Acta Biomaterialia最新文献

{"title":"Application of microalgae as functional biomaterials for tissue repair and regeneration","authors":"Jun Kang ,&nbsp;Zhijing Yang ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Yiru Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaoming Wu ,&nbsp;Guicong Ding ,&nbsp;Rong Cen ,&nbsp;Chengfei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tissue repair and regeneration via advanced tissue engineering strategies offer tremendous translational potential in regenerative medicine. However, challenges remain in engineering large-size tissue constructs and organs and applying them clinically. For instance, various microenvironmental stressors, including excessive inflammation, oxidative stress, infections, nutrient and oxygen deprivation, and waste metabolite accumulation, can compromise cell survival and functionality, impeding tissue regeneration. Microalgae, a diverse group of unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms encompassing prokaryotes and eukaryotes, have been investigated as a functional biomaterial in this context. Rich in bioactive compounds with antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, microalgae provide a unique combination of roles and benefits for medical applications. Microalgae have unique surface characteristics and structures that enable them to absorb and deliver functional molecules, alongside an amenability to genetic engineering for recombinant protein production. Most notably, their ability to generate oxygen through photosynthesis makes them an effective tool for alleviating tissue hypoxia, a common and critical issue in tissue engineering. This review summarizes current strategies for harnessing microalgae in biomedical applications, with a focus on their potential in tissue repair and regeneration. We also discussed the challenges and future directions for advancing their integration into clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Advanced tissue engineering strategies hold great promise for repairing and regenerating damaged tissues. However, critical challenges—including limited oxygen and nutrient supply, delayed vascularization, excessive inflammation, and infections—hinder tissue regeneration. Microalgae, a group of unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms, offer innovative solutions due to their rich bioactive compounds, photosynthetic capabilities, unique surface properties, genetic manipulability, and biocompatibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current strategies for utilizing microalgae in biomedical applications, with a focus on tissue engineering. It also discusses existing challenges and highlights future directions to advance their clinical translation. By exploring microalgae-based approaches, this review emphasizes their potential to address key hurdles in tissue regeneration and inspire novel biomaterial applications in regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 102-119"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced polyelectrolyte complexes for ultrafast hemostasis and blood superabsorption","authors":"Sajjad Fanaee ,&nbsp;Alireza Zabihihesari ,&nbsp;Tianqin Ning ,&nbsp;William Austin ,&nbsp;Max Wolverton ,&nbsp;Brendan M. Leung ,&nbsp;Stephen L. Bearne ,&nbsp;Jianyu Li ,&nbsp;Mark Joseph Filiaggi ,&nbsp;Vahid Adibnia","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blood clotting is the natural response of the human body to hemorrhage – one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Hemostatic sponges are used to physically block the bleeding site, reduce blood clotting time, and increase the chance of survival post injury. In this study, tuning electrostatic interactions in a polyelectrolyte complex resulted in a superabsorbent hemostatic device capable of time-controlled release of procoagulant polyphosphates (PP). Sponge scaffolds made of modified chitosan with a controlled number of negatively- and positively- charged functional groups were used as the PP carrier, enabling controlled release of PP through competing electrostatic interactions. The binding of PP to the modified chitosan and its release were studied mechanistically at the molecular scale, while the blood clotting capability of the sponges was assessed quantitatively under static and dynamic conditions <em>in vitro,</em> and using a rat hepatic hemorrhage model <em>in vivo</em>. Consistent results between the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments indicated that the hemostatic sponges can decrease the blood clotting time by up to 75 % while absorbing fluid up to 25 times their dry mass within an 8 h period after exposure to the blood, making them suitable for various bleeding conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Improving the chance of survival following trauma bleeding depends on fast and effective blood control. The efficacy of polyphosphates in accelerating the natural blood clotting has been known for over two decades. However, polyphosphates