Filipa Loureiro, Luís Cardoso, Ana Cristina Matos, Manuela Matos, Ana Cláudia Coelho
West Nile fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that can affect birds, humans and horses, causing asymptomatic infection, mild fever, meningitis, encephalitis, and death. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of West Nile virus (WNV) seroprevalence studies in birds in European countries between 2010 and 2023. Three electronic databases – PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus – were searched for relevant publications using predetermined keywords. A total of 4,872 papers were found, and 39 results included in the article, after removing duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria. Further monitoring and epidemiological studies of WNV in Europe is advised, considering the threat that this disease can pose to humans and animals.
{"title":"Seroprevalencija virusa Zapadnog Nila u ptica u europskim državama","authors":"Filipa Loureiro, Luís Cardoso, Ana Cristina Matos, Manuela Matos, Ana Cláudia Coelho","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"West Nile fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that can affect birds, humans and horses, causing asymptomatic infection, mild fever, meningitis, encephalitis, and death. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of West Nile virus (WNV) seroprevalence studies in birds in European countries between 2010 and 2023. Three electronic databases – PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus – were searched for relevant publications using predetermined keywords. A total of 4,872 papers were found, and 39 results included in the article, after removing duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria. Further monitoring and epidemiological studies of WNV in Europe is advised, considering the threat that this disease can pose to humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"57 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diseases of the respiratory tract are widespread in small animal practice. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage are valuablediagnostic techniques that allow visualisation of the lumen and mucosa of a large part of the airway, and enable sampling. The decision on the sampling method depends on the patient’s assessment and imaging. Bronchoalveolar lavage is a safe and simple procedure indicated for diffuse diseases of the bronchi, pulmonary interstitium or alveoli. It is performed by infusion of 0.9% saline solution into the selected regional bronchus through the working channel of a bronchoscope or as a “blind technique” and removed as quickly as possible. The samples obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage are suitable for cytology, bacteriology and fungal cultures or other diagnostic tests such as PCR or specific antigen tests. Bronchoscopy requires appropriate and expensiveequipment, in addition to specialised training and experience of the physician performing the procedure. This review article provides an overview of the technique, equipment, most common indications, complications and interpretation of the results of bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in dogs and cats.
{"title":"Bronhoskopija i bronhoalveolarna lavaža u pasa i mačaka","authors":"I. Šmit, Mirta Vučković","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases of the respiratory tract are widespread in small animal practice. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage are valuablediagnostic techniques that allow visualisation of the lumen and mucosa of a large part of the airway, and enable sampling. The decision on the sampling method depends on the patient’s assessment and imaging. Bronchoalveolar lavage is a safe and simple procedure indicated for diffuse diseases of the bronchi, pulmonary interstitium or alveoli. It is performed by infusion of 0.9% saline solution into the selected regional bronchus through the working channel of a bronchoscope or as a “blind technique” and removed as quickly as possible. The samples obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage are suitable for cytology, bacteriology and fungal cultures or other diagnostic tests such as PCR or specific antigen tests. Bronchoscopy requires appropriate and expensiveequipment, in addition to specialised training and experience of the physician performing the procedure. This review article provides an overview of the technique, equipment, most common indications, complications and interpretation of the results of bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in dogs and cats.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melissa Alves Rodrigues, Pedro Teiga-Teixeira, Eduardo Teiga-Teixeira, Alexandra Esteves, Ana Cláudia Coelho, Maria da Conceição Fontes
