Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1360-1364.6079
Pınar Mursalıoğlu Kaynar, Elçin Günaydın
Foods for special medical purposes are specially produced or formulated with the intention of regulating children's diets for specific nutrition applications, and used under medical surveillance. These food should not offer a microbiological risk to human health as well as their compositions. The purpose of this study was the microbiological evaluation of foods for special medical purposes used in children’s diet. For this evaluation, eleven imported foods for special medical purposes that were sold in Ankara-Turkey were analyzed in terms of Salmonella spp., coagulase positive staphylococci, staphylococcal enterotoxin, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157, Enterobacteriaceae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus. The bacterial examinations were done according to each related EN ISO standart methods. In result of the examination, the microbial growth was not observed on the food samples. In conclusion, the samples investigated have no microbiological risk. Also, consumers should examine their expiration dates during purchase because the expiration dates declared on the foods have showed their microbiological stability.
{"title":"Microbiological Evaluation of Foods for Special Medical Purposes of Children","authors":"Pınar Mursalıoğlu Kaynar, Elçin Günaydın","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1360-1364.6079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1360-1364.6079","url":null,"abstract":"Foods for special medical purposes are specially produced or formulated with the intention of regulating children's diets for specific nutrition applications, and used under medical surveillance. These food should not offer a microbiological risk to human health as well as their compositions. The purpose of this study was the microbiological evaluation of foods for special medical purposes used in children’s diet. For this evaluation, eleven imported foods for special medical purposes that were sold in Ankara-Turkey were analyzed in terms of Salmonella spp., coagulase positive staphylococci, staphylococcal enterotoxin, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157, Enterobacteriaceae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus. The bacterial examinations were done according to each related EN ISO standart methods. In result of the examination, the microbial growth was not observed on the food samples. In conclusion, the samples investigated have no microbiological risk. Also, consumers should examine their expiration dates during purchase because the expiration dates declared on the foods have showed their microbiological stability.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88661048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1386-1393.6237
İbrahim Cerit, Gönül Cömertpay, Bülent Çakır, Rüştü Hatipoğlu, Hakan Özkan
The maize breeding programs focuses on the development of homozygous parental lines for hybrid breeding to obtain heterosis. The Improvement of homozygous lines in a effective time is crucial for hybrid maize breeding. Objectives of this research were to obtain homozygous lines of maize in a short time by using of in-vivo maternal haploid (DH) technique and characterizing them morphologically. The experiments were carried out at the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute(EMARI). Inducers, RWS, RWK-76 and their hybrid RWS X RWK-76 were used as male parent. As female parent, 56 F2 segregated material obtained by selfing of 66 F1 hybrids developed in maize breeding program of Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute (EMARI) and 2 F2 segregated material selected from the open pollinated plants of 9 commercial maize variety. As a result of the experiment, 29 doubled haploid lines (DH) were developed. In the developed DH lines, days to tasseling, plant height, height of first ear , ear length, ear diameter, number of kernel per ear and thousand kernel weight varied as 57-78 days, 151-248 cm, 43-112 cm, 11.20-24.50 cm, 24-45 mm, 224-537 kernels/ear, and 180-320 g, respectively. In conclusion, in-vivo maternal DH technique is a highly effective method for obtaining homozygous lines
{"title":"Development of Homozygous Lines by In Vivo Doubled Haploid Technique in Hybrid Maize Breeding","authors":"İbrahim Cerit, Gönül Cömertpay, Bülent Çakır, Rüştü Hatipoğlu, Hakan Özkan","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1386-1393.6237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1386-1393.6237","url":null,"abstract":"The maize breeding programs focuses on the development of homozygous parental lines for hybrid breeding to obtain heterosis. The Improvement of homozygous lines in a effective time is crucial for hybrid maize breeding. Objectives of this research were to obtain homozygous lines of maize in a short time by using of in-vivo maternal haploid (DH) technique and characterizing them morphologically. The experiments were carried out at the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute(EMARI). Inducers, RWS, RWK-76 and their hybrid RWS