In this study, the possible effect of bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) on abortions in selected dairy herds in the Mitidja plain of Algeria was investigated serologically. Serum samples obtained from 460 aborted cows, where frequent abortions occurred during the second and third trimester of gestation during the period July 2018 to July 2019, were analysed for the presence of specific antibodies for BHV-1 using the ELISA technique. The results revealed an individual seroprevalence of 43.7% (201/460) of the tested samples were positive for BHV-1 specific antibodies by ELISA, and a herd seroprevalence of 68.7% (110/160). According to our results, BHV-1 may be responsible for the abortions encountered in the tested cattle, which may indicate the presence of persistentlyand permanently infected animals in Algerian dairy cattle farms. In order to control bovine abortions caused by BHV-1, vaccination campaigns should be carried out before the cattle are released for breeding.
{"title":"Seroprevalencija zaraznog rinotraheitisa goveda u krava s pobačajem u Alžiru","authors":"Nadia Djellata","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the possible effect of bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) on abortions in selected dairy herds in the Mitidja plain of Algeria was investigated serologically. Serum samples obtained from 460 aborted cows, where frequent abortions occurred during the second and third trimester of gestation during the period July 2018 to July 2019, were analysed for the presence of specific antibodies for BHV-1 using the ELISA technique. The results revealed an individual seroprevalence of 43.7% (201/460) of the tested samples were positive for BHV-1 specific antibodies by ELISA, and a herd seroprevalence of 68.7% (110/160). According to our results, BHV-1 may be responsible for the abortions encountered in the tested cattle, which may indicate the presence of persistentlyand permanently infected animals in Algerian dairy cattle farms. In order to control bovine abortions caused by BHV-1, vaccination campaigns should be carried out before the cattle are released for breeding.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135788805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Božica Solomun Kolanović, Ines Varga, Đurđica Božić Luburić, Ivana Varenina, Nina Bilandžić, Maja Đokić
The aim of this study was to develop and validate an ELISA method for determining the type of meat in meat and meat products and its application in the detection of species adulteration in commercial meat products from retail chains in the Republic of Croatia. The developed method showed 100% specificity towards cattle, pig, sheep and poultry proteins and no cross-reaction with non-target food type antibodies, and was able to rapidly and reliably detect a given meat species in cooked meat samples at a 2% level of contamination. The analysis of meat products collected from various retail chains and butchers in the period from 2012 to 2022 showed satisfactory agreement with the declared species in 95.7% of cases. Canned pork products contained the least amount of potentially mis-declared products. Further, 35% of sudjuk samples, contained pork in addition to declared beef, while 26.7% of chicken sausages contained undeclared pork. Given that deviations of meat products from the declaration were determined in 4.3% of the total analysed samples, the importance of systematic prevention and detection of food fraud is emphasised through the establishment of a regular and effective system of supervision and control.
{"title":"Qualitative detection of species adulteration in commercial meat products using a validated ELISA method","authors":"Božica Solomun Kolanović, Ines Varga, Đurđica Božić Luburić, Ivana Varenina, Nina Bilandžić, Maja Đokić","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to develop and validate an ELISA method for determining the type of meat in meat and meat products and its application in the detection of species adulteration in commercial meat products from retail chains in the Republic of Croatia. The developed method showed 100% specificity towards cattle, pig, sheep and poultry proteins and no cross-reaction with non-target food type antibodies, and was able to rapidly and reliably detect a given meat species in cooked meat samples at a 2% level of contamination. The analysis of meat products collected from various retail chains and butchers in the period from 2012 to 2022 showed satisfactory agreement with the declared species in 95.7% of cases. Canned pork products contained the least amount of potentially mis-declared products. Further, 35% of sudjuk samples, contained pork in addition to declared beef, while 26.7% of chicken sausages contained undeclared pork. Given that deviations of meat products from the declaration were determined in 4.3% of the total analysed samples, the importance of systematic prevention and detection of food fraud is emphasised through the establishment of a regular and effective system of supervision and control.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135743643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to study the effect of various risk factors on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis, we studied the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in 104 dairy cows (416 udders) from 18 bovine herds in three wilayas in eastern of Algeria using the California mastitis test (CMT) combined with bacteriological analysis. