Pub Date : 2020-07-09DOI: 10.20944/preprints202007.0198.v1
A. Haraux
A close inspection of Zwicky's seminal papers on the dynamics of galaxy clusters reveals that the discrepancy discovered between the dynamical mass and the luminous mass of clusters has been widely overestimated in 1933 as a consequence of several factors, among which the excessive value of the Hubble constant $H_0$, then believed to be about seven times higher than today's average estimate. Taking account, in addition, of our present knowledge of classical dark matter inside galaxies, the contradiction can be reduced by a large factor. To explain the rather small remaining discrepancy of the order of 5, instead of appealing to a hypothetic exotic dark matter, the possibility of a inhomogeneous gravity is suggested. This is consistent with the ``cosmic tapestry" found in the eighties by De Lapparent and her co-authors, showing that the cosmos is highly inhomogeneous at large scale. A possible foundation for inhomogeneous gravitation is the universally discredited ancient theory of Fatio de Duillier and Lesage on pushing gravity, possibly revised to avoid the main criticisms which led to its oblivion. This model incidentally opens the window towards a completely non-standard representation of cosmos, and more basically calls to develop fundamental investigation to find the origin of the large scale inhomogeneity in the distribution of luminous matter
{"title":"About Dark Matter and Gravitation","authors":"A. Haraux","doi":"10.20944/preprints202007.0198.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202007.0198.v1","url":null,"abstract":"A close inspection of Zwicky's seminal papers on the dynamics of galaxy clusters reveals that the discrepancy discovered between the dynamical mass and the luminous mass of clusters has been widely overestimated in 1933 as a consequence of several factors, among which the excessive value of the Hubble constant $H_0$, then believed to be about seven times higher than today's average estimate. Taking account, in addition, of our present knowledge of classical dark matter inside galaxies, the contradiction can be reduced by a large factor. To explain the rather small remaining discrepancy of the order of 5, instead of appealing to a hypothetic exotic dark matter, the possibility of a inhomogeneous gravity is suggested. This is consistent with the ``cosmic tapestry\" found in the eighties by De Lapparent and her co-authors, showing that the cosmos is highly inhomogeneous at large scale. A possible foundation for inhomogeneous gravitation is the universally discredited ancient theory of Fatio de Duillier and Lesage on pushing gravity, possibly revised to avoid the main criticisms which led to its oblivion. This model incidentally opens the window towards a completely non-standard representation of cosmos, and more basically calls to develop fundamental investigation to find the origin of the large scale inhomogeneity in the distribution of luminous matter","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86520339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solutions of unified theory equations of gravity and electromagnetism satisfy Einstein Maxwe ll equation. Hence, solutions of the unified theory is Reissner Nordstrom solution , Kerr Newman solution in vacuum. In this careful point, Einstein gravity field equation’s energy momentum tensor has two sign. Therefore, according to the solution, the sign is treated. We found in revised Einstein gravity tensor equation , the condition is satisf ied by 2 order contravariant metric tensor two times product and Gauss symbol.
{"title":"Gauss Symbol and Unified Theory of Gravity and Electromagnetic Field in Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr-Newman Solution","authors":"Sangwha Yi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3666408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3666408","url":null,"abstract":"Solutions of unified theory equations of gravity and electromagnetism satisfy Einstein Maxwe ll equation. Hence, solutions of the unified theory is Reissner Nordstrom solution , Kerr Newman solution in vacuum. In this careful point, Einstein gravity field equation’s energy momentum tensor has two sign. Therefore, according to the solution, the sign is treated. We found in revised Einstein gravity tensor equation , the condition is satisf ied by 2 order contravariant metric tensor two times product and Gauss symbol.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87661018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nature of fusion energy research & development is characterized by a dozen axioms and their corollaries covering predicted vs actual performance of experimental devices, consumption of electric power and tritium, and the promotion of the R&D enterprise to the public. Explanations of these axioms show that the course of fusion R&D is as strongly influenced by behavioral science as by scientific and technological developments.
