Jéssica Martins, Eliezer Fares Abdala Neto, J. P. Ribeiro, A. Lima, F. W. Sousa, A. G. Oliveira, C. Vidal, R. Nascimento
Textile effluents are complex, making it difficult to choose an effective treatment. The textile effluent toxicity in Lactuca sativa after pulsed current (PC) electrocoagulation (EC) was evaluated in this study. The EC was performed using 304 stainless steel electrodes in batch mode. Parameters monitored included pH, temperature, color, and turbidity. Additionally, the process residue was subjected to energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XFR) to determine the elements present. The process achieved proportional color and turbidity removal ranging from 97 to 99% and from 74 to 85%, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen removal were 81 and 49%, respectively, in a 50 min time-lapse. The process generated approximately 1.7 kg of solid residue/m3 treated effluent. The XFR results revealed the presence, mainly, of Fe, Cr, and Ni ions in the residue, as well as chlorine. The germination index (GI) and relative growth values showed that EC reduced effluent toxicity slightly, indicating the need for complementary treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation of the toxicity of textile effluent treated by electrocoagulation","authors":"Jéssica Martins, Eliezer Fares Abdala Neto, J. P. Ribeiro, A. Lima, F. W. Sousa, A. G. Oliveira, C. Vidal, R. Nascimento","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.049","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Textile effluents are complex, making it difficult to choose an effective treatment. The textile effluent toxicity in Lactuca sativa after pulsed current (PC) electrocoagulation (EC) was evaluated in this study. The EC was performed using 304 stainless steel electrodes in batch mode. Parameters monitored included pH, temperature, color, and turbidity. Additionally, the process residue was subjected to energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XFR) to determine the elements present. The process achieved proportional color and turbidity removal ranging from 97 to 99% and from 74 to 85%, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen removal were 81 and 49%, respectively, in a 50 min time-lapse. The process generated approximately 1.7 kg of solid residue/m3 treated effluent. The XFR results revealed the presence, mainly, of Fe, Cr, and Ni ions in the residue, as well as chlorine. The germination index (GI) and relative growth values showed that EC reduced effluent toxicity slightly, indicating the need for complementary treatment.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47847852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although both urban and rural residents benefit from drinking enough high-quality water in the right amounts, the degree of contamination from artificial sources has been increasing. The study aims to assess the quality and availability of groundwater potential in Bahir Dar City using geographic information systems (GIS)-based ordinary kriging (OK) and analytical hierarchy process methods, respectively. The concentrations of pH, alkalinity, Escherichia coli, nitrite manganese, and iron in the groundwater of built-up areas were found to exceed the limits set by the World Health Organization. The groundwater quality distribution contained 69.6% of good water, 19.6% of the excellent class, and 10.8% of the poor class. The high potential of groundwater, particularly in the Lake Tana shoreline sedimentation areas, revealed the poor quality class. The results suggest that improving groundwater quality should be prioritized in areas with high potential groundwater availability.
{"title":"Characterizing groundwater quality for a safe supply of water using WQI and GIS in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Although both urban and rural residents benefit from drinking enough high-quality water in the right amounts, the degree of contamination from artificial sources has been increasing. The study aims to assess the quality and availability of groundwater potential in Bahir Dar City using geographic information systems (GIS)-based ordinary kriging (OK) and analytical hierarchy process methods, respectively. The concentrations of pH, alkalinity, Escherichia coli, nitrite manganese, and iron in the groundwater of built-up areas were found to exceed the limits set by the World Health Organization. The groundwater quality distribution contained 69.6% of good water, 19.6% of the excellent class, and 10.8% of the poor class. The high potential of groundwater, particularly in the Lake Tana shoreline sedimentation areas, revealed the poor quality class. The results suggest that improving groundwater quality should be prioritized in areas with high potential groundwater availability.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41887201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biofiltration holds one of the most promising options for removing environmental pollutants from water by reducing inorganic matter, and nutrient concentrations and removing pathogens. This study evaluates the performance of six large field-scale biofiltration cells and assesses the risk of reusing this treated water for irrigating food gardens. The study took place at an abandoned wastewater treatment work (WWTW) in Franschhoek, South Africa. A batch operation was used to measure physical water properties and nutrient concentrations. Large stone cells performed best in reducing ammonia nitrogen (NH3) and orthophosphate (PO43-) by 98 and 95%, respectively, however, an overall increase in nitrate (NO3-) and nitrites (NO2-) was also observed in these and other cells. Phytoremediation made a marginal contribution to reducing contamination. The extent to which biofiltration can be used to clean and reuse contaminated surface water runoff from an informal settlement to safely reuse the water for irrigation purposes is poorly understood. Laboratory analyses revealed that the water quality from four successive harvests broadly met South African guidelines for irrigation and compared favourably with the quality of vegetables from local supermarkets.