X RWK-76 were used as male parent. As female parent, 56 F2 segregated material obtained by selfing of 66 F1 hybrids developed in maize breeding program of Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute (EMARI) and 2 F2 segregated material selected from the open pollinated plants of 9 commercial maize variety. As a result of the experiment, 29 doubled haploid lines (DH) were developed. In the developed DH lines, days to tasseling, plant height, height of first ear , ear length, ear diameter, number of kernel per ear and thousand kernel weight varied as 57-78 days, 151-248 cm, 43-112 cm, 11.20-24.50 cm, 24-45 mm, 224-537 kernels/ear, and 180-320 g, respectively. In conclusion, in-vivo maternal DH technique is a highly effective method for obtaining homozygous lines","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"248 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73372963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1331-1336.5946
Mehmet Efe, M. K. Sarıbay, E. Koldaş Ürer, Ayşe Merve Köse
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of selenium, vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin D3 treatments on reproductive parameters in Awassi sheep fed solely dry grass and grain stubble during the breeding season with estrus synchronization. Seventy-five sheep were implanted with intravaginal sponges containing 20 mg of flugestone acetate for 9 days for estrus synchronization. On the day the sponges were inserted, the first group received an intramuscular injection of a supplement containing 200,000 IU of vitamin A, 30,000 IU of vitamin D3, and 20 mg of vitamin E, as well as a supplement containing 1 mg of sodium selenite and 60 mg of vitamin E. The second group was the control group, with no supplementary vitamin injected. On the day of sponge removal, the sheep received intramuscular injections of 500 IU PMSG and 250 mcg cloprostenol sodium in both groups. The sheep in the first group were given a second injection of the supplement on the same day that contained 20 mg of vitamin E, 30,000 IU of vitamin D3, and 200,000 IU of vitamin A. The sheep that showed signs of estrus were mated naturally after the estrus synchronization. Estrus rates were 86.11% and 85.29%, conception rates were 74.19% and 58.62%, pregnancy rates were 63.88% and 50%, lambing rates were 100% and 100%, and litter size was found to be 126.08% and 123.52% in Group I and II, respectively (P=0.858). Although there was no significant difference in the reproductive characteristics between the groups (P>0.05), Group I had a greater pregnancy rate and litter size. During the breeding season, it is believed that the regular application of vitamin and mineral supplements on a program basis in sheep fed only dry pasture and grain stubble contributed to fertility.
本试验旨在研究硒、维生素E、维生素A和维生素D3处理对同期发情、纯干草和谷茬饲养的阿瓦西羊生殖参数的影响。将75只绵羊植入含有20 mg醋酸氟孕酮的阴道内海绵9 d，用于同步发情。在插入海绵的当天，第一组接受肌肉注射含有20万IU维生素a、3万IU维生素D3和20毫克维生素E的补充剂，以及含有1毫克亚硒酸钠和60毫克维生素E的补充剂。第二组为对照组，不注射任何补充维生素。取海绵当天，两组羊分别肌肉注射500 IU PMSG和250 mcg氯前列醇钠。第一组羊在同一天第二次注射含有20毫克维生素E、3万IU维生素D3和20万IU维生素a的补充剂。有发情迹象的羊在发情同步后自然交配。组发情率分别为86.11%和85.29%，受胎率分别为74.19%和58.62%，受胎率分别为63.88%和50%，产羔率分别为100%和100%，产仔数分别为126.08%和123.52% (P=0.858)。各组间繁殖特性差异不显著(P>0.05)，但ⅰ组妊娠率和产仔数较高。在繁殖季节，人们认为，在只喂养干牧草和谷茬的绵羊中，有计划地定期应用维生素和矿物质补充剂有助于肥力。
{"title":"The Effect of Selenium, Vitamin E, Vitamin A and Vitamin D3 Applications on Fertility in Awassi Sheep with Estrus Synchronization During the Breeding Season","authors":"Mehmet Efe, M. K. Sarıbay, E. Koldaş Ürer, Ayşe Merve Köse","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1331-1336.5946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1331-1336.5946","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of selenium, vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin D3 treatments on reproductive parameters in Awassi sheep fed solely dry grass and grain stubble during the breeding season with estrus synchronization. Seventy-five sheep were implanted with intravaginal sponges containing 20 mg of flugestone acetate for 9 days for estrus synchronization. On the day the sponges were inserted, the first group received an intramuscular injection of a supplement containing 200,000 IU of vitamin A, 30,000 IU of vitamin D3, and 20 mg of vitamin E, as well as a supplement containing 1 mg of sodium selenite and 60 mg of vitamin E. The second group was the control group, with no supplementary vitamin injected. On the day of sponge removal, the sheep received intramuscular injections of 500 IU PMSG and 250 mcg cloprostenol sodium in both groups. The sheep in the first group were given a second injection of the supplement on the same day that contained 20 mg of vitamin E, 30,000 IU of vitamin D3, and 200,000 IU of vitamin A. The sheep that showed signs of estrus were mated naturally after the estrus synchronization. Estrus rates were 86.11% and 85.29%, conception rates were 74.19% and 58.62%, pregnancy rates were 63.88% and 50%, lambing rates were 100% and 100%, and litter size was found to be 126.08% and 123.52% in Group I and II, respectively (P=0.858). Although there was no significant difference in the reproductive characteristics between the groups (P>0.05), Group I had a greater pregnancy rate and litter size. During the breeding season, it is believed that the regular application of vitamin and mineral supplements on a program basis in sheep fed only dry pasture and grain stubble contributed to fertility.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78667076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1351-1359.6065