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of 27 risk factors related to the animal, its environment and milking practices on prevalence, as well as the effects of breed, age, stage of lactation, housing and litter type, hygiene level, season, mil production, vacuum level and elimination of first jets on subclinical mastitis frequency. A survey was carried out to collect data on cow numbers, breeds, type of breeding, housing, litter and the level of hygiene in farms, the method of milking and milking practices. The CMT combined with bacteriological examination was performed to detect subclinical mastitis, the Chi 2 test was used to test for difference between the means. Prevalence values were: 24% by CMT vs 17% by bacteriology analysis. Concerning udders, we recorded a rate of 10% vs. 8.7% respectively. The results of the survey show that the Holstein breed is the most exploited and affected (P<0.05). The number of dairy cows varied from 3 to 20 cows. In this study, 56% of cows were raised on farms built of cinder blocks, which had a lower rate compared to farms built of wood and reeds (P<0.001). Animal housing consisting of a concrete floor 33% vs. 36% raised with straw bedding and were more affected (P<0.001), litter is removed only once a day for 13% of cows, which is a factor that predisposes cows to this disease. The frequency is higher during early and late compared to mid-lactation phases (P<0.05); low udder conformation and the right side of udders also had an impact on this disease alongside animal hygiene (P<0.05), and cattle producing more than 12 litres per day were more susceptible (P<0.05). However, the frequency of mastitis was only slightly modified by the lactation number of cows. High and low vacuum level of milking machines and pulsation frequency predisposed cows more to this disease (P<0.05). In this study, cows milked manually were significantly more affected (P<0.05) particularly in summer and the winter, showing high rates (P<0.05).
{"title":"Analysis of the impact of risk factors on the occurrence of subclinical mastitis on dairy cattle farms in eastern Algeria","authors":"Brahim Bouchoucha, Noureddine Zeghilet, Rachida Aimeur, Nedjoua Lakhdara, Omar Bouaziz","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the effect of various risk factors on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis, we studied the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in 104 dairy cows (416 udders) from 18 bovine herds in three wilayas in eastern of Algeria using the California mastitis test (CMT) combined with bacteriological analysis. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of 27 risk factors related to the animal, its environment and milking practices on prevalence, as well as the effects of breed, age, stage of lactation, housing and litter type, hygiene level, season, mil production, vacuum level and elimination of first jets on subclinical mastitis frequency. A survey was carried out to collect data on cow numbers, breeds, type of breeding, housing, litter and the level of hygiene in farms, the method of milking and milking practices. The CMT combined with bacteriological examination was performed to detect subclinical mastitis, the Chi 2 test was used to test for difference between the means. Prevalence values were: 24% by CMT vs 17% by bacteriology analysis. Concerning udders, we recorded a rate of 10% vs. 8.7% respectively. The results of the survey show that the Holstein breed is the most exploited and affected (P&lt;0.05). The number of dairy cows varied from 3 to 20 cows. In this study, 56% of cows were raised on farms built of cinder blocks, which had a lower rate compared to farms built of wood and reeds (P&lt;0.001). Animal housing consisting of a concrete floor 33% vs. 36% raised with straw bedding and were more affected (P&lt;0.001), litter is removed only once a day for 13% of cows, which is a factor that predisposes cows to this disease. The frequency is higher during early and late compared to mid-lactation phases (P&lt;0.05); low udder conformation and the right side of udders also had an impact on this disease alongside animal hygiene (P&lt;0.05), and cattle producing more than 12 litres per day were more susceptible (P&lt;0.05). However, the frequency of mastitis was only slightly modified by the lactation number of cows. High and low vacuum level of milking machines and pulsation frequency predisposed cows more to this disease (P&lt;0.05). In this study, cows milked manually were significantly more affected (P&lt;0.05) particularly in summer and the winter, showing high rates (P&lt;0.05).","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135743644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arieta Camaj Ibrahimi, Bajram Berisha, Arben Haziri, Aferdita Camaj Isa, Hata Dibrani Sopjani, Shyhrete Muriqi, Nexhdet Shala, Ibrahim Hoxha
