Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Preclinical immunogenicity studies of Haemophilus influenzae type a glycoconjugate vaccine","authors":"Gowri Chellappan ,&nbsp;Florence Seal ,&nbsp;Winston Umakanth Balasundaram ,&nbsp;Yutai Zhao ,&nbsp;Giriraj Chalke ,&nbsp;Shangdong Guo ,&nbsp;Gowthami Jagruthi Penumaka ,&nbsp;Geetha Karengil ,&nbsp;Amandeep Grewal ,&nbsp;Rashmi Ghayal ,&nbsp;Jen Gan ,&nbsp;Richa Puri ,&nbsp;Dimple Reshma Machado ,&nbsp;Aakriti Bajracharya ,&nbsp;Pradip Ghate ,&nbsp;Anup Datta ,&nbsp;Subhash V. Kapre","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> type a (Hia) disease is associated with fatality and morbidity, predominantly in children from Northern indigenous communities in Canada and Alaska. Symptoms include but are not limited to meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia, otitis media and bacteremia. A key virulence factor associated with Hia pathogenesis is the bacterial capsular polysaccharides. Prophylactic vaccines targeting the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) antigens is considered a promising intervention strategy given the effectiveness of polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against diverse bacterial pathogens. In the same vein, we in this study have presented the development of Hia conjugate vaccine involving hydrazide-polyethylene glycol-hydrazide linker with rCRM197 as a carrier protein. Preclinical immunogenicity data indicated induction of robust serum bactericidal antibody responses at a 10-μg CPS antigen dose in rabbits like the PedvaxHIB® comparator, leading to evaluation of the Hia vaccine candidate in Phase I clinical trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146004800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory mechanisms of menstrual cycle changes following COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents","authors":"Ariel B. Handy ,&nbsp;Boyu Ren ,&nbsp;Laura C. Seidman ,&nbsp;Steven W. Granger ,&nbsp;Laura A. Payne","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Changes in menstrual cycle characteristics following COVID-19 vaccination have been reported in women and adolescent girls, yet the biological mechanisms underlying these changes remain poorly understood. Inflammation, though frequently hypothesized as a possible mechanism underlying this finding, has yet to be explicitly studied. Thus, the present study examined the relationships of ovarian hormones and inflammatory processes pre- and post-COVID-19 booster vaccination to menstrual changes among adolescent girls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>47 adolescent girls aged 13–20 who received a COVID-19 booster vaccination provided saliva samples and completed self-reported measures at five time points across the menstrual cycle. Saliva samples were assayed for inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and ovarian hormones estradiol (E2) and progesterone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher levels of IL-1β, measured 24 h post-vaccination, were significantly associated with shorter cycle length in the cycle during which the booster was administered. No significant effects were found for ovarian hormones or other inflammatory markers. Cluster analyses based on anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels identified two distinct immune response profiles (high and low responders), though this was not significantly associated with menstrual cycle changes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β plays a significant role in explaining the shortening of the menstrual cycle following COVID-19 vaccination in adolescent girls, primarily impacting the cycle in which the vaccine was received This finding suggests that vaccine-induced inflammation can influence menstrual cycle regulation in adolescents, possibly due to the immaturity of the HPO-axes during adolescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146004808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of full immunization among children under five in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2013–2025)","authors":"Tafadzwa Dzinamarira ,&nbsp;Oscar Mano ,&nbsp;Godfrey Musuka ,&nbsp;Roda Madziva ,&nbsp;Noah Mataruse ,&nbsp;Elliot Mbunge ,&nbsp;Sphamandla Josias Nkambule ,&nbsp;Enos Moyo","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite global progress in childhood immunization, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) continues to report suboptimal coverage and high under-five mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the prevalence and determinants of full immunization among children under five in SSA between 2013 and 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched six electronic databases for studies published between January 2013 and May 2025 that reported the prevalence and/or determinants of full immunization in SSA. Eligible studies were original, peer-reviewed quantitative research. Data were analysed using random-effects meta-analysis, with subgroup and sensitivity analyses conducted to explore heterogeneity. Determinants were synthesised using pooled odds ratios (ORs) where applicable.