell viability on day 3 was as low as 40% and 48% at 1000 ?M concentration for PAAand CS-coated IONPs, respectively, in 1% FBS-supplemented media. Cytotoxicity determined by the released lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was as high as 163% with 1000 ?M concentration of CS-IONPs, while there was no significant change in LDH release with PAAcoated IONPs at any concentration. This study reveals that IONPs coated with a biocompatible polymer, which are usually assumed to be nontoxic, show cytotoxicity with increasing concentration and incubation time. The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles intended for biomedical purposes must be evaluated using more than one approach.","PeriodicalId":23358,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"322-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3906/BIY-1608-61","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43937261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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