Yusuf Buhari Shinkafi, None Sulaiman Kauthar Muhammad, None Habiba Zakari, None Ibrahim Hamza Kankia
The incidence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites was investigated in a research of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli from Zobe Dam, Dutsin-ma. The results showed a high prevalence of helminth parasites overall, with T. zilli recording 36% and C. gariepinus showing a rate of 68%. Cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes were the three types of parasites found in the fish's intestines. Notably, trematodes predominated in T. zilli (54.55%), whereas cestodes were more common in C. gariepinus (62.71%). Procamallanus leavionchus was the most notable nematode species found in C. gariepinus, followed by cestodes (Polyonchobothrium clarias) and trematodes (Diplostomum spathaceum). The nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes in T. zilli were represented by Cacullanus sp., Diphyllobothrium spp., and Hepsetidae fasciatus, respectively. Both species showed that males had more helminth parasites than females did. In C. gariepinus, statistical analysis showed no gender differences, however in T. zilli, a gender difference was seen at the P<0.05% level of significance. In addition, the study found a statistically significant correlation between fish length and body weight, and the frequency of helminth infections. These results highlight the significant load of helminth parasites in both Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli, highlighting the need for efficient control techniques to reduce the negative effects of parasitic illnesses on fish production.
{"title":"Comparative Study of the Parasitic Helminth Burden of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli In Fresh Water Reservoir (Zobe Dam) Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria","authors":"Yusuf Buhari Shinkafi, None Sulaiman Kauthar Muhammad, None Habiba Zakari, None Ibrahim Hamza Kankia","doi":"10.56919/usci.2322.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2322.009","url":null,"abstract":"
 The incidence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites was investigated in a research of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli from Zobe Dam, Dutsin-ma. The results showed a high prevalence of helminth parasites overall, with T. zilli recording 36% and C. gariepinus showing a rate of 68%. Cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes were the three types of parasites found in the fish's intestines. Notably, trematodes predominated in T. zilli (54.55%), whereas cestodes were more common in C. gariepinus (62.71%). Procamallanus leavionchus was the most notable nematode species found in C. gariepinus, followed by cestodes (Polyonchobothrium clarias) and trematodes (Diplostomum spathaceum). The nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes in T. zilli were represented by Cacullanus sp., Diphyllobothrium spp., and Hepsetidae fasciatus, respectively. Both species showed that males had more helminth parasites than females did. In C. gariepinus, statistical analysis showed no gender differences, however in T. zilli, a gender difference was seen at the P<0.05% level of significance. In addition, the study found a statistically significant correlation between fish length and body weight, and the frequency of helminth infections. These results highlight the significant load of helminth parasites in both Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli, highlighting the need for efficient control techniques to reduce the negative effects of parasitic illnesses on fish production.","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suleiman Shaibu Asuku, Y. Abubakar, Ali Abdulraheem, A. I. Galadima, Abdel Malik Abdel Gaffar Amoka
Three thermoplastic polymers, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene(PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC),were synthesized from their raw pellets.Three blends of 1:1 wt.% of low-density polyethylene/polypropylene, low-density polyethylene/polyvinylchloride, polypropylene/polyvinylchloride, and one blend of 1:1:1 wt.% of low-density polyethylene/polypropylene/polyvinylchloride were produced via compression mould method using Two-roll Mill machine and Compression Mould machine. Using the Tensile Strength Tester machine, the pristine polymer and the blends were cut into dumbbell shapes for mechanical testing. The resultsobtained are 9.8MPa and 67.5% maximum stress and strain, respectively, for LDPE, 29MPa, and 12.4% maximum stress and strain, respectively, for neat PP. 25.8MPa and 35% maximum stress and strain respectively for pristine PVC, 19.2MPa and 44% maximum stress and strain respectively for LDPE/PVC blend, 19MPa and 29% maximum stress and strain respectively for LDPE/PP blend, 27.5MPa and10.75% maximum stress and strain respectively for PP/PVC, 21MPa and 10.4% maximum stress and stain respectively for LDPE/PP/PVC blend. The force at peak and the respective peak elongation are; 85.612N and 0.008387m for pristineLDPE, 344.810N and 0.004810m for pristinePP, 264.976N and 0.005496m forpristine PVC, 188.288N and 0.005980m for LDPE/PVC blend, 174.755N and 0.005109m for LDPE/PP blend, 250.196N and0.004287m for PP/PVC blend, 275.175N and 4.009mm for LDPE/PP/PVC blend. The maximum energies expended to have maximum extension are 0.71802784J (LDPE), 2.04578339J (PP), 1.70308635J (PVC), 1.12596224J (LDPE/PVC),0.8928233J (LDPE/PP), 1.50129025J (PP/PVC) and 1.10317658J (LDPE/PP/PVC). These results show improvement in the mechanical properties of the blends when compared with those of the constituent polymers. It also indicatesthat polymeric properties modification via an immiscible polymer blend is possible and easy to achieve.