Mustafa Yaşar, Nurettin Baran, Yusuf Guzel Demiray, R. Ekinci, Y. Karadağ
In this study, seeds of cotton plants were coated with different boron concentrations and their effect on seedling growth was investigated. The experiment was carried out at Muş Alparslan University, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Plant Production and Technologies, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, according to the Randomized Plots Trial Design with 4 in laboratory and 3 in greenhouse replications, respectively. In the study, Di-sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H20) (M=381.37 g mol-1) with a minimum purity of 99% boron compound have been used in different doses; 0 (control), 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000, 2250 and 2500 mg kg-1. According to the results of the regression analysis, it was determined that as the boron dose in the application increased, the root length was positively correlated and other parameters were negatively correlated. In terms of the parameters examined, 250 mg kg-1 Kaolin+liquid K-Humate (15% HA) 400 ml kg-1 (U3) boron application under laboratory conditions showed better results, and 1000 ml kg-1 Kaolin+liquid boron application under greenhouse conditions. It was determined that the application of K-Humate (15% HA) 400 ml kg-1 (U6) promoted growth. In addition, it was found that the results were confirmed in the grouping of the relationships between applications and parameters with heat map clustering and PCA graphs. As a result, it was determined that the toxic range of boron applications applied to the seed in the cotton plant was very narrow, and that it promoted seedling development and root elongation in the U6 application, but it was concluded that the study should also be studied in field trials in order to make more decisive decisions.
以棉花种子为材料，研究了不同浓度硼对棉花幼苗生长的影响。试验在穆乌伊阿尔帕斯兰大学应用科学学院植物生产与技术系实验室和温室条件下进行，采用随机小区试验设计，实验室4个，温室3个。在研究中，以不同剂量使用了最低纯度为99%的硼化合物十水四硼酸二钠(Na2B4O7.10H20) (M=381.37 g mol-1);0(对照)、250、500、750、1000、1250、1500、1750、2000、2250和2500 mg kg-1。根据回归分析的结果，确定随着施用硼用量的增加，根长呈正相关，其他参数呈负相关。在实验条件下，250 mg kg-1高岭土+液态k -腐植酸盐(15% HA)、400 ml kg-1 (U3)硼和1000 ml kg-1高岭土+液态硼处理效果较好。结果表明，施用腐植酸钾(15% HA) 400 ml kg-1 (U6)可促进植株生长。此外，利用热图聚类和主成分分析图对应用与参数之间的关系进行分组，结果也得到了证实。由此确定硼在棉花植株上施于种子的毒性范围很窄，且在U6上施硼对幼苗发育和根系伸长有促进作用，但结论是该研究还应在田间试验中进行研究，以便做出更有决定性的决策。
{"title":"Effects of Coating with Different Doses of Boron Compound on Germination Parameters of Cotton Seeds","authors":"Mustafa Yaşar, Nurettin Baran, Yusuf Guzel Demiray, R. Ekinci, Y. Karadağ","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1351-1359.6065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1351-1359.6065","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, seeds of cotton plants were coated with different boron concentrations and their effect on seedling growth was investigated. The experiment was carried out at Muş Alparslan University, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Plant Production and Technologies, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, according to the Randomized Plots Trial Design with 4 in laboratory and 3 in greenhouse replications, respectively. In the study, Di-sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H20) (M=381.37 g mol-1) with a minimum purity of 99% boron compound have been used in different doses; 0 (control), 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000, 2250 and 2500 mg kg-1. According to the results of the regression analysis, it was determined that as the boron dose in the application increased, the root length was positively correlated and other parameters were negatively correlated. In terms of the parameters examined, 250 mg kg-1 Kaolin+liquid K-Humate (15% HA) 400 ml kg-1 (U3) boron application under laboratory conditions showed better results, and 1000 ml kg-1 Kaolin+liquid boron application under greenhouse conditions. It was determined that the application of K-Humate (15% HA) 400 ml kg-1 (U6) promoted growth. In addition, it was found that the results were confirmed in the grouping of the relationships between applications and parameters with heat map clustering and PCA graphs. As a result, it was determined that the toxic range of boron applications applied to the seed in the cotton plant was very narrow, and that it promoted seedling development and root elongation in the U6 application, but it was concluded that the study should also be studied in field trials in order to make more decisive decisions.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74990791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1345-1350.6023
Sema Mısır, Mahmut Özbek, C. Hepokur