Respiratory diseases have a great impact in the swine production industry. Macroscopic lesions in lungs are often detected during routine post-mortem inspection in the slaughterhouse, with enzootic pneumonia-like lesions (EP-like lesions) and pleuritic lesions being the most common. EP-like lesions, which are primary related with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection, are characterised by consolidation areas, demarcated purple or grey areas in the lungs. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen and the suggestive lesions associated with previous infections of this agent are commonly chronic pleurisy lesions located in the dorso-caudal regions from the lungs. This type of lesion is commonly evaluated by the Slaughterhouse Pleurisy Evaluation System (SPES). The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of EP-like lesions and pleurisy in 2,142 finishing pigs from 18 different farms (central Portugal, southern Portugal, and northern Spain), the association between EP-like lesions and pleurisies, and the relationship with pluck lesions (lobe scars, emphysema, lung congestion, pericarditis, liver milk spots lesions, and steatosis) and gut lesions (splenitis, pancreatitis, enteritis). For this purpose, EP-like lesions were classified per lobe under the method of enzootic pneumonia–like lesions. Pleurisy lesions were classified under the SPES score method. The presence of other lesions such as pericarditis, liver milk spots, splenitis, pancreatitis, lymphadenitis, and enteritis were also evaluated. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. A variable was considered statistically significant when its P-value≤ 0.05, i.e. its 95% confidence interval of the Odds Ratio (OR) does not contain 1. Among the sample, 41.1% pigs presented EP-like lesions (20.5% registered EP-like lesions scored 1–3, and 20.7% scored 4–24). Around 12% of the sample presented pleurisy, of which 4.8% were of a degree 4 level. Following the EP-like lesions and pleurisy, liver milk spots and pericarditis were the most frequent lesions (4.8% and3.6%, respectively). In this study, the most affected lobes by EP-like lesions were the medial and cranial lobes. The higher the EP-like lesion score, the lower the incidence of presenting an SPES score of 4 (OR=0.38, P<0.001). The higher the SPES scores, the lower the incidence of an EP-like lesion score of category 1 (OR=0.86, P=0.031) or category 2 (OR=0.71, P<0.0001). Pericarditis was associated with a higher incidence of SPES scores 1 (OR=8.57, P<0.001), 2 (OR=7.29, P<0.001), or 4 (OR=26.55, P<0.001). Consolidated pneumonia lesions were the most common cause of partial rejection for human consumption, followed by pleuritic lesions, milk spot lesions, and pericarditis. This study reinforces the importance of monitoring respiratory findings of pig carcasses at the slaughterhouse. It is advantageous to assess the animal’s production performance and welfare. Moreover, lung lesions are closely
{"title":"Relation between EP-like lesions and pleurisy with pluck and gut lesions in slaughtered pigs in Northern Portugal","authors":"Melissa Alves Rodrigues, Pedro Teiga-Teixeira, Eduardo Teiga-Teixeira, Alexandra Esteves, Ana Cláudia Coelho, Maria da Conceição Fontes","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory diseases have a great impact in the swine production industry. Macroscopic lesions in lungs are often detected during routine post-mortem inspection in the slaughterhouse, with enzootic pneumonia-like lesions (EP-like lesions) and pleuritic lesions being the most common. EP-like lesions, which are primary related with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection, are characterised by consolidation areas, demarcated purple or grey areas in the lungs. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen and the suggestive lesions associated with previous infections of this agent are commonly chronic pleurisy lesions located in the dorso-caudal regions from the lungs. This type of lesion is commonly evaluated by the Slaughterhouse Pleurisy Evaluation System (SPES). The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of EP-like lesions and pleurisy in 2,142 finishing pigs from 18 different farms (central Portugal, southern Portugal, and northern Spain), the association between EP-like lesions and pleurisies, and the relationship with pluck lesions (lobe scars, emphysema, lung congestion, pericarditis, liver milk spots lesions, and steatosis) and gut lesions (splenitis, pancreatitis, enteritis). For this purpose, EP-like lesions were classified per lobe under the method of enzootic pneumonia–like lesions. Pleurisy lesions were classified under the SPES score method. The presence of other lesions such as pericarditis, liver milk spots, splenitis, pancreatitis, lymphadenitis, and enteritis were also evaluated. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. A variable was considered statistically significant when its P-value≤ 0.05, i.e. its 95% confidence interval of the Odds Ratio (OR) does not contain 1. Among the sample, 41.1% pigs presented EP-like lesions (20.5% registered EP-like lesions scored 1–3, and 20.7% scored 4–24). Around 12% of the sample presented pleurisy, of which 4.8% were of a degree 4 level. Following the EP-like lesions and pleurisy, liver milk spots and pericarditis were the most frequent lesions (4.8% and3.6%, respectively). In this study, the most affected lobes by EP-like lesions were the medial and cranial lobes. The higher the EP-like lesion score, the lower the incidence of presenting an SPES score of 4 (OR=0.38, P<0.001). The higher the SPES scores, the lower the incidence of an EP-like lesion score of category 1 (OR=0.86, P=0.031) or category 2 (OR=0.71, P<0.0001). Pericarditis was associated with a higher incidence of SPES scores 1 (OR=8.57, P<0.001), 2 (OR=7.29, P<0.001), or 4 (OR=26.55, P<0.001). Consolidated pneumonia lesions were the most common cause of partial rejection for human consumption, followed by pleuritic lesions, milk spot lesions, and pericarditis. This study reinforces the importance of monitoring respiratory findings of pig carcasses at the slaughterhouse. It is advantageous to assess the animal’s production performance and welfare. Moreover, lung lesions are closely","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco L. Franco, Paula A. Oliveira, Rui Patrício, A. Faustino-Rocha
The gecko leopard (Eublepharis macularius) was first described in 1854 by British herpetologist Edward Blyth. It is one of the most popular pet lizard species, due to its docile temperament, ease of maintenance and reproduction in captivity, its high longevity and small size, and its beauty and diversity of colours and patterns. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an important behavioural regulator. Vitamin D also regulates many fundamental physiological functions in vertebrates, mainly calcium homeostasis. Because of the great diversity of reptile species and the wide range of environmental adaptations, it is important to know the necessities and adaptations of each species regarding UV, vitamin D and calcium requirements. This study provides an overview of the leopard gecko’s lifestyle, and the importance of ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and calcium for this species.
{"title":"The lifestyle of the leopard gecko and the importance of ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and calcium","authors":"Francisco L. Franco, Paula A. Oliveira, Rui Patrício, A. Faustino-Rocha","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"The gecko leopard (Eublepharis macularius) was first described in 1854 by British herpetologist Edward Blyth. It is one of the most popular pet lizard species, due to its docile temperament, ease of maintenance and reproduction in captivity, its high longevity and small size, and its beauty and diversity of colours and patterns. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an important behavioural regulator. Vitamin D also regulates many fundamental physiological functions in vertebrates, mainly calcium homeostasis. Because of the great diversity of reptile species and the wide range of environmental adaptations, it is important to know the necessities and adaptations of each species regarding UV, vitamin D and calcium requirements. This study provides an overview of the leopard gecko’s lifestyle, and the importance of ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and calcium for this species.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enrique Pardo-Pérez, Daniel Florez-Martínez, Mauricio Begambre-Hernández
The species known as the domestic pigeon, scientifically Columba livia, has managed to establish itself successfully in urban environments of numerous cities around the world. This expansion has become so significant that it has triggered concerns related to its tendency to nest in human-built structures. This nesting behaviour has contributed to the deterioration of these buildings. The distinctive presence of these birds in neighbourhoods and plazas has generated a growing interest in better understanding the genetic patterns that encode their varied coloration and plumage designs. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of the population of domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Montería, Colombia, using phenotypic markers of plumage. Random sampling was conducted between March and April 2023 on 21 flocks of pigeons within the municipality of Montería. Through urban excursions, direct observation, and photographic records, 1570 individuals were phenotypically classified. Autosomal markers encoding coloration and plumage design were studied: Checker (C), Grizzle (G), Spread (S), and Ash-Red (B). The genetic profiles of subpopulations of domestic pigeons were established using the following genetic population indices: expected heterozygosity (He), total genetic diversity (HT), diversity within populations (HS), diversity between populations (DST), coefficient of genetic diversity (GST), gene flow (Nm), and genetic distance between populations. It was found that the most common allele in the studied populations is Checker, allelic frequencies ranged from 0.315 for the Checker gene to 0.005 for the Spread marker. Total genetic diversity was moderate, and genetic differentiation between populations was low, accompanied by a high gene flow. An excess of heterozygotes was also observed, and low genetic distance values were found between populations. The results indicate limited genetic differentiation among populations, leading to the conclusion that pigeon populations in Montería are highly related.
