U današnjim uvjetima intenzivne proizvodnje od neobične je važnosti osigurati životinjama što prirodniji stajski okoliš u kojemu će njihove vitalne i proizvodne funkcije doći do punog izražaja. Da bi mliječne krave izrazile svoj puni proizvodni potencijal potrebno im je osigurati optimalan smještaj i ambijentalne uvjete. Njihov smještaj u stajama može biti vezani i slobodni i svaki od njih ima svoje prednosti i nedostatke. Bez obzira na način smještaja od velike je važnosti dimenzija ležišta i nasteljenost. Udoban i kvalitetan ležaj omogućuje kravama dugo vremensko razdoblje odmaranja i preživanja, što povoljno utječe na njihovo zdravlje i mliječnost. Osim toga, udoban ležaj preventiva je bolesti nogu (hromosti, laminitisa i sl.). Dobra mikroklima u objektu, uz ostale važne čimbenike, preduvjet je uspješnog uzgoja. Važni čimbenici mikroklime su temperaturno-vlažni odnosi, strujanje zraka, osvijetljenost i zračna onečišćenja od kojih su najvažniji sadržaj amonijaka, ugljičnog dioksida, prašine i mikroorganizama. Ukoliko smještaj i ambijentalne prilike nisu prikladni, mogu nastati razne ozljede (nagaz repova i vimena, lomova ekstremiteta, respiratornih i probavnih smetnji i neprihvatljivih oblika ponašanja poput frustracija i stereotipija). Zbog toga je potrebno mliječnim kravama osigurati uvjete za zadovoljavanje njihovih fizioloških i socijalnih potreba i činiti sve u skladu s onim što životinja osjeća. Dobrobit se može opisati kao veoma dobra, ako su životinje u dobroj formi i zdrave i ako se osjećaju dobro i da ne pate.
如今，大量生产不同寻常的动物对于确保其重要和生产功能充分发挥的自然栖息地环境至关重要。为了充分发挥其生产潜力，奶牛需要最佳的住所和环境条件。他们在房间里的住宿可以连接和免费，每个房间都有自己的优点和缺点。尽管有住宿方式，但基地和人口的规模非常重要。一张舒适优质的床可以让奶牛长时间休息和生存，这可能会影响它们的健康和产奶量。此外，一张舒适的预防床是足部疾病（染色体、椎板炎等）。一个好的显微镜和其他重要因素是成功的条件。Važničimbenici mikroklime su tempturno vlažni-odnosi，strujanje zraka，osvijetljenost i zračna onečišćenja od kojih su najvažniji sadržaj amonijaka，ugljičnog dioksida，prašine i mikrorganizima。如果住宿和环境机会不合适，可能会发生各种伤害（尾巴和静脉、四肢骨折、呼吸和测试障碍以及不适当的行为形式，如沮丧和刻板印象）。这就是为什么奶牛需要提供条件来满足它们的身体和社会需求，并根据自己的感受做任何事情。好可以被描述为非常好，如果动物身体健康，感觉良好，没有痛苦。
{"title":"Ponašanje i dobrobit mliječnih krava u suvremenoj stočarskoj proizvodnji","authors":"Marija Benić","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"U današnjim uvjetima intenzivne proizvodnje od neobične je važnosti osigurati životinjama što prirodniji stajski okoliš u kojemu će njihove vitalne i proizvodne funkcije doći do punog izražaja. Da bi mliječne krave izrazile svoj puni proizvodni potencijal potrebno im je osigurati optimalan smještaj i ambijentalne uvjete. Njihov smještaj u stajama može biti vezani i slobodni i svaki od njih ima svoje prednosti i nedostatke. Bez obzira na način smještaja od velike je važnosti dimenzija ležišta i nasteljenost. Udoban i kvalitetan ležaj omogućuje kravama dugo vremensko razdoblje odmaranja i preživanja, što povoljno utječe na njihovo zdravlje i mliječnost. Osim toga, udoban ležaj preventiva je bolesti nogu (hromosti, laminitisa i sl.). Dobra mikroklima u objektu, uz ostale važne čimbenike, preduvjet je uspješnog uzgoja. Važni čimbenici mikroklime su temperaturno-vlažni odnosi, strujanje zraka, osvijetljenost i zračna onečišćenja od kojih su najvažniji sadržaj amonijaka, ugljičnog dioksida, prašine i mikroorganizama. Ukoliko smještaj i ambijentalne prilike nisu prikladni, mogu nastati razne ozljede (nagaz repova i vimena, lomova ekstremiteta, respiratornih i probavnih smetnji i neprihvatljivih oblika ponašanja poput frustracija i stereotipija). Zbog toga je potrebno mliječnim kravama osigurati uvjete za zadovoljavanje njihovih fizioloških i socijalnih potreba i činiti sve u skladu s onim što životinja osjeća. Dobrobit se može opisati kao veoma dobra, ako su životinje u dobroj formi i zdrave i ako se osjećaju dobro i da ne pate.