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a toxic byproduct of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced by Aspergillus fungi, is a carcinogenic mycotoxin that can contaminate various agricultural commodities. It can be transferred from AFB1-contaminated feed to milk and dairy products, including yogurt, posing a potential health risk to consumers. In spring 2023, a total of 74 yogurt samples were collected from the largest food suppliers in Kosovo for analysis, including samples produced in Kosovo and seven other countries: Albania, North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Greece, Italy, and Germany. A rapid and sensitive analytical method, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was used for the analysis. The results of the study highlight discernible differences in the maximum tolerable levels of AFM1 between the countries. More specifically, yogurt samples from Slovenia and Germany had lower levels than those from other countries. Additionally, the median levels of AFM1 in samples from Slovenia and Germany were significantly lower. The mean concentrations of AFM1 in yogurt samples from Kosovo and other countries were 0.071 μg/kg and 0.080 μg/kg, respectively. Out of all samples, 66 (89%) exceeded the maximum tolerable limit of 0.05 μg/kg. Among the exporting countries, Albania had the highest median AFM1 level of 0.085 μg/kg and the highest maximum level of 0.195 μg/kg. Slovenia had the lowest median AFM1 level, while Germany had the lowest maximum AFM1 level. All samples from Albania, Greece, and Bosnia and Herzegovina exceeded the maximum tolerable limit. High prevalence was also observed in samples from Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Slovenia. Considering the average daily consumption of about 250 grams of yogurt, and the total median value of Aflatoxin M1 concentration (0.071 μg/kg), the estimated daily intake was calculated to be 0.017 μg. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and enforcing regulatory limits to ensure yogurt safety and to protect public health. Efforts should be focused on mitigating AFM1 contamination and implementing measures to minimise its presence in dairy products, especially in regions where levels exceed the established limits.
{"title":"Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in yogurt samples found in markets in Kosovo during spring 2023","authors":"Arieta Camaj Ibrahimi, Bajram Berisha, Arben Haziri, Aferdita Camaj Isa, Hata Dibrani Sopjani, Shyhrete Muriqi, Nexhdet Shala, Ibrahim Hoxha","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a toxic byproduct of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced by Aspergillus fungi, is a carcinogenic mycotoxin that can contaminate various agricultural commodities. It can be transferred from AFB1-contaminated feed to milk and dairy products, including yogurt, posing a potential health risk to consumers. In spring 2023, a total of 74 yogurt samples were collected from the largest food suppliers in Kosovo for analysis, including samples produced in Kosovo and seven other countries: Albania, North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Greece, Italy, and Germany. A rapid and sensitive analytical method, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was used for the analysis. The results of the study highlight discernible differences in the maximum tolerable levels of AFM1 between the countries. More specifically, yogurt samples from Slovenia and Germany had lower levels than those from other countries. Additionally, the median levels of AFM1 in samples from Slovenia and Germany were significantly lower. The mean concentrations of AFM1 in yogurt samples from Kosovo and other countries were 0.071 μg/kg and 0.080 μg/kg, respectively. Out of all samples, 66 (89%) exceeded the maximum tolerable limit of 0.05 μg/kg. Among the exporting countries, Albania had the highest median AFM1 level of 0.085 μg/kg and the highest maximum level of 0.195 μg/kg. Slovenia had the lowest median AFM1 level, while Germany had the lowest maximum AFM1 level. All samples from Albania, Greece, and Bosnia and Herzegovina exceeded the maximum tolerable limit. High prevalence was also observed in samples from Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Slovenia. Considering the average daily consumption of about 250 grams of yogurt, and the total median value of Aflatoxin M1 concentration (0.071 μg/kg), the estimated daily intake was calculated to be 0.017 μg. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and enforcing regulatory limits to ensure yogurt safety and to protect public health. Efforts should be focused on mitigating AFM1 contamination and implementing measures to minimise its presence in dairy products, especially in regions where levels exceed the established limits.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135743766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lyda C. Caballero Méndez, Manuela Gómez Domínguez, Angie Dahianna Franco García, Margarita Maria Mazo, Rafael R. Santisteban Arenas, Luz Natalia Franco-Montoya
In Colombia, there are reports of approximately 6.4 million pets, making this the fourth country in Latin America and leading the pet sector with an annual growth of 13%. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis, a parasitic nematode, in 170 canines from the municipalities of Pereira, Santa Rosa de Cabal, and La Virginia, located in the department of Risaralda and the municipalities of Calarca and Armenia in the department of Quindio. A cross-sectional study was carried out on canines from animal shelters during the period 2021–2022. Blood samples were taken, and in vitro immunochromatography was performed to detect specific lesions for Dirofilaria immitis. A peripheral blood smear confirmed positive patients, and a chest x-ray was performed to show changes in the morphology of the heart and blood vessels. Seroprevalence was determined by calculating proportions with the 95% confidence interval determined by the exact or Clopper-Pearson method for a proportion based on sample size and the number of positive cases. The seroprevalence of the test for Dirofilaria immitis was 0.62% (95% CI = 0.016–3.42%). This parasite is a nematode of low distribution in areas of the coffee region. However, surveillance programmes that help control and reduce its transmission should be established.
