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Turbulent flow mechanisms in meandering channels with sediment transport 含泥沙输运的曲流河道湍流机制
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.035
S. Sahoo, Anurag Sharma
This research aims to investigate the near-bed turbulent flow characteristics in a meandering channel with both mobile bed and immobile bed conditions. Experiments were performed in a prismatic rectangular meandering channel with a non-uniform sand bed of size d50 = 0.523mm. The three-dimensional instantaneous fluid velocity was collected using the Acoustic Doppler velocimeter which will provide important results related to the flow turbulence such as mean flow velocity, turbulence intensity, Reynolds shear stress, turbulent kinetic energy, skewness, kurtosis and turbulent anisotropy. The secondary current flow and the exchange of momentum in the form of turbulence kinetic energy, Reynolds shear stress and turbulent intensity at the inner layer of the flow are identified more in a mobile bed condition as compared to an immobile condition, which causes sediment transport. For the inner layer of the flow, turbulence intensity and turbulent kinetic energy are decreased in magnitude and gradually increase in the outer layer of flow for both the bed conditions. Higher turbulence anisotropy is noticed in the mobile bed condition than in the immobile bed condition, which shows more nonuniformities near the bed level for the mobile bed condition. This study may help in understanding the effect of sediment transport due to a turbulent flow structure in a sinuous alluvial channel.
本研究旨在研究在流动床和固定床条件下弯曲河道中的近床湍流特性。实验在尺寸为d50=0.523mm的非均匀沙床的棱柱形矩形弯曲通道中进行。使用声学多普勒测速仪收集三维瞬时流体速度,该测速仪将提供与流动湍流相关的重要结果,如平均流速、湍流强度、雷诺剪切应力、湍流动能,偏度、峰度和湍流各向异性。与不动条件相比,流动床条件下的二次流和湍流动能形式的动量交换、雷诺剪切应力和流动内层的湍流强度更容易识别,而不动条件会导致沉积物迁移。对于流动的内层,在两种床层条件下,湍流强度和湍流动能的大小都会降低,而在流动的外层则会逐渐增加。流动床条件下的湍流各向异性比固定床条件下更高,这表明流动床条件在床面附近有更多的不均匀性。这项研究可能有助于理解弯曲冲积河道中湍流结构对泥沙输移的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of water quality in the upper and lower catchments of the Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡Kelani河流域上下游流域水质评价
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.034
Chandima J Narangoda, Deeptha Amarathunga, C. Dangalle
Kelani River is the principal consumable water source for 80% of the population in the Colombo district and an important ecosystem complex for the freshwater fish biota of Sri Lanka. However, it is the most polluted river in the country. The present study was conducted to determine the water quality parameters and pollution of the upper and lower catchments of the river and select the most suitable parameters for predicting the pollution of each catchment. Thirteen locations of each catchment were selected for the study, and 14 water quality parameters were recorded by standard techniques. Measurements were compared with the standard values permissible for drinking purposes and aquatic life and subjected to principal component analysis. The study revealed that the most polluted catchment of the Kelani River was the lower catchment, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and water pH were selected as the most suitable parameters to predict the pollution levels of the lower catchment. The nitrate concentration and COD were selected as the most suitable water quality parameters to predict the pollution of the upper catchment. The present study indicates an accelerating trend in water pollution of the Kelani River when compared with studies conducted two decades ago.