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42274672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antun Sačer, Ante Vidošević, Albert Trstenjak, Ivana Sabolek, Željko Pavičić, Kristina Matković, Mario Ostović
The paper summarises the importance of body language as the basis of communication between humans and horses. Understanding horse body language is crucial for successful communication. Horses in communication use their entire body from head to tail and will respond to even the smallest signs made by their human companions. Accordingly, humans should be aware of their body language and pay close attention to body language communication when working with horses. In this sense, there is also a need to increase research on equine welfare during human-horse interactions, assessing not only the negative but also their positive affective states.
{"title":"Govor tijela - ključ uspješne komunikacije između ljudi i konja","authors":"Antun Sačer, Ante Vidošević, Albert Trstenjak, Ivana Sabolek, Željko Pavičić, Kristina Matković, Mario Ostović","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The paper summarises the importance of body language as the basis of communication between humans and horses. Understanding horse body language is crucial for successful communication. Horses in communication use their entire body from head to tail and will respond to even the smallest signs made by their human companions. Accordingly, humans should be aware of their body language and pay close attention to body language communication when working with horses. In this sense, there is also a need to increase research on equine welfare during human-horse interactions, assessing not only the negative but also their positive affective states.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48630532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roman Mylosyvyi, Pavlo Skliarov, Olena Izhboldina, Оleksandr Chernenko, Мaryna Lieshchova, Bogdan Gutyj, Oleh Marenkov, Djallal Eddine Rahmoun
The identification of cows and heifers in heat and their timely artificial insemination (AI) is an important issue for large dairy units. The objective of the research was to study the efficiency of insemination of oestrous Brown Swiss heifers using am automated heat detection system (AHD) compared to heat detection by visual observation (VO). The AHD system application increased the fertility of heifers by 8.9% when using conventional semen (unsexed) and by 14.4% using sexed semen. The number of services per conception when using sexed semen decreased from 3.7±1.08 with VO to 2.4±0.68 with AHD. Two-factor analysis of variance showed that an 89% effect of managerial decisions such as the detection of heifers in heat by means of AHD and the use of sexed semen on the efficiency of insemination. This study showed that professional breeders and veterinarians should pay particular attention to AI management when making these managerial decisions in large dairy units.