在哥伦比亚，据报道大约有640万只宠物，使其成为拉丁美洲第四大宠物国家，并以13%的年增长率引领宠物行业。本研究旨在确定来自里萨拉尔达省Pereira、Santa Rosa de Cabal和La Virginia市以及金迪奥省Calarca市和亚美尼亚市的170只犬的免疫线虫(Dirofilaria immitis)血清阳性率。在2021年至2022年期间，对动物收容所的犬类进行了横断面研究。采集血样，体外免疫层析检测免疫丝虫炎特异性病变。外周血涂片证实阳性患者，胸部x线检查显示心脏和血管形态的变化。血清阳性率通过计算比例来确定，95%置信区间由精确或克洛珀-皮尔逊方法确定，该比例基于样本量和阳性病例数。免疫双丝虫血清阳性率为0.62% (95% CI = 0.016 ~ 3.42%)。这种寄生虫是一种在咖啡地区低分布的线虫。但是，应当建立有助于控制和减少其传播的监测规划。
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in canines from animal shelters in the Colombian coffee region (Eje Cafetero)","authors":"Lyda C. Caballero Méndez, Manuela Gómez Domínguez, Angie Dahianna Franco García, Margarita Maria Mazo, Rafael R. Santisteban Arenas, Luz Natalia Franco-Montoya","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"In Colombia, there are reports of approximately 6.4 million pets, making this the fourth country in Latin America and leading the pet sector with an annual growth of 13%. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis, a parasitic nematode, in 170 canines from the municipalities of Pereira, Santa Rosa de Cabal, and La Virginia, located in the department of Risaralda and the municipalities of Calarca and Armenia in the department of Quindio. A cross-sectional study was carried out on canines from animal shelters during the period 2021–2022. Blood samples were taken, and in vitro immunochromatography was performed to detect specific lesions for Dirofilaria immitis. A peripheral blood smear confirmed positive patients, and a chest x-ray was performed to show changes in the morphology of the heart and blood vessels. Seroprevalence was determined by calculating proportions with the 95% confidence interval determined by the exact or Clopper-Pearson method for a proportion based on sample size and the number of positive cases. The seroprevalence of the test for Dirofilaria immitis was 0.62% (95% CI = 0.016–3.42%). This parasite is a nematode of low distribution in areas of the coffee region. However, surveillance programmes that help control and reduce its transmission should be established.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135743642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebrospinalni likvor je bistra tekućina koja svojim sastavom nalikuje krvnoj plazmi; oplahuje cijeli središnji živčani sustav, osigurava njegovu normalnu funkciju i sudjeluje u mehaničkoj zaštiti mekih struktura središnjeg živčanog sustava. Osim toga, likvor djeluje kao „čistač“ središnjeg živčanog sustava jer uklanja nusproizvode sinaptičkog metabolizma, ali i štetne tvari. Premda su funkcije likvora brojne, mnoga pitanja o njegovom nastanku, kruženju i nestanku ostaju neodgovorena. Klasična hipoteza o fiziologiji likvora, poznata i kao „Weed–Dandy–Cushing hipoteza“, nastala je pred nešto više od 100 godina i ostaje duboko ukorijenjena u literaturi. Ovaj klasični koncept opisuje stvaranje likvora u koroidnim spletovima moždanih komora i resorpciju u arahnoidnim resicama, dok kruženje likvora opisuje kao jednosmjerno i naziva ga „trećom cirkulacijom“. Međutim, unatrag 30-ak godina, sve se više istraživača protivi klasičnoj teoriji o stvaranju i kruženju likvora i predlažu novu, potpuno drugačiju teoriju fiziologije likvora. Ovaj moderni koncept, u literaturi poznat i kao „Bulat ‒ Orešković ‒ Klarica hipoteza“, sugerira da se likvor stvara i apsorbira u svim dijelovima središnjeg živčanog sustava i giba se pod utjecajem pulzacije krvnih žila, a opisuje stvaranje i apsorpciju likvora kao kontinuirani proces izmjene vode, pri čemu ključnu ulogu imaju hidrostatski i osmotski tlakovi. Premda su potrebna dodatna istraživanja u svrhu utvrđivanja točnosti oba koncepta, vrijeme je da preispitamo klasično učenje da bismo mogli unaprijediti liječenje patoloških stanja u likvorskom sustavu.
