Pub Date : 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106524
F.G. Silva , J.J. Cerón , C. Conceição , L. Pardo-Marín , A. Muñoz , J.O.L. Cerqueira , S.R. Silva , E. Lamy
This study investigated serum and saliva immunity, stress, and redox status biomarkers in dairy calves during the first week of life. Blood and saliva samples were collected from 20 calves on days 0, 1, 2, and 7 for the analysis of biomarkers related to innate immunity (myeloperoxidase, calprotectin), cellular (adenosine deaminase), humoral immunity (gamma-glutamyl transferase), stress (α-amylase) and redox status (ferric reducing ability). Colostrum was given to all calves (3.8 ± 0.64 L) within 96 ± 73 min of birth. On day 7, some calves showed signs of neonatal calf diarrhea, most likely due to nutritional factors. All biomarkers were measurable in both fluids from day 0. Myeloperoxidase, Calprotectin and adenosine deaminase were higher in saliva than in serum and significantly increased after colostrum intake. Biomarkers of humoral immunity were higher in serum, increasing with colostrum intake. A positive correlation was found between gamma-glutamyl transferase and IgG and IgA in saliva. Biomarkers of stress and redox status did not appear to change with colostrum intake. Neonatal calf diarrhea led to increased concentrations of some of the biomarkers analyzed, such as myeloperoxidase and α-amylase. These results highlight the effect of colostrum on the cellular and humoral immunity of calves and provide insights into the potential use of saliva to monitor immune and stress status.
{"title":"Immune, stress, and redox status biomarkers in newborn calves: Dynamics in serum and saliva during the first week of life","authors":"F.G. Silva , J.J. Cerón , C. Conceição , L. Pardo-Marín , A. Muñoz , J.O.L. Cerqueira , S.R. Silva , E. Lamy","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated serum and saliva immunity, stress, and redox status biomarkers in dairy calves during the first week of life. Blood and saliva samples were collected from 20 calves on days 0, 1, 2, and 7 for the analysis of biomarkers related to innate immunity (myeloperoxidase, calprotectin), cellular (adenosine deaminase), humoral immunity (gamma-glutamyl transferase), stress (α-amylase) and redox status (ferric reducing ability). Colostrum was given to all calves (3.8 ± 0.64 L) within 96 ± 73 min of birth. On day 7, some calves showed signs of neonatal calf diarrhea, most likely due to nutritional factors. All biomarkers were measurable in both fluids from day 0. Myeloperoxidase, Calprotectin and adenosine deaminase were higher in saliva than in serum and significantly increased after colostrum intake. Biomarkers of humoral immunity were higher in serum, increasing with colostrum intake. A positive correlation was found between gamma-glutamyl transferase and IgG and IgA in saliva. Biomarkers of stress and redox status did not appear to change with colostrum intake. Neonatal calf diarrhea led to increased concentrations of some of the biomarkers analyzed, such as myeloperoxidase and α-amylase. These results highlight the effect of colostrum on the cellular and humoral immunity of calves and provide insights into the potential use of saliva to monitor immune and stress status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106521
Paras Ahmad , Candace Lowe , Paulos Chumala , Walter L. Siqueira
Periodontitis, prevalent in humans and dogs, is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the oral hard and soft tissues. Salivary proteomics and protein homology may offer a non-invasive diagnosis, benefiting both species due to similarities in disease etiology and progression. This study compared (i) the proteomics profile of healthy and periodontitis dogs using mass spectrometry; and (ii) the protein homology of the identified differentially expressed proteins between humans and dogs. Twenty dogs were examined over six months, divided into two groups: ten healthy (control) and ten with periodontitis. Saliva samples were collected and analyzed using mass spectrometry. The study identified 855 proteins in healthy dogs and 849 in dogs with periodontitis, with a 96 % overlap. Notable shared proteins included abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein homolog, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, and myosin-2, while specific proteins, including myosin-13 and fibrocystin, were unique to healthy dogs, and G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 and hemoglobin subunit beta were unique to periodontitis dogs. In periodontitis dogs, proteins adenosine receptor A2b, apoptotic protease-activating factor 1, and calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 were upregulated, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4, laforin, and lens fiber major intrinsic protein were downregulated. The proteins were involved in second messenger signaling and drug response pathways, with complex interaction networks identified. Homology between human and dog proteins ranged from 78.3 % to 100 %, suggesting that these shared proteins could be relevant for cross-species periodontal research and diagnostics.