Kelani河是科伦坡地区80%人口的主要饮用水源,也是斯里兰卡淡水鱼类生物群的重要生态系统复合体。然而,它是这个国家污染最严重的河流。本研究旨在确定河流上下游集水区的水质参数和污染,并选择最适合预测每个集水区污染的参数。每个集水区选择了13个地点进行研究,并通过标准技术记录了14个水质参数。将测量值与饮用目的和水生生物允许的标准值进行比较,并进行主成分分析。研究表明,克拉尼河污染最严重的流域是下游流域,选择化学需氧量(COD)和水pH值作为预测下游流域污染水平的最合适参数。选择硝酸盐浓度和COD作为最适合预测上游流域污染的水质参数。本研究表明,与20年前的研究相比,克拉尼河的水污染呈加速趋势。
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引用次数: 1
Hydraulic characterization of the Adamawa-Cameroon aquifer using inverse slope method 用反斜率法研究Adamawa-Cameroon含水层的水力特性
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.033
J. Asfahani, Z. Aretouyap, N. George
Fifty vertical electrical soundings were carried out in the Adamawa region of Cameroon. The interpretation was done using inverse slope method (ISM) and curve matching methods. The aim was to employ the applicability and suitability of the ISM in deciphering the vertical electrical sounding (VES) data for groundwater and hydrogeophysical purposes in the Pan-African aquifers. The ISM can be used to interpret VES data collected with any electrodes array. The results obtained by the ISM geo-electrical interpretation correlate/agree well with the available lithological logs used in constraining the interpretation. The resistivity values obtained through this method are in the range of 20–900 Ω m with a mean of 241 Ω m and a standard deviation of 228 Ω m. The aquifer thickness is in the range of 2–90 m, with an average of 33 m and a standard deviation of 21 m. Resistivity, thickness and depth of the Pan-African aquifer in the Adamawa region, Central Africa have been determined and characterized using both the ISM and an integrated protocol of interpolation technique. The ISM can therefore be recommended for the interpretation of VES measurements in the similar Pan-African context worldwide.
在喀麦隆阿达马瓦地区进行了50次垂直电测深。利用逆斜率法(ISM)和曲线拟合法进行解释。其目的是利用ISM的适用性和适宜性来破译泛非含水层地下水和水文地球物理目的的垂直电测深数据。ISM可用于解释任何电极阵列采集的VES数据。ISM地电解释得到的结果与用于约束解释的现有岩性测井相吻合。该方法获得的电阻率值范围为20 ~ 900 Ω m,平均值为241 Ω m,标准差为228 Ω m。含水层厚度范围为2 ~ 90 m,平均值为33 m,标准差为21 m。利用ISM和插值技术的综合方案,对中非Adamawa地区泛非含水层的电阻率、厚度和深度进行了测定和表征。因此,在全世界类似的泛非背景下,可以推荐ISM来解释地壳运动测量。
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引用次数: 2
Variations of residual trihalomethane concentration in pipe-borne water during different in-house practices 不同室内实践中管道水中残余三卤甲烷浓度的变化
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.032
Nepali Jayasinghe, Dilini Chandima Herath, Lalith Indranath Weerasekara, Sujithra Kaushalya Weragoda, Gayan Darshana Amarasooriya
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different in-house practices on trihalomethane (THM) level fluctuations in pipe-borne water. Common in-house practices such as boiling, unboiling, boiling water with headspace/non-headspace, storage vessels materials, storage practices, and storage time were investigated to study residual THM and their percentage. Vessels made of plastic (P), clay (C), stainless steel (SS), glass (G), and aluminium (Al) were used for the study. Prime trihalomethanes of CHCl3, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl, CHBr3, and total of those four THMs (TTHMs) were measured, and removal/formation percentages were calculated. Results revealed that the percent change of TTHM varies based on the boiling practice as follows: open boiling TTHM > close boiling with headspace TTHM > close boiling without headspace (CBWH) TTHM. The following order was observed for residual TTHM for 6 h storage in the vessels; for CBWH water storage in open vessels C < G < P < SS < Al and close vessels C < G < P < SS < Al; and for un-boiled water storage in open vessels SS < C < Al < P < G and close vessels C < P < Al < SS < G. In conclusion, the lowest concentration of residual TTHM was found in the boiled water stored in a clay pot and recommended as an in-house practice to reduce TTHM.