could not be used for accelerated external blood clotting due to the narrow range of its effective concentration. This article shows that controlling competing electrostatic interactions in a polyelectrolyte complex containing polyphosphates is an effective strategy to maintain the effective concentration of polyphosphates at the external bleeding site to maximize its blood clotting efficacy. With comprehensive ex vivo, microfluidic and <em>in vivo</em> analyses, the efficacy of the polyelectrolyte complex in controlling the blood clotting rate while absorbing a significant volume of blood is demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 292-305"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing albumin as a carrier for the delivery of anti-HIV drugs to the lymphatic system","authors":"Ziqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixian Huang ,&nbsp;Raymond E. West III ,&nbsp;Deepika Mahesh ,&nbsp;Patrick Joseph Oberly ,&nbsp;Shichen Li ,&nbsp;Zhangyi Luo ,&nbsp;Yuang Chen ,&nbsp;Haozhe Huang ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Bain ,&nbsp;Thomas D Nolin ,&nbsp;Moses T. Bility ,&nbsp;Robbie B Mailliard ,&nbsp;Song Li","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoirs in the lymphatic system remains a major obstacle to a complete cure, largely due to subtherapeutic concentrations of antiretrovirals (ARVs) in lymphatic tissues under current regimens. Developing innovative strategies to enhance ARV delivery to lymphatic tissues could therefore represent a paradigm shift in the pursuit of an HIV cure. Here, we describe a delivery strategy involving an Evans Blue (EB)-based prodrug conjugated with dolutegravir (DTG), a model ARV. This construct is designed to bind albumin with high affinity, facilitating transport to lymph nodes (LNs) via albumin-mediated trans-endothelial transcytosis. EB modification substantially improved the distribution of the conjugated molecule to LNs throughout the body, and the hEB-DTG prodrug increased DTG concentrations in LNs by up to 10-fold, suggesting a promising strategy for eradicating HIV reservoirs.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>A major barrier to curing HIV infection is the persistence of viral reservoirs in lymphatic tissues, which current ARV therapies fail to eliminate due to poor drug penetration. To overcome this limitation, we developed a prodrug strategy that harnesses the natural trafficking of albumin to the lymphatic system. In this approach, ARVs are conjugated to EB, a high-affinity albumin-binding dye, to generate EB–ARV prodrugs that hijack albumin’s endogenous transport pathways. After intravenous administration, these conjugates rapidly associate with circulating albumin, which mediates their transcytosis across endothelial barriers and directs their accumulation in lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues. This strategy substantially enhances ARV exposure at the primary sites of viral persistence, representing a promising and potentially transformative approach for eradicating HIV reservoirs and advancing toward a functional cure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 521-531"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural origin of high bioactivity in zirconia containing bioactive glasses","authors":"Wenqing Xie ,&nbsp;Deepak V Pillai ,&nbsp;Ying Shi ,&nbsp;Randall Youngman ,&nbsp;Kyle K. Hufziger ,&nbsp;Qiang Fu ,&nbsp;Yufeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Jincheng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ZrO₂ containing phosphosilicate bioactive glasses with high <em>in vitro</em> bioactivity and mechanical strength are developed and the roles of ZrO₂ and P₂O₅ on structure, dissolution behavior, and <em>in vitro</em> bioactivity are elucidated through a integrated experimental and simulation study. In comparison to conventional bioactive glasses such as 45S5, these zirconia containing bioactive glasses exhibit an intriguing phenomenon of slow initial dissolution rates yet overall high ion releases in longer term reactions. This is found to originate from the inhibited reorganization of gel layer structures due to the formation of Zr-O-Si linkages, similar to what previously observed in zirconia-containing nuclear waste glasses. The suppression effect is evidenced by the progressive increase in gel layer thickness, reaching its maximum at 4 mol% ZrO₂ incorporation, as a function of ZrO₂ concentration. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy imaging reveals formation of nano sized pores within the gel layer and a depletion zone between the gel and pristine glass, further highlighting the critical role of ZrO₂ in modulating dissolution and enhancing bioactivity. Molecular dynamics simulation results confirm a mixed network structure consisting sixfold-coordinated [ZrO₆] and fourfold-coordinated [SiO₄] units in the porous gel layer with interconnected porosity that facilitates solution diffusion and glass dissolution. This work thus identifies a new class of ZrO₂ containing bioactive glasses and provides insights on the relationships between structure, dissolution behavior, and bioactivity, greatly expanding the composition and design space of advanced bioactive materials.