{"title":"Discovery proteomics to detect salivary biomarkers in dog and human periodontitis: Mass spectrometry-based analysis","authors":"Paras Ahmad , Candace Lowe , Paulos Chumala , Walter L. Siqueira","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periodontitis, prevalent in humans and dogs, is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the oral hard and soft tissues. Salivary proteomics and protein homology may offer a non-invasive diagnosis, benefiting both species due to similarities in disease etiology and progression. This study compared (i) the proteomics profile of healthy and periodontitis dogs using mass spectrometry; and (ii) the protein homology of the identified differentially expressed proteins between humans and dogs. Twenty dogs were examined over six months, divided into two groups: ten healthy (control) and ten with periodontitis. Saliva samples were collected and analyzed using mass spectrometry. The study identified 855 proteins in healthy dogs and 849 in dogs with periodontitis, with a 96 % overlap. Notable shared proteins included abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein homolog, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, and myosin-2, while specific proteins, including myosin-13 and fibrocystin, were unique to healthy dogs, and G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 and hemoglobin subunit beta were unique to periodontitis dogs. In periodontitis dogs, proteins adenosine receptor A2b, apoptotic protease-activating factor 1, and calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 were upregulated, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4, laforin, and lens fiber major intrinsic protein were downregulated. The proteins were involved in second messenger signaling and drug response pathways, with complex interaction networks identified. Homology between human and dog proteins ranged from 78.3 % to 100 %, suggesting that these shared proteins could be relevant for cross-species periodontal research and diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106522
Clara Wilson , Samantha Holden , Julianna King , Amritha Mallikarjun , Molly Buis , Cynthia M. Otto
Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a common, aggressive, and deadly vascular cancer in dogs that is usually diagnosed only at advanced stages. Because treatment options are limited once HSA is advanced, early detection is essential to improving survival and quality of life. Five trained bio-detection dogs were evaluated using double-blinded tests with automated olfactometer line-ups containing blood serum samples from dogs with confirmed HSA, non-cancerous diseases other than HSA (diseased controls), and healthy controls. All test samples were novel to the dogs. Across all 423 blinded trials, accuracy was 70.0 % (range = 57.1–78.6 %). First-trial accuracy, representing each dog’s initial response to a novel matched sample set, averaged 70.0 % (range = 58.3–83.3 %). When considering each dog’s first encounter with each sample, dogs achieved an overall sensitivity of 70.0 % and specificity of 70.0 %. A mixed-effects logistic regression showed that dogs alerted to HSA samples in 73.4 % of presentations, compared with 21.3 % of diseased controls and 17.1 % of healthy controls. Dogs were over 10 times more likely to alert to HSA than to diseased controls (OR = 10.2, p < .001) and over 13 times more likely than to healthy controls (OR = 13.3, p < .001). This study finds that trained dogs can distinguish serum samples from dogs with HSA from those of healthy and diseased controls, indicating that HSA produces a detectable odor signature. Conclusions are constrained by the limited number of HSA samples. These results suggest a potential feasibility of VOC-based detection for canine HSA.