{"title":"Neurofiziologija cerebrospinalnog likvora – što znamo nakon 100 godina njegova istraživanja?","authors":"Petra Dmitrović, Marija Mamić, Boris Pirkić","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebrospinalni likvor je bistra tekućina koja svojim sastavom nalikuje krvnoj plazmi; oplahuje cijeli središnji živčani sustav, osigurava njegovu normalnu funkciju i sudjeluje u mehaničkoj zaštiti mekih struktura središnjeg živčanog sustava. Osim toga, likvor djeluje kao „čistač“ središnjeg živčanog sustava jer uklanja nusproizvode sinaptičkog metabolizma, ali i štetne tvari. Premda su funkcije likvora brojne, mnoga pitanja o njegovom nastanku, kruženju i nestanku ostaju neodgovorena. Klasična hipoteza o fiziologiji likvora, poznata i kao „Weed–Dandy–Cushing hipoteza“, nastala je pred nešto više od 100 godina i ostaje duboko ukorijenjena u literaturi. Ovaj klasični koncept opisuje stvaranje likvora u koroidnim spletovima moždanih komora i resorpciju u arahnoidnim resicama, dok kruženje likvora opisuje kao jednosmjerno i naziva ga „trećom cirkulacijom“. Međutim, unatrag 30-ak godina, sve se više istraživača protivi klasičnoj teoriji o stvaranju i kruženju likvora i predlažu novu, potpuno drugačiju teoriju fiziologije likvora. Ovaj moderni koncept, u literaturi poznat i kao „Bulat ‒ Orešković ‒ Klarica hipoteza“, sugerira da se likvor stvara i apsorbira u svim dijelovima središnjeg živčanog sustava i giba se pod utjecajem pulzacije krvnih žila, a opisuje stvaranje i apsorpciju likvora kao kontinuirani proces izmjene vode, pri čemu ključnu ulogu imaju hidrostatski i osmotski tlakovi. Premda su potrebna dodatna istraživanja u svrhu utvrđivanja točnosti oba koncepta, vrijeme je da preispitamo klasično učenje da bismo mogli unaprijediti liječenje patoloških stanja u likvorskom sustavu.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135900627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivan Vlahek, Velimir Sušić, Aneta Piplica, Anamaria Ekert Kabalin, Sven Menčik, Maja Maurić Maljković
Prilikom planiranja istraživanja važno je pravilno odrediti potrebnu veličinu uzorka. Korištenje uzorka neadekvatne veličine može rezultirati gubitkom vremena, novca, ali i etičkim problemima. Ovisno o tipu istraživanja postoje različite metode za izračun veličineuzorka, a sve se temelje na četiri ključna čimbenika: razini statističke značajnosti, snazi statističkog testa, veličini učinka i varijabilnosti svojstva. Cilj je ovog rada znanstvenicima i stručnjacima iz područja veterine pojasniti osnovna načela izračuna veličine uzorka.