本研究旨在探讨不同的室内操作对管道水中三卤甲烷(THM)水平波动的影响。调查了常见的内部操作,如煮沸、未煮沸、沸水顶空/非顶空、存储容器材料、存储操作和存储时间,以研究残余THM及其百分比。研究中使用了塑料(P)、粘土(C)、不锈钢(SS)、玻璃(G)和铝(Al)制成的容器。测定CHCl3、CHBrCl2、CHBr2Cl、CHBr3及其四种THMs (TTHMs)的质数三卤甲烷,并计算其去除率/成形率。结果表明,不同沸腾方式下,TTHM的百分比变化如下:开煮TTHM >带顶空闭煮TTHM >无顶空(CBWH)闭煮TTHM。剩余TTHM在容器中储存6小时的顺序如下:开放容器C < G < P < SS < Al,封闭容器C < G < P < SS < Al;对于未煮沸的水,开放容器中SS < C < Al < P < G,封闭容器中C < P < Al < SS < G。综上所述,在陶罐中储存的沸水中,TTHM残留浓度最低,建议作为室内实践来减少TTHM。
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引用次数: 0
Photoadsorption and reaction mechanism of periwinkle shell ash in the removal of hazardous dye 长春花壳灰对有害染料的光吸附及反应机理
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.029
A. Nkwoada, G. Onyedika, E. Oguzie, M. Ogwuegbu
Combined adsorption and photocatalysis synergy was explored in this research because the porosity of activated carbon and hydroxyl radicals' generation are the main drivers of the adsorption and photodecomposition efficiency of dyes. In this study, periwinkle shell ash (PSA) activated at 800 °C was used for the adsorption of toxic crystal violet (CRV) dyes. The PSA was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Findings showed that CRV adsorption was dependent on the dosage, pH, contact time, and initial concentration. The adsorption capacity was 46.82 at pH (9) for CRV, dosage amount of 0.2 g/L, and an adsorbate concentration of 70 mg/L. Pseudo-second order gave a perfect fitting-chemisorption mechanism with values >0.98 (R2). Maximum photodegradation (93–98%) was achieved when the catalyst dosage increased to 0.75 g. Thermodynamics confirmed a spontaneous/exothermic process. The photocatalysis process confirmed that the combined process was effective and determined to be the rate-determining step by Langmuir–Hinshelwood. The study concluded that PSA was an efficient adsorbent, and TiO2 was a key factor in the reaction mechanism and recommended for potential synthesis of membrane substrates, high performance, efficiency, and cost reduction.
由于活性炭的孔隙率和羟基自由基的产生是染料吸附和光分解效率的主要驱动因素,因此本研究探索了吸附和光催化协同作用。在本研究中,在800°C下活化的长春花壳灰(PSA)用于吸附有毒结晶紫(CRV)染料。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、Brunauer–Emmett–Teller表面积分析和X射线衍射对PSA进行了表征。研究结果表明,CRV的吸附取决于剂量、pH、接触时间和初始浓度。在pH(9)、剂量为0.2g/L、吸附质浓度为70mg/L的条件下,CRV的吸附容量为46.82。伪二阶给出了一个完美拟合的化学吸附机制,其值>0.98(R2)。当催化剂用量增加到0.75 g时,实现了最大的光降解(93–98%)。热力学证实了自发/放热过程。光催化过程证实了联合过程的有效性,并被Langmuir–Hinshelwood确定为速率决定步骤。该研究得出结论,PSA是一种有效的吸附剂,TiO2是反应机理中的关键因素,并推荐用于潜在的膜基材合成,具有高性能、高效和降低成本的优点。
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引用次数: 0
Water quality assessment and reuse potential of groundwater combined saline solution for irrigation 地下水复合盐水灌溉的水质评价及回用潜力
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.030
Ammari Abdessattar, S. Kateb
This study aims to evaluate the water quality and reuse potential of groundwater combined with a saline solution for irrigation. The brine dilution process was done by adding groundwater by determining the total dissolved salts (TDS) value according to the irrigation criteria and then by calculating the amount of groundwater to be added using the law of concentrations to obtain the water mixture, as the TDS value decreased from 4922 and 3810 mg/l to 2587 and 2200 mg/l, respectively. The assessment aimed to determine the suitability of the water for irrigation, and the quality indices used were sodium adsorption ratio, magnesium hazard ratio percentage, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, permeability index, Kelly index, and irrigation water quality index. The results indicated that the water after mixing is suitable for irrigation. The USSL diagram was used to evaluate the post-mixing water at two stations, Touggourt and El-Oued, and the results showed that the post-mixing water at Touggourt falls in the C4–S1 group (extremely high salinity with low sodium), and the post-mixing water at El-Oued falls in the C4–S2 group (very high salinity with medium sodium).