{"title":"TWELVE AXIOMS OF FUSION ENERGY R&D","authors":"D. Jassby","doi":"10.31224/osf.io/mhytu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31224/osf.io/mhytu","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of fusion energy research & development is characterized by a dozen axioms and their corollaries covering predicted vs actual performance of experimental devices, consumption of electric power and tritium, and the promotion of the R&D enterprise to the public. Explanations of these axioms show that the course of fusion R&D is as strongly influenced by behavioral science as by scientific and technological developments.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82905628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. The strong CP violation problem is one of these issues: QCD predicts CP violation, yet no CP violation has ever been observed involving the strong interaction (when it occurs, it is for the weak interaction). In this paper we show that when adding gravity to the Standard Model, in a multi-fold universe, gravity allows the mass of the up quark to be smaller (close to, or equal to zero). This symmetry, or quasi symmetry, is a way to eliminate the CP violation contributions in QCD, therefore resolving the problem. It argues for evolving the Standard Model to add gravity, if non negligible at very small scales. No New Physics are introduced as new particles, which could also explain why axions have never been observed, and we may have to remove them as candidates to explain dark matter.
{"title":"Strong CP Violation Tamed in The Presence of Gravity","authors":"Stephane H Maes","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/6jw34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/6jw34","url":null,"abstract":"In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. The strong CP violation problem is one of these issues: QCD predicts CP violation, yet no CP violation has ever been observed involving the strong interaction (when it occurs, it is for the weak interaction). In this paper we show that when adding gravity to the Standard Model, in a multi-fold universe, gravity allows the mass of the up quark to be smaller (close to, or equal to zero). This symmetry, or quasi symmetry, is a way to eliminate the CP violation contributions in QCD, therefore resolving the problem. It argues for evolving the Standard Model to add gravity, if non negligible at very small scales. No New Physics are introduced as new particles, which could also explain why axions have never been observed, and we may have to remove them as candidates to explain dark matter.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91331810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. Since the work of Coleman, it is known that vacuum may be false in the universe with truer vacuum reachable by quantum tunneling. With the discovery and analysis of the Higgs boson, it has been estimated that, with the mass of the Higgs boson, our universe is right on the stable side, but the edge of instability; playing the fire, or rather the risk of a bubble of nothing erasing everything in the universe. In this paper we show that by adding non-negligible gravity to the standard model, the universe can move further away from the brink of instability; a reassuring thought. This satisfying result help us further argue for systematically considering adding gravity to the Standard Model.
{"title":"Gravity Stabilizes Electroweak Vacuum – No Bubble of Nothing to Worry About!","authors":"Stephane H Maes","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/d59nu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/d59nu","url":null,"abstract":"In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. Since the work of Coleman, it is known that vacuum may be false in the universe with truer vacuum reachable by quantum tunneling. With the discovery and analysis of the Higgs boson, it has been estimated that, with the mass of the Higgs boson, our universe is right on the stable side, but the edge of instability; playing the fire, or rather the risk of a bubble of nothing erasing everything in the universe. In this paper we show that by adding non-negligible gravity to the standard model, the universe can move further away from the brink of instability; a reassuring thought. This satisfying result help us further argue for systematically considering adding gravity to the Standard Model.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86611356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.20944/preprints202110.0453.v1
Sergey V. Shevchenko, V. Tokarevsky
This article is the review of results that were obtained at 2007-2021 years development of “The Information as Absolute” concept and the informational physical model, which is based on the concept; including a number of fundamental physical problems are briefly considered in framework of the conception and the model. Recently in physics there are several publications, that present lists of the problems. However, those lists are essentially incomplete, for at least two reasons. Firsts of all, a number of phenomena are studied traditionally by philosophy, and so corresponding problems are usually considered to be “metaphysical”. However, they relate also to some concrete physical phenomena. For example, physics evidently studies Matter, and so the metaphysical problems “what is ontology of Matter”, “what is “Space”, “Time” and a few other physical phenomena and notions as well, are really a Meta-physical problem “what does physics study?” There are other fundamental physical problems, which are not considered as such in physics, and are absent in the “fundamental problems lists”. Those include the problems, which really exist, yet are incorporated into standard physical theories, and so are fundamental “implicitly”, which in physics are “solved by default”. Note, though, that a number of “Meta-physical”, and concrete fundamental, problems in detail are considered in the paper “The Informational Conception and Basic Physics”, arXiv:0707.4657, v5 (2021), so in this paper some selected common physical problems are considered, and, besides, the problems “What is Life” and “Cosmology”.
