Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Vaccine spillover effects in Africa: A cross-national study of vaccine spillover and confidence in Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa","authors":"Alee Lockman ,&nbsp;Timothy Callaghan ,&nbsp;Christine Crudo Blackburn ,&nbsp;Brian Colwell","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vaccine hesitancy and a distrust of the COVID-19 vaccine is widespread in many African nations, stemming from historic medical abuses and low confidence in governments. While studies have examined drivers of vaccine hesitancy in Africa, little is known about vaccine spillover effects: how prior experiences with vaccines influence individuals' confidence in vaccines and future vaccination behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a large online survey conducted across three African countries (Kenya, <em>N</em> = 1545; Nigeria, <em>N</em> = 1557; South Africa, <em>N</em> = 1588), we examined five measures of vaccine spillover: how experiences with the COVID-19 vaccination process influenced respondents' confidence in the safety, efficacy, and importance of all vaccines approved for use in their country, and the likelihood of vaccinating themselves or their children in the future. Multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with each of the five outcome measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Large numbers of individuals in all three countries experienced positive vaccine spillover: becoming more likely to vaccinate in the future and experiencing greater confidence in vaccines, due to their prior experiences with the COVID-19 vaccination process. The highest positive spillover effects were observed in Kenya, with 71 % reporting a greater likelihood of vaccinating themselves in the future, compared to just 60.1 % of Nigerian respondents and 51.7 % of South African respondents. Multivariate models provide evidence that demographic correlates of positive vaccine spillover vary across nations; however, prior vaccination, misinformation endorsement, and confidence in government both consistently predict spillover in all three nations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that while drivers of vaccine spillover are country specific, strategies to address COVID-19 misinformation and to strengthen individuals' trust in government may help facilitate greater vaccine uptake in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal ascending paralysis after typhoid vaccine: Guillain and Barré's description of the very first case","authors":"Eelco F.M. Wijdicks","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background:</em> Albeit rare, Guillain - Barré syndrome (GBS) has been associated with several vaccines. Surveys of these associations have not looked before 1950. Herein, I revisit the first described case of vaccine-associated GBS, manifesting during the Great War and to prevent typhoid.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Review of primary and secondary source material. Description of a landmark case.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Review of a report of a 31-year-old brigadier who was revaccinated with “vaccin TAB” (a triple antityphoid-paratyphoid vaccine A and B) which days later was followed by rapid progression of limb weakness, oropharyngeal weakness and fatal neuromuscular respiratory weakness. Cerebrospinal fluid showed mild pleocytosis and increased protein (albumen). There was a normal brain and spinal cord at autopsy.</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> This is the first reported case of a vaccine-associated GBS<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"Article 126443"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal immunization with CPAF combined with ADU-S100 induces an effector CD4 T cell response and reduces bacterial burden following intravaginal infection with Chlamydia muridarum","authors":"Taylor B. Poston ,&nbsp;Jenna Girardi ,&nbsp;Marie Kim ,&nbsp;Peter Zwarycz ,&nbsp;A. Grace Polson ,&nbsp;Kacy S. Yount ,&nbsp;Courtne Hanlan ,&nbsp;Ian Jaras Salas ,&nbsp;Sarah Mae Lammert ,&nbsp;Daisy Arroyo ,&nbsp;Tony Bruno ,&nbsp;Manhong Wu ,&nbsp;James Rozzelle ,&nbsp;Jeff Fairman ,&nbsp;Aaron P. Esser-Kahn ,&nbsp;Toni Darville","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> (Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection globally, and a vaccine is urgently needed to stop transmission and disease. Chlamydial Protease Activity Factor (CPAF) is an immunoprevalent and immunodominant antigen for CD4 T cells and B cells, which makes it a strong vaccine candidate. Due to the tolerogenic nature of the female genital tract (FGT) and its lack of secondary lymphoid tissue, effective induction of protective cell-mediated immunity will likely require potent and safe mucosal adjuvants. To address this need, we produced CPAF in a cell-free protein synthesis platform and adjuvanted it with the TLR9-agonist CpG1826, a synthetic cyclic-di-AMP (CDA) STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist ADU-S100, and/or the squalene oil-in-water nanoemulsion, AddaS03. We determined that intranasal immunization with CPAF plus ADU-S100 