{"title":"Genetska analiza gradskih golubova (Columba livia) kroz markere povezane s bojom perja u općini Montería, Córdoba, Kolumbija","authors":"Enrique Pardo-Pérez, Daniel Florez-Martínez, Mauricio Begambre-Hernández","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The species known as the domestic pigeon, scientifically Columba livia, has managed to establish itself successfully in urban environments of numerous cities around the world. This expansion has become so significant that it has triggered concerns related to its tendency to nest in human-built structures. This nesting behaviour has contributed to the deterioration of these buildings. The distinctive presence of these birds in neighbourhoods and plazas has generated a growing interest in better understanding the genetic patterns that encode their varied coloration and plumage designs. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of the population of domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Montería, Colombia, using phenotypic markers of plumage. Random sampling was conducted between March and April 2023 on 21 flocks of pigeons within the municipality of Montería. Through urban excursions, direct observation, and photographic records, 1570 individuals were phenotypically classified. Autosomal markers encoding coloration and plumage design were studied: Checker (C), Grizzle (G), Spread (S), and Ash-Red (B). The genetic profiles of subpopulations of domestic pigeons were established using the following genetic population indices: expected heterozygosity (He), total genetic diversity (HT), diversity within populations (HS), diversity between populations (DST), coefficient of genetic diversity (GST), gene flow (Nm), and genetic distance between populations. It was found that the most common allele in the studied populations is Checker, allelic frequencies ranged from 0.315 for the Checker gene to 0.005 for the Spread marker. Total genetic diversity was moderate, and genetic differentiation between populations was low, accompanied by a high gene flow. An excess of heterozygotes was also observed, and low genetic distance values were found between populations. The results indicate limited genetic differentiation among populations, leading to the conclusion that pigeon populations in Montería are highly related.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"42 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zn accumulation may be utilized as a reliable biomarker for determining the degree of environmental pollution in water, sediment, and river fish tissues. In this study data obtained from ICP-MS evaluation revealed that the levels of Zn in the sediment from 9 hotspots (HS) were: 214.5, 138.8, 164.8, 269.6, 156.6, 356.6, 120.8, 387.5, and 259.7 mg/kg dry mass of sediment, respectively. Zn concentrations in S. cephalus fish liver at 9 hotspots were as follows: 11.623, 9.982, 13.514, 31.451, 27.513, 39.791, 10.034, 46.502, and 14.903 mg/kg wet weight. Only in the HS-8 the Zn concentration in the liver exceed the FAO limits. Zn concentrations in muscle varied from HS-1 to HS-9: 3.013; 7,021; 3,304; 6,513; 5,504; 2,802; 5,213; 6.342; and 8.704 mg/ kg wet weight. The Zn concentrations in muscle did not surpass FAO guidelines and do not constitute a concern to public health. There is a statistical relationship between Zn concentration in sediment and the liver. The Zn level found in the sediment at each of the nine sampling locations, reveals heavy pollution caused by industry or other activities conducted in these locations and needs more seriousattention from authorities.