The aim of the study is to evaluate the ethanol extract of Rheum ribes root (RTE), as well as the root and young shoots (RYSE), for its chemical composition, antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects. Total polyphenols (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), radical scavenging activity (DPPH), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of Rheum ribes extracts were determined using colorimetric methods. Mineral contents and vitamin values of samples were determined by ICP-MS and HPLC, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of Rheum ribes extracts was determined on different cells using XTT assay. The cytotoxic effects of RTE and RYSE on cancer cells were evaluated with regard to apoptosis. According to results, mineral contents, vitamine A and C values were very high in both samples. Ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes young shoot exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on all cancer cells compared to WI-38 cells, and the IC50 values of the extract in the cancer cells between 26.10 to 54.81 μg/mL. Ethanolic extracts of RTE and RYSE induced apoptosis on MCF-7 cells. The ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes has effective cytotoxic and antioxidant activity. More research is needed to determine the cytotoxic effect mechanisms on cancer cells.
{"title":"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant, And Cytotoxic Activities of Rheum Ribes Extracts","authors":"Sema Mısır, Mahmut Özbek, C. Hepokur","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1345-1350.6023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1345-1350.6023","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to evaluate the ethanol extract of Rheum ribes root (RTE), as well as the root and young shoots (RYSE), for its chemical composition, antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects. Total polyphenols (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), radical scavenging activity (DPPH), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of Rheum ribes extracts were determined using colorimetric methods. Mineral contents and vitamin values of samples were determined by ICP-MS and HPLC, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of Rheum ribes extracts was determined on different cells using XTT assay. The cytotoxic effects of RTE and RYSE on cancer cells were evaluated with regard to apoptosis. According to results, mineral contents, vitamine A and C values were very high in both samples. Ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes young shoot exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on all cancer cells compared to WI-38 cells, and the IC50 values of the extract in the cancer cells between 26.10 to 54.81 μg/mL. Ethanolic extracts of RTE and RYSE induced apoptosis on MCF-7 cells. The ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes has effective cytotoxic and antioxidant activity. More research is needed to determine the cytotoxic effect mechanisms on cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89977105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1276-1284.5655
Onwudike Stanley Uchenna, Chris Ifeanyi Igbozurike, Peace Somachi Nwachukwu
In search for an efficient means of building up the carbon stock, improving the fertility levels and aggregate stability of tropical soils for optimum crop yield, a field study was carried using different biochars and comparing the effects with inorganic fertilizer. The biochars were palm bunch biochar (PBB), saw dust biochar (SDM) and rice mill husk biochar (RMHB). Treatments consisted of 10 t/ha palm bunch biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T1), 10 t/ha rice mill husk biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T2), 10 t/ha saw dust biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T3), 500kg/ha N.P.K 15:15:15 fertilizer + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T4) and plot without biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T5) (control plot). These were replicated five times on experimental plots of 4m2 in a randomized complete block design. Maize (Zea mays) was used as a test crop and data obtained were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and correlation. Soils amended with biochars significantly improved soil pH, organic carbon, exchangeable bases and base saturation than non biochar fertilized soils. Saw dust biochar increased soil carbon stock by 95.1% against NPK fertilizer plots and control. There was 19% decrease in soil bulk density and 17% increase in soil pH with application of palm bunch biochar. Amending soils with palm bunch biochar increased soil organic carbon by 51.5%. The biochars increased the values of critical level of soil organic matter, modifies clay ratio and reduced the value of clay flocculation index more than NPK fertilized soils or control. Among the treatments, rice mill husk biochar recorded the highest maize cob weight though not significant with palm bunch biochar. Therefore, applying biochars on eroded soil is an effective measure of improving the stability, soil carbon stock as well as enhancing higher maize yield than inorganic fertilizer.