was well tolerated in female mice, induced CD4 T cells characterized by TNFα production alone or in combination with IL-17 A or IFNγ, significantly reduced bacterial shedding, and shortened the duration of infection in mice intravaginally challenged with <em>Chlamydia muridarum</em>. These data demonstrate the potential for CDA as a mucosal adjuvant for vaccines against Chlamydia genital tract infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to objective/sensationalist information moderates associations between psychological factors and COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes: An experimental study","authors":"Aldo Aguirre-Camacho ,&nbsp;Beatriz Hidalgo ,&nbsp;Joshua A. Rash","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research examining the relationship between psychological factors and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has been mostly based on observational designs, with little attention devoted to the role of exposure to objective/sensationalist information.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This experimental study examined the extent to which exposure to objective or sensationalist news headlines: 1) influenced COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes; and 2) moderated the relationship between psychological factors and COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>123 participants (mean age = 28.55, SD = 11.44) completed measures of psychological factors previously associated with vaccine hesitancy (i.e. social norms regarding COVID-19, adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), perceived health competence, trust in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and COVID-19 risk perception). Next, participants were randomly assigned to view nine print news headlines about COVID-19 vaccines that were depicted in objective or sensationalist terms. Finally, participants completed a measure of COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes. A <em>t</em>-test and simple slope analyses were performed to assess whether there were group differences in COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes between participants exposed to objective or sensationalist information, and whether exposure to objective or sensationalist information moderated the relationship between psychological factors and COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants exposed to sensationalist news headlines reported stronger COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes than those exposed to objective headlines. Exposure to objective or sensationalist news headlines moderated the relationship between several psychological factors (i.e. adherence to NPIs, perceived health competence, and trust in CAM) and COVID-19 anti-vaccination attitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results highlight that a joint focus on psychological factors and exposure to objective/sensationalist information may contribute to gain a better understanding of vaccine hesitancy in the context of the COVID-19 infodemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity of a classical swine fever bait vaccine (Flc-LOM- BErns) in hybrid-wild boars","authors":"SeEun Choe ,&nbsp;Gyu-Nam Park ,&nbsp;Ki-Sun Kim ,&nbsp;Jihye Shin ,&nbsp;Byung-Hyun An ,&nbsp;Dong-Jun An","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To identify the best method of distributing vaccine baits for animals, the oral vaccine Flc-LOM-BE^rns was buried or placed directly on the ground within a mountainous area measuring 163 ha. Wild boars were observed more often around sites where the oral vaccine was buried than around sites where the oral vaccine was placed directly on the ground. Only wild boars consumed both the bait and the vaccine formulation. To confirm whether the Flc-LOM-BE^rns vaccine strain has DIVA function, it was spread or buried within a mountainous area of 2.3 ha that was frequented by grazing hybrid-wild boars. Among the 15 hybrid-wild boars captured before consuming the oral vaccine, two were positive for anti-CSFV E2, but negative for anti-BVDV E^rns antibodies. The CSFV E2 and BVDV E^rns antibody positivity rates in 46 hybrid-wild boars captured 6 weeks after distributing the oral vaccine were 56.5 % (26/46, 95 % CI: 42.2–69.7) and 52.1 % (24/46, 95 % CI: 38.1–65.8), respectively. However, the CSFV E2 and BVDV E^rns antibody positivity rates at 28 weeks post-distribution of the oral vaccine decreased by 10.3 % and 13.7 %, respectively, when compared with those in hybrid-wild boars captured after 6 weeks. Since the antibody positivity rates induced by the oral vaccine decreased after 7 months, it is necessary to distribute the oral vaccine at least twice a year (early spring and late fall).