{"title":"Treating and reusing polluted runoff from an informal settlement, South Africa","authors":"K. Winter, S. Mgese, Emily Nicklin, Kalpana Maraj","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Biofiltration holds one of the most promising options for removing environmental pollutants from water by reducing inorganic matter, and nutrient concentrations and removing pathogens. This study evaluates the performance of six large field-scale biofiltration cells and assesses the risk of reusing this treated water for irrigating food gardens. The study took place at an abandoned wastewater treatment work (WWTW) in Franschhoek, South Africa. A batch operation was used to measure physical water properties and nutrient concentrations. Large stone cells performed best in reducing ammonia nitrogen (NH3) and orthophosphate (PO43-) by 98 and 95%, respectively, however, an overall increase in nitrate (NO3-) and nitrites (NO2-) was also observed in these and other cells. Phytoremediation made a marginal contribution to reducing contamination. The extent to which biofiltration can be used to clean and reuse contaminated surface water runoff from an informal settlement to safely reuse the water for irrigation purposes is poorly understood. Laboratory analyses revealed that the water quality from four successive harvests broadly met South African guidelines for irrigation and compared favourably with the quality of vegetables from local supermarkets.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41694357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Floods are recurrent phenomena with significant environmental and socio-economic impacts. The risk of flooding can increase when land use changes. The objective of this research has been to obtain an integrative methodology based on the development of a model in HEC-HMS, calibrated and validated from events between 2018 and 2022, and to apply simulations employing the use of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) tools. This model has been applied in Verdugo-Oitavén River Basin (NW Spain). Three different scenarios propose (1) the reforestation of 30% of abandoned agricultural land across the basin, (2) reforestation upstream (S-Upstream), and (3) reforestation in two sub-basins (S-Downstream). Upstream afforestation provided a similar reduction to catchment-wide afforestation for both peak discharge and hydrograph volumes. The S-Upstream simulation reaches peak reductions of 8%, but this percentage decreases when precipitation events are long lasting, reaching a reduction of 3.3% for events of 5 days or more. On the other hand, downstream reforestation has minimal effect (1%) in reducing maximum discharge of events. The use of NbS-based strategies would improve integrated watershed management, reduce flood risk, and improve environmental governance.
{"title":"Evaluation of nature-based solutions for flood risk management in the Oitavén-Verdugo River Basin (NW Spain)","authors":"Carolina Acuña Alonso, Lucia Martínez Portabales, Enrique Valero, X. Álvarez","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Floods are recurrent phenomena with significant environmental and socio-economic impacts. The risk of flooding can increase when land use changes. The objective of this research has been to obtain an integrative methodology based on the development of a model in HEC-HMS, calibrated and validated from events between 2018 and 2022, and to apply simulations employing the use of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) tools. This model has been applied in Verdugo-Oitavén River Basin (NW Spain). Three different scenarios propose (1) the reforestation of 30% of abandoned agricultural land across the basin, (2) reforestation upstream (S-Upstream), and (3) reforestation in two sub-basins (S-Downstream). Upstream afforestation provided a similar reduction to catchment-wide afforestation for both peak discharge and hydrograph volumes. The S-Upstream simulation reaches peak reductions of 8%, but this percentage decreases when precipitation events are long lasting, reaching a reduction of 3.3% for events of 5 days or more. On the other hand, downstream reforestation has minimal effect (1%) in reducing maximum discharge of events. The use of NbS-based strategies would improve integrated watershed management, reduce flood risk, and improve environmental governance.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44969418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In uniform flows, Manning's roughness coefficient n plays an important role in the calculation of the normal depth in the open channels. When calculating uniform flows in open conduits and channels, Manning's coefficient is arbitrarily chosen. This arbitrary choice is not physically justified because the coefficient n must be determined according to the parameters that influence the flow, particularly the normal depth sought. In this paper, a new method is presented to compute Manning's coefficient in a truncated triangular channel section. In the first step, the study proposes to establish the general relationship that allows computing Manning's coefficient in this type of channel. The relationship is presented in dimensionless terms, giving it a character of general validity, including the dimensionless Manning's resistance coefficient, denoted as N. The latter is shown to depend on the aspect ratio of the wetted area, the side slope of the channel, the relative roughness and the modified Reynolds number, which is physically justified since flow resistance is closely related to flow depth. In the second step, the rough model method is proposed to express Manning's coefficient when the horizontal dimension of the channel is not a given data of the problem.