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-one studies comprising 299,898 children were included. The pooled prevalence of full immunization was 51% (95% CI: 45%–58%), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 100%). Prevalence varied widely across studies from 6% to 96%. Subgroup analyses revealed lower coverage in recent years and in studies with larger sample sizes. Key positive determinants of full immunization included maternal education (OR = 2.70), paternal education (OR = 2.48), antenatal care attendance (OR = 0.23 for non-attendance), institutional delivery (OR = 2.99), and household wealth (OR = 2.45). Children in rural areas (OR = 0.55) and those with mothers of higher parity (OR = 0.67) were less likely to be fully immunised.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Full immunization coverage in SSA remains well below global targets, with wide disparities by country, socioeconomic status, and maternal healthcare utilization. Strengthening maternal health services, improving education, and addressing health system barriers are critical to improving coverage and reducing preventable child deaths in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel hypothetical protein (SAUSA300_1684) confers excellent protection against multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in the murine model","authors":"Pranaya M. Mishra ,&nbsp;Suman Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Ravi S. Manhas ,&nbsp;Sakshi R. Lokwani ,&nbsp;Diksha Sharma ,&nbsp;Dipak Dutta ,&nbsp;Manoj K. Baranwal ,&nbsp;Ravi P.N. Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> is a leading cause of nosocomial infections, including sepsis, bacteraemia, pneumonia, and endocarditis, and continues to pose a major public health challenge due to escalating multidrug resistance and the absence of an effective vaccine. To address this unmet clinical need, we employed a machine learning–guided reverse vaccinology approach to systematically interrogate the <em>S. aureus</em> proteome for novel vaccine antigens. This strategy led to the identification of eight previously uncharacterized hypothetical proteins with predicted immunogenic properties. Among these, SAUSA300_1684 protein (designated IMTS8) was prioritized for detailed translational evaluation. IMTS8 was found to be highly conserved across major clinical <em>S. aureus</em> lineages and expressed throughout growth phases of the methicillin-resistant strain USA300-FPR3757. Analysis of the surface-shaved proteome revealed that IMTS8 is likely exposed on the bacterial surface, a finding further substantiated by immunofluorescence microscopy. Immunization of mice with recombinant adjuvanted IMTS8 elicited strong antigen-specific IgG responses and conferred near-complete protection in a murine staphylococcal infection model. Collectively, these findings identify IMTS8 as a promising protein subunit vaccine candidate for the prevention of multidrug-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> infections. In addition, this study highlights the translational utility of machine learning–based reverse vaccinology as an effective platform for accelerating antigen discovery against antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-marketing safety surveillance of the BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) COVID-19 vaccine in Peruvian healthcare workers: A retrospective analysis of a Pharmacovigilance Center","authors":"L. Yesenia Rodríguez-Tanta ,&nbsp;Raquel Delgado-Escalante ,&nbsp;Tania del Pilar Solis-Yucra ,&nbsp;Enrique Cachay Rojas ,&nbsp;Guisela Alva Lozada ,&nbsp;Liz E. Veramendi-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Vladimir Espinoza-Ildefonso ,&nbsp;Violeta Saromo-Meléndez ,&nbsp;Anaís Lazarte-Ramos ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Aldave ,&nbsp;Mariela Milla Pimentel ,&nbsp;Carla Garcia Torres ,&nbsp;Claudia Rentería Valdiviezo ,&nbsp;Víctor E. Lechuga-Noa","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) was first introduced in Peru among healthcare workers. We evaluated its safety profile by analyzing adverse events following immunization (AEFI) reports and conducting clinical and causality assessments for cases meeting criteria for adverse events of special interest (AESI) and serious adverse events (SAEs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Pharmacovigilance Center of EsSalud. We identified, estimated the overall reporting rate, and described key characteristics of AEFI reports, including differences by gender and age group. Clinicians trained in vaccine safety performed clinical assessments for AESIs and SAEs based on medical records and conducted formal causality assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From February to August 2021, we identified 2280 AEFI reports (1052 per 100,000 doses; 95% CI 1009–1097), corresponding to 4376 adverse event terms. Of these, 22 met AESI criteria, with only two anaphylaxis cases causally linked to the vaccine (A1). The remaining 4354 events were grouped into 14 MedDRA SOC categories, with nervous system disorders (30%) and injection site reactions (11%) most