{"title":"The Informational Physical Model and Fundamental Problems in Physics","authors":"Sergey V. Shevchenko, V. Tokarevsky","doi":"10.20944/preprints202110.0453.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202110.0453.v1","url":null,"abstract":"This article is the review of results that were obtained at 2007-2021 years development of “The Information as Absolute” concept and the informational physical model, which is based on the concept; including a number of fundamental physical problems are briefly considered in framework of the conception and the model. Recently in physics there are several publications, that present lists of the problems. However, those lists are essentially incomplete, for at least two reasons. Firsts of all, a number of phenomena are studied traditionally by philosophy, and so corresponding problems are usually considered to be “metaphysical”. However, they relate also to some concrete physical phenomena. For example, physics evidently studies Matter, and so the metaphysical problems “what is ontology of Matter”, “what is “Space”, “Time” and a few other physical phenomena and notions as well, are really a Meta-physical problem “what does physics study?” There are other fundamental physical problems, which are not considered as such in physics, and are absent in the “fundamental problems lists”. Those include the problems, which really exist, yet are incorporated into standard physical theories, and so are fundamental “implicitly”, which in physics are “solved by default”. Note, though, that a number of “Meta-physical”, and concrete fundamental, problems in detail are considered in the paper “The Informational Conception and Basic Physics”, arXiv:0707.4657, v5 (2021), so in this paper some selected common physical problems are considered, and, besides, the problems “What is Life” and “Cosmology”.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73352289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crusted scabies sometimes would be seriously hard to treat. The treatment, through application of chemical pesticides and medicinal creams, comes with a large amount of side effects. These side effects could be much worse in infants and also in pregnant women. Moreover toxins may cause cancer in people. People need safer medicine that they use without being concerned about the side effects. Bio-pesticides from the farming industry attack the farming parasites. And there could be some bacteria which can do a same thing about human parasites. Recent studies shows, there are several types of bacteria that attack and kill parasites from inside out. It might also one day be used in "human treatments" for roundworm. Recent advancements in electron microscopy, microbiology, and genetical engineering is developed a reliable path towards manufacturing biological pesticids. These pesticides would help us as anti-scabies drugs. We would call them bio-scabiside drugs. "Chryseobacterium nematophagum" effectively kills a wide range of important nematode parasites. Some challenges are ahead in the way, unless we make a cream that kills the humankind scabies too. But this bio-cream would be a healthy alternative for the people.