{"title":"Učinkovitost sustava automatske detekcije tjeranja u junica smeđeg goveda kada se rabi seksirano sjeme na velikoj farmi mliječnih goveda","authors":"Roman Mylosyvyi, Pavlo Skliarov, Olena Izhboldina, Оleksandr Chernenko, Мaryna Lieshchova, Bogdan Gutyj, Oleh Marenkov, Djallal Eddine Rahmoun","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of cows and heifers in heat and their timely artificial insemination (AI) is an important issue for large dairy units. The objective of the research was to study the efficiency of insemination of oestrous Brown Swiss heifers using am automated heat detection system (AHD) compared to heat detection by visual observation (VO). The AHD system application increased the fertility of heifers by 8.9% when using conventional semen (unsexed) and by 14.4% using sexed semen. The number of services per conception when using sexed semen decreased from 3.7±1.08 with VO to 2.4±0.68 with AHD. Two-factor analysis of variance showed that an 89% effect of managerial decisions such as the detection of heifers in heat by means of AHD and the use of sexed semen on the efficiency of insemination. This study showed that professional breeders and veterinarians should pay particular attention to AI management when making these managerial decisions in large dairy units.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43402348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nina Kudumija, Ana Vulić, Tina Lešić, Lidija Dergestin Bačun, Zrinka Dugonjić Odak, J. Pleadin
Sorbinska kiselina i njezine soli, kalijev i kalcijev sorbat prehrambeni su aditivi, odnosno konzervansi s antimikrobnim djelovanjem koji inhibicijski djeluju na plijesni i kvasce, ali i na neke bakterije. Sorbinska kiselina, zbog navedenih svojstava, ima široku primjenu uprehrambenoj industriji, a naročito za konzerviranje mliječnih proizvoda, slastičarskih i pekarskih proizvoda, majoneza, namaza, suhog voća, vina te za površinsku obradu prerađenih mesnih proizvoda. Mehanizan antimikrobnog djelovanja sorbata još nije u potpunosti istražen. Preporučeni dnevni unos sorbinske kiseline iznosi 25 mg/kg tjelesne mase te se smatra najmanje tosičnim konzervansom, iako u kombinaciji s drugim aditivima može stvarati spojeve štetne za zdravlje. Kako bi se utvrdilo moguće prekoračenja najveće dopuštene količine (NDK) sorbinske kiseline u proizvodima životinjskog podrijetla, tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja (2018. - 2022.) s hrvatskog tržišta prikupljeno je i analizirano 725 uzoraka, od čega 445 uzoraka mliječnih proizvoda i 280 uzoraka mesnih proizvoda. Od ukupnog broja uzoraka, sorbinska kiselina detektirana je u 37 uzoraka. Količina sorbinske kiseline u mesnim proizvodima kretala se u rasponu 6-73 mg/kg te u mliječnim proizvodima 6-797 mg/kg. U niti jednom od analiziranih uzoraka nije određena količina ovog aditiva veća od NDK definirane zakonodavstvom. Međutim, u cilju zaštite zdravlja potrošača nužna je daljnja sustavna kontrola ovog prehrambenih aditiva.
{"title":"Sorbic acid – an additive with antimicrobial action in foods of animal origin","authors":"Nina Kudumija, Ana Vulić, Tina Lešić, Lidija Dergestin Bačun, Zrinka Dugonjić Odak, J. Pleadin","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Sorbinska kiselina i njezine soli, kalijev i kalcijev sorbat prehrambeni su aditivi, odnosno konzervansi s antimikrobnim djelovanjem koji inhibicijski djeluju na plijesni i kvasce, ali i na neke bakterije. Sorbinska kiselina, zbog navedenih svojstava, ima široku primjenu uprehrambenoj industriji, a naročito za konzerviranje mliječnih proizvoda, slastičarskih i pekarskih proizvoda, majoneza, namaza, suhog voća, vina te za površinsku obradu prerađenih mesnih proizvoda. Mehanizan antimikrobnog djelovanja sorbata još nije u potpunosti istražen. Preporučeni dnevni unos sorbinske kiseline iznosi 25 mg/kg tjelesne mase te se smatra najmanje tosičnim konzervansom, iako u kombinaciji s drugim aditivima može stvarati spojeve štetne za zdravlje. Kako bi se utvrdilo moguće prekoračenja najveće dopuštene količine (NDK) sorbinske kiseline u proizvodima životinjskog podrijetla, tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja (2018. - 2022.) s hrvatskog tržišta prikupljeno je i analizirano 725 uzoraka, od čega 445 uzoraka mliječnih proizvoda i 280 uzoraka mesnih proizvoda. Od ukupnog broja uzoraka, sorbinska kiselina detektirana je u 37 uzoraka. Količina sorbinske kiseline u mesnim proizvodima kretala se u rasponu 6-73 mg/kg te u mliječnim proizvodima 6-797 mg/kg. U niti jednom od analiziranih uzoraka nije određena količina ovog aditiva veća od NDK definirane zakonodavstvom. Međutim, u cilju zaštite zdravlja potrošača nužna je daljnja sustavna kontrola ovog prehrambenih aditiva.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46227077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Pokhyl, Lyudmila Mykolaichuk, O. Pokhyl, Roman Pavlenko, S. Shemet