{"title":"Environmental contamination by Zinc and the risk of its introduction into the food chain","authors":"Jani Mavromati, L. Shaqiri","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Zn accumulation may be utilized as a reliable biomarker for determining the degree of environmental pollution in water, sediment, and river fish tissues. In this study data obtained from ICP-MS evaluation revealed that the levels of Zn in the sediment from 9 hotspots (HS) were: 214.5, 138.8, 164.8, 269.6, 156.6, 356.6, 120.8, 387.5, and 259.7 mg/kg dry mass of sediment, respectively. Zn concentrations in S. cephalus fish liver at 9 hotspots were as follows: 11.623, 9.982, 13.514, 31.451, 27.513, 39.791, 10.034, 46.502, and 14.903 mg/kg wet weight. Only in the HS-8 the Zn concentration in the liver exceed the FAO limits. Zn concentrations in muscle varied from HS-1 to HS-9: 3.013; 7,021; 3,304; 6,513; 5,504; 2,802; 5,213; 6.342; and 8.704 mg/ kg wet weight. The Zn concentrations in muscle did not surpass FAO guidelines and do not constitute a concern to public health. There is a statistical relationship between Zn concentration in sediment and the liver. The Zn level found in the sediment at each of the nine sampling locations, reveals heavy pollution caused by industry or other activities conducted in these locations and needs more seriousattention from authorities.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"65 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. G. Zupičić, D. Oraić, I. Arzul, L. Canier, Mathilde Noyer, B. Chollet, S. Zrnčić
We investigated a mass mortality event of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in the Novigrad Sea, Croatia during winter 2022/2023. The mortality rate was up to 70% and was initially linked to an influx of freshwater from the Zrmanja River. Despite mitigation measures that included placing mussels deeper to avoid the influence of freshwater, mortalities continued. Subsequent analysis of 64 samples using cytology, histolology and real-time PCR to exclude listed diseases, yielded negative results. PCR testing for Haplosporidium pinnae revealed the presence of a haplosporidian-like DNA resembling Minchinia mytili. In the study of predominant bacteria, Psychrobacter sp., Colwellia sp., and Vibrio splendidus were detected. Histological examination showed no haplosporidium structures, and in situ hybridisation with probes for detection of Haplosporiidae did not confirmed the presence of M. mytili in mussel tissue. However, our study reports the first detection of M. mytili DNA in the Adriatic Sea, emphasising the need for extensive research and further analysis to determine the exact cause of these mass mortality events and the origin of the haplosporidium DNA.
{"title":"Detection of Minchinia mytili DNA in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) after a mass mortality event in the Adriatic Sea","authors":"I. G. Zupičić, D. Oraić, I. Arzul, L. Canier, Mathilde Noyer, B. Chollet, S. Zrnčić","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated a mass mortality event of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in the Novigrad Sea, Croatia during winter 2022/2023. The mortality rate was up to 70% and was initially linked to an influx of freshwater from the Zrmanja River. Despite mitigation measures that included placing mussels deeper to avoid the influence of freshwater, mortalities continued. Subsequent analysis of 64 samples using cytology, histolology and real-time PCR to exclude listed diseases, yielded negative results. PCR testing for Haplosporidium pinnae revealed the presence of a haplosporidian-like DNA resembling Minchinia mytili. In the study of predominant bacteria, Psychrobacter sp., Colwellia sp., and Vibrio splendidus were detected. Histological examination showed no haplosporidium structures, and in situ hybridisation with probes for detection of Haplosporiidae did not confirmed the presence of M. mytili in mussel tissue. However, our study reports the first detection of M. mytili DNA in the Adriatic Sea, emphasising the need for extensive research and further analysis to determine the exact cause of these mass mortality events and the origin of the haplosporidium DNA.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"94 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Paliy, O. Pavlichenko, A. Berezovskyi, A. Fotin, D. Kisil, O. Panasenko
Despite current successes in fighting animal tuberculosis, sporadic cases of infection with both the disease’s causative agents and atypical mycobacteria still occur in animals. Since animal mycobacteriosis cannot be treated with medication, priority must be given to their prevention and elimination as non-specific measures, including disinfection. The unique structure of the mycobacteria cell de- termines their high resistance to antimicrobial agents, therefore the constant search for effective disinfectants is an urgent task of veterinary science. This study aimed to determine the bactericidal properties of several inorganic acids against mycobacteria. Experiments were carried out following modern methodological aspects using the atypical mycobacteria M. fortuitum, pathogens of tuberculosis M. bovis and M. avium. Orthophosphoric (phosphoric) acid (H3PO4) and nitric acid (HNO3) were used in the experiments. Using the suspension method, orthophosphoric acid was found to have a bactericidal effect against atypical mycobacteria- ria M. fortuitum and the pathogen of tuberculoussis M. avium when tested at a concentration of 1.5% (24 hours) and 2.0% (1–24 hours), against the causative agent of tuberculosis M. bovis at a concentration of 1.5% (5–24 hours) and 2.0% (1–24 hours). Nitric acid showed a bactericidal effect when tested in solution against mycobacteriaria M. fortuitum and M. avium at a concentration of 2.0% (5–24 hours), and against M. bovis at a concentration of 2.0% after 1 hour exposure. A different level of mycobacterial growth intensity in test tubes was observed after the action of inorganic acids in sub-bactericidal and bacteriostatic concentrations, which was directly dependent on the concentration and exposure of the acid, and on the type of test culture of microorganisms. It has been shown that inorganic acids can disinfect surfaces contaminated with the tuberculosis-causing agent. This refers to various surfaces like wood, tile, fabric, glass, and metal. It has been found that orthophosphoric acid (1.5% for 24 hours) and nitric acid (2.0% for 5 hours) can be used to disinfect in cases of tuberculosis infection. These findings have been confirmed through bioassays on laboratory animals. Future research will focus on discovering and developing new medications with strong bactericidal properties against mycobacteria.