frequent. Gastrointestinal events were more common in women (12.6% vs. 7.9%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), while men reported more general disorders (16% vs. 10.9%, p &lt; 0.001). Adults ≥65 years reported more vascular and eye disorders. Fifteen events were categorized as SAEs and classified as category C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This first post-marketing safety evaluation of BBIBP-CorV among Peruvian healthcare personnel found a low AEFI reporting rate, with mostly mild events. Access to medical records enabled accurate assessment, supporting local pharmacovigilance and public health decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bromelain-cleaved hemagglutinin production from cell culture-derived influenza viruses enhances vaccine potency quantification by single radial immunodiffusion assay","authors":"Ohseok Jeong ,&nbsp;Wooyoung Choi ,&nbsp;Hyebin Ahn ,&nbsp;Seonghyun Lee ,&nbsp;Yong Wook Park ,&nbsp;Hun Kim ,&nbsp;Jae-Hwan Nam","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) assay remains the gold standard for determining influenza vaccine potency. Accurate SRID assays require high-purity antigens and strain-specific antisera that closely match circulating viruses. However, mutations in influenza viruses propagated in traditional egg-based systems affect antigenicity and assay accuracy. Therefore, we optimized bromelain-cleaved hemagglutinin (BHA) production from cell culture-derived influenza viruses, specifically targeting A/H3N2 and B/Victoria lineage strains. We employed a sequential enzymatic digestion strategy and successfully generated highly purified BHA with improved antigen yield and minimal neuraminidase contamination. The resulting antisera demonstrated strong, strain-specific reactivity. Subsequent SRID assays confirmed that homologous antigen–antiserum pairs derived from cell culture-derived materials provided significantly more accurate hemagglutinin quantification than the heterologous or egg-derived combinations. These findings highlight the need to match antigen and antiserum sources. Further, cell culture-derived reagents could be used to enhance assay reliability, advancing influenza vaccine standardization and quality control in cell-based vaccine production. By demonstrating the importance of antigen–antiserum matching and optimizing BHA production from cell culture-derived influenza viruses, this study establishes a practical foundation for improving the reliability of SRID-based potency testing and advancing the standardization of next-generation influenza vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant spike protein COVID vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and transplant recipient","authors":"Ahamed Lazim Vattoth ,&nbsp;Mary S. Hayney ,&nbsp;Amir Masoud Forati ,&nbsp;Brandy Warren ,&nbsp;Raj Kalkeri ,&nbsp;Miranda R. Cai ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Cai ,&nbsp;MingZhu Zhu ,&nbsp;Shane Cloney-Clark ,&nbsp;Joyce S. Plested ,&nbsp;Sandesh Parajuli ,&nbsp;Freddy Caldera","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Immunosuppressed individuals are at increased risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Although mRNA vaccines have shown efficacy in these populations, data on protein-based vaccines remain limited. We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of Novavax COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2601) in immunosuppressed patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center, prospective ARMOR study included adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or solid organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy who had received ≥3 prior COVID-19 vaccine doses. Participants received one NVX-CoV2601 booster with follow-up at one and six months. The primary outcome was change in humoral immunogenicity from baseline to one month post-vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one immunosuppressed patients (18 IBD, 3 solid organ transplant recipients) were enrolled and compared with 57 age/sex-matched healthy controls. In ARMOR participants, anti-spike IgG GMT increased significantly post-immunization (22,969 to 66,639 EU/mL; 2.9-fold increase, <em>p</em> = 0.001). Healthy controls increased from 54,812 to 129,813 EU/mL (2.4-fold increase; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). After baseline adjustment, no significant difference existed between groups at day 28. At 6 months, antibodies waned faster in immunosuppressed subjects. NVX-CoV2601 was well tolerated without IBD flares or organ rejection.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NVX-CoV2601 was safe and immunogenic with similar humoral responses compared to healthy controls, making it a viable alternative for immunosuppressed patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological responses to tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) vaccine in Brazilian hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients","authors":"Rolando Paternina-De La Ossa,&nbsp;Maria Carolina Oliveira,&nbsp;Jorge Alberto Achcar,&nbsp;Djúlio César Zanin- Silva,&nbsp;Thalita Cristina Mello Costa,&nbsp;Luiz Guilherme Darrigo-Junior,&nbsp;Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Among hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, morbidity and mortality are largely related to infectious diseases, many of which are vaccine-preventable. The present study aimed to assess the immune response of HSCT patients to the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis inactivated vaccine (Tdap).