{"title":"Influence of Blending on Mechanical Behavior of Low-Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polyvinylchloride","authors":"Suleiman Shaibu Asuku, Y. Abubakar, Ali Abdulraheem, A. I. Galadima, Abdel Malik Abdel Gaffar Amoka","doi":"10.56919/usci.2223.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2223.006","url":null,"abstract":"Three thermoplastic polymers, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene(PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC),were synthesized from their raw pellets.Three blends of 1:1 wt.% of low-density polyethylene/polypropylene, low-density polyethylene/polyvinylchloride, polypropylene/polyvinylchloride, and one blend of 1:1:1 wt.% of low-density polyethylene/polypropylene/polyvinylchloride were produced via compression mould method using Two-roll Mill machine and Compression Mould machine. Using the Tensile Strength Tester machine, the pristine polymer and the blends were cut into dumbbell shapes for mechanical testing. The resultsobtained are 9.8MPa and 67.5% maximum stress and strain, respectively, for LDPE, 29MPa, and 12.4% maximum stress and strain, respectively, for neat PP. 25.8MPa and 35% maximum stress and strain respectively for pristine PVC, 19.2MPa and 44% maximum stress and strain respectively for LDPE/PVC blend, 19MPa and 29% maximum stress and strain respectively for LDPE/PP blend, 27.5MPa and10.75% maximum stress and strain respectively for PP/PVC, 21MPa and 10.4% maximum stress and stain respectively for LDPE/PP/PVC blend. The force at peak and the respective peak elongation are; 85.612N and 0.008387m for pristineLDPE, 344.810N and 0.004810m for pristinePP, 264.976N and 0.005496m forpristine PVC, 188.288N and 0.005980m for LDPE/PVC blend, 174.755N and 0.005109m for LDPE/PP blend, 250.196N and0.004287m for PP/PVC blend, 275.175N and 4.009mm for LDPE/PP/PVC blend. The maximum energies expended to have maximum extension are 0.71802784J (LDPE), 2.04578339J (PP), 1.70308635J (PVC), 1.12596224J (LDPE/PVC),0.8928233J (LDPE/PP), 1.50129025J (PP/PVC) and 1.10317658J (LDPE/PP/PVC). These results show improvement in the mechanical properties of the blends when compared with those of the constituent polymers. It also indicatesthat polymeric properties modification via an immiscible polymer blend is possible and easy to achieve.","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134494891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Baki, Sarkin, Malami Usman Muhammad, U. Faruq, Zaki, A. Sani, B. Idris, A. Yusuf, A. Fardami
Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel with better characteristics over petro-based fuels. It is conventionally produced via transesterification of vegetables oil with methanol. Chemical interesterification is another alternative route for conversion of vegetables oil to biodiesel. It yields a value-added co-product, triacetin as against glycerol formed as by-product by transesterification. In this study transesterification and chemical interesterification of Rothmannia seeds oil was investigated using calcined swan mussel shell (Anodantacygnea) as solid base catalyst prepared by hydrothermal treatment and characterized using FT-IR, XRF and XRD analysis. Reaction parameters were optimized, with optimal methanol/oil ratio of 1:6, catalyst amount of 1.0g, reaction time of 60 minutes and reaction temperature of 55oC, achieving maximum yield of 93.47 % via transeterification while for interesterification, the optimum yield of 87.50 % was achieved at catalyst amount of 1.5g, reaction temperature of 60oC, reaction time of 90 minutes and methyl acetate/oil of 9:1. Transesterification of the seed oil shows better conversion of triglycerides compared to chemical interesterification. Some important fuel properties were determined and compared with ASTMD standard. The study has revealed potentials of Rothmannia longiflora seed oil as feedstock for biodiesel production.