血管肉瘤（HSA）是一种常见的、侵袭性的、致命的血管癌，通常只有在晚期才被诊断出来。由于一旦HSA进展，治疗选择有限，因此早期发现对于改善生存和生活质量至关重要。5只经过训练的生物检测犬采用双盲试验，采用自动嗅觉仪对血清样本进行评估，这些血清样本分别来自确诊HSA、非HSA的非癌性疾病（患病对照组）和健康对照组。所有的测试样本对狗来说都是新的。在所有423项盲法试验中，准确率为70.0%（范围= 57.1%至78.6%）。首试准确率，代表每只狗对新的匹配样本集的初始反应，平均为70.0%（范围= 58.3%至83.3%）。当考虑到每只狗第一次遇到每个样本时，狗的总体灵敏度为70.0%，特异性为70.0%。混合效应逻辑回归显示，73.4%的狗对HSA样本有反应，而患病对照组为21.3%，健康对照组为17.1%。狗对HSA的警觉性是患病对照的10倍以上(OR = 10.2, p
{"title":"Trained dogs can detect the odor of hemangiosarcoma in canine blood samples","authors":"Clara Wilson , Samantha Holden , Julianna King , Amritha Mallikarjun , Molly Buis , Cynthia M. Otto","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a common, aggressive, and deadly vascular cancer in dogs that is usually diagnosed only at advanced stages. Because treatment options are limited once HSA is advanced, early detection is essential to improving survival and quality of life. Five trained bio-detection dogs were evaluated using double-blinded tests with automated olfactometer line-ups containing blood serum samples from dogs with confirmed HSA, non-cancerous diseases other than HSA (diseased controls), and healthy controls. All test samples were novel to the dogs. Across all 423 blinded trials, accuracy was 70.0 % (range = 57.1–78.6 %). First-trial accuracy, representing each dog’s initial response to a novel matched sample set, averaged 70.0 % (range = 58.3–83.3 %). When considering each dog’s first encounter with each sample, dogs achieved an overall sensitivity of 70.0 % and specificity of 70.0 %. A mixed-effects logistic regression showed that dogs alerted to HSA samples in 73.4 % of presentations, compared with 21.3 % of diseased controls and 17.1 % of healthy controls. Dogs were over 10 times more likely to alert to HSA than to diseased controls (OR = 10.2, p < .001) and over 13 times more likely than to healthy controls (OR = 13.3, <em>p</em> < .001). This study finds that trained dogs can distinguish serum samples from dogs with HSA from those of healthy and diseased controls, indicating that HSA produces a detectable odor signature. Conclusions are constrained by the limited number of HSA samples. These results suggest a potential feasibility of VOC-based detection for canine HSA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106520
Hitesh Rana, Ratan Kumar Choudhary
This study investigated the immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative effects of canine adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy and lymphoma-affected dogs. SVF, a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), was isolated from canine periovarian adipose tissue and characterized by flow cytometry (CD45, CD44, and CD90), immunocytochemistry, and gene expression analyses (CD44, CD90, and CD105). Coculturing SVF with PBMCs showed that SVF significantly increased the population doubling time and decreased Ki-67 expression in PBMCs (3.5-fold) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SVF exhibited immunomodulatory properties by remarkably down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (44-fold; p = 0.0003) and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory cytokine PTGS1 (88-fold; p = 0.008). These findings confirm that canine SVF contains functional MSCs and possesses significant immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative capabilities against PBMCs, suggesting its therapeutic potential. This study also demonstrates coculture of SVF and PBMC as an in vitro model for studying therapeutic applications of stem cells in canine inflammatory and proliferative conditions.
{"title":"Immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative effects of canine adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction on peripheral blood mononuclear cells: An in vitro model for therapeutic applications","authors":"Hitesh Rana, Ratan Kumar Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative effects of canine adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy and lymphoma-affected dogs. SVF, a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), was isolated from canine periovarian adipose tissue and characterized by flow cytometry (CD45, CD44, and CD90), immunocytochemistry, and gene expression analyses (CD44, CD90, and CD105). Coculturing SVF with PBMCs showed that SVF significantly increased the population doubling time and decreased <em>Ki-67</em> expression in PBMCs (3.5-fold) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SVF exhibited immunomodulatory properties by remarkably down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine <em>TNF-α</em> (44-fold; p = 0.0003) and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory cytokine <em>PTGS1</em> (88-fold; p = 0.008). These findings confirm that canine SVF contains functional MSCs and possesses significant immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative capabilities against PBMCs, suggesting its therapeutic potential. This study also demonstrates coculture of SVF and PBMC as an <em>in vitro</em> model for studying therapeutic applications of stem cells in canine inflammatory and proliferative conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106518
Atakan Cortu , Muhammed Albayrak , Halil Ozan Demirtas , Latif Emrah Yanmaz
Anxiety during the first live-animal surgery represents a major challenge in veterinary training, potentially affecting both performance and learning outcomes. Classical music has been suggested as a non-invasive strategy to moderate stress, while the degree of supervisory authority may further modulate students’ emotional and behavioural responses. This study evaluated the effects of classical music exposure and supervisory authority on perioperative anxiety and surgical performance in final-year veterinary students performing their first feline ovariohysterectomy. Forty students were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 10 each): assistant professor supervision without music (AP), assistant professor with music (AP-M), research assistant without music (RA), and research assistant with music (RA-M). Music consisted of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K.448, delivered via headphones for 30 min preoperatively. Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory before and after intervention and following surgery. Operative duration was recorded from skin incision to closure. The AP-M was associated with increased state anxiety, whereas no significant changes occurred in other groups. Operative times were longest in AP-M and RA, and shortest in RA-M. Trait anxiety correlated positively with operative duration, while state anxiety was not directly linked to performance. In conclusion, music may heighten anxiety under high-authority supervision but improve efficiency in less authoritative contexts. Educational strategies should prioritise supportive supervision and consider tailoring auditory interventions to optimise student wellbeing and performance.