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>This quasi-experimental study, with individually matched data collection in HSCT patients from January 2018 to December 2020, evaluated sixteen patients for their immune response to each of the Tdap components. The immunization schedule included three doses of Tdap, with a minimum interval of 30 days between each dose, starting at 6 months post-transplantation. Immune competence was measured before vaccination by quantifying CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+ frequencies, as well as serum immunoglobulin levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the complete immunization schedule, for diphtheria, we observed a Geometric Mean Concentration (GMC) rise from 0.2509 IU/mL at baseline to 0.7544 IU/mL post-vaccination, <em>p</em> = 0.001. For tetanus, GMC increased from 0.353 to 1.153 IU/mL, p = 0.001. For pertussis, GMC was 31.9 IU/mL before and 99.3 IU/mL after vaccination. Due to the non-normal distribution of pertussis data and a marginal frequentist result (<em>p</em> = 0.077), we used Bayesian analysis assuming an exponential distribution. This model identified a significant increase in antibody levels, with a posterior mean difference (θ) of 58.55 IU/mL and a 95% Credibility Interval (23.9–109.0) that excluded zero, confirming an adequate vaccine response.</div><div>For the entire Tdap vaccination period, CD4+ cell frequencies remained low, while CD8+, CD19+, and immunoglobulin titers remained within normal range. Immune responses to each of the Tdap vaccine components were not affected (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) by any of the clinical, demographic, or immunological variables assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The overall Tdap vaccine post-transplant response was considered adequate for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. These findings highlight the immune response to Tdap in transplanted patients and may inform future vaccination guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccine refusal during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study","authors":"Amélie Mallet ,&nbsp;Louis-Baptiste Jaunay ,&nbsp;Philippe Jaury ,&nbsp;Henri Partouche","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As in other countries, France has implemented unprecedented measures to restrict freedoms to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid development and widespread availability of new vaccines in early 2021 have undoubtedly saved many lives. However, despite the implementation and maintenance of a strong incentive policy over several months, more than 6.5% of the French population eligible for vaccination had not been vaccinated in August 2022,</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms and dynamics of vaccine refusal among individuals more than one year after they became eligible for COVID-19 vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative grounded theory-based survey was conducted between April 2022 and June 2023. Participants were recruited from various French regions to maximize sample diversity, excluding anti-vaccine activists, until sufficient data were collected. Coding and analysis were triangulated according to the COREQ criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Ten in-depth interviews with a mean duration of 57 min (median: 54 min) were conducted. None of the participants reported refusing all vaccines. However, most had been scarred by past vaccine controversies in France. Common features of vaccine hesitancy were observed, including concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety and a lack of perceived severity of personal infection. However, resistance to social norms and a strong emphasis on individual freedoms were particularly reported. Being labeled as unvaccinated, combined with the questioning of fundamental values, contributed to participants maintaining their position.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although vaccination was crucial for controlling the pandemic, this study highlighted the need to implement careful, targeted communication strategies to prevent long-term negative effects of the growing number of vaccine-reluctant individuals on community health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 128206"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are hemagglutinin-only influenza vaccines as effective as conventional influenza vaccines against severe infection?","authors":"Philippe De Wals ,&nbsp;Jesse Papenburg ,&nbsp;Rodica Gilca ,&nbsp;Nicholas Brousseau","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 128234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}