{"title":"Biochar Application: An effective Measure in Improving the Fertility Status, Carbon Stock and Aggregate Stability of Eroded Soil","authors":"Onwudike Stanley Uchenna, Chris Ifeanyi Igbozurike, Peace Somachi Nwachukwu","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1276-1284.5655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1276-1284.5655","url":null,"abstract":"In search for an efficient means of building up the carbon stock, improving the fertility levels and aggregate stability of tropical soils for optimum crop yield, a field study was carried using different biochars and comparing the effects with inorganic fertilizer. The biochars were palm bunch biochar (PBB), saw dust biochar (SDM) and rice mill husk biochar (RMHB). Treatments consisted of 10 t/ha palm bunch biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T1), 10 t/ha rice mill husk biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T2), 10 t/ha saw dust biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T3), 500kg/ha N.P.K 15:15:15 fertilizer + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T4) and plot without biochar + 0.25t/ha poultry manure (T5) (control plot). These were replicated five times on experimental plots of 4m2 in a randomized complete block design. Maize (Zea mays) was used as a test crop and data obtained were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and correlation. Soils amended with biochars significantly improved soil pH, organic carbon, exchangeable bases and base saturation than non biochar fertilized soils. Saw dust biochar increased soil carbon stock by 95.1% against NPK fertilizer plots and control. There was 19% decrease in soil bulk density and 17% increase in soil pH with application of palm bunch biochar. Amending soils with palm bunch biochar increased soil organic carbon by 51.5%. The biochars increased the values of critical level of soil organic matter, modifies clay ratio and reduced the value of clay flocculation index more than NPK fertilized soils or control. Among the treatments, rice mill husk biochar recorded the highest maize cob weight though not significant with palm bunch biochar. Therefore, applying biochars on eroded soil is an effective measure of improving the stability, soil carbon stock as well as enhancing higher maize yield than inorganic fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90514478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contamination of drinking water with heavy metals is a serious threat to the global environment and public health. Currently, approximately 20 countries have been reported for arsenic levels present in drinking water that are higher than the EPA guidelines. Arsenic is highly toxic, widely dispersed and found in the earth’s crust. It can be found in inorganic as well as organic compounds in water. Arsenic is released into the environment in a variety of ways, including industrial effluents, pesticides, wood preservative chemicals, combustion of petroleum and coal, and mining operations. Currently, Arsenic is determined using a wide variety of methods that include inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ICPMS and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Nevertheless, these methods are slow, expensive and require skilled people to operate. Alternatively, electrochemical sensors have been potentially recognized as a powerful analytical method for the detection of heavy metals at very low concentrations. It also allows on-site and continuous monitoring of heavy metals. A nanocomposite consisting of gold nanoparticles and conducting polymers (polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS)) functionalized graphene was used in this study to detect arsenic, which causes major environmental and health concerns.