The study presented some haematological parameters and production characteristics of novel crossbred Romanov × Hissar and purebred Romanov sheep. A number of biochemical and haematological tests were performed to assess the level of adaptation of F1 crossbred progeny to local rearing conditions and evaluate its potential economic benefits for industrial production. The newly created crossbreed demonstrated significant increase in carcass production characteristics, with pre-slaughter weight increased by 29.2%, slaughter weight - by 39.7%, cooled carcass weight - by 40.5% and total yield ‒ by 8.2% compared to Romanov purebreed. The meat quality was also increased: fat content remained at the same level (6.6-6.8%), carcasses of F1 crossbreed lambs had higher relative weight of muscle tissue (78.8% vs. 73.3%), increased content of the 1st grade meat (94.6% vs. 91.6%), and higher caloric value of the meat (by 8.7%) compared to the parent purebreeds. An increased erythrocyte (by 3.1%) and leukocyte (by 6.45%) count was noted in the F1 rams. Haemoglobin level in F1 lambs was increased by 4.2%. Protein metabolism parameters were improved: blood serum total protein level ‒ by 11.2%, albumin ‒ by 11.4%, globulin ‒ by 10.4%, suggesting intensified protein metabolism in F1 lambs; this was also evidenced by the increased activities of aspartate transaminase (by 3.9%) and alanine transaminase (by 16.6%) in F1 lambs over Romanov purebred animals. Blood serum of crossbred lambs had higher bactericidal (by 1.92%), lysozyme (by 3.53%), and phagocytic activity. The increased haematological and biochemical parameters and enhanced antibacterial properties of serum indicate the enhanced metabolic activity in F1 crossbreed sheep and underlay the improved meat production parameters. Obtained results demonstrate increased adaptation of the novel crossbred to industrial rearing conditions and local microclimate of steppe zone of Ukraine, which is undergoing gradual aridization.
{"title":"Haematological parameters and production characteristics of novel Romanov × Hissar crossbred sheep adapted to European steppe climate","authors":"V. Pokhyl, Lyudmila Mykolaichuk, O. Pokhyl, Roman Pavlenko, S. Shemet","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study presented some haematological parameters and production characteristics of novel crossbred Romanov × Hissar and purebred Romanov sheep. A number of biochemical and haematological tests were performed to assess the level of adaptation of F1 crossbred progeny to local rearing conditions and evaluate its potential economic benefits for industrial production. The newly created crossbreed demonstrated significant increase in carcass production characteristics, with pre-slaughter weight increased by 29.2%, slaughter weight - by 39.7%, cooled carcass weight - by 40.5% and total yield ‒ by 8.2% compared to Romanov purebreed. The meat quality was also increased: fat content remained at the same level (6.6-6.8%), carcasses of F1 crossbreed lambs had higher relative weight of muscle tissue (78.8% vs. 73.3%), increased content of the 1st grade meat (94.6% vs. 91.6%), and higher caloric value of the meat (by 8.7%) compared to the parent purebreeds. An increased erythrocyte (by 3.1%) and leukocyte (by 6.45%) count was noted in the F1 rams. Haemoglobin level in F1 lambs was increased by 4.2%. Protein metabolism parameters were improved: blood serum total protein level ‒ by 11.2%, albumin ‒ by 11.4%, globulin ‒ by 10.4%, suggesting intensified protein metabolism in F1 lambs; this was also evidenced by the increased activities of aspartate transaminase (by 3.9%) and alanine transaminase (by 16.6%) in F1 lambs over Romanov purebred animals. Blood serum of crossbred lambs had higher bactericidal (by 1.92%), lysozyme (by 3.53%), and phagocytic activity. The increased haematological and biochemical parameters and enhanced antibacterial properties of serum indicate the enhanced metabolic activity in F1 crossbreed sheep and underlay the improved meat production parameters. Obtained results demonstrate increased adaptation of the novel crossbred to industrial rearing conditions and local microclimate of steppe zone of Ukraine, which is undergoing gradual aridization.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44238496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Jota Baptista, P. Oliveira, J. M. Gonzalo-Orden, Gilberto Fernandes, F. Seixas
The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is a wild ungulate and game species with a broad distribution in Portugal. In Idanha-a-Nova (Castelo Branco) there is a particular interest in studying these populations due to the importance of the hunting industry to the regional economy, and the recognised role of ungulates as reservoirs of infectious agents to livestock and humans. This histopathology survey aimed to compare deer lesions from Idanha-a-Nova (n=16) and Lousã (n=4). Samples from the lung, liver and kidney of animals were collected during the hunting season. The results reveal a high prevalenceof parasitic bronchitis (13/20; 65%), especially in Idanha-a-Nova (11/16; 68.8%). Moreover, many animals presented non-purulent nephritis (8/20; 40%). No statistically significant differences were found between regions or genders for any lesion. This survey provides an overview of the health status of the red deer populations in these regions. Further studies are crucial to better know the sanitary situation of these populations and under the One Health perspective, to apply protective measures for animal, hunter and consumer health.