{"title":"Osnovna načela određivanja veličine uzoraka u veterinarskim istraživanjima","authors":"Ivan Vlahek, Velimir Sušić, Aneta Piplica, Anamaria Ekert Kabalin, Sven Menčik, Maja Maurić Maljković","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Prilikom planiranja istraživanja važno je pravilno odrediti potrebnu veličinu uzorka. Korištenje uzorka neadekvatne veličine može rezultirati gubitkom vremena, novca, ali i etičkim problemima. Ovisno o tipu istraživanja postoje različite metode za izračun veličineuzorka, a sve se temelje na četiri ključna čimbenika: razini statističke značajnosti, snazi statističkog testa, veličini učinka i varijabilnosti svojstva. Cilj je ovog rada znanstvenicima i stručnjacima iz područja veterine pojasniti osnovna načela izračuna veličine uzorka.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135900629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ratiba Baazizi, Nora Mimoune, Amina Chahed, Djamel Baroudi, Kenza Ramoul, Alia Simona Abdul-Hussain, Nassima Ait Issad, Djamel Khelef
Caseous lymphadenitis, also called abscess disease, is an infectious, cosmopolitan disease. The causative agent is a Gram-positive bacillus, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis that is resistant to antibiotic treatment. Humans become infected with this bacillus, but the disease is considered a neglected zoonosis. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to identify Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in sheep slaughtered in central Algeria. For this purpose, 897 animals were examined and samples (pus) were taken from 12 sheep with abscesses to perform bacteriological study. Sex, age, and location of the abscess were noted. The results obtained showed an overall prevalence of 1.33%. The highest rate (50%) was observed in animals aged between 8 months and 1 year. Males were more affected by abscesses (66.7%) than females (33.3%). As for localisation, 41% of abscesses were found in the pulmonary lymph nodes and 25% in the submandibular region. Infection by Corynebacterium was estimated at a rate of 25%, lower than that obtained for Staphylococcus (41.7%). Regarding the zoonotic nature of the disease, the bacteria’s ability to survive in the external environment, and the high risk of contamination, management measures should be implemented for better disease control and prevention.
{"title":"Prevalence and identification of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in slaughtered sheep in central Algeria","authors":"Ratiba Baazizi, Nora Mimoune, Amina Chahed, Djamel Baroudi, Kenza Ramoul, Alia Simona Abdul-Hussain, Nassima Ait Issad, Djamel Khelef","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Caseous lymphadenitis, also called abscess disease, is an infectious, cosmopolitan disease. The causative agent is a Gram-positive bacillus, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis that is resistant to antibiotic treatment. Humans become infected with this bacillus, but the disease is considered a neglected zoonosis. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to identify Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in sheep slaughtered in central Algeria. For this purpose, 897 animals were examined and samples (pus) were taken from 12 sheep with abscesses to perform bacteriological study. Sex, age, and location of the abscess were noted. The results obtained showed an overall prevalence of 1.33%. The highest rate (50%) was observed in animals aged between 8 months and 1 year. Males were more affected by abscesses (66.7%) than females (33.3%). As for localisation, 41% of abscesses were found in the pulmonary lymph nodes and 25% in the submandibular region. Infection by Corynebacterium was estimated at a rate of 25%, lower than that obtained for Staphylococcus (41.7%). Regarding the zoonotic nature of the disease, the bacteria’s ability to survive in the external environment, and the high risk of contamination, management measures should be implemented for better disease control and prevention.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135900634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbara Viljetić, Dario Dragun, I. Labak, T. Bogdanović, D. Jelić, M. Heffer, Mislav Kovačić, S. Blažetić
The Bosnian adder (Vipera berus bosniensis) and the horned viper (Vipera ammodytes) are two venomous snake species with different ecological preferences. The Bosnian adder occurs in a range of habitats and is endemic to the Balkan Peninsula, while the horned viper thrives in dry, rocky areas with little vegetation. The horned viper is best known for its highly venomous venom, making it the most dangerous of the European vipers. The aim of this study was to compare the expression and distribution of complex gangliosides and to identify migratoryzones in the brain of Bosnian adder and horned viper. Immunohistochemistry was performed using specific antibodies for the major brain gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b) and PSA NCAM and analysed in differentbrain regions. Both snake species showed expression of all four complex gangliosides with similar distribution patterns. GD1b was the most prominent ganglioside expressed in all brain structures, while GM1 showed varying distribution between the species. The strongest expression of PSA NCAM was observed in the periventricular zones of the telencephalon, suggesting that these areas are associated with neurogenesis, whereas other regions with lower expression may serve as migratory zones. In addition, it is important to note that the specific distribution of gangliosides and PSA NCAM may be influenced by factors such as brain region, developmental stage, and species-specific characteristics.