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Our findings show that ZrO₂ containing bioactive glasses have unusual dissolution behaviors and high bioactivity. By using a range of characterization methods and molecular dynamics computer simulations, the short and medium range glass structure were revealed and their relation to the dissolution behavior and <em>in vitro</em> bioactivity were elucidated. We found that although zirconia decreases initial glass dissolution rate, it hinders the gel layer reorganization hence increases the overall dissolution and leaching of alkali and alkali earth ions that lead to improved bioactivity. This behavior increases the design space of bioactive glass compositions and enables design of glasses that have simultaneously high modulus, low thermal expansion, high thermal stability and high <em>in vitro</em> bioactivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 609-623"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Quaternary ammonium salt microspheres loaded with vascular disrupting agents for targeted interventional therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma” [Acta Biomaterialia 203 (2025) 591-603]","authors":"Xun-Zheng Su ,&nbsp;En-Qi Qiao ,&nbsp;Gao-Jun Teng ,&nbsp;Fei Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"208 ","pages":"Page 596"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal ion-protein-based liquid hemostatic foam for prehospital emergency treatment of incompressible hemorrhage","authors":"Xinran Yang ,&nbsp;Lizong Tang ,&nbsp;Shaohan Luo ,&nbsp;Zhiguang Sun ,&nbsp;Xing Gao ,&nbsp;Jisen Li ,&nbsp;Haojun Fan ,&nbsp;Shike Hou ,&nbsp;Rui Li ,&nbsp;Jie Shi ,&nbsp;Qi Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mortality resulting from incompressible hemorrhage is the primary cause of pre-hospital deaths, highlighting the urgent need for the development of innovative hemostatic materials capable of effectively managing this type of bleeding. Inspired by the long-lasting foams constituted by transition metal ion-protein complexes, we have developed an injectable and stable liquid hemostatic foam composed of gelatin/silk fibroin and hemostatic metal ions Ca²⁺/Fe²⁺. This foam can be rapidly obtained using a simple double-syringe Tessari method and exhibits superior mechanical strength, longevity, and rheological properties compared to traditional pure gelatin foam. We characterized the size changes and blood interactions of the foam under an optical microscope. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of multiple pro-coagulation components, the foam demonstrated superior hemostatic performance in rat liver injury, femoral artery injury, and porcine superficial epigastric artery injury models compared to commercial gauze and gelatin sponge. After hemostasis, the foam can be retained on the wound, where it rapidly and harmlessly degrades, mitigating inflammatory responses and reducing unnecessary adhesions Alternatively, it can be gently, rapidly, and intact removed from the wound through a simple process, without damaging the formed clot and causing secondary bleeding, thus facilitating further treatment of casualties. These functions highlight its great potential for prehospital emergency treatment of incompressible hemorrhage.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>We have developed a liquid hemostatic foam for rapid hemostasis of incompressible hemorrhage. The foam shows consistent stability, mechanical strength, and duration, meeting the requirements for managing incompressible hemorrhage. The foam can be easily removed from the wound without disrupting the clot or causing secondary bleeding, which is beneficial for pre-hospital rescue. We believe that such liquid hemostatic foam materials, benefiting from injectability and improved mechanical strength, are actually more advantageous for pre-hospital treatment of incompressible hemorrhage. We also hope that there will be more research in this field in the future to further optimize and develop liquid foam hemostatic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 279-291"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-orientation of collagen fibers to guide cell alignment in 3D-printed constructs","authors":"Diya Singhal ,&nbsp;Fotis Christakopoulos ,&nbsp;Lucia G. Brunel ,&nbsp;Suraj Borkar ,&nbsp;Vanessa M. Doulames ,&nbsp;Esther A.T. Mozipo ,&nbsp;David Myung ,&nbsp;Gerald G. Fuller ,&nbsp;Sarah C. Heilshorn","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural tissue comprises fibrous proteins with complex fiber alignment patterns. Here, we develop a reproducible method to fabricate biomimetic scaffolds with patterned fiber alignment along two independent orientations. While extrusion-based approaches are