{"title":"Manning's roughness coefficient in a truncated triangular open-channel flow section","authors":"Sehtal Sabah, Achour Bachir","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In uniform flows, Manning's roughness coefficient n plays an important role in the calculation of the normal depth in the open channels. When calculating uniform flows in open conduits and channels, Manning's coefficient is arbitrarily chosen. This arbitrary choice is not physically justified because the coefficient n must be determined according to the parameters that influence the flow, particularly the normal depth sought. In this paper, a new method is presented to compute Manning's coefficient in a truncated triangular channel section. In the first step, the study proposes to establish the general relationship that allows computing Manning's coefficient in this type of channel. The relationship is presented in dimensionless terms, giving it a character of general validity, including the dimensionless Manning's resistance coefficient, denoted as N. The latter is shown to depend on the aspect ratio of the wetted area, the side slope of the channel, the relative roughness and the modified Reynolds number, which is physically justified since flow resistance is closely related to flow depth. In the second step, the rough model method is proposed to express Manning's coefficient when the horizontal dimension of the channel is not a given data of the problem.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45823656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Treatment of harmful chemicals using materials at our disposal is the way forward to be. This study presents the activation of waste banana peels and the investigation of the bio-adsorption potential for dye removal from an aqueous solution. The banana peel was activated both thermally and chemically by a preliminary study of a 0.5–2.5 M of sulfuric acid concentration, and 50–90 °C of temperature for 1–5 h of activation time. Activation at 1.5 M of acid concentration, at 70 °C for 3 h showed a promising efficacy of about 90% of dye removal. The activated banana peel was characterized by proximate analysis, BET, TGA, SEM, XRD, and FTIR. BET results showed activated banana peels to be porous materials with a surface area of 302 m2/g. The capacity of the adsorbent with different variable ranges (adsorption time 20–140 min, pH 1.0–7.0, adsorbent dose 1–4 g/L and initial dye concentration 20–80 mg/L) was conducted based on a preliminary study. The adsorption process was optimized numerically and the results were the following: adsorption time of 60 min, pH 3, adsorbent dose of 2 g/L and an initial dye concentration of 40 mg/L. In the adsorption study, the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model were the best fit to describe the adsorption process.
{"title":"Synthesis of activated carbon from banana peels for dye removal of an aqueous solution in textile industries: optimization, kinetics, and isotherm aspects","authors":"Talbachew Tadesse Nadew, Mestawot Keana, Tsegaye Sisay, Belay Getye","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Treatment of harmful chemicals using materials at our disposal is the way forward to be. This study presents the activation of waste banana peels and the investigation of the bio-adsorption potential for dye removal from an aqueous solution. The banana peel was activated both thermally and chemically by a preliminary study of a 0.5–2.5 M of sulfuric acid concentration, and 50–90 °C of temperature for 1–5 h of activation time. Activation at 1.5 M of acid concentration, at 70 °C for 3 h showed a promising efficacy of about 90% of dye removal. The activated banana peel was characterized by proximate analysis, BET, TGA, SEM, XRD, and FTIR. BET results showed activated banana peels to be porous materials with a surface area of 302 m2/g. The capacity of the adsorbent with different variable ranges (adsorption time 20–140 min, pH 1.0–7.0, adsorbent dose 1–4 g/L and initial dye concentration 20–80 mg/L) was conducted based on a preliminary study. The adsorption process was optimized numerically and the results were the following: adsorption time of 60 min, pH 3, adsorbent dose of 2 g/L and an initial dye concentration of 40 mg/L. In the adsorption study, the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model were the best fit to describe the adsorption process.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46058988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juhi Puthukulangara Jaison, Joseph Kadanthottu Sebastian
Textile effluents being one of the major reasons for water pollution raises major concern for water bodies and the habitation surrounding them. The lack of biologically safer treatment solutions creates a major concern for the disposal of these effluents. The present study focuses on the degradation of textile dyes using leaf extract of Artemisia stelleriana-assisted nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs). Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) synthesized were confirmed using spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction and microscopic analysis. The current research utilizes widely used major textile dyes, Reactive Yellow-145 (RY-145), Reactive Red-120 (RR-120), Reactive Blue-220 (RB-220) and Reactive Blue-222A (RB-222A), which are released accidentally or due to the non-availability of cost-efficient, dependable and environment-friendly degradation methods, making this work a much-needed one for preventing the discharge before treatment. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs were top-notch catalysts for the reduction of these dyes, which is witnessed by a gradual decrease in absorbance maximum values. After 320 min, ZnO-NPs under UV light exposure showed 99, 95, 94 and 45% degradations of RY-145, RR-120, RB-220 and RB-222A dyes, respectively. The phytotoxicity study conducted at two trophic levels revealed that the A. stellariana-mediated ZnO-NPs have great potential for the degradation of textile dyes, allowing them to be scaled up to large-scale treatments.
