Nowadays, traffic congestion is a serious problem; it wastes people’s time, increases collision rate, delays emergency and contributes in environment pollution. This paper aims to reduce these effects and enhance road traffic infrastructure by using video cameras to monitor the streets, the video is processed to estimate traffic density then traffic status stored in web database and updated continuously. Users can easily install the developed android application, indicate their destination and in time, three optimum routes based on the traffic volume are shown on the map. This technique was shown to be an effective way in reducing traffic congestion and enhancing roads traffic.
{"title":"Vehicle to Infrastructure Communication for Dynamic Navigation Application","authors":"Dalia H. M. A. Haseeb, Amin B. A. N. Mustafa","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i1.910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i1.910","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, traffic congestion is a serious problem; it wastes people’s time, increases collision rate, delays emergency and contributes in environment pollution. This paper aims to reduce these effects and enhance road traffic infrastructure by using video cameras to monitor the streets, the video is processed to estimate traffic density then traffic status stored in web database and updated continuously. Users can easily install the developed android application, indicate their destination and in time, three optimum routes based on the traffic volume are shown on the map. This technique was shown to be an effective way in reducing traffic congestion and enhancing roads traffic.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80328529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Abdelghader Morsi, Eman Naji Mahmoud Fadoul, Esraa Mohammed Eshag Ibrahim, Mehad Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed
Abstract: This paper introduces the technology of cloud computing, and the challenges and opportunities associated with it, it also finds solutions for security and high cost issues. In this paper we use open source tools to build an environment for cloud computing, it also solves the aforementioned cloud problems in addition to providing an enormous storage capacity.
{"title":"Cloud Computing Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Mohamed Abdelghader Morsi, Eman Naji Mahmoud Fadoul, Esraa Mohammed Eshag Ibrahim, Mehad Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v10i1.913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v10i1.913","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper introduces the technology of cloud computing, and the challenges and opportunities associated with it, it also finds solutions for security and high cost issues. In this paper we use open source tools to build an environment for cloud computing, it also solves the aforementioned cloud problems in addition to providing an enormous storage capacity.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80377519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adil Abdelwahab Sharaw, Tagwa Basheer Ahmed, Zakaria Anwar Zakaria
The main objective of this paper the conversion of the Water Hyacinth into a clean energy that can be exploited widely by a process of fermenting inside ferment devices. Three laboratory scale digesters were designed with different Water Hyacinth samples mixed with , water and Catalyst, the first model contains a green sample, the second sample was dried and the third was mixed green and dry with concentration of (34%, 18% and,24%), respectively. After ten days of fermentation the research showed that, the greater production of biogas was in the first digester (A). The second production was from digester (C), which contains the green and dry sample. The last one was digester (B) which contains the dry sample only with total volumes of (162509.71, 139273.12, 91540.35) cubic centimetres, respectively. The research shows that the green sample is the best in terms of the amount of gas produced.
{"title":"Biogas Production from Water Hyacinth","authors":"Adil Abdelwahab Sharaw, Tagwa Basheer Ahmed, Zakaria Anwar Zakaria","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i1.902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i1.902","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper the conversion of the Water Hyacinth into a clean energy that can be exploited widely by a process of fermenting inside ferment devices. Three laboratory scale digesters were designed with different Water Hyacinth samples mixed with , water and Catalyst, the first model contains a green sample, the second sample was dried and the third was mixed green and dry with concentration of (34%, 18% and,24%), respectively. After ten days of fermentation the research showed that, the greater production of biogas was in the first digester (A). The second production was from digester (C), which contains the green and dry sample. The last one was digester (B) which contains the dry sample only with total volumes of (162509.71, 139273.12, 91540.35) cubic centimetres, respectively. The research shows that the green sample is the best in terms of the amount of gas produced.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87902583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed S. A. Mahmoud, Abdalla K. A. Almahi, Omran J. B. Elamein, Mohaiad O. M. Elbasheer
The objective of this study is to monitor the effect of storing, handling and adding chemical improvers on bread’s shelf life, through studying the change on bread’s quality parameters (taste, color, odor and texture) with time. Two types of bread (A and B) were baked; one with additionof chemicals (Banda Mixture of Enzyme and Additive(to its original ingredients(flour, yeast, sugar, salt and water)and the other without. Both types were bakedat 260 0C at the bakery of Food Research Center, Khartoum _ Each type of bread was stored using three modes of storage:(1) open plastic bag (2) closed plastic bag (3) paper bag.Hence there were six samples (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3). The samples were evaluated by 9 semi-trained tasters for 24 hours at 8hours’ intervals. The test results of the six samples were analyzed statistically using SPSS software version 16.00. The study concluded that the chemically improved bread (sample A) is better than the unimproved one (sample B) as it maintained its taste, color, odor, and texture over time. In terms of shelf life, paper bags provide relatively better quality for short period while plastic bags provide better shelf life for longer period.