{"title":"Histopathology lesions in red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Idanha-a-Nova and Lousã (Portugal): preliminary results","authors":"C. Jota Baptista, P. Oliveira, J. M. Gonzalo-Orden, Gilberto Fernandes, F. Seixas","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is a wild ungulate and game species with a broad distribution in Portugal. In Idanha-a-Nova (Castelo Branco) there is a particular interest in studying these populations due to the importance of the hunting industry to the regional economy, and the recognised role of ungulates as reservoirs of infectious agents to livestock and humans. This histopathology survey aimed to compare deer lesions from Idanha-a-Nova (n=16) and Lousã (n=4). Samples from the lung, liver and kidney of animals were collected during the hunting season. The results reveal a high prevalenceof parasitic bronchitis (13/20; 65%), especially in Idanha-a-Nova (11/16; 68.8%). Moreover, many animals presented non-purulent nephritis (8/20; 40%). No statistically significant differences were found between regions or genders for any lesion. This survey provides an overview of the health status of the red deer populations in these regions. Further studies are crucial to better know the sanitary situation of these populations and under the One Health perspective, to apply protective measures for animal, hunter and consumer health.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70502000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuela Matos, Sérgio João, Ana Cristina Matos, Luís Figueira, Luís Cardoso, Maria de Lurdes Pinto, Ana Cláudia Coelho
Nocardiosis is an emerging zoonosis caused by Nocardia spp. bacteria. The disease is linked to infections in immunocompromised individuals, and is potentially lethal when it turns systemic and is left untreated. The development of reliable and valid diagnostic methods is crucial to the identification of these pathogenic agents, particularly in wild mammals, which are potential reservoirs. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular prevalence of Nocardia spp. in wild mammals in Portugal. A sample of 114 wild mammals belonging to the orders Canidae, Cervidae, Erinaceidae, Herpestidae, Leporidae, Mustelidae, Viverridae, and Suidae were studied. Tissue samples (n=206) were collected from different organs. The molecular prevalence of Nocardia in wild mammals was 55.3% (95% CI: 45.7-64.6%). Nocardia spp. were detected in nine of ten species studied: 83.3% (95% CI: 62.2-100%) in Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon), 63.2% (95% CI: 41.5-89.9%) in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), 45.9% (95% CI: 29.8-62.0%) in red deer (Cervus elaphus), 44.4% (95% CI: 28.2-60.6%) in wild boar (Sus scrofa), 3/3 beech martens (Martes foina), 2/2 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra), 1/1 European badger (Meles meles), 1/1 genet (Genetta genetta), and 1/2 hedgehog (Erinaceus europeaeus). Of the 206 tissue samples studied by molecular techniques, Nocardia spp. were detected in 37.4% (95% CI: 36.7-38.1%), with a predominance in mesenteric lymph nodes (13.1%; 95% CI: 12.4-13.9%) and kidneys (9.2%; 95% CI: 8.5-9.9%). These results provide new insight into the prevalence of Nocardia in wild mammals and highlight the need for surveillance of wildlife as a potential reservoir of these emergent pathogens.