{"title":"Artemisia stelleriana-mediated ZnO nanoparticles for textile dye treatment: a green and sustainable approach","authors":"Juhi Puthukulangara Jaison, Joseph Kadanthottu Sebastian","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Textile effluents being one of the major reasons for water pollution raises major concern for water bodies and the habitation surrounding them. The lack of biologically safer treatment solutions creates a major concern for the disposal of these effluents. The present study focuses on the degradation of textile dyes using leaf extract of Artemisia stelleriana-assisted nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs). Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) synthesized were confirmed using spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction and microscopic analysis. The current research utilizes widely used major textile dyes, Reactive Yellow-145 (RY-145), Reactive Red-120 (RR-120), Reactive Blue-220 (RB-220) and Reactive Blue-222A (RB-222A), which are released accidentally or due to the non-availability of cost-efficient, dependable and environment-friendly degradation methods, making this work a much-needed one for preventing the discharge before treatment. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs were top-notch catalysts for the reduction of these dyes, which is witnessed by a gradual decrease in absorbance maximum values. After 320 min, ZnO-NPs under UV light exposure showed 99, 95, 94 and 45% degradations of RY-145, RR-120, RB-220 and RB-222A dyes, respectively. The phytotoxicity study conducted at two trophic levels revealed that the A. stellariana-mediated ZnO-NPs have great potential for the degradation of textile dyes, allowing them to be scaled up to large-scale treatments.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41929143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dimethyl aminoethyl azide (DMAZ) is a liquid fuel in the space industry. Although this fuel is non-carcinogenic, its wastewater suffers from some hazardous pollutants, such as sodium azide (NaN3). A hybrid process of coagulation–flocculation and chemical reaction with nitrous acid was applied for the wastewater treatment. The Taguchi method was used for the process optimization. Coagulant concentration, rapid mixing intensity, duration time, CAMP number and settlement time were found to be effective parameters for the efficiency of the former process. Turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) of the wastewater were used to track the removal efficiency in the first stage. The complete removal efficiency was achieved. In the latter process, NaN3 was removed using a reaction with nitrous acid. pH of the wastewater was optimized as the controlling factor in the second process. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NaN3 removals of 98.9, 98.2 and 96.3% were obtained under the optimum conditions, respectively. As a result, a reduction of 91.9% in turbidity, 98.5% in TSS, 98.5% in BOD, 98.1% in COD and 96.7% in NaN3 concentration were observed in the output of the wastewater.
{"title":"Assessment of a hybrid technology for liquid fuel dimethyl aminoethyl azide wastewater treatment","authors":"Mohadeseh Aqaei, S. Pakdehi","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Dimethyl aminoethyl azide (DMAZ) is a liquid fuel in the space industry. Although this fuel is non-carcinogenic, its wastewater suffers from some hazardous pollutants, such as sodium azide (NaN3). A hybrid process of coagulation–flocculation and chemical reaction with nitrous acid was applied for the wastewater treatment. The Taguchi method was used for the process optimization. Coagulant concentration, rapid mixing intensity, duration time, CAMP number and settlement time were found to be effective parameters for the efficiency of the former process. Turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) of the wastewater were used to track the removal efficiency in the first stage. The complete removal efficiency was achieved. In the latter process, NaN3 was removed using a reaction with nitrous acid. pH of the wastewater was optimized as the controlling factor in the second process. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NaN3 removals of 98.9, 98.2 and 96.3% were obtained under the optimum conditions, respectively. As a result, a reduction of 91.9% in turbidity, 98.5% in TSS, 98.5% in BOD, 98.1% in COD and 96.7% in NaN3 concentration were observed in the output of the wastewater.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47348305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nilabhra Auddy, A. Rai, S. Chatterjee, K. Pobi, S. Dutta, S. Nayek
This study aims to analyse the spatio-temporal trends in water quality, trophic state, and organic contamination of an alpine lake in the Darjeeling Himalaya through field investigations and to portray a comprehensive picture using multivariate analysis. Analysed water parameters have shown notable seasonal variations and were within the acceptable range for inland surface water. Water quality index (WQI) and organic pollution index (OPI) values have displayed ‘poor’ to ‘heavily polluted’ status in the pre-monsoon season, with marginally better conditions during the post-monsoon studies. Trophic state indices (TSIs) values revealed ‘eutrophic to highly eutrophic’ conditions during the investigation period. The results of the PCA have depicted three major determining factors (i.e., anthropogenic contribution, geogenic or weathering, and seasonal/climatic factors) that control the overall pollution level in the lake water system. The current study can potentially be a benchmark for assessing and undertaking management and restoration measures for this nascent alpine ecosystem.