{"title":"Development of a Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensing of Arsenic in Aqueous Solution","authors":"Ömer Sadak","doi":"10.55525/tjst.1341662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1341662","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of drinking water with heavy metals is a serious threat to the global environment and public health. Currently, approximately 20 countries have been reported for arsenic levels present in drinking water that are higher than the EPA guidelines. Arsenic is highly toxic, widely dispersed and found in the earth’s crust. It can be found in inorganic as well as organic compounds in water. Arsenic is released into the environment in a variety of ways, including industrial effluents, pesticides, wood preservative chemicals, combustion of petroleum and coal, and mining operations. Currently, Arsenic is determined using a wide variety of methods that include inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ICPMS and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Nevertheless, these methods are slow, expensive and require skilled people to operate. Alternatively, electrochemical sensors have been potentially recognized as a powerful analytical method for the detection of heavy metals at very low concentrations. It also allows on-site and continuous monitoring of heavy metals. A nanocomposite consisting of gold nanoparticles and conducting polymers (polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS)) functionalized graphene was used in this study to detect arsenic, which causes major environmental and health concerns.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"208 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73774734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1337-1344.6007
Fatma Çoşkun, Hülya Erol
Kefir is a fermented product obtained from goat, sheep and cow milk as a result of lactic acid and ethyl alcohol fermentation. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possibility of producing an alternative functional kefir product from almond milk. It was enriched with banana and honey to improve its sensory properties. Samples were stored at +4oC for 14 days. The pH and dry matter of samples containing almond milk were lower than those containing cow’s milk. Serum separation increased with the increase of almond milk ratio. The use of banana increased dry matter and viscosity, and decreased serum separation. pH, dry matter and viscosity decreased during storage. The highest L* value was observed in the control kefir produced from 100% cow’s milk, and the lowest in the samples containing honey and banana on the 1st day of storage. It can be said that the addition of honey increases the b* value and the addition of banana decreases the b* value. As almond milk ratio and storage time increased, bacteria counts decreased. The lactococci counts of the samples with banana added (except for the control) were higher than the others. In the samples with banana and honey, a higher increase in yeast count was observed during storage compared to plain kefir (control sample). It can be said that the use of almond milk reduces the general acceptability of kefir. Almond milk can be successfully used in kefir production as a substitute for cow’s milk, if sweeteners, fruit and thickeners are used.
{"title":"The Quality of Kefir with Honey and with Banana Enriched with Almond Milk","authors":"Fatma Çoşkun, Hülya Erol","doi":"10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1337-1344.6007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1337-1344.6007","url":null,"abstract":"Kefir is a fermented product obtained from goat, sheep and cow milk as a result of lactic acid and ethyl alcohol fermentation. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possibility of producing an alternative functional kefir product from almond milk. It was enriched with banana and honey to improve its sensory properties. Samples were stored at +4oC for 14 days. The pH and dry matter of samples containing almond milk were lower than those containing cow’s milk. Serum separation increased with the increase of almond milk ratio. The use of banana increased dry matter and viscosity, and decreased serum separation. pH, dry matter and viscosity decreased during storage. The highest L* value was observed in the control kefir produced from 100% cow’s milk, and the lowest in the samples containing honey and banana on the 1st day of storage. It can be said that the addition of honey increases the b* value and the addition of banana decreases the b* value. As almond milk ratio and storage time increased, bacteria counts decreased. The lactococci counts of the samples with banana added (except for the control) were higher than the others. In the samples with banana and honey, a higher increase in yeast count was observed during storage compared to plain kefir (control sample). It can be said that the use of almond milk reduces the general acceptability of kefir. Almond milk can be successfully used in kefir production as a substitute for cow’s milk, if sweeteners, fruit and thickeners are used.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74410469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From past to present, building designs and materials used are developing. Especially against the destructive effects of ground movements and free vibrations on structures, many structural system designs and composite structure designs have been developed. The purpose of the composite structure design is to choose different types of materials according to the structural load-bearing system stress, in short, to choose the most advantageous material type according to the cross-sectional stresses or to eliminate the negative aspects of one material with the positive aspects of another material. It is a known fact that the dynamic performance of steel structure carrier systems is high under the influence of ground movements and free vibrations. However, in some cases it seems that it is not enough. In such cases, profiles made of different materials other than steel can be used in order to increase the rigidity of the structure, especially in the columns, which are a very important component of the structural load-bearing elements. Therefore, in this study, the effect of using molybdenum profile instead of steel profile on modal parameters in model steel structure columns was investigated. In the light of the information obtained, a decrease of approximately 23.72 percent was observed in the period value in the 1st free vibration mode of the steel-molybdenum structure model. Thus, it is understood that the rigidity of the model steel structure system increases. Column profiles can be used as molybdenum profiles instead of steel profiles in cases where the rigidity of steel structures needs to be increased.