{"title":"Effects of classical music and supervisory authority on anxiety and surgical performance in veterinary students during first ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Atakan Cortu , Muhammed Albayrak , Halil Ozan Demirtas , Latif Emrah Yanmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety during the first live-animal surgery represents a major challenge in veterinary training, potentially affecting both performance and learning outcomes. Classical music has been suggested as a non-invasive strategy to moderate stress, while the degree of supervisory authority may further modulate students’ emotional and behavioural responses. This study evaluated the effects of classical music exposure and supervisory authority on perioperative anxiety and surgical performance in final-year veterinary students performing their first feline ovariohysterectomy. Forty students were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 10 each): assistant professor supervision without music (AP), assistant professor with music (AP-M), research assistant without music (RA), and research assistant with music (RA-M). Music consisted of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K.448, delivered via headphones for 30 min preoperatively. Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory before and after intervention and following surgery. Operative duration was recorded from skin incision to closure. The AP-M was associated with increased state anxiety, whereas no significant changes occurred in other groups. Operative times were longest in AP-M and RA, and shortest in RA-M. Trait anxiety correlated positively with operative duration, while state anxiety was not directly linked to performance. In conclusion, music may heighten anxiety under high-authority supervision but improve efficiency in less authoritative contexts. Educational strategies should prioritise supportive supervision and consider tailoring auditory interventions to optimise student wellbeing and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106519
Emmanuelle M. Butty , Jeff Barnes , Erica Reineke , Cedric Dufayet , Jiwoong Her , Larry D. Cowgill
New adsorptive devices for hemoperfusion are available in veterinary medicine for the management of toxin exposures and life-threatening toxin decontamination. This document is offered as the currently recommended standard-of-care and best practice guidelines derived from the clinical experiences of experts treating toxicities with hemoperfusion. Much of the evidence available to support recommendations on extracorporeal management of veterinary intoxications is limited, inconsistent, indirect, or of poor quality. Consequently, a formal consensus methodology which relies heavily on expert opinion was used to validate the proposed guidelines of the International Renal Interest Society’s (IRIS) Hemoperfusion Study Group. An independently selected voting panel of noted authorities in veterinary extracorporeal medicine were charged to vote and comment on each Study Group recommendation in isolation and without supplemental rationale. To achieve consensus, a minimum of 75 % of the voting participants chose “strongly agree” or “agree” compared to neutral or disagree responses. As this is a rapidly evolving therapeutic modality, and the technologies are changing with similar pace, we expect these clinical guidelines will also evolve rapidly. It will be important to review updates from the manufacturers of hemoperfusion devices to obtain the most current treatment recommendations for specific adsorptive devices.