{"title":"Bread’s Shelf Life Enhancement","authors":"Mohammed S. A. Mahmoud, Abdalla K. A. Almahi, Omran J. B. Elamein, Mohaiad O. M. Elbasheer","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i1.904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i1.904","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to monitor the effect of storing, handling and adding chemical improvers on bread’s shelf life, through studying the change on bread’s quality parameters (taste, color, odor and texture) with time. Two types of bread (A and B) were baked; one with additionof chemicals (Banda Mixture of Enzyme and Additive(to its original ingredients(flour, yeast, sugar, salt and water)and the other without. Both types were bakedat 260 0C at the bakery of Food Research Center, Khartoum _ Each type of bread was stored using three modes of storage:(1) open plastic bag (2) closed plastic bag (3) paper bag.Hence there were six samples (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3). The samples were evaluated by 9 semi-trained tasters for 24 hours at 8hours’ intervals. The test results of the six samples were analyzed statistically using SPSS software version 16.00. The study concluded that the chemically improved bread (sample A) is better than the unimproved one (sample B) as it maintained its taste, color, odor, and texture over time. In terms of shelf life, paper bags provide relatively better quality for short period while plastic bags provide better shelf life for longer period.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77845232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghada A. M. Abdu, Mohamed A. H. Abbas, Hamid A. Ali
Wireless access has become an essential part of modern society. Consequently, new wireless applications and services, as well as the number of wireless users, are sharply increasing. Cognitive radio has improved the spectral efficiency of licensed radio frequency bands by accessing unused part of the band opportunistically without interfering with a licensed primary user. Spectrum mobility improves fast and smooth transition that lead to minimum performance degradation. An important requirement of mobility management protocols is a good performance in relation to spectrum handoff. To reduce the adverse effects of spectrum handoff interrupted secondary users may be provided with a higher priority over new secondary users for utilizing the available spectrum band. In this paper a queuing model of a spectrum handoff scheme for cognitive radio wireless networks is proposed. The handoff performance of the secondary users operating in a heterogeneous spectrum situation composed of licensed channels and unlicensed channels is tested., Three types of users: primary users, new secondary users, and handoff (Interrupted) secondary users are considered. The discrete event Simulator Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) package tool is used to carry numerical calculations illustrating the effect of a priority queuing system on the performance of handoff of Secondary Users (SUs).
{"title":"Measurement of the Performance of a Cognitive Radio Spectrum Handoff Model","authors":"Ghada A. M. Abdu, Mohamed A. H. Abbas, Hamid A. Ali","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i1.903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i1.903","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless access has become an essential part of modern society. Consequently, new wireless applications and services, as well as the number of wireless users, are sharply increasing. Cognitive radio has improved the spectral efficiency of licensed radio frequency bands by accessing unused part of the band opportunistically without interfering with a licensed primary user. Spectrum mobility improves fast and smooth transition that lead to minimum performance degradation. An important requirement of mobility management protocols is a good performance in relation to spectrum handoff. To reduce the adverse effects of spectrum handoff interrupted secondary users may be provided with a higher priority over new secondary users for utilizing the available spectrum band. In this paper a queuing model of a spectrum handoff scheme for cognitive radio wireless networks is proposed. The handoff performance of the secondary users operating in a heterogeneous spectrum situation composed of licensed channels and unlicensed channels is tested., Three types of users: primary users, new secondary users, and handoff (Interrupted) secondary users are considered. The discrete event Simulator Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) package tool is used to carry numerical calculations illustrating the effect of a priority queuing system on the performance of handoff of Secondary Users (SUs).","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88997564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to investigate and present energy saving techniques in buildings. In this study, the effect of thermal insulation on cooling a residential building in Khartoum was evaluated using Elite's Commercial Load Calculation Software (Chvac). A model design of a common one storey household was considered. Ten scenarios of different insulations or configurations were applied in the simulation. The cooling load of the building without insulation was found to be 47.48kW (13.5ToR). Using double glass pane windows, insulated walls and insulated roof reduced the cooling load to 29.54kW (8.4ToR) which translates into 38% reduction in electricity consumption.