commonly used to align fibrous polymers in a single orientation parallel to the direction of flow, we hypothesized that extrusion-based 3D printing could be utilized to achieve more complex patterns of fiber alignment. Specifically, we show that control of lateral spreading of a printed filament can induce fiber alignment that is either parallel or perpendicular to the flow direction. Theoretical prediction of the printing parameters that control fiber orientation was experimentally validated using a collagen biomaterial ink. The velocity ratio of the printhead movement relative to the ink extrusion rate was found to dictate collagen fiber alignment, allowing for the informed fabrication of collagen scaffolds with prescribed patterns of fiber alignment. For example, controlled variation of the ink extrusion rate during a single print resulted in scaffolds with specified regions of both parallel and perpendicular collagen fiber alignment. Human corneal mesenchymal stromal cells seeded onto the printed scaffolds adopted a spread morphology that aligned with the underlying collagen fiber patterns. This technique worked well for filaments either printed onto a printbed in air or extruded within a support bath using embedded 3D printing, enabling the fabrication of 3D structures with aligned collagen fibers. Taken together, this work demonstrates a theoretical and experimental framework to achieve the reproducible fabrication of 3D printed structures with controlled collagen fiber patterns that guide cellular alignment.</div><div><em><strong>Statement of Significance</strong></em></div><div>Natural tissues contain collagen fibers aligned in multiple directions, which are essential for guiding cell behavior; however, most existing fabrication methods can achieve only unidirectional fiber alignment. Here, we introduce an extrusion-based 3D printing strategy that enables precise control over collagen fiber orientation in both parallel and perpendicular directions. This allows multidirectional collagen fiber alignment patterned spatially within a single construct, thereby guiding corneal mesenchymal stromal cells to align multidirectionally. This approach works when printing in air or with embedded printing in a support bath. Thus, this strategy can enable the fabrication of complex 3D scaffolds that mimic the anisotropic architecture of native tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 167-182"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “High molecular weight hyaluronic acid-liposome delivery system for efficient transdermal treatment of acute and chronic skin photodamage” [Acta Biomaterialia 182, 2024, 171-187]","authors":"Hui Xing ,&nbsp;Xiangjun Pan ,&nbsp;Yihan Hu ,&nbsp;Yuhui Yang ,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Huanqi Peng ,&nbsp;Jianjin Wang ,&nbsp;Shanying Li ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Hu ,&nbsp;Guowei Li ,&nbsp;Dong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.10.065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.10.065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"208 ","pages":"Pages 594-595"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supramolecular copolymerized peptide self-assembly enables in situ reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages to potentiate mild photothermal immunotherapy of cold tumors","authors":"Yuanzhao Mao ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Gu ,&nbsp;Yitong Yu ,&nbsp;Shuang Tian ,&nbsp;Yueyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yaru Dong ,&nbsp;Zixian Niu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Na Chen ,&nbsp;Kai Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The progressive advancement of nanomedicine has positioned mild photothermal therapy (mPTT) at the forefront of oncological research as a precision therapeutic modality with spatiotemporal controllability. Unlike conventional photothermal ablation, mPTT operates under finely regulated thermal conditions that minimize collateral damage to peritumoral tissues while preserving immune cell viability through avoidance of hyperthermia-induced apoptosis. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of mPTT remains constrained by inherent challenges such as the persistently immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and the subablative thermal conditions that allow residual malignant cell survival. To address these limitations, we developed a TME-responsive supramolecular platform through the rational design of copolymerized peptides capable of self-assembling with both a near-infrared photosensitizer and an immune modulator. This nanoconstruct leverages noncovalent molecular interactions, primarily governed by π-π stacking, to achieve stable co-loading of therapeutic payloads. The resultant nanoplatform demonstrates robust immunomodulatory capacity, effectively remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor milieu through repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages from a protumoral M2 phenotype to an antitumoral M1 states. Concomitantly, the system induces immunogenic cell death through photothermal-associated mechanisms, leading to the generation of tumor-specific damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) under mild hyperthermic conditions. Crucially, our findings reveal that M1-reprogrammed macrophages collaborate with DAMPs-activated dendritic cells to establish a cooperative antigen presentation axis, forming an immunostimulatory relay that overcomes the dual challenges of T-cell exclusion and antigenic silence characteristic of immunologically “cold” tumors. This coordinated immunologic cascade drives substantial intratumoral infiltration of effector T lymphocytes while sustaining favorable activation profiles, effectively converting immune-deserted neoplasms into immunologically responsive lesions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Statement of significance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this study, we report the rational design and synthesis of a supramolecular copolymerized peptide based on aromatic amino acids, which self-assembles into stable nanostructures through dominant π-π stacking and other intermolecular interactions. The resulting nanoplatform exhibits strong responsiveness to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enables efficient co-loading of both a photosensitizer and an immunomodulator. This allows for controlled mild photothermal therapy (mPTT), which effectively induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) while minimizing collateral damage to surrounding healthy tissues. More importantly, the system actively reprograms tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the TME, thereby remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment and amplifying ICD-driven antitumo","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"209 ","pages":"Pages 547-565"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast implant microbiome profile correlates with foreign body response severity","authors":"Tim K. Weltz ,&nbsp;Shuang Peng ,&nbsp;Andreas Larsen ,&nbsp;Erik E.F. Bak ,&nbsp;John V.Q. Tran ,&nbsp;Mathilde N. Hemmingsen ,&nbsp;Mathias Ørholt ,&nbsp;Louise V. Mielke ,&nbsp;Jesper Trillingsgaard ,&nbsp;Jens J. Elberg ,&nbsp;Lisbet R. Hölmich ,&nbsp;Lisa T. Jensen ,&nbsp;Peter Vester-Glowinski ,&nbsp;Blaine Fritz ,&nbsp;Thomas Bjarnsholt ,&nbsp;Urvish Trivedi ,&nbsp;Xuanji Li ,&nbsp;Søren J. Sørensen ,&nbsp;Mikkel Herly","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomedical implants significantly enhance quality of life for millions of individuals worldwide. However, maintaining long-term implant function remains challenging, and it is often due to a severe foreign body response, characterized by fibrosis and functional impairment, clinically referred to as capsular contracture for breast implants. Colonization of implant surfaces by low-virulent bacteria has been proposed as a potential driver of severe foreign body response, but evidence from large-scale human studies has been lacking. We found that the implant microbiome composition is significantly associated with the foreign body response severity based on an extensive characterization of the breast implant microbiome using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We analyzed 339 explanted breast implants from 206 patients undergoing revisional surgery without any symptoms of a clinical infection. We detected a diverse community of bacteria on the implants and demonstrated that an increased relative abundance of <em>Staphylococcus</em> was associated with a severe foreign body response. This pattern was supported by a within-patient analysis of 20 individuals with unilateral severe versus contralateral mild foreign body response. These findings suggest that the implant microbiome plays a role in the development of a severe foreign body response and may guide strategies to improve implant biocompatibility.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>This study identified a diverse microbiome on breast implants from patients without any symptoms of infection and demonstrated a clear association between microbiome composition and the severity of the foreign body response (FBR), a significant complication affecting implant function. Notably, implants with severe FBR showed lower microbial diversity and higher relative abundance of <em>Staphylococcus</em> compared to those with mild FBR. Additionally, a paired analysis within patients with severe FBR in one breast and mild FBR in the contralateral breast further supported higher relative <em>Staphylococcus</em> abundance on the severe FBR implant. These findings provide insights into microbial factors influencing implant biocompatibility, which may guide strategies to improve implant biocompatibility and reduce complications for patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"208 ","pages":"Pages 201-209"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}