本研究旨在评估地下水与盐水结合灌溉的水质和再利用潜力。盐水稀释过程是通过根据灌溉标准确定总溶解盐(TDS)值来添加地下水,然后通过使用浓度定律计算要添加的地下水量来获得水混合物,因为TDS值分别从4922和3810 mg/l降至2587和2200 mg/l。评估旨在确定灌溉用水的适宜性,使用的质量指标为钠吸附率、镁危害率、钠百分比、残留碳酸钠、渗透性指数、凯利指数和灌溉水质指数。结果表明,混合后的水适合灌溉。USSL图用于评估Touggourt和El Oued两个站点的后混合水,结果显示,Touggour特的后混合用水属于C4–S1组(盐度极高,钠含量较低),El Oueed的后混合水量属于C4–S2组(盐度很高,钠含量中等)。
{"title":"Water quality assessment and reuse potential of groundwater combined saline solution for irrigation","authors":"Ammari Abdessattar, S. Kateb","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aims to evaluate the water quality and reuse potential of groundwater combined with a saline solution for irrigation. The brine dilution process was done by adding groundwater by determining the total dissolved salts (TDS) value according to the irrigation criteria and then by calculating the amount of groundwater to be added using the law of concentrations to obtain the water mixture, as the TDS value decreased from 4922 and 3810 mg/l to 2587 and 2200 mg/l, respectively. The assessment aimed to determine the suitability of the water for irrigation, and the quality indices used were sodium adsorption ratio, magnesium hazard ratio percentage, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, permeability index, Kelly index, and irrigation water quality index. The results indicated that the water after mixing is suitable for irrigation. The USSL diagram was used to evaluate the post-mixing water at two stations, Touggourt and El-Oued, and the results showed that the post-mixing water at Touggourt falls in the C4–S1 group (extremely high salinity with low sodium), and the post-mixing water at El-Oued falls in the C4–S2 group (very high salinity with medium sodium).","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42490518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Multi-criteria decision support system for selecting the rainwater harvesting technique in wadi systems, Sinai, Egypt 埃及西奈,瓦迪系统雨水收集技术选择的多标准决策支持系统
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.031
M. Abdelkader, U. Mahmoud, A. Mobasher, M. Reda
Recently, some areas are exposed to water scarcity and floods, and rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a practical solution, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. The Wadi Watier basin located in South Sinai, Egypt was selected to identify the appropriate RWH techniques. Five alternatives were proposed: a dam with a reservoir, a storage pond, an underground tank, wadi bed cultivation, or a Jessor system. The hydrological model was built using the WMS software to determine the runoff volume at the proposed RWH sites. Multiple criteria were identified and classified based on their suitability degree. Then, an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to assign the effective weight of each evaluation criterion. The AHP revealed that the wadi slope and initial cost have the highest evaluation influence of 20%, followed by the wadi width of 15%. The rainfall volume, social acceptance, and cost revenue have moderate influences with weights from 8 to 11%. Finally, the storage ponds and underground tanks recorded the highest suitability evaluations at the selected RWH sites, at 65.4 and 62.7%, respectively. The dam with a reservoir recorded 49.3%, which is considered medium suitability, while wadi bed cultivation and Jessor systems were classified as low suitability evaluations with 42.7 and 41.7%, respectively.