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase II study on the safety and immunogenicity of single-dose intramuscular or intranasal administration of the AVX/COVID-12 “Patria” recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine as a heterologous booster against COVID-19 in Mexico","authors":"Constantino López-Macías ,&nbsp;Martha Torres ,&nbsp;Brenda Armenta-Copca ,&nbsp;Niels H. Wacher ,&nbsp;Laura Castro-Castrezana ,&nbsp;Andrea Alicia Colli-Domínguez ,&nbsp;Tania Rivera-Hernández ,&nbsp;Alejandro Torres-Flores ,&nbsp;Matilde Damián-Hernández ,&nbsp;Luis Ramírez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Georgina Paz-De la Rosa ,&nbsp;Oscar Rojas-Martínez ,&nbsp;Alejandro Suárez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Gustavo Peralta-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Claudia Carranza ,&nbsp;Esmeralda Juárez ,&nbsp;Horacio Zamudio-Meza ,&nbsp;Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi ,&nbsp;Mercedes Viettri ,&nbsp;Damaris Romero-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Bernardo Lozano-Dubernard","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global inequity in the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines underscores the urgent need for innovative and cost-effective vaccine technologies to address access disparities and implement local manufacturing capabilities. This is essential for achieving and sustaining widespread immunity, and for ensuring timely protection of vulnerable populations during future booster campaigns in lower- middle income countries (LMICs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To address this need, we conducted a phase II clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the locally manufactured AVX/COVID-12 “Patria” (AVX) vaccine as a booster dose. The vaccine was administered either intramuscularly (IM) or intranasally (IN) to participants who had previously completed a vaccination regimen for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using adenoviral vector, inactivated virus, or mRNA-based vaccines. Participants with initial anti-spike IgG titers below 1,200 U/mL were included, allowing us to observe the booster effect induced by vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both IM and IN immunization with AVX were found to be safe and well-tolerated. The vaccine induced a significant (&gt;2.5-fold) increase in neutralizing antibodies against the ancestral Wuhan strain and variants of concern (VOCs), including Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron (BA.2 and BA.5). This immune response was further supported by increased cellular production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), demonstrating a robust and multifaceted immune reaction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The administration of AVX as a booster dose, whether through IM or IN routes, was safe and well-tolerated. The vaccine extended immune responses not only against the ancestral Wuhan-1 strain but also against various VOCs. Its ability to enhance preexisting immune responses suggests a potential contribution to expanding and sustaining herd immunity within the population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification and validation of a vaccine hesitancy scale for adolescent COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Annette K. Regan ,&nbsp;Marie-Claude Couture ,&nbsp;Timothy Callaghan ,&nbsp;Brianna Agnew ,&nbsp;Jillian Baker ,&nbsp;Onyebuchi A. Arah","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vaccine hesitancy is an urgent public health threat. While tools have been developed to monitor vaccine hesitancy among parents and the general adult population, no such tool exists for adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We modified an existing adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale to create a teen COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (tVHS-COVID) for adolescents and their parents. To validate our scale, we conducted a nationally representative survey of 764 parent-teen dyads. We performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the factor structure followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the factor structure validity using two random subsets. We evaluated internal consistency by Cronbach alpha values and construct validity by comparing tVHS-COVID scores to intention to receive future COVID-19 doses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EFA suggested a three-factor structure with 13-items. CFA indicated good fit for adolescents (CFI = 1.00; RMSEA = 0.023; SRMR = 0.062; NNFI-TLI = 0.998) and for parents (CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.031; SRMR = 0.028; NNFI-TLI = 1.00). Internal consistency exceeded 0.79 for adolescents and 0.78 for parents. As tVHS-COVID scores increased, the percent of adolescent and parent respondents who reported they were willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine decreased.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The tVHS-COVID offers a unique tool that can be used to monitor COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adolescents and their parents. As adolescents take on more proactive roles in medical decision-making, monitoring vaccine hesitancy among this population becomes increasingly important.