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Biodiesel Production by Transesterification and Interesterification of Rothmannia longiflora Seed oil using a Heterogeneous Catalyst","authors":"A. Baki, Sarkin, Malami Usman Muhammad, U. Faruq, Zaki, A. Sani, B. Idris, A. Yusuf, A. Fardami","doi":"10.56919/usci.2223.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2223.008","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel with better characteristics over petro-based fuels. It is conventionally produced via transesterification of vegetables oil with methanol. Chemical interesterification is another alternative route for conversion of vegetables oil to biodiesel. It yields a value-added co-product, triacetin as against glycerol formed as by-product by transesterification. In this study transesterification and chemical interesterification of Rothmannia seeds oil was investigated using calcined swan mussel shell (Anodantacygnea) as solid base catalyst prepared by hydrothermal treatment and characterized using FT-IR, XRF and XRD analysis. Reaction parameters were optimized, with optimal methanol/oil ratio of 1:6, catalyst amount of 1.0g, reaction time of 60 minutes and reaction temperature of 55oC, achieving maximum yield of 93.47 % via transeterification while for interesterification, the optimum yield of 87.50 % was achieved at catalyst amount of 1.5g, reaction temperature of 60oC, reaction time of 90 minutes and methyl acetate/oil of 9:1. Transesterification of the seed oil shows better conversion of triglycerides compared to chemical interesterification. Some important fuel properties were determined and compared with ASTMD standard. The study has revealed potentials of Rothmannia longiflora seed oil as feedstock for biodiesel production. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127899249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ofem Effiom Eteng, Nseobong O. Bassey, Violet A. Nelson, Esua O. Udosen
Considering the fact that food contains many nutrients that can be exploited and used by man. The study assesses the impact of instant noodles prepared with natural spice and noodles seasoning on changes in body weight and hemato-biochemical parameters in a model using albino rats. Nine (9) distinct groups of six (6) Wistar rats each were given instant noodles with seasoning and one with natural spice (40g of crayfish and 30g of onion) for 90 days. The Wistar rats were divided into 54 groups. While groups 2 through 9 served as the treatment groups and were given variously prepared instant noodles and rat pellets, group 1 served as the control group was given rat pellet and tap water. Using established techniques, all biochemical parameters were examined. The findings revealed that there were no appreciable variations in the body weight of Wistar rats in any of the experimental groups. In comparison to those fed instant noodles cooked with noodle seasoning, those fed instant noodles prepared with natural spice show significantly higher development rates (P< 0.05). Furthermore, rats given quick noodles had a non-significant rise (p > 0.05) in the concentration of total protein. Additionally, the albumin concentration in these groups increased significantly (P < 0.05),when compared to rats fed noodles prepared with seasoning to rats fed noodles prepared with natural spice, non-significant differences (p> 0.05) were observed in the blood parameters. Spiced instant noodles are not safe to eat. It is thus advised that users of instant noodles reduce the amount of spices used, as cooking with natural spices appears to mitigate the effect of free radicals deposited on the spices.