最近,一些地区面临缺水和洪水,雨水收集是一个切实可行的解决方案,尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区。选择位于埃及西奈半岛南部的Wadi Watier盆地来确定适当的RWH技术。提出了五种替代方案:一个带水库的大坝、一个储水池、一个地下水箱、瓦迪河床养殖或杰索尔系统。使用WMS软件建立水文模型,以确定拟建RWH站点的径流量。根据其适用程度确定并分类了多个标准。然后,采用层次分析法(AHP)对各评价标准进行有效权重分配。层次分析法显示,河道坡度和初始成本的评价影响最大,为20%,其次是河道宽度,为15%。降雨量、社会接受度和成本收入具有中等影响,权重在8%至11%之间。最后,在选定的RWH场地,储存池和地下储罐的适用性评价最高,分别为65.4%和62.7%。有水库的大坝记录了49.3%的适宜性,被认为是中等适宜性,而瓦迪河床栽培和Jessor系统被归类为低适宜性评价,分别为42.7%和41.7%。
{"title":"Multi-criteria decision support system for selecting the rainwater harvesting technique in wadi systems, Sinai, Egypt","authors":"M. Abdelkader, U. Mahmoud, A. Mobasher, M. Reda","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recently, some areas are exposed to water scarcity and floods, and rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a practical solution, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. The Wadi Watier basin located in South Sinai, Egypt was selected to identify the appropriate RWH techniques. Five alternatives were proposed: a dam with a reservoir, a storage pond, an underground tank, wadi bed cultivation, or a Jessor system. The hydrological model was built using the WMS software to determine the runoff volume at the proposed RWH sites. Multiple criteria were identified and classified based on their suitability degree. Then, an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to assign the effective weight of each evaluation criterion. The AHP revealed that the wadi slope and initial cost have the highest evaluation influence of 20%, followed by the wadi width of 15%. The rainfall volume, social acceptance, and cost revenue have moderate influences with weights from 8 to 11%. Finally, the storage ponds and underground tanks recorded the highest suitability evaluations at the selected RWH sites, at 65.4 and 62.7%, respectively. The dam with a reservoir recorded 49.3%, which is considered medium suitability, while wadi bed cultivation and Jessor systems were classified as low suitability evaluations with 42.7 and 41.7%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49412519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Prediction of groundwater quality index in the Gaza coastal aquifer using supervised machine learning techniques 使用监督机器学习技术预测加沙沿海含水层的地下水质量指数
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.028
A. Aish, H. A. Zaqoot, W. Sethar, Diana A. Aish
This paper investigates the performance of five supervised machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LogR), decision tree (DT), multiple perceptron neural network (MLP-NN), and K-nearest neighbours (KNN) for predicting the water quality index (WQI) and water quality class (WQC) in the coastal aquifer of the Gaza Strip. A total of 2,448 samples of groundwater were collected from the coastal aquifer of the Gaza Strip, and various physical and chemical parameters were measured to calculate the WQI based on weight. The prediction accuracy was evaluated using five error measures. The results showed that MLP-NN outperformed other models in terms of accuracy with an R value of 0.9945–0.9948, compared with 0.9897–0.9880 for SVM, 0.9784–0.9800 for LogR, 0.9464–0.9247 for KNN, and 0.9301–0.9064 for DT. SVM classification showed that 78.32% of the study area fell under poor to unsuitable water categories, while the north part of the region had good to excellent water quality. TDS was the most important parameter in WQI predictions while and were the least important. MLP-NN and SVM were the most accurate models for the WQI prediction and classification in the Gaza coastal aquifer.