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mumps virus neurovirulence assessment-impact of viral doses, animal sex and age on results dispersion","authors":"Maja Lang Balija,&nbsp;Maja Jagušić,&nbsp;Dubravko Forčić,&nbsp;Jelena Ivančić-Jelečki,&nbsp;Tanja Košutić Gulija","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mumps epidemics highlight the necessity for new live mumps vaccines. For vaccine candidate neurosafety assessment, the most commonly used test is the rat-based neurovirulence test (RNVT). Its main experimental and ethical deficiency is the results dispersion which requires large number of animals to obtain statistically relevant results.</div><div>To additionally characterize the RNVT the impact of two experimental animal characteristics, age for inoculation and sex, as well as range of infectious viral doses were analysed. Results obtained from two neurovirulent mumps viruses, SHdeopti-MRV2 and 9218/Zg98, demonstrated no corelation between animal sex and RNVT results (<em>p</em> = 0.9638 and <em>p</em> = 0.3337). Analysis of animal inoculation age found that hydrocephalus formation is impaired in neonatal rats older than 3 days. The inoculation period could be extended from first to the second postanatal day without the impact on RNVT results (<em>p</em> = 0.5865).</div><div>RNVT results demonstrated robustness to infectious doses in a range from 100 to 1000 PFU, but using the non-standard infectious doses,10 PFU or 100 CCID50, poses a risk of underestimating the neurovirulence potential of the MuV. However, none of the analysed parameters influenced the high dispersion of results.</div><div>In conclusion, although our finding will facilitate the implementation of the RNVT, the dispersion of the results indicates the need for a better mumps neurovirulence test that would align more closely with the 3R principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative effectiveness of homologous NVX-CoV2373 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccinations in South Korea","authors":"Eunseon Gwak ,&nbsp;Seung-Ah Choe ,&nbsp;Erdenetuya Bolormaa ,&nbsp;Young June Choe ,&nbsp;Chengbin Wang ,&nbsp;Jonathan Fix ,&nbsp;Muruga Vadivale ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Rousculp","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To estimate the relative effectiveness of NVX-CoV2373 versus BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 disease during the Omicron variant dominance in South Korea, we conducted a retrospective cohort-study among ≥12-year-olds using the K-COV-N database, which links COVID-19 vaccine registry data with health insurance claims data. The Cox proportional-hazards model and inverse probability of treatment weighting were employed to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs). Among homologous primary-series NVX-CoV2373 versus BNT162b2 recipients at Day 180 post-vaccination, the aHR was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87–0.93) for all laboratory-confirmed and 0.65 (95% CI: 0.48–0.88) for severe infections. Among homologous 1st-booster recipients, it was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01–1.30) for all laboratory-confirmed and 0.39 (95% CI: 0.20–0.75) for severe infections. At 180-days post-immunization, we observed homologous, NVX-CoV2373 primary-series added and 1st booster offered comparable protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection versus BNT162b2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination strategies to protect chickens from fowl adenovirus (FAdV)-induced diseases: A comprehensive review","authors":"Carlotta De Luca,&nbsp;Michael Hess","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, fowl adenovirus (FAdV)-induced diseases became a global problem with considerable impact on chicken health and welfare. This has prompted numerous studies to focus on experimental immunization strategies using whole virus formulations (live or killed vaccines), some of them modified as recombinantly constructed vector vaccines. In addition, FAdV capsid proteins were frequently reported as immunizing antigens (subunit vaccines), with fiber proteins being amongst the most successful candidates. To date, there is no standardized protocol to assess vaccine efficacy in experimental FAdV protection studies, with the consequence that the experimental settings present several degrees of variations even when sharing similar premises. Differences in formulation preparations, route of inoculation, antigen dose, vaccination scheme, choice of challenge strain, or type and age of the birds are capable to greatly influence the magnitude of the immune response and the consequent protective efficacy, altogether addressing remaining challenges. Beyond the antigen composition of a vaccine, the epidemiology of FAdVs with the potential of vertical transmission of virus and/or antibodies from breeders to progenies has a substantial impact on protection strategies. The goal of this review is to outline a broad overview of the findings made thus far regarding immunization strategies against diseases associated to FAdV infections, considering the literature published since the appearance of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) in the late Eighties, in order to emphasize the current knowledge on FAdV vaccines and highlight fields of future research and intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 126496"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}