{"title":"The Influence of Thermal Insulation on Cooling a Residential Building in Khartoum","authors":"Mohammed E. S. Hassan, Omer E. E. Mohamed","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v11i1.900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v11i1.900","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to investigate and present energy saving techniques in buildings. In this study, the effect of thermal insulation on cooling a residential building in Khartoum was evaluated using Elite's Commercial Load Calculation Software (Chvac). A model design of a common one storey household was considered. Ten scenarios of different insulations or configurations were applied in the simulation. The cooling load of the building without insulation was found to be 47.48kW (13.5ToR). Using double glass pane windows, insulated walls and insulated roof reduced the cooling load to 29.54kW (8.4ToR) which translates into 38% reduction in electricity consumption.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73916170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the application of PSS with based damping controller FACTS device and describes a coordinated tuning of parameters. The FACTS device considered here is Static Var Compensator (SVC). The method proposed to optimize the controller parameters is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) with PSS and SVC-based damping controller is selected as a case study system. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these controllers, eigenvalues analysis and nonlinear simulation of this system are carried out under different loading conditions. The simulation results shows that PSS coordinated with SVC based stabilizer have outstanding fast damping of low frequency power system oscillations.
{"title":"Design of Coordinated PSS and SVC Damping Stabilizer for Low Frequency Oscillations Enhancement","authors":"K. Ramadan, Mohamed Osman, Ahmed Khaled","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i2.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i2.899","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the application of PSS with based damping controller FACTS device and describes a coordinated tuning of parameters. The FACTS device considered here is Static Var Compensator (SVC). The method proposed to optimize the controller parameters is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) with PSS and SVC-based damping controller is selected as a case study system. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these controllers, eigenvalues analysis and nonlinear simulation of this system are carried out under different loading conditions. The simulation results shows that PSS coordinated with SVC based stabilizer have outstanding fast damping of low frequency power system oscillations.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83284162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan, is experiencing severe planning problems including the lack of adequate levels of services, infrastructure, public transport, housing problems, environmental degradation and faintness of development controls. Four development plans were previously adopted since 1910, most of which were not adequately implemented as planned due to the absence of government's will, inadequate financial resources, and inadequate and unrealistic programs. A fifth structure plan has been prepared and adopted in 2009 for the next 25 years. The paper discusses the conformity of the plan proposal with sustainable development measures regarding five aspects that relate to the plan solutions viz., the methodology, development strategies, transportation, infrastructure, and development controls in order to avoid the destiny of the former plans that were unsatisfactorily implemented. The paper, applying deductive and comparative research methods, questioned the validity and sustainability of the plan's outcome such as creating nine new satellite towns to accommodate six million people for such an already sprawled city. The paper also highlighted some locational and land use planning problems of urban activities that also question the issue of sustainability.
{"title":"Khartoum Structure Plan's Strategies: A Review of Sustainability, Action and Prospects","authors":"Abdulhafeez Awad Hafazalla","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i2.898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i2.898","url":null,"abstract":"Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan, is experiencing severe planning problems including the lack of adequate levels of services, infrastructure, public transport, housing problems, environmental degradation and faintness of development controls. Four development plans were previously adopted since 1910, most of which were not adequately implemented as planned due to the absence of government's will, inadequate financial resources, and inadequate and unrealistic programs. A fifth structure plan has been prepared and adopted in 2009 for the next 25 years. The paper discusses the conformity of the plan proposal with sustainable development measures regarding five aspects that relate to the plan solutions viz., the methodology, development strategies, transportation, infrastructure, and development controls in order to avoid the destiny of the former plans that were unsatisfactorily implemented. The paper, applying deductive and comparative research methods, questioned the validity and sustainability of the plan's outcome such as creating nine new satellite towns to accommodate six million people for such an already sprawled city. The paper also highlighted some locational and land use planning problems of urban activities that also question the issue of sustainability.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79505787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hind Ali. M. Saad, Hamid Ali Abbas, Mohamed Ali Abbas
Cognitive radio is considered as an intelligent wireless communication system proposed to improve the utilization of the radio electromagnetic spectrum. In CR technology the secondary users take the responsibility of dynamically sensing and accessing any unused channels in the spectrum allocated to the licensed users. As spectrum sensing consumes considerable energy, predictive methods for inferring the availability of spectrum holes can reduce energy consumption of the unlicensed users to only sense those channels which are likely to be idle. It also helps to improve the spectrum utilizations. Several prediction techniques have been used to predict spectrum utilization. However, most of current approaches do not consider seasonality in spectrum workload, for example most of the channels are busy during business hours in mobile phone bands. This paper; proposes a channel status predictor based on the multiplicative seasonal model called Holt-Winters’ method. The proposed prediction method has the ability to adapt with changes in trends and seasonal patterns of the sensing observations. Performance analysis and the accuracy of the channel status prediction schemes are investigated.