{"title":"Distribucija sialoglikokonjugata - gangliozida i PSA-NCAM u mozgu dviju zmija otrovnica","authors":"Barbara Viljetić, Dario Dragun, I. Labak, T. Bogdanović, D. Jelić, M. Heffer, Mislav Kovačić, S. Blažetić","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The Bosnian adder (Vipera berus bosniensis) and the horned viper (Vipera ammodytes) are two venomous snake species with different ecological preferences. The Bosnian adder occurs in a range of habitats and is endemic to the Balkan Peninsula, while the horned viper thrives in dry, rocky areas with little vegetation. The horned viper is best known for its highly venomous venom, making it the most dangerous of the European vipers. The aim of this study was to compare the expression and distribution of complex gangliosides and to identify migratoryzones in the brain of Bosnian adder and horned viper. Immunohistochemistry was performed using specific antibodies for the major brain gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b) and PSA NCAM and analysed in differentbrain regions. Both snake species showed expression of all four complex gangliosides with similar distribution patterns. GD1b was the most prominent ganglioside expressed in all brain structures, while GM1 showed varying distribution between the species. The strongest expression of PSA NCAM was observed in the periventricular zones of the telencephalon, suggesting that these areas are associated with neurogenesis, whereas other regions with lower expression may serve as migratory zones. In addition, it is important to note that the specific distribution of gangliosides and PSA NCAM may be influenced by factors such as brain region, developmental stage, and species-specific characteristics.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49189769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
3-dimensional printing, which appeared in the 1980s and has been constantly evolving since, is an innovative and very promising technology. It is a tool with wide-reaching applications in the field of osteology and anatomy and also in the world of education. Thanks to its qualities, it is possible to print entire anatomical parts in numerous copies. This experimental study examined the dimensions of 3-dimensional printing of the right femur of a sheep in comparison with its digital and printed models. A 3D scanner was used to design the digital model and a 3D printer to produce the scanned bone using polyamide (PA12) as the material. Nearly all the original anatomical features of biological bone were well resolved, except for the depth of the nourishing foramen. The measureddimensions of the 3D printed model and the digital model were compared to those of the original biological specimen, and showed no significant difference. Regarding the results obtained and the slight error of 1 mm, 3D printed models can be used as an aid inanatomy lessons and can serve as reliable alternatives to classical anatomical parts in the study of the veterinary anatomy. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the study on the use of 3-dimensional printing in veterinary medicine in Algeria.
{"title":"Komparativna studija kosti dobivene 3D printanjem i njezinog originalnog modela","authors":"Noufel Ouail Marouf, Nora Mimoune, Aymène Benchabane, Walid Cedra, Djamel Khelef, Rachid Kaidi","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"3-dimensional printing, which appeared in the 1980s and has been constantly evolving since, is an innovative and very promising technology. It is a tool with wide-reaching applications in the field of osteology and anatomy and also in the world of education. Thanks to its qualities, it is possible to print entire anatomical parts in numerous copies. This experimental study examined the dimensions of 3-dimensional printing of the right femur of a sheep in comparison with its digital and printed models. A 3D scanner was used to design the digital model and a 3D printer to produce the scanned bone using polyamide (PA12) as the material. Nearly all the original anatomical features of biological bone were well resolved, except for the depth of the nourishing foramen. The measureddimensions of the 3D printed model and the digital model were compared to those of the original biological specimen, and showed no significant difference. Regarding the results obtained and the slight error of 1 mm, 3D printed models can be used as an aid inanatomy lessons and can serve as reliable alternatives to classical anatomical parts in the study of the veterinary anatomy. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the study on the use of 3-dimensional printing in veterinary medicine in Algeria.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43624106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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