{"title":"Effect of Instant Noodles Formulated with Natural Spice and Noodle Seasoning on Hemato-Biochemical Parameters and Body Weight Changes in Albino Rats Model.","authors":"Ofem Effiom Eteng, Nseobong O. Bassey, Violet A. Nelson, Esua O. Udosen","doi":"10.56919/usci.2322.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2322.013","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the fact that food contains many nutrients that can be exploited and used by man. The study assesses the impact of instant noodles prepared with natural spice and noodles seasoning on changes in body weight and hemato-biochemical parameters in a model using albino rats. Nine (9) distinct groups of six (6) Wistar rats each were given instant noodles with seasoning and one with natural spice (40g of crayfish and 30g of onion) for 90 days. The Wistar rats were divided into 54 groups. While groups 2 through 9 served as the treatment groups and were given variously prepared instant noodles and rat pellets, group 1 served as the control group was given rat pellet and tap water. Using established techniques, all biochemical parameters were examined. The findings revealed that there were no appreciable variations in the body weight of Wistar rats in any of the experimental groups. In comparison to those fed instant noodles cooked with noodle seasoning, those fed instant noodles prepared with natural spice show significantly higher development rates (P< 0.05). Furthermore, rats given quick noodles had a non-significant rise (p > 0.05) in the concentration of total protein. Additionally, the albumin concentration in these groups increased significantly (P < 0.05),when compared to rats fed noodles prepared with seasoning to rats fed noodles prepared with natural spice, non-significant differences (p> 0.05) were observed in the blood parameters. Spiced instant noodles are not safe to eat. It is thus advised that users of instant noodles reduce the amount of spices used, as cooking with natural spices appears to mitigate the effect of free radicals deposited on the spices.","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The difficulty with safety in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) requires comprehensive, holistic security techniques that can offer a long-term solution. Quantum security is anticipated to assist in the overall security strategy for WSN systems given the broad adoption of WSN around the world, notably the Internet of Things (IoTs). With the use of WSN and these quantum safeguards, data security can be offered whenever and anywhere. This study examines the security limitations of WSNs and offers a comprehensive approach through all network layers that will function as an Equal security mechanism solution and a solution to shield nodes from threats such as attacks on sensitive data, eavesdropping, disruption, destruction, and alteration. WSNs are used in a range of missions, especially the armed forces, ecological, and health ones, for evaluation, tracking, and regulating purposes. However, problems arise from being aware of their resource limitations. Data and node security are difficulties when using WSN because to low computation capabilities, small memory, few power sources, and unreliable connectivity, to name just a few. Therefore, as the demand for WSNs increases, so does the need for better security measures.
{"title":"Resource Limitations for Wireless Sensor Networks to Establish a Comprehensive Security System in the 5G Network","authors":"Muhammad Muntasir Yakubu, U. Maiwada","doi":"10.56919/usci.2223.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2223.007","url":null,"abstract":"The difficulty with safety in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) requires comprehensive, holistic security techniques that can offer a long-term solution. Quantum security is anticipated to assist in the overall security strategy for WSN systems given the broad adoption of WSN around the world, notably the Internet of Things (IoTs). With the use of WSN and these quantum safeguards, data security can be offered whenever and anywhere. This study examines the security limitations of WSNs and offers a comprehensive approach through all network layers that will function as an Equal security mechanism solution and a solution to shield nodes from threats such as attacks on sensitive data, eavesdropping, disruption, destruction, and alteration. WSNs are used in a range of missions, especially the armed forces, ecological, and health ones, for evaluation, tracking, and regulating purposes. However, problems arise from being aware of their resource limitations. Data and node security are difficulties when using WSN because to low computation capabilities, small memory, few power sources, and unreliable connectivity, to name just a few. Therefore, as the demand for WSNs increases, so does the need for better security measures. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126095456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We proposed a cost efficient, environmentally friendly commercial solar powered phone charging station for application in rural areas. Sun energy is tapped using photovoltaic solar panel (PV), the system converts the tapped energy into electricity, charge controller regulates the generated energy, part of the generated electricity is used during the day and part stored in a battery to be used at period where there is less shun shine or absent. Cost analysis of the developed system suggested its almost free and noiseless when compared with the conventional generator powered system.