{"title":"Hemoperfusion for veterinary toxicities: International renal interest society best practices consensus guidelines","authors":"Emmanuelle M. Butty , Jeff Barnes , Erica Reineke , Cedric Dufayet , Jiwoong Her , Larry D. Cowgill","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New adsorptive devices for hemoperfusion are available in veterinary medicine for the management of toxin exposures and life-threatening toxin decontamination. This document is offered as the currently recommended standard-of-care and best practice guidelines derived from the clinical experiences of experts treating toxicities with hemoperfusion. Much of the evidence available to support recommendations on extracorporeal management of veterinary intoxications is limited, inconsistent, indirect, or of poor quality. Consequently, a formal consensus methodology which relies heavily on expert opinion was used to validate the proposed guidelines of the International Renal Interest Society’s (IRIS) Hemoperfusion Study Group. An independently selected voting panel of noted authorities in veterinary extracorporeal medicine were charged to vote and comment on each Study Group recommendation in isolation and without supplemental rationale. To achieve consensus, a minimum of 75 % of the voting participants chose “strongly agree” or “agree” compared to neutral or disagree responses. As this is a rapidly evolving therapeutic modality, and the technologies are changing with similar pace, we expect these clinical guidelines will also evolve rapidly. It will be important to review updates from the manufacturers of hemoperfusion devices to obtain the most current treatment recommendations for specific adsorptive devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106517
Christian de la Fe , Xóchitl Hernández , Juan Alcázar , Antonio Sánchez , David del Olmo , Antonio Fernández , Héctor Ramírez , Ginés Luján , Joaquín Amores-Iniesta , Juan Carlos Corrales
The presence, dynamics and persistence of Mycoplasma (M.) bovis in 12 batches of grazing calves during the first month of stay at the feedlots was analyzed. Nasopharyngeal swabs were weekly collected between days 0 and 28 to detect the presence of M. bovis by culture and PCR. The animals were daily monitored for the presence of respiratory disease. The results showed the presence of different epidemiological situations at arrival, detecting the presence of uninfected or with a low prevalence groups or batches with a variable prevalence (13.3–86.7 %). Subsequently, at least one calf scored positive in all the batches 14 days after arrival and almost all calves (n = 166) resulted infected after 28 days. Calves infected with M. bovis tested positive in 3 of the 5 samples taken (mean 3.06). The presence of respiratory signs was statistically significant in infected vs. uninfected ones, with symptoms appearing earlier in batches where the initial prevalence of M. bovis was higher. The molecular characterization of the isolates confirmed the presence of more than one biotype circulating in the same batch or even calf, which could be associated to the presence of more severe clinical findings. Most of the isolates were classified as biotype st-3 but three biotypes were detected, resulting all of them multiresistant to macrolides, tetracyclines and lincomycin with a variable sensitivity to quinolones. Overall, the frequency of M. bovis infection highlights its significant epidemiological role in bovine respiratory diseases in calf fattening.
{"title":"Epidemiology and clinical significance of Mycoplasma bovis infection in calf feedlots in Spain","authors":"Christian de la Fe , Xóchitl Hernández , Juan Alcázar , Antonio Sánchez , David del Olmo , Antonio Fernández , Héctor Ramírez , Ginés Luján , Joaquín Amores-Iniesta , Juan Carlos Corrales","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence, dynamics and persistence of <em>Mycoplasma (M.) bovis</em> in 12 batches of grazing calves during the first month of stay at the feedlots was analyzed. Nasopharyngeal swabs were weekly collected between days 0 and 28 to detect the presence of <em>M. bovis</em> by culture and PCR. The animals were daily monitored for the presence of respiratory disease. The results showed the presence of different epidemiological situations at arrival, detecting the presence of uninfected or with a low prevalence groups or batches with a variable prevalence (13.3–86.7 %). Subsequently, at least one calf scored positive in all the batches 14 days after arrival and almost all calves (n = 166) resulted infected after 28 days. Calves infected with <em>M. bovis</em> tested positive in 3 of the 5 samples taken (mean 3.06). The presence of respiratory signs was statistically significant in infected <em>vs</em>. uninfected ones, with symptoms appearing earlier in batches where the initial prevalence of <em>M. bovis</em> was higher. The molecular characterization of the isolates confirmed the presence of more than one biotype circulating in the same batch or even calf, which could be associated to the presence of more severe clinical findings. Most of the isolates were classified as biotype st-3 but three biotypes were detected, resulting all of them multiresistant to macrolides, tetracyclines and lincomycin with a variable sensitivity to quinolones. Overall, the frequency of <em>M. bovis</em> infection highlights its significant epidemiological role in bovine respiratory diseases in calf fattening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106509
Haytham Aamer , Eman M Nour , Ayman Refaie , Mohamed Youssef , Eiad A Ramzy , Sherry Khater , Maged El-Ashker
This study evaluated the protective effects of ozone therapy in dogs with experimentally induced renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). Fifteen clinically healthy male mongrel dogs were randomly allocated into five groups. Group 1 served as the sham-operated control. Bilateral renal ischemia was induced in Group 2 (IRI control) and in three additional treatment groups receiving ozone therapy once daily via rectal insufflation. Group 3 received ozone preconditioning before IRI (PRE/IRI), Group 4 received ozone postconditioning after IRI (POST/IRI), and Group 5 received both interventions (PRE/IRI/POST). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline (D0) and at D1, D3, W1, W2, and W4 to measure serum malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine. Ultrasound-guided renal biopsies were obtained at D0, D3, W1, W2, and W4 for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Serum creatinine and BUN progressively increased in the IRI group but were significantly reduced in all ozone-treated groups (P = 0.002). The PRE/IRI/POST group showed the greatest improvement, with the lowest values by W4. Ozone preconditioning also modulated early oxidative stress, preventing the initial rise in MDA and partially preserving GSH-px activity. Histopathological examination revealed marked acute tubular necrosis in the IRI group, whereas combined pre- and postconditioning produced the highest tubular regeneration scores. Immunohistochemistry supported reduced renal injury in the treated groups, with lower caspase-3 expression and higher HIF-1α activation, most notably in the combined therapy group. These findings suggest that ozone therapy is a safe and potentially effective strategy to mitigate renal IRI. Combined ozone preconditioning and postconditioning provided the greatest protection by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis while promoting tubular regeneration and may represent a promising adjunctive approach in clinical settings such as kidney transplantation.