本文研究了五种监督机器学习算法,包括支持向量机(SVM)、逻辑回归(LogR)、决策树(DT)、多感知器神经网络(MLP-NN)和K近邻(KNN),用于预测加沙地带沿海含水层的水质指数(WQI)和水质等级(WQC)的性能。从加沙地带沿海含水层共采集了2448份地下水样本,并测量了各种物理和化学参数,以根据重量计算WQI。使用五个误差度量来评估预测准确性。结果表明,MLP-NN在准确性方面优于其他模型,R值为0.9945–0.9948,而SVM为0.9897–0.9880,LogR为0.9784–0.9800,KNN为0.9464–0.9247,DT为0.9301–0.9064。SVM分类显示,78.32%的研究区域属于较差至不适宜的水质类别,而该地区北部的水质为良好至优良。TDS是WQI预测中最重要的参数,而和是最不重要的。MLP-NN和SVM是加沙海岸含水层WQI预测和分类最准确的模型。
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引用次数: 0
Countermeasures for rural domestic wastewater based on ecological environment security: a case study of an MBR-integrated process based on the PVDF@ZrO2 flat membrane, China 基于生态环境安全的农村生活污水处理对策研究——以MBR一体化工艺为例PVDF@ZrO2平板膜,中国
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.027
Na Zhong, Fan Kai, Liankui Xu
The harmonious coexistence of humans and nature has reached a broad consensus in the world. Maintaining the health of the ecological environment is the foundation of the existence and development of human civilization, and is also the inevitable choice for human beings to deal with the global ecological environment crisis. As an important factor affecting ecological stability, rural domestic wastewater has been neglected and not treated effectively for a long time because of its special geographical location and development limitations. In this paper, an integrated process of an MBR was applied to rural domestic wastewater treatment, inside which the modified PVDF@ZrO2 membrane was used to replace the traditional PVDF membrane. A series of membrane analyses and project follow-ups have proven that the hydrophilicity, anti-fouling performance of the membrane, and the treated water quality were improved. Meanwhile, this research enlightens us to pay attention to the overall planning, the maintenance of the pipe network, and the stable investment of funds in the treatment of rural domestic wastewater.
人与自然和谐共生已在世界范围内达成广泛共识。维护生态环境健康是人类文明存在和发展的基础,也是人类应对全球生态环境危机的必然选择。农村生活污水作为影响生态稳定的重要因素,由于其特殊的地理位置和发展限制,长期以来一直被忽视,没有得到有效的处理。本文将MBR一体化工艺应用于农村生活污水的处理PVDF@ZrO2膜被用来代替传统的PVDF膜。一系列的膜分析和项目跟踪证明,膜的亲水性、防污性能和处理后的水质都得到了改善。同时,本研究也启示我们要重视农村生活污水处理的统筹规划、管网维护和资金的稳定投入。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of the probabilistic water leak location in underground pipelines using Monte Carlo simulation 利用蒙特卡罗模拟预测地下管道的概率漏水位置
IF 1.6 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.026
Matheus Proença, A. Paschoalini, Daniel H. S. Obata
The water loss rates in Brazil are still very concerning and cause huge financial, social, and environmental damages. Although great advances have been made in acoustic leak detection methods, some of them are intrusive or at least demand convenient access points to the pipe's surface. Furthermore, some methods are expensive and require a highly experienced and qualified operator. Thus, the goal of this paper is to establish a benchmark using a simplistic analytical model for the ground surface analysis for leaks location, simplifying the search process carried out in water networks, and requiring minimal system interference. For leak location prediction, the proposed method considered two seismic wave paths – the compressional body waves and the Rayleigh superficial waves. The traveltime curves of the compressional waves are calculated as a function of the surface wave's experimental information. Monte Carlo Simulations were carried out to test each model's precision considering uncertainties related to the input parameters of the problem. At last, through a parametric study, the two seismic events were combined to obtain better accuracy in predicting the leakage epicenter location. In the results, the maximum absolute error found was 15 cm, and the minimum improvement obtained with the parametric study was 27.4%.
巴西的水资源损失率仍然令人担忧,并造成巨大的经济、社会和环境损失。尽管声学泄漏检测方法已经取得了很大进展,但其中一些方法具有侵入性,或者至少需要方便的管道表面接入点。此外,一些方法成本高昂,需要经验丰富且合格的操作员。因此,本文的目标是使用简单的分析模型建立一个基准,用于泄漏位置的地表分析,简化在供水网络中进行的搜索过程,并要求将系统干扰降至最低。对于泄漏位置预测,所提出的方法考虑了两种地震波路径——压缩体波和瑞利浅层波。压缩波的走时曲线是作为表面波的实验信息的函数来计算的。考虑到与问题输入参数相关的不确定性,进行了蒙特卡罗模拟来测试每个模型的精度。最后,通过参数研究,将两个地震事件相结合,以获得更好的泄漏震中位置预测精度。在结果中,发现的最大绝对误差为15cm,参数研究获得的最小改进为27.4%。
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引用次数: 0
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Water Practice and Technology
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