{"title":"Molekularni probir Nocardia spp. u divljih sisavaca - presječna studija","authors":"Manuela Matos, Sérgio João, Ana Cristina Matos, Luís Figueira, Luís Cardoso, Maria de Lurdes Pinto, Ana Cláudia Coelho","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Nocardiosis is an emerging zoonosis caused by Nocardia spp. bacteria. The disease is linked to infections in immunocompromised individuals, and is potentially lethal when it turns systemic and is left untreated. The development of reliable and valid diagnostic methods is crucial to the identification of these pathogenic agents, particularly in wild mammals, which are potential reservoirs. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular prevalence of Nocardia spp. in wild mammals in Portugal. A sample of 114 wild mammals belonging to the orders Canidae, Cervidae, Erinaceidae, Herpestidae, Leporidae, Mustelidae, Viverridae, and Suidae were studied. Tissue samples (n=206) were collected from different organs. The molecular prevalence of Nocardia in wild mammals was 55.3% (95% CI: 45.7-64.6%). Nocardia spp. were detected in nine of ten species studied: 83.3% (95% CI: 62.2-100%) in Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon), 63.2% (95% CI: 41.5-89.9%) in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), 45.9% (95% CI: 29.8-62.0%) in red deer (Cervus elaphus), 44.4% (95% CI: 28.2-60.6%) in wild boar (Sus scrofa), 3/3 beech martens (Martes foina), 2/2 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra), 1/1 European badger (Meles meles), 1/1 genet (Genetta genetta), and 1/2 hedgehog (Erinaceus europeaeus). Of the 206 tissue samples studied by molecular techniques, Nocardia spp. were detected in 37.4% (95% CI: 36.7-38.1%), with a predominance in mesenteric lymph nodes (13.1%; 95% CI: 12.4-13.9%) and kidneys (9.2%; 95% CI: 8.5-9.9%). These results provide new insight into the prevalence of Nocardia in wild mammals and highlight the need for surveillance of wildlife as a potential reservoir of these emergent pathogens.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48455362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Various types of phytobiotics have been recently used in poultry production systems to avoid the development of drug resistance and tissue residues. One such phytobiotic is holy basil or tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), an aromatic plant with multiple therapeutic functions. The powder or extract of tulsi is rich in essential oils and organic acids, which have positive effects on the physiological functions. It has been extensively used in medicine to treat many health issues. Moreover, in poultry industry, dietary tulsi has been recommended for the enhancement of general health conditions with promising results. Enrichment of broilers diets with tulsi improved the growth rate, carcass characteristics, and gut health, relived stress, and modulated the immune response and some biochemical blood parameters. This review article presents in details the different influences of dietary tulsi on these parameters in broilers.
{"title":"Utjecaj fitobiotičkog svetog bosiljka (Ocimum sanctum) na proizvodnju i zdravlje tovnih pilića","authors":"Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Various types of phytobiotics have been recently used in poultry production systems to avoid the development of drug resistance and tissue residues. One such phytobiotic is holy basil or tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), an aromatic plant with multiple therapeutic functions. The powder or extract of tulsi is rich in essential oils and organic acids, which have positive effects on the physiological functions. It has been extensively used in medicine to treat many health issues. Moreover, in poultry industry, dietary tulsi has been recommended for the enhancement of general health conditions with promising results. Enrichment of broilers diets with tulsi improved the growth rate, carcass characteristics, and gut health, relived stress, and modulated the immune response and some biochemical blood parameters. This review article presents in details the different influences of dietary tulsi on these parameters in broilers.