尽管目前在与动物结核病的斗争中取得了成功，但动物中仍然发生散发的感染疾病病原体和非典型分枝杆菌的病例。由于动物分枝杆菌病不能用药物治疗，因此必须优先考虑将其预防和消除作为非特异性措施，包括消毒。分枝杆菌细胞的独特结构决定了它们对抗菌剂的高耐药性，因此不断寻找有效的消毒剂是兽医科学的一项紧迫任务。本研究旨在测定几种无机酸对分枝杆菌的杀菌性能。实验采用现代方法，采用非典型结核分枝杆菌、牛结核分枝杆菌和鸟结核分枝杆菌。实验采用正磷酸(H3PO4)和硝酸(HNO3)。用悬液法测定，正磷酸在1.5%(24小时)和2.0%(1-24小时)浓度下对非典型分枝杆菌福氏分枝杆菌(ria M. fortuitum)和禽结核分枝杆菌(tuberculosis M. avium)病原体有抑菌作用，在1.5%(5-24小时)和2.0%(1-24小时)浓度下对牛结核分枝杆菌(tuberculosis M. bovis)病原体有抑菌作用。硝酸溶液中浓度为2.0%时(5-24小时)对福氏分枝杆菌和鸟分枝杆菌有杀菌作用，浓度为2.0%时(1小时)对牛分枝杆菌有杀菌作用。无机酸在亚杀菌和抑菌浓度下作用后，在试管中观察到不同程度的分枝杆菌生长强度，这直接取决于酸的浓度和暴露，以及微生物的试验培养类型。研究表明，无机酸可以对被致病菌污染的表面进行消毒。这指的是各种表面，如木材、瓷砖、织物、玻璃和金属。研究发现，正磷酸(1.5%)消毒24小时，硝酸(2.0%)消毒5小时。这些发现已通过实验动物的生物测定得到证实。未来的研究将集中于发现和开发对分枝杆菌具有强杀菌性能的新药物。
{"title":"Baktericidna svojstva nekih organskih kiselina u odnosu na mikobakterije","authors":"A. Paliy, O. Pavlichenko, A. Berezovskyi, A. Fotin, D. Kisil, O. Panasenko","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Despite current successes in fighting animal tuberculosis, sporadic cases of infection with both the disease’s causative agents and atypical mycobacteria still occur in animals. Since animal mycobacteriosis cannot be treated with medication, priority must be given to their prevention and elimination as non-specific measures, including disinfection. The unique structure of the mycobacteria cell de- termines their high resistance to antimicrobial agents, therefore the constant search for effective disinfectants is an urgent task of veterinary science. This study aimed to determine the bactericidal properties of several inorganic acids against mycobacteria. Experiments were carried out following modern methodological aspects using the atypical mycobacteria M. fortuitum, pathogens of tuberculosis M. bovis and M. avium. Orthophosphoric (phosphoric) acid (H3PO4) and nitric acid (HNO3) were used in the experiments. Using the suspension method, orthophosphoric acid was found to have a bactericidal effect against atypical mycobacteria- ria M. fortuitum and the pathogen of tuberculoussis M. avium when tested at a concentration of 1.5% (24 hours) and 2.0% (1–24 hours), against the causative agent of tuberculosis M. bovis at a concentration of 1.5% (5–24 hours) and 2.0% (1–24 hours). Nitric acid showed a bactericidal effect when tested in solution against mycobacteriaria M. fortuitum and M. avium at a concentration of 2.0% (5–24 hours), and against M. bovis at a concentration of 2.0% after 1 hour exposure. A different level of mycobacterial growth intensity in test tubes was observed after the action of inorganic acids in sub-bactericidal and bacteriostatic concentrations, which was directly dependent on the concentration and exposure of the acid, and on the type of test culture of microorganisms. It has been shown that inorganic acids can disinfect surfaces contaminated with the tuberculosis-causing agent. This refers to various surfaces like wood, tile, fabric, glass, and metal. It has been found that orthophosphoric acid (1.5% for 24 hours) and nitric acid (2.0% for 5 hours) can be used to disinfect in cases of tuberculosis infection. These findings have been confirmed through bioassays on laboratory animals. Future research will focus on discovering and developing new medications with strong bactericidal properties against mycobacteria.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"92 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emina Muftić, Anela Mušanović, Neira Fazlović, K. Čaklovica, Muhamed Smajlović, Amina Magoda, Nedžad Gradaščević, Ahmed Smajlović, Enida Članjak-Kudra