{"title":"The impact of medical ozone on renal ischemic/reperfusion injury: A prospective randomized controlled study in dogs","authors":"Haytham Aamer , Eman M Nour , Ayman Refaie , Mohamed Youssef , Eiad A Ramzy , Sherry Khater , Maged El-Ashker","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the protective effects of ozone therapy in dogs with experimentally induced renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). Fifteen clinically healthy male mongrel dogs were randomly allocated into five groups. Group 1 served as the sham-operated control. Bilateral renal ischemia was induced in Group 2 (IRI control) and in three additional treatment groups receiving ozone therapy once daily via rectal insufflation. Group 3 received ozone preconditioning before IRI (PRE/IRI), Group 4 received ozone postconditioning after IRI (POST/IRI), and Group 5 received both interventions (PRE/IRI/POST). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline (D0) and at D1, D3, W1, W2, and W4 to measure serum malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine. Ultrasound-guided renal biopsies were obtained at D0, D3, W1, W2, and W4 for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Serum creatinine and BUN progressively increased in the IRI group but were significantly reduced in all ozone-treated groups (P = 0.002). The PRE/IRI/POST group showed the greatest improvement, with the lowest values by W4. Ozone preconditioning also modulated early oxidative stress, preventing the initial rise in MDA and partially preserving GSH-px activity. Histopathological examination revealed marked acute tubular necrosis in the IRI group, whereas combined pre- and postconditioning produced the highest tubular regeneration scores. Immunohistochemistry supported reduced renal injury in the treated groups, with lower caspase-3 expression and higher HIF-1α activation, most notably in the combined therapy group. These findings suggest that ozone therapy is a safe and potentially effective strategy to mitigate renal IRI. Combined ozone preconditioning and postconditioning provided the greatest protection by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis while promoting tubular regeneration and may represent a promising adjunctive approach in clinical settings such as kidney transplantation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106510
Darja Pavlin , Valentina Hlebec , May Doušak , Maja Zakošek Pipan
Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is a neurodegenerative disorder like Alzheimer's disease in humans, but its impact on caregivers is poorly understood. This study examines the multidimensional burden of caregivers of ageing dogs, comparing caregivers of healthy ageing dogs (HAD), dogs with chronic oncological disease (COD) and dogs with CCD. In a cross-sectional survey of 516 Slovenian dog owners, seven areas of stress were investigated: time burden, work- life interference, emotional burden, social stigmatization, financial burden, perceived adequacy of care and veterinary support. Time burden was increased by unpredictable CCD symptoms (e.g. nocturnal restlessness, disorientation), especially in households with children or multiple pets (p = 0.005). Emotional distress was significantly increased in CCD caregivers due to feelings of stigmatization (p = 0.005), while COD caregivers reported no significant increase compared to HAD. Caregivers of dogs with CCD reported significantly greater stigmatization (p < 0.001) and financial burden (p < 0.001). While all groups reported similar perceived inadequacies in care, CCD caregivers expressed significantly lower confidence in performing positive care tasks (p = 0.041). Relationships with veterinarians did not differ between groups, although regression analysis identified age, education and number of pets as predictors of the dynamics between caregivers and veterinarians. This study shows that caring for dogs with CCD is significantly more stressful than caring for healthy older dogs and, in several areas, caring for dogs with chronic oncologic diseases. The results emphasize that caring for dogs with CCD is a complex, underestimated burden that is comparable to caring for dementia patients in humans and requires targeted interventions.
