Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-50-63
Tamar Mikava
Among the most important issues to be characterized is the temperature of the aquifer in any geothermal system. Fluids located deep within a hydrothermal system provide heat, and they control thermal groundwater temperature changes in aquifers. Geothermometers based on water chemistry have been used to estimate groundwater temperatures in various complexes. However, the average temperature measured by hydrochemical geothermometers is often variable, and it is difficult to assign a corresponding average geothermal fluid temperature because temperature and pressure change as the geothermal fluid moves upward. Different geothermometers cover different temperature ranges. Some hydrochemical geothermometers are suitable for high temperature geothermal systems, while others are suitable for medium and low temperature. Based on these geothermometers, it is difficult to assign a temperature that is close to the actual temperature of the geothermal system, because the influence of atmospheric precipitation, which causes a decrease in the concentration of chemical components and dilution due to mixing with shallow groundwater.
{"title":"Geothermal Conditions of Deep-seated Fluids in the Kolkheti Artesian Basin: Water Chemistry and Geothermometry","authors":"Tamar Mikava","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-50-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-50-63","url":null,"abstract":"Among the most important issues to be characterized is the temperature of the aquifer in any geothermal system. Fluids located deep within a hydrothermal system provide heat, and they control thermal groundwater temperature changes in aquifers. Geothermometers based on water chemistry have been used to estimate groundwater temperatures in various complexes. However, the average temperature measured by hydrochemical geothermometers is often variable, and it is difficult to assign a corresponding average geothermal fluid temperature because temperature and pressure change as the geothermal fluid moves upward. Different geothermometers cover different temperature ranges. Some hydrochemical geothermometers are suitable for high temperature geothermal systems, while others are suitable for medium and low temperature. Based on these geothermometers, it is difficult to assign a temperature that is close to the actual temperature of the geothermal system, because the influence of atmospheric precipitation, which causes a decrease in the concentration of chemical components and dilution due to mixing with shallow groundwater.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76492097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-64-74
Tamar Mikava
The field of practical use of the natural wealth of the Kolkhita region and, first of all, underground water is undeniably wide, because the underground water in question is associated with rocks of different lithologies and ages. Accordingly, they are characterized by different chemical composition and physical properties. There are three main types of underground water: fresh water, high-temperature thermal waters, radioactive waters. Water is the most universal and important medium for the migration of chemical elements into the Earth's crust. According to A. Perelman's figurative expression, water is the “blood” of the Earth's crust. Accordingly, all types of natural waters are closely interrelated. They are in continuous movement and renewal, forming a single hydrosphere of the Earth. The extremely high anomalous characteristics of water make it extremely important as a migration environment.
{"title":"The Study of the Chemical Composition of Underground Waters of Western Georgia in Order to Remove Microcomponents","authors":"Tamar Mikava","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-64-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-64-74","url":null,"abstract":"The field of practical use of the natural wealth of the Kolkhita region and, first of all, underground water is undeniably wide, because the underground water in question is associated with rocks of different lithologies and ages. Accordingly, they are characterized by different chemical composition and physical properties. There are three main types of underground water: fresh water, high-temperature thermal waters, radioactive waters. Water is the most universal and important medium for the migration of chemical elements into the Earth's crust. According to A. Perelman's figurative expression, water is the “blood” of the Earth's crust. Accordingly, all types of natural waters are closely interrelated. They are in continuous movement and renewal, forming a single hydrosphere of the Earth. The extremely high anomalous characteristics of water make it extremely important as a migration environment.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75997730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-75-85
Giorgi Tlashadze, L. Gorgidze, Mamuka Natsvlishvili
Modern methods of rock evaluation, such as Rock Quality Index (RQD), Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Rock Mass Classification System (Q), are used within the field of geotechnical surveys. RQD was determined by D.U. Deere in 1963, as a simple classification system of rock mass stability. While using RQD index five classes of rocks (A-E) are determined. Q value can be determined in different ways: during mapping in underground excavations, on the surface or alternatively – on basis of core description. The most accurate values are obtained during underground geological mapping. Dividing the underground excavations into several parts might be required during mapping, so that variation of Q value is moderate in each section, meaning that such variation should not exceed the rock class variation index according to the reinforcement scheme. During excavation works single blasting often represents natural section for individual mapping. A variation may take place in sections of several meters, but for showing this variation histograms can be used during mapping.