{"title":"An Improved Energy Detection Scheme Based on Channel Prediction In CR Networks","authors":"Hind Ali. M. Saad, Hamid Ali Abbas, Mohamed Ali Abbas","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v8i2.895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v8i2.895","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radio is considered as an intelligent wireless communication system proposed to improve the utilization of the radio electromagnetic spectrum. In CR technology the secondary users take the responsibility of dynamically sensing and accessing any unused channels in the spectrum allocated to the licensed users. As spectrum sensing consumes considerable energy, predictive methods for inferring the availability of spectrum holes can reduce energy consumption of the unlicensed users to only sense those channels which are likely to be idle. It also helps to improve the spectrum utilizations. Several prediction techniques have been used to predict spectrum utilization. However, most of current approaches do not consider seasonality in spectrum workload, for example most of the channels are busy during business hours in mobile phone bands. This paper; proposes a channel status predictor based on the multiplicative seasonal model called Holt-Winters’ method. The proposed prediction method has the ability to adapt with changes in trends and seasonal patterns of the sensing observations. Performance analysis and the accuracy of the channel status prediction schemes are investigated.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85610050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although various techniques exist for remediation of wastewater, electrochemical technology and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes are the most promising and innovating methods for destroying and eliminating a broad-range of organic and inorganic contaminants presented in the produced water effluents. This study presents integrated electrochemical treatment techniques including electrocoagulation process, electrooxidation process and electro-Fenton process for a real produced water, supplied by an oil company. The electrocoagulation method was conducted by iron and aluminum electrodes, electrooxidation method by graphite electrodes and the electro-Fenton method by iron and graphite electrodes. The experiments were performed in the same electrolytic batch cell with the same spacing between electrodes and electrode surface. The feasibility of treatment processes was monitored by the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).As a result of the study, the most efficient technology was the electrooxidation process where the removal efficiencies of TOC and COD were 93.5 % and 94 %, respectively. Additionally, electro-Fenton process led to higher removal efficiencies reaching 85 % and 87 % for TOC and COD, respectively. The electrocoagulation treatment of produced water by using iron and aluminum electrodes was moderately efficient for removal of TOC. However, it was inefficient for removal of COD. Furthermore, electrocoagulation remediation was proved to be an effective method for removal of inorganic species such as calcium, magnesium and sulfate. It can be concluded that electrochemical methods could be used for effective produced water treatment where it can be safely disposed of or effectively reused for injection and irrigation.
{"title":"Treatment of Oilfield Produced Water Using Three Electrochemical Processes: Comparative Study","authors":"Wahbi Al‐Ameri, Ahmed Elhassan, R. Maher","doi":"10.53332/kuej.v11i2.858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53332/kuej.v11i2.858","url":null,"abstract":"Although various techniques exist for remediation of wastewater, electrochemical technology and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes are the most promising and innovating methods for destroying and eliminating a broad-range of organic and inorganic contaminants presented in the produced water effluents. This study presents integrated electrochemical treatment techniques including electrocoagulation process, electrooxidation process and electro-Fenton process for a real produced water, supplied by an oil company. The electrocoagulation method was conducted by iron and aluminum electrodes, electrooxidation method by graphite electrodes and the electro-Fenton method by iron and graphite electrodes. The experiments were performed in the same electrolytic batch cell with the same spacing between electrodes and electrode surface. The feasibility of treatment processes was monitored by the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).As a result of the study, the most efficient technology was the electrooxidation process where the removal efficiencies of TOC and COD were 93.5 % and 94 %, respectively. Additionally, electro-Fenton process led to higher removal efficiencies reaching 85 % and 87 % for TOC and COD, respectively. The electrocoagulation treatment of produced water by using iron and aluminum electrodes was moderately efficient for removal of TOC. However, it was inefficient for removal of COD. Furthermore, electrocoagulation remediation was proved to be an effective method for removal of inorganic species such as calcium, magnesium and sulfate. It can be concluded that electrochemical methods could be used for effective produced water treatment where it can be safely disposed of or effectively reused for injection and irrigation.","PeriodicalId":23461,"journal":{"name":"University of Khartoum Engineering Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74374971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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