{"title":"Trophic classification and assessment of lake health using indexing approach and geostatistical methods for sustainable management of water resources","authors":"Nilabhra Auddy, A. Rai, S. Chatterjee, K. Pobi, S. Dutta, S. Nayek","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aims to analyse the spatio-temporal trends in water quality, trophic state, and organic contamination of an alpine lake in the Darjeeling Himalaya through field investigations and to portray a comprehensive picture using multivariate analysis. Analysed water parameters have shown notable seasonal variations and were within the acceptable range for inland surface water. Water quality index (WQI) and organic pollution index (OPI) values have displayed ‘poor’ to ‘heavily polluted’ status in the pre-monsoon season, with marginally better conditions during the post-monsoon studies. Trophic state indices (TSIs) values revealed ‘eutrophic to highly eutrophic’ conditions during the investigation period. The results of the PCA have depicted three major determining factors (i.e., anthropogenic contribution, geogenic or weathering, and seasonal/climatic factors) that control the overall pollution level in the lake water system. The current study can potentially be a benchmark for assessing and undertaking management and restoration measures for this nascent alpine ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44298151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marwa Elghoul, Mouna Bouassida, D. Ghribi, Mnif Inès
Aiming at the potential application of lipopeptide biosurfactant (BioS) in bioremediation, we studied its production by a novel, isolated strain of Bacillus sp. MI27. Using the experimental design methodology, a sucrose-based medium composed of 2% sucrose, 0.27% Na2HPO4, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.02% NaCl, 0.02% CaCl2, 0.02% MgSO4, 0.001% MnSO4, 0.06% KH2PO4, 0.005% FeSO4 and 0.005% ZnSO4 was optimized. With this composition, strain MI27 produces 1.4 g/L with maximum surface tension (ST) reduction of 23 mN/m and a dispersion diameter of around 10 cm. Emulsifying and foaming activities have been also confirmed. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of about 120 mg/L with a maximal decrease of ST of 23 mN/m with a maximum dispersion and an emulsification index (EI) of about 12 cm and 45% at 1,000 mg/L. Moreover, the foaming capacity is about 80% at 1,000 mg/L stable over 1 h of incubation. Additionally, we studied the effect of different values of pH, temperature and salinities on MI27 BioS activity and stability. Obtained results showed interesting surface activities at extreme physicochemical conditions, especially at acidic and alkaline pH values, high and low temperatures and higher salinities. All these characteristics enable the possible application of BioS in water treatment biotechnology under diverse environmental conditions.
{"title":"A new bacterial-derived biosurfactant for biotechnological applications in the oil industry: production, optimization, biosurfactant functional and physicochemical characterization","authors":"Marwa Elghoul, Mouna Bouassida, D. Ghribi, Mnif Inès","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aiming at the potential application of lipopeptide biosurfactant (BioS) in bioremediation, we studied its production by a novel, isolated strain of Bacillus sp. MI27. Using the experimental design methodology, a sucrose-based medium composed of 2% sucrose, 0.27% Na2HPO4, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.02% NaCl, 0.02% CaCl2, 0.02% MgSO4, 0.001% MnSO4, 0.06% KH2PO4, 0.005% FeSO4 and 0.005% ZnSO4 was optimized. With this composition, strain MI27 produces 1.4 g/L with maximum surface tension (ST) reduction of 23 mN/m and a dispersion diameter of around 10 cm. Emulsifying and foaming activities have been also confirmed. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of about 120 mg/L with a maximal decrease of ST of 23 mN/m with a maximum dispersion and an emulsification index (EI) of about 12 cm and 45% at 1,000 mg/L. Moreover, the foaming capacity is about 80% at 1,000 mg/L stable over 1 h of incubation. Additionally, we studied the effect of different values of pH, temperature and salinities on MI27 BioS activity and stability. Obtained results showed interesting surface activities at extreme physicochemical conditions, especially at acidic and alkaline pH values, high and low temperatures and higher salinities. All these characteristics enable the possible application of BioS in water treatment biotechnology under diverse environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43144001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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