{"title":"New Perspectives in Treatment of Human Scabies: Biological Pesticids Could Be a Completely Safe Alternative of Chemical Pesticides and Medicinal Creams","authors":"P. Ghasemi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3650449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3650449","url":null,"abstract":"Crusted scabies sometimes would be seriously hard to treat. The treatment, through application of chemical pesticides and medicinal creams, comes with a large amount of side effects. These side effects could be much worse in infants and also in pregnant women. Moreover toxins may cause cancer in people. People need safer medicine that they use without being concerned about the side effects. Bio-pesticides from the farming industry attack the farming parasites. And there could be some bacteria which can do a same thing about human parasites. Recent studies shows, there are several types of bacteria that attack and kill parasites from inside out. It might also one day be used in \"human treatments\" for roundworm. Recent advancements in electron microscopy, microbiology, and genetical engineering is developed a reliable path towards manufacturing biological pesticids. These pesticides would help us as anti-scabies drugs. We would call them bio-scabiside drugs. \"Chryseobacterium nematophagum\" effectively kills a wide range of important nematode parasites. Some challenges are ahead in the way, unless we make a cream that kills the humankind scabies too. But this bio-cream would be a healthy alternative for the people.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85970178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we present the clockwise-algorithm that solves the extension in k-dimensions of the infamous nine-dot problem, the well known two-dimensional thinking outside the box puzzle. We describe a general strategy that constructively produces minimum length covering trails, for any k∈N−{0}, solving the NP-complete (3×3×⋯×3)-points problem inside a 3×3×⋯×3 hypercube. In particular, using our algorithm, we explicitly draw different covering trails of minimal length h(k) = (3^k − 1)/2, for k = 3, 4, 5. Furthermore, we conjecture that, for every k ≥ 1, it is possible to solve the 3^k-points problem with h(k) lines starting from any of the 3^k nodes, except from the central one. Finally, we cover 3×3×3 points with a tree of size 12.
{"title":"SOLVING THE 106 YEARS OLD 3^k POINTS PROBLEM WITH THE CLOCKWISE-ALGORITHM","authors":"Marco Ripà","doi":"10.14710/jfma.v3i2.8551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jfma.v3i2.8551","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the clockwise-algorithm that solves the extension in k-dimensions of the infamous nine-dot problem, the well known two-dimensional thinking outside the box puzzle. We describe a general strategy that constructively produces minimum length covering trails, for any k∈N−{0}, solving the NP-complete (3×3×⋯×3)-points problem inside a 3×3×⋯×3 hypercube. In particular, using our algorithm, we explicitly draw different covering trails of minimal length h(k) = (3^k − 1)/2, for k = 3, 4, 5. Furthermore, we conjecture that, for every k ≥ 1, it is possible to solve the 3^k-points problem with h(k) lines starting from any of the 3^k nodes, except from the central one. Finally, we cover 3×3×3 points with a tree of size 12.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85182896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. It has always been intriguing to explain why there seems to be only 3 generations of Fermions, for each family, including neutrinos. In this paper, we show that there are only 3 regimes defined in the Standard Model Lagrangian complemented with gravity, when it comes to the contribution of fermion masses interacting with Higgs bosons. As a result, differentiations of mass implies only 3 generations. It is another surprising result, from adding non-negligible gravity to the Standard model. While shown in the context of a multi-fold universe, the result can be extended to any model where gravity is not negligible at small scales.
{"title":"Gravity Dictates the Number of Fermion Generations: 3","authors":"Stephane H Maes","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/h7x2m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/h7x2m","url":null,"abstract":"In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. It has always been intriguing to explain why there seems to be only 3 generations of Fermions, for each family, including neutrinos. In this paper, we show that there are only 3 regimes defined in the Standard Model Lagrangian complemented with gravity, when it comes to the contribution of fermion masses interacting with Higgs bosons. As a result, differentiations of mass implies only 3 generations. It is another surprising result, from adding non-negligible gravity to the Standard model. While shown in the context of a multi-fold universe, the result can be extended to any model where gravity is not negligible at small scales.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87498851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. In particular with chirality flips of fermion induced by gravity, right-handed neutrinos (and left-handed anti-neutrinos) can appear in flight and now acquire mass when encountering Higgs bosons; two mysteries can be explained in one shot in a multi-fold universe.
{"title":"Right-handed neutrinos? Mass? Ask Gravity","authors":"Stephane H Maes","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/ancpy","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/ancpy","url":null,"abstract":"In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. In particular with chirality flips of fermion induced by gravity, right-handed neutrinos (and left-handed anti-neutrinos) can appear in flight and now acquire mass when encountering Higgs bosons; two mysteries can be explained in one shot in a multi-fold universe.","PeriodicalId":23650,"journal":{"name":"viXra","volume":"71 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77452380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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