{"title":"The Effect of Using Molybdenum Profile in Model Steel Structure Columns on The Modal Parameters","authors":"Furkan Günday","doi":"10.55525/tjst.1256534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1256534","url":null,"abstract":"From past to present, building designs and materials used are developing. Especially against the destructive effects of ground movements and free vibrations on structures, many structural system designs and composite structure designs have been developed. The purpose of the composite structure design is to choose different types of materials according to the structural load-bearing system stress, in short, to choose the most advantageous material type according to the cross-sectional stresses or to eliminate the negative aspects of one material with the positive aspects of another material. It is a known fact that the dynamic performance of steel structure carrier systems is high under the influence of ground movements and free vibrations. However, in some cases it seems that it is not enough. In such cases, profiles made of different materials other than steel can be used in order to increase the rigidity of the structure, especially in the columns, which are a very important component of the structural load-bearing elements. Therefore, in this study, the effect of using molybdenum profile instead of steel profile on modal parameters in model steel structure columns was investigated. In the light of the information obtained, a decrease of approximately 23.72 percent was observed in the period value in the 1st free vibration mode of the steel-molybdenum structure model. Thus, it is understood that the rigidity of the model steel structure system increases. Column profiles can be used as molybdenum profiles instead of steel profiles in cases where the rigidity of steel structures needs to be increased.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82523998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetic retinopathy is a significant complication occurring in the retina of the eye as a result of prolonged diabetes. When not detected early, this condition can lead to vision loss. Advanced image processing techniques and artificial intelligence algorithms have enhanced the possibilities of early diagnosis and treatment. This article discusses current advancements in artificial intelligence-based diabetic retinopathy detection and explores future possibilities in this field. In the experimental studies of the article, the Kaggle Aptos 2019 dataset was utilized. This dataset comprises 5 classes and a total of 3662 images. The class distribution is as follows: No DR (No Diabetic Retinopathy): 1805, Mild: 370, Moderate: 999, Severe: 193, Proliferative DR: 295. The study consists of four fundamental stages. These stages are (1) Feature extraction from VGG16 and VGG19 pretrained models, (2) Feature selection using NCA, Relieff, and Chi2, (3) Classification with Support Vector Machine classifier, (4) Recursive Majority Voting. Using the proposed method, a high accuracy of 99.18% is achieved. Furthermore, sensitivity of 100% for the No DR class, sensitivity of 100% for the Moderate class, sensitivity of 98.80% for the Severe class, and an F1-Score of 99.89% for the No DR class are obtained. This study demonstrates the effective utilization of machine learning methods in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. The experimental results underscore the significant contributions of diabetic retinopathy patients' diagnosis and treatment processes.
{"title":"Ön Eğitimli Modeller ve Özellik Seçiminin Rolü: Diyabetik Retinopati Tanısında Yapay Zeka Tabanlı Yaklaşım","authors":"M. Kaya, Burak Tasci̇","doi":"10.55525/tjst.1342118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1342118","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy is a significant complication occurring in the retina of the eye as a result of prolonged diabetes. When not detected early, this condition can lead to vision loss. Advanced image processing techniques and artificial intelligence algorithms have enhanced the possibilities of early diagnosis and treatment. This article discusses current advancements in artificial intelligence-based diabetic retinopathy detection and explores future possibilities in this field. \u0000In the experimental studies of the article, the Kaggle Aptos 2019 dataset was utilized. This dataset comprises 5 classes and a total of 3662 images. The class distribution is as follows: No DR (No Diabetic Retinopathy): 1805, Mild: 370, Moderate: 999, Severe: 193, Proliferative DR: 295. The study consists of four fundamental stages. These stages are (1) Feature extraction from VGG16 and VGG19 pretrained models, (2) Feature selection using NCA, Relieff, and Chi2, (3) Classification with Support Vector Machine classifier, (4) Recursive Majority Voting. \u0000Using the proposed method, a high accuracy of 99.18% is achieved. Furthermore, sensitivity of 100% for the No DR class, sensitivity of 100% for the Moderate class, sensitivity of 98.80% for the Severe class, and an F1-Score of 99.89% for the No DR class are obtained. \u0000This study demonstrates the effective utilization of machine learning methods in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. The experimental results underscore the significant contributions of diabetic retinopathy patients' diagnosis and treatment processes.","PeriodicalId":23389,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Agriculture: Food Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81359941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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