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42570058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Piršlin, Šimun Naletilić, M. Hohšteter, Valentina Kunić, N. Krešić, Nenad Turk, I. Lojkić, L. Jemeršić, D. Brnić
Pseća je herpesviroza globalno prisutna virusna zarazna bolest prouzročena psećim herpesvirusom 1 (Canid alphaherpesvirus-1; CHV). Infekcija ovim virusom ima dvije faze: litičku i latentnu. Sam ishod infekcije uvelike ovisi o dobi i razvijenosti imunološkog sustava psa. Najznačajnija patološka posljedica pseće herpesviroze je liza endotelnih stanica i epitelnih stanica više organskih sustava koja se pojavljuje u imunodeficijentnih štenaca. Zbog pantropizma CHV-a, posljedica infekcije je nekrohemoragična upala mnogobrojnih organa zbog koje štenci nerijetko i ugibaju. U imunokompetentnih starijih pasa, iako često asimptomatska, litička infekcija može biti i smrtonosna. Klinički simptomi uključuju infekcije dišnog i spolnog sustava i očiju. Najčešće prisutna lezija očiju je konjunktivitis, ali mogu se pojaviti i ulceracije, petehijalna krvarenja i eksudativni blefaritis s krustama i alopecijom. Utjecaj CHV-a na respiratorni sustav rezultira blagim rinitisom, faringitisom i traheobronhitisom, iznimno pneumonijom. CHV se često povezuje i sa zaraznim traheobronhitisom u pasa, tzv. ‘’kašaljem štenare’’. Infekcija spolnog sustava ograničena je na hiperemiju vagine ili prepucija s hiperplastičnim limfoidnim folikulima te papulovezikularnim lezijama, ali se smatra najvažnijim izvorom infekcije za štenad pri porođaju. Prestankom kliničkih simptoma CHV prelazi u fazu latencije u živčanim ganglijima te se na taj način trajno zadržava u domaćinu. Prilikom stresa i imunosupresije latentni se CHV virus može reaktivirati i uspostaviti litičku fazu. Time se virus ponovno počinje replicirati i izlučivati, a oboljeli pas se mora isključiti iz uzgoja jer predstavlja izvor daljnjeg širenja virusa. Ipak, primjenom cjepiva u gravidnih kuja moguće je zaštititi novorođenu štenad te spriječiti teške posljedice herpesviroze u pasa.
{"title":"Pathology of canine herpesvirus infection","authors":"Marina Piršlin, Šimun Naletilić, M. Hohšteter, Valentina Kunić, N. Krešić, Nenad Turk, I. Lojkić, L. Jemeršić, D. Brnić","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Pseća je herpesviroza globalno prisutna virusna zarazna bolest prouzročena psećim herpesvirusom 1 (Canid alphaherpesvirus-1; CHV). Infekcija ovim virusom ima dvije faze: litičku i latentnu. Sam ishod infekcije uvelike ovisi o dobi i razvijenosti imunološkog sustava psa. Najznačajnija patološka posljedica pseće herpesviroze je liza endotelnih stanica i epitelnih stanica više organskih sustava koja se pojavljuje u imunodeficijentnih štenaca. Zbog pantropizma CHV-a, posljedica infekcije je nekrohemoragična upala mnogobrojnih organa zbog koje štenci nerijetko i ugibaju. U imunokompetentnih starijih pasa, iako često asimptomatska, litička infekcija može biti i smrtonosna. Klinički simptomi uključuju infekcije dišnog i spolnog sustava i očiju. Najčešće prisutna lezija očiju je konjunktivitis, ali mogu se pojaviti i ulceracije, petehijalna krvarenja i eksudativni blefaritis s krustama i alopecijom. Utjecaj CHV-a na respiratorni sustav rezultira blagim rinitisom, faringitisom i traheobronhitisom, iznimno pneumonijom. CHV se često povezuje i sa zaraznim traheobronhitisom u pasa, tzv. ‘’kašaljem štenare’’. Infekcija spolnog sustava ograničena je