This study aimed to assess the microbi- ological quality of Livno cheese and milk as its raw material. It also investigated potential differences in microorganism presence and quantity between milk and cheese to under- stand the impact of milk processing on micro- biological quality. A total of 15 raw milk and 15 Livno ripened cheese samples were ana- lysed for the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Detection and quan- tification were performed for the following microorganisms: coagulase-positive staphy- lococci, aerobic mesophilic bacteria (for milk samples), E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, sulfite-re- ducing clostridia (for cheese samples), yeasts and moulds. Salmonella spp. was not detected in any of the samples. Microbiological analy- sis of milk revealed varying levels of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, moulds, and L. monocytogenes. Coagu- lase-positive staphylococci were detected in only two of 15 raw milk samples. In 15 Livno cheese samples, all tested microorganisms were below detectable levels except for E. coli (found in two samples) and Enterobacteriaceae (found in three samples). Statistical tests indi- cated significant differences in microbial pres- ence and quantity between milk and cheese, except for coagulase-positive staphylococci. Given the importance of cheese microbiology for food safety and consumer health, this re- search provides valuable insights into the pro- duction and quality control of this traditional Bosnian cheese.
{"title":"Mikrobiološka kakvoća livanjskog sira","authors":"Emina Muftić, Anela Mušanović, Neira Fazlović, K. Čaklovica, Muhamed Smajlović, Amina Magoda, Nedžad Gradaščević, Ahmed Smajlović, Enida Članjak-Kudra","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the microbi- ological quality of Livno cheese and milk as its raw material. It also investigated potential differences in microorganism presence and quantity between milk and cheese to under- stand the impact of milk processing on micro- biological quality. A total of 15 raw milk and 15 Livno ripened cheese samples were ana- lysed for the presence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Detection and quan- tification were performed for the following microorganisms: coagulase-positive staphy- lococci, aerobic mesophilic bacteria (for milk samples), E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, sulfite-re- ducing clostridia (for cheese samples), yeasts and moulds. Salmonella spp. was not detected in any of the samples. Microbiological analy- sis of milk revealed varying levels of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, moulds, and L. monocytogenes. Coagu- lase-positive staphylococci were detected in only two of 15 raw milk samples. In 15 Livno cheese samples, all tested microorganisms were below detectable levels except for E. coli (found in two samples) and Enterobacteriaceae (found in three samples). Statistical tests indi- cated significant differences in microbial pres- ence and quantity between milk and cheese, except for coagulase-positive staphylococci. Given the importance of cheese microbiology for food safety and consumer health, this re- search provides valuable insights into the pro- duction and quality control of this traditional Bosnian cheese.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139210475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dairy cow feeding plays an important role in milk production. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a feed additive (association of acidifier and mycotoxin binder) on milk production in dairy cattle. For this purpose, 22 cows belonging to three breeds (Montbeliard, Holstein, and Flekveih) were used. The cows were divided into two groups; a control group with seven cows and an experimental group with 15 animals. The results showed that the additive had a positive effect on milk production (23.14±5.87 litres for the experimental group vs 18.00±6.90 litres for the control). The additive also had a good effect on the percentage of sub-clinical mastitis: the Californian Mastitis Test (CMT) carried out at monthly intervals showed a clear improvement in the udder health of females in the experiment with 13 positive samples in the first test for nine cows (with four affected teats) and 10 positive samples for the second test in three cows (with three affected teats). Moreover, statistical tests revealed a significant difference in the mean fat content (35 g/L vs 23.86 g/L, respectively) while the average Faeces Consistency Score and Dornic acidity was lower in the experimental group compared to the control (2.23 vs 3.21 and 13.83 vs 16.14, respectively). These results show the importance of incorporating the feed additive into the diet of dairy cows and the need to implement an extension programme and zootechnical supervision of all actors in the sector to ensure the quality of milk production and the performance of dairy cows.
奶牛饲养在牛奶生产中起着重要的作用。本研究旨在评价一种饲料添加剂(酸化剂和霉菌毒素结合剂的结合)对奶牛产奶量的影响。为此，使用了三个品种(Montbeliard, Holstein和Flekveih)的22头奶牛。奶牛被分成两组;对照组7头，试验组15头。结果表明，该添加剂对奶牛产奶量有积极影响(试验组为23.14±5.87升，对照组为18.00±6.90升)。该添加剂对亚临床乳腺炎的百分比也有很好的影响:每月进行一次的加利福尼亚乳腺炎试验(CMT)表明，在第一次试验中，有9头奶牛(有4头受影响的奶牛)有13个阳性样本，在第二次试验中有3头奶牛(有3头受影响的奶牛)有10个阳性样本，试验中女性的乳房健康有明显改善。此外，统计检验显示，实验组的平均脂肪含量(35 g/L vs 23.86 g/L)和平均粪便一致性评分(2.23 vs 3.21)和多尼酸(13.83 vs 16.14)均低于对照组。这些结果表明，将饲料添加剂纳入奶牛日粮的重要性，以及实施推广计划和对该部门所有参与者进行动物技术监督的必要性，以确保牛奶生产质量和奶牛的生产性能。
{"title":"Impact of a feed additive (acidifier and toxin-binder) in milk production in dairy cattle","authors":"Chellali Houari, Nora Mimoune, Nassima Ait-Issad, Ali Youcef Kadri, Asma Aiza, Djamel Khelef","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Dairy cow feeding plays an important role in milk production. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a feed additive (association of acidifier and mycotoxin binder) on milk production in dairy cattle. For this purpose, 22 cows belonging to three breeds (Montbeliard, Holstein, and Flekveih) were used. The cows were divided into two groups; a control group with seven cows and an experimental group with 15 animals. The results showed that the additive had a positive effect on milk production (23.14±5.87 litres for the experimental group vs 18.00±6.90 litres for the control). The additive also had a good effect on the percentage of sub-clinical mastitis: the Californian Mastitis Test (CMT) carried out at monthly intervals showed a clear improvement in the udder health of females in the experiment with 13 positive samples in the first test for nine cows (with four affected teats) and 10 positive samples for the second test in three cows (with three affected teats). Moreover, statistical tests revealed a significant difference in the mean fat content (35 g/L vs 23.86 g/L, respectively) while the average Faeces Consistency Score and Dornic acidity was lower in the experimental group compared to the control (2.23 vs 3.21 and 13.83 vs 16.14, respectively). These results show the importance of incorporating the feed additive into the diet of dairy cows and the need to implement an extension programme and zootechnical supervision of all actors in the sector to ensure the quality of milk production and the performance of dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135743768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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