{"title":"Development of Cost Efficient Solar Powered System for Rural Areas","authors":"Habibu Ahmad, M. Abdulsalam","doi":"10.56919/usci.2223.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2223.004","url":null,"abstract":"We proposed a cost efficient, environmentally friendly commercial solar powered phone charging station for application in rural areas. Sun energy is tapped using photovoltaic solar panel (PV), the system converts the tapped energy into electricity, charge controller regulates the generated energy, part of the generated electricity is used during the day and part stored in a battery to be used at period where there is less shun shine or absent. Cost analysis of the developed system suggested its almost free and noiseless when compared with the conventional generator powered system.","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115645494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Adamu, Ibrahim Yusuf Tafinta, Habsatu Shehu, Hajara Ahmad
Thin sheets of high-quality, lean beef are partially dried in the sun to create dried meat made from animals. The duration of the solar drying phases and the infusion period of the ingredients rely on the ambient conditions, which are the primary sources of microbial contamination, notably fungi. This study's objective was to recognize and collect fungi connected to the dried meat offered for sale in Sokoto city. During the course of the research, dried meat samples were gathered from four different Sokoto metropolis locations, including Kusha Shagalinku on Atiku Road, Gidan Man Ada, Abdullahi Fodio Road, and Sasakawa. The samples were examined for microorganisms using serial dilution, and fungi were identified based on the morphology of the colony, conidia, and conidiogenous cells. The research's findings showed that four species of fungi were isolated, with Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus terreus having the highest and lowest percentages of occurrence, respectively, among the isolated species. According to the location, the dried meat retrieved from Atiku road has the lowest frequency occurrence (1.94) and the fungi isolated from it has the highest frequency occurrence (30.56%). These results suggest that eating dry meat may increase the risk of exposure to aflatoxins in humans. The preparation and storing of the dried meat should be done with the utmost safety and cleanliness.
高质量的瘦牛肉薄片在阳光下部分晒干，制成动物肉干。太阳能干燥阶段的持续时间和成分的灌注期取决于环境条件，这是微生物污染的主要来源，特别是真菌。这项研究的目的是识别和收集与索科托市出售的干肉有关的真菌。在研究过程中，从四个不同的索科托大都市地点收集了干肉样本，包括Atiku路的Kusha Shagalinku, Gidan Man Ada, Abdullahi Fodio路和Sasakawa。使用连续稀释法检测样品中的微生物，并根据菌落、分生孢子和分生细胞的形态鉴定真菌。研究结果表明，共分离出4种真菌，其中黄曲霉、黑曲霉、烟曲霉和地曲霉的出现率分别最高和最低。按地点分，从阿提库路提取的肉干出现频率最低(1.94)，从其分离出的真菌出现频率最高(30.56%)。这些结果表明，食用干肉可能会增加人类接触黄曲霉毒素的风险。干肉的制备和储存应在最安全和清洁的条件下进行。
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Fungi Associated with Dried Meat Sold at Sokoto Metropolis","authors":"Muhammad Adamu, Ibrahim Yusuf Tafinta, Habsatu Shehu, Hajara Ahmad","doi":"10.56919/usci.2322.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2322.010","url":null,"abstract":"Thin sheets of high-quality, lean beef are partially dried in the sun to create dried meat made from animals. The duration of the solar drying phases and the infusion period of the ingredients rely on the ambient conditions, which are the primary sources of microbial contamination, notably fungi. This study's objective was to recognize and collect fungi connected to the dried meat offered for sale in Sokoto city. During the course of the research, dried meat samples were gathered from four different Sokoto metropolis locations, including Kusha Shagalinku on Atiku Road, Gidan Man Ada, Abdullahi Fodio Road, and Sasakawa. The samples were examined for microorganisms using serial dilution, and fungi were identified based on the morphology of the colony, conidia, and conidiogenous cells. The research's findings showed that four species of fungi were isolated, with Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus terreus having the highest and lowest percentages of occurrence, respectively, among the isolated species. According to the location, the dried meat retrieved from Atiku road has the lowest frequency occurrence (1.94) and the fungi isolated from it has the highest frequency occurrence (30.56%). These results suggest that eating dry meat may increase the risk of exposure to aflatoxins in humans. The preparation and storing of the dried meat should be done with the utmost safety and cleanliness.