na hiperemiju vagine ili prepucija s hiperplastičnim limfoidnim folikulima te papulovezikularnim lezijama, ali se smatra najvažnijim izvorom infekcije za štenad pri porođaju. Prestankom kliničkih simptoma CHV prelazi u fazu latencije u živčanim ganglijima te se na taj način trajno zadržava u domaćinu. Prilikom stresa i imunosupresije latentni se CHV virus može reaktivirati i uspostaviti litičku fazu. Time se virus ponovno počinje replicirati i izlučivati, a oboljeli pas se mora isključiti iz uzgoja jer predstavlja izvor daljnjeg širenja virusa. Ipak, primjenom cjepiva u gravidnih kuja moguće je zaštititi novorođenu štenad te spriječiti teške posljedice herpesviroze u pasa.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46769259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Furmeg, K. Markov, Ž. Cvetnić, M. Benič, Vesna Jaki Tkalec
Jedan od vodećih mikroorganizama koji uzrokuje bakterijsko trovanje hranom su bakterije roda Campylobacter koje prouzroče kampilobakteriozu, zoonozu koja je od 2005. godine najčešće prijavljivana bolest uzrokovana hranom u Europskoj Uniji te kao takva predstavlja javno-zdravstveni problem. Najprisutnijim izvorom ovog patogena smatra se pileće meso s obzirom da su kampilobakteri uobičajeni komenzali u probavnom sustavu peradi. S obzirom da se nalaze u crijevima peradi, osim prilikom procesa klanja i obrade mesa, velika mogućnost kontaminacije javlja se u kasnijim fazama proizvodnje kao što su: čupanje perja, evisceracija, pranje, pohranjivanje i hlađenje te kontaminacija putem ruku radnika, opreme ili same okoline, a pretpostavlja se da upravo koža peradi predstavlja glavni izvor ovog patogena. U ovom je radu određivan broj bakterija Campylobacter spp. u uzorcima kože vratova tovnih pilića, pilećih prsa bez kože, pilećih krilaca i pilećih bataka ‒ zabataka. Za određivanje broja kolonija korištena je standardna metoda za određivanje broja Campylobacter spp. prema ISO normiranoj metodi HRN EN ISO 10272 – 2:2017.
导致细菌性食物中毒的主要微生物之一是弯曲杆菌的出生细菌，它会导致氧化弯曲杆菌，从2005年开始人畜共患。欧盟一年中最常报告的由食物引起的疾病是公共卫生问题。这种病原体最重要的来源是鸡肉被认为是穿孔系统中常见的彗星。考虑到它们在羽毛的内脏中，除了在肉类的屠宰和加工过程中，在生产的后期阶段，如：清理羽毛、疏散、清洗、储存和冷却，以及工人、设备或环境本身的污染，都有可能受到污染，并且假设羽毛的皮肤是这种病原体的主要来源。弯曲杆菌属。为了确定菌落数量，根据ISO标准方法HRN EN ISO 10272–2:2017，使用了弯曲杆菌数量的标准方法。
{"title":"Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in neck skins and fresh chicken meat as a leading cause of bacterial food poisoning","authors":"S. Furmeg, K. Markov, Ž. Cvetnić, M. Benič, Vesna Jaki Tkalec","doi":"10.46419/vs.55.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Jedan od vodećih mikroorganizama koji uzrokuje bakterijsko trovanje hranom su bakterije roda Campylobacter koje prouzroče kampilobakteriozu, zoonozu koja je od 2005. godine najčešće prijavljivana bolest uzrokovana hranom u Europskoj Uniji te kao takva predstavlja javno-zdravstveni problem. Najprisutnijim izvorom ovog patogena smatra se pileće meso s obzirom da su kampilobakteri uobičajeni komenzali u probavnom sustavu peradi. S obzirom da se nalaze u crijevima peradi, osim prilikom procesa klanja i obrade mesa, velika mogućnost kontaminacije javlja se u kasnijim fazama proizvodnje kao što su: čupanje perja, evisceracija, pranje, pohranjivanje i hlađenje te kontaminacija putem ruku radnika, opreme ili same okoline, a pretpostavlja se da upravo koža peradi predstavlja glavni izvor ovog patogena. U ovom je radu određivan broj bakterija Campylobacter spp. u uzorcima kože vratova tovnih pilića, pilećih prsa bez kože, pilećih krilaca i pilećih bataka ‒ zabataka. Za određivanje broja kolonija korištena je standardna metoda za određivanje broja Campylobacter spp. prema ISO normiranoj metodi HRN EN ISO 10272 – 2:2017.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44163760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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