{"title":"Physical-mechanical Properties of Construction Site Bedrocks of Headworks and Powerhouse of “Khobi 2 HPP” Hydrotechnical Complex","authors":"Giorgi Tlashadze, L. Gorgidze, Mamuka Natsvlishvili","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-75-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-75-85","url":null,"abstract":"Modern methods of rock evaluation, such as Rock Quality Index (RQD), Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Rock Mass Classification System (Q), are used within the field of geotechnical surveys. RQD was determined by D.U. Deere in 1963, as a simple classification system of rock mass stability. While using RQD index five classes of rocks (A-E) are determined. Q value can be determined in different ways: during mapping in underground excavations, on the surface or alternatively – on basis of core description. The most accurate values are obtained during underground geological mapping. Dividing the underground excavations into several parts might be required during mapping, so that variation of Q value is moderate in each section, meaning that such variation should not exceed the rock class variation index according to the reinforcement scheme. During excavation works single blasting often represents natural section for individual mapping. A variation may take place in sections of several meters, but for showing this variation histograms can be used during mapping.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89778568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-109-117
L. Makharadze
Pipeline hydrotransport systems began to develop rapidly from the second half of the last century. This was especially the case in the mining and mineral industries, when it was used for hydraulic transportation of loose solid materials. One of the fragments of the fundamental works performed by the author at G. Tsulukidze Mining Institute – the construction performance and working principle of the hydraulic shock protection device of multistage pressure hydraulic transport systems – is reviewed. The construction includes a pneumohydraulic accumulator, the body of which is connected to the suction pipe of the pumping unit through a tube on which a foot is mounted, and the bottom is connected to the necessary pipeline with a transfer pipe. Additionally, reverse valves are installed on the supply pipe and the transfer pipe.
{"title":"Device for Protection Against Hydraulic Shocks of Multi-Stage Pressure Hydraulic Transport Systems","authors":"L. Makharadze","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-109-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-109-117","url":null,"abstract":"Pipeline hydrotransport systems began to develop rapidly from the second half of the last century. This was especially the case in the mining and mineral industries, when it was used for hydraulic transportation of loose solid materials. One of the fragments of the fundamental works performed by the author at G. Tsulukidze Mining Institute – the construction performance and working principle of the hydraulic shock protection device of multistage pressure hydraulic transport systems – is reviewed. The construction includes a pneumohydraulic accumulator, the body of which is connected to the suction pipe of the pumping unit through a tube on which a foot is mounted, and the bottom is connected to the necessary pipeline with a transfer pipe. Additionally, reverse valves are installed on the supply pipe and the transfer pipe.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74701905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-38-49
O. Namicheishvili, Jujuna Gogiashvili
Deep neural networks allow AI to achieve unprecedented levels of accuracy. For example, Alexa, Google Search and Google Photos are powered by deep learning, and the more we use these tools, the more effective they become. In healthcare, the diagnosis of cancerous tumors on MRI images using AI technologies (deep learning, image classification, object recognition) is as accurate as the findings of highly trained radiologists. AI makes it possible to get the most out of the data. With the advent of self-learning algorithms, the data itself becomes intellectual property. The data contains the answers you need – you just need to find them with the help of AI technology. As data is now more important than ever before, it can provide a competitive advantage. When using the same technology in a competitive environment, whoever has the most accurate data will win.
{"title":"Machine Intelligence in the Service of Human Intelligence","authors":"O. Namicheishvili, Jujuna Gogiashvili","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-38-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-38-49","url":null,"abstract":"Deep neural networks allow AI to achieve unprecedented levels of accuracy. For example, Alexa, Google Search and Google Photos are powered by deep learning, and the more we use these tools, the more effective they become. In healthcare, the diagnosis of cancerous tumors on MRI images using AI technologies (deep learning, image classification, object recognition) is as accurate as the findings of highly trained radiologists. AI makes it possible to get the most out of the data. With the advent of self-learning algorithms, the data itself becomes intellectual property. The data contains the answers you need – you just need to find them with the help of AI technology. As data is now more important than ever before, it can provide a competitive advantage. When using the same technology in a competitive environment, whoever has the most accurate data will win.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82369850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-102-108
G. Goletiani, T. Isakadze, G. Gugulashvili
Global pressure has intensified to reduce the use of R404a with high global warming potential and relatively high leak rates in supermarket systems. In Europe, several design modifications such as cascade systems and new refrigerant choices are being investigated. One of the new leading options is to utilize a hybrid cascade system using CO2 in low temperature refrigeration circuit and R134a in medium temperature. R134a has higher efficiency than R404a and about one third the direct global warming potential (GWP). To make even greater gains in GWP reduction, a new lower GWP refrigerant has been developed that is retrofittable in the medium temp R134a circuit with minimal system changes. This refrigerant has less than half the GWP of R134a and is also non-flammable. This paper will show results of experimental calorimeter and supermarket system performance. A TEWI analysis will also be presented to demonstrate the significant reduction in environmental impact if XP10 is used in a hybrid cascade system with CO2.