","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Babangida B., None Baraya Y. M., None Ohanuba, O. F., None Hali, A. I., None Malumfashi, M. L.
The retailer's ideal replenishment strategy for non-instantaneous decaying goods with two-phase demand rates, two storage facilities, and shortages under a permissible payment delay has been determined in this study. While the constant demand rate is considered once deterioration has begun, the demand rate up to that point is believed to be a time-dependent quadratic function. Backlogs and shortages are also taken into consideration. Whether or not the backlog will be accepted depends on how long it will be until the next replenishment. As a result, the backlogging rate fluctuates and depends on how long it takes for the next refill. The models identify the ideal cycle length, order amount, and period at which the inventory level in the owned warehouse reaches zero in order to reduce the overall variable cost per unit of time. For the solutions to exist and be unique, both the necessary and sufficient requirements must be met. The best trade credit period is identified for each model using numerical examples, and the best model among the created models is identified using the best trade credit periods. Sensitivity analysis can offer some managerial insights
{"title":"An Order Inventory Model for Delayed Deteriorating Items with Two-Storage Facilities, Time-Varying Demand and Partial Backlogging Rates Under Trade-Credit Policy","authors":"None Babangida B., None Baraya Y. M., None Ohanuba, O. F., None Hali, A. I., None Malumfashi, M. L.","doi":"10.56919/usci.2322.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2322.011","url":null,"abstract":"The retailer's ideal replenishment strategy for non-instantaneous decaying goods with two-phase demand rates, two storage facilities, and shortages under a permissible payment delay has been determined in this study. While the constant demand rate is considered once deterioration has begun, the demand rate up to that point is believed to be a time-dependent quadratic function. Backlogs and shortages are also taken into consideration. Whether or not the backlog will be accepted depends on how long it will be until the next replenishment. As a result, the backlogging rate fluctuates and depends on how long it takes for the next refill. The models identify the ideal cycle length, order amount, and period at which the inventory level in the owned warehouse reaches zero in order to reduce the overall variable cost per unit of time. For the solutions to exist and be unique, both the necessary and sufficient requirements must be met. The best trade credit period is identified for each model using numerical examples, and the best model among the created models is identified using the best trade credit periods. Sensitivity analysis can offer some managerial insights","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Idakwo, None Joshua Babatunde Agbogun, None Taiwo Kolajo
The primary objective of recommender systems (RS) is to analyze user behavior and propose relevant items or services that users would find appealing. Recommender systems have gained significant prominence in various domains such as information technology and e-commerce. They achieve this by customizing recommendations based on individual preferences, efficiently filtering options from a vast pool, and enabling users to discover content that matches their interests. Numerous recommendation techniques have been developed to generate personalized suggestions, including collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, knowledge-based recommendation systems, and other approaches. Furthermore, hybrid recommendation systems have been proposed to address the limitations of individual methods by combining different techniques. This paper presents an overview of diverse recommendation methods, their fundamental approaches, challenges, solution and have equally looked at different solutions to these challenges faced by modern recommender systems. It also recommends promising avenues for future directions.
{"title":"A Survey on Recommendation System Techniques","authors":"John Idakwo, None Joshua Babatunde Agbogun, None Taiwo Kolajo","doi":"10.56919/usci.2322.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2322.012","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of recommender systems (RS) is to analyze user behavior and propose relevant items or services that users would find appealing. Recommender systems have gained significant prominence in various domains such as information technology and e-commerce. They achieve this by customizing recommendations based on individual preferences, efficiently filtering options from a vast pool, and enabling users to discover content that matches their interests. Numerous recommendation techniques have been developed to generate personalized suggestions, including collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, knowledge-based recommendation systems, and other approaches. Furthermore, hybrid recommendation systems have been proposed to address the limitations of individual methods by combining different techniques. This paper presents an overview of diverse recommendation methods, their fundamental approaches, challenges, solution and have equally looked at different solutions to these challenges faced by modern recommender systems. It also recommends promising avenues for future directions.