{"title":"The hidden cost of caring: Psychological burden among caregivers of dogs with cognitive dysfunction, cancer, and age-related decline","authors":"Darja Pavlin , Valentina Hlebec , May Doušak , Maja Zakošek Pipan","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is a neurodegenerative disorder like Alzheimer's disease in humans, but its impact on caregivers is poorly understood. This study examines the multidimensional burden of caregivers of ageing dogs, comparing caregivers of healthy ageing dogs (HAD), dogs with chronic oncological disease (COD) and dogs with CCD. In a cross-sectional survey of 516 Slovenian dog owners, seven areas of stress were investigated: time burden, work- life interference, emotional burden, social stigmatization, financial burden, perceived adequacy of care and veterinary support. Time burden was increased by unpredictable CCD symptoms (e.g. nocturnal restlessness, disorientation), especially in households with children or multiple pets (p = 0.005). Emotional distress was significantly increased in CCD caregivers due to feelings of stigmatization (p = 0.005), while COD caregivers reported no significant increase compared to HAD. Caregivers of dogs with CCD reported significantly greater stigmatization (p < 0.001) and financial burden (p < 0.001). While all groups reported similar perceived inadequacies in care, CCD caregivers expressed significantly lower confidence in performing positive care tasks (p = 0.041). Relationships with veterinarians did not differ between groups, although regression analysis identified age, education and number of pets as predictors of the dynamics between caregivers and veterinarians. This study shows that caring for dogs with CCD is significantly more stressful than caring for healthy older dogs and, in several areas, caring for dogs with chronic oncologic diseases. The results emphasize that caring for dogs with CCD is a complex, underestimated burden that is comparable to caring for dementia patients in humans and requires targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106503
Manuel Fuertes-Recuero DVM, PhD , Paula Rodriguez-González DVM , María Suárez-Redondo DVM, PhD , Miriam Portero DVM, PhD , Andrés Yzuel DVM , Silvia Penelo DVM, PhD , Carmen Pérez DVM, PhD , Elena Martínez de Merlo DVM, PhD , Michelle A. Giuffrida VMD, MSCE , Gustavo Ortiz-Díez
Objective
This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Canine OwnerReported Quality of Life (CORQ) questionnaire, developed by Giuffrida et al. (2018), to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in dogs with cancer, following World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The QoL is becoming increasingly important in veterinary medicine, especially in the context of companion animals diagnosed with cancer. Many existing studies use non-validated scales, resulting in a lack of reliable instruments in Spanish-speaking populations.
Methods
Construct validity and internal consistency were evaluated using factor analyses and Cronbach’s α, and convergent validity was examined against established quality-of-life measures.
Results
The findings indicate that the Spanish version of the CORQ exhibits robust psychometric properties, characterized by high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.841 for vitality and 0.946 for wellness) and significant correlations with established QoL measures.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
This successful adaptation and validation provides Spanish-speaking veterinarians with a reliable tool to assess and manage quality of life in dogs diagnosed with cancer.
{"title":"Cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the canine owner-reported quality of life questionnaire (CORQ) for assessing quality of life in dogs with cancer","authors":"Manuel Fuertes-Recuero DVM, PhD , Paula Rodriguez-González DVM , María Suárez-Redondo DVM, PhD , Miriam Portero DVM, PhD , Andrés Yzuel DVM , Silvia Penelo DVM, PhD , Carmen Pérez DVM, PhD , Elena Martínez de Merlo DVM, PhD , Michelle A. Giuffrida VMD, MSCE , Gustavo Ortiz-Díez","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Canine OwnerReported Quality of Life (CORQ) questionnaire, developed by Giuffrida et al. (2018), to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in dogs with cancer, following World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The QoL is becoming increasingly important in veterinary medicine, especially in the context of companion animals diagnosed with cancer. Many existing studies use non-validated scales, resulting in a lack of reliable instruments in Spanish-speaking populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Construct validity and internal consistency were evaluated using factor analyses and Cronbach’s α, and convergent validity was examined against established quality-of-life measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings indicate that the Spanish version of the CORQ exhibits robust psychometric properties, characterized by high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.841 for vitality and 0.946 for wellness) and significant correlations with established QoL measures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>This successful adaptation and validation provides Spanish-speaking veterinarians with a reliable tool to assess and manage quality of life in dogs diagnosed with cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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