","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted over a period of fifty-six (56) days to investigate the effects of different colours of culture tanks on the water quality, growth, and feed utilization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles. O. niloticus of mean body weight of 8.5g were stocked and fed twice daily with a commercial diet containing 42% crude protein. The experiment had four treatments based on tank colours; white, green, black and blue coloured tanks. Some water quality indices were assessed once in a week while the fish were weighed at the end of the experiment to compute the performance indices. The data were presented using mean and standard error and comparative analysis was done using one way ANOVA at 95% confidence interval with Duncan multiple range test as the follow up test. The water quality parameters examined during the study were not significantly different among the treatments. All the selected water quality parameters were within the acceptable range for tropical fish culture. While there was no significant difference in final weight, weight gain, percentage weight gain, and specific growth rate among the treatments, black tanks showed slightly higher values with 10.89±0.89 g, 2.54±0.94g, 30.47±11.43%, and 0.47±0.16%/day, respectively. Higher feed intake and FCR were recorded in green tank (10.08±0.61 g and 7.92±2.70 respectively) and the least was observed in black tank (9.32±0.12g and 4.23±1.51). The percentage survival of the fish was different significantly among the treatments (P<0.05). Fish reared in white background showed the highest survival (100%) which was different significantly from all other treatments. The blue and black tanks showed slightly higher values of viscerosomatic index and hepatosomatic index with 7.22±1.00% and 2.02±0.25%, respectively, while black and white tanks had the least values with 4.44±1.11% and 1.64±0.15%, respectively. The results showed that O. niloticus juveniles can be reared in all the tanks with no negative implication on their performances. However, black and white tanks showed better potential towards improved growth and feed utilization, while white tank led to better survival rate and tended towards better well-being as indicated by the skin pigmentation and hepatosmatic index. Therefore, rearing of O. niloticus juvenile in white tank is recommended over other colours.
{"title":"Influence of Culture Tank Colours on the Water Quality, Growth Performance and Feed Utilization of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Juveniles","authors":"Akeem Babatunde Dauda, Hafsah Maiazara Adamu, Hauwau SALELE ABUBAKAR","doi":"10.56919/usci.2223.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2223.003","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted over a period of fifty-six (56) days to investigate the effects of different colours of culture tanks on the water quality, growth, and feed utilization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles. O. niloticus of mean body weight of 8.5g were stocked and fed twice daily with a commercial diet containing 42% crude protein. The experiment had four treatments based on tank colours; white, green, black and blue coloured tanks. Some water quality indices were assessed once in a week while the fish were weighed at the end of the experiment to compute the performance indices. The data were presented using mean and standard error and comparative analysis was done using one way ANOVA at 95% confidence interval with Duncan multiple range test as the follow up test. The water quality parameters examined during the study were not significantly different among the treatments. All the selected water quality parameters were within the acceptable range for tropical fish culture. While there was no significant difference in final weight, weight gain, percentage weight gain, and specific growth rate among the treatments, black tanks showed slightly higher values with 10.89±0.89 g, 2.54±0.94g, 30.47±11.43%, and 0.47±0.16%/day, respectively. Higher feed intake and FCR were recorded in green tank (10.08±0.61 g and 7.92±2.70 respectively) and the least was observed in black tank (9.32±0.12g and 4.23±1.51). The percentage survival of the fish was different significantly among the treatments (P<0.05). Fish reared in white background showed the highest survival (100%) which was different significantly from all other treatments. The blue and black tanks showed slightly higher values of viscerosomatic index and hepatosomatic index with 7.22±1.00% and 2.02±0.25%, respectively, while black and white tanks had the least values with 4.44±1.11% and 1.64±0.15%, respectively. The results showed that O. niloticus juveniles can be reared in all the tanks with no negative implication on their performances. However, black and white tanks showed better potential towards improved growth and feed utilization, while white tank led to better survival rate and tended towards better well-being as indicated by the skin pigmentation and hepatosmatic index. Therefore, rearing of O. niloticus juvenile in white tank is recommended over other colours.","PeriodicalId":235595,"journal":{"name":"UMYU Scientifica","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131821922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：