{"title":"Hybrid Supermarket System Using GWP Refrigerants","authors":"G. Goletiani, T. Isakadze, G. Gugulashvili","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-102-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-102-108","url":null,"abstract":"Global pressure has intensified to reduce the use of R404a with high global warming potential and relatively high leak rates in supermarket systems. In Europe, several design modifications such as cascade systems and new refrigerant choices are being investigated. One of the new leading options is to utilize a hybrid cascade system using CO2 in low temperature refrigeration circuit and R134a in medium temperature. R134a has higher efficiency than R404a and about one third the direct global warming potential (GWP). To make even greater gains in GWP reduction, a new lower GWP refrigerant has been developed that is retrofittable in the medium temp R134a circuit with minimal system changes. This refrigerant has less than half the GWP of R134a and is also non-flammable. This paper will show results of experimental calorimeter and supermarket system performance. A TEWI analysis will also be presented to demonstrate the significant reduction in environmental impact if XP10 is used in a hybrid cascade system with CO2.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91222693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-86-95
Mamuka Natsvlishvili
Hydrotechnical facilities represent hard complex of structures, the design and construction of which requires a large volume of detailed engineering-geological substantiation. Using of water resources shall be carried out in complex and hydrographic network of our country is no exception in this regard. The actuality of the issue is obvious; therefore, various geological processes require special study, which is necessary condition for the rational design and construction of hydrotechnical facilities. In hydrotechnical construction practice there are many cases when, due to improper assessment of geological conditions, structure deformations, failures and sometimes cataclysms took place. The investigation territory is located in Chkhorotsku region, close to the village Mukhuri. The territory represents the hilly exposition covered with deciduous forest and is free from constructions. At the mentioned territory construction of “Khobi 2 HPP” hydrotechnical complex is considered by the project, which consists of the following: headworks, powerhouse, 6.6 km long tunnel and 0.8 km long penstock. The capacity of HPP is 45 MW.
{"title":"Description of Engineering-Geological Conditions of \"Khobi 2 HPP\" Construction Diversion Tunnel (from pk 4+200 to pk 4+500) and Assessment of Surrounding Massif","authors":"Mamuka Natsvlishvili","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-86-95","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrotechnical facilities represent hard complex of structures, the design and construction of which requires a large volume of detailed engineering-geological substantiation. Using of water resources shall be carried out in complex and hydrographic network of our country is no exception in this regard. The actuality of the issue is obvious; therefore, various geological processes require special study, which is necessary condition for the rational design and construction of hydrotechnical facilities. In hydrotechnical construction practice there are many cases when, due to improper assessment of geological conditions, structure deformations, failures and sometimes cataclysms took place. The investigation territory is located in Chkhorotsku region, close to the village Mukhuri. The territory represents the hilly exposition covered with deciduous forest and is free from constructions. At the mentioned territory construction of “Khobi 2 HPP” hydrotechnical complex is considered by the project, which consists of the following: headworks, powerhouse, 6.6 km long tunnel and 0.8 km long penstock. The capacity of HPP is 45 MW.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90292873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-16-24
Luiza Qajaia, Neli Gilauri, Neli Iluridze
Azalea absolute oil is used in the highest quality perfumery liquids production, although because of muddying of perfumery product during the storage process and sediment separation, its wide usage was hold up. In spite of fact that Azalea absolute oil production started long time ago the influence of absolute oil receiving technology regime’s separate factors on the absolute oil productivity and quality was not investigated. The technological regime of receiving absolute oil from Azalea concrete was investigated in details. As a result it was established that concrete should be processed with 96% ethyl alcohol (solute) during 6 hours, the subsequent waxes – during 4 hours, and the alcoholic solutions obtained during the processing of concrete and waxes should be kept for 2 hours at minus 12-150C. It is necessary to coupage and concentrate the alcohol solutions obtained during the processing of concrete and waxes to 10% absolute oil content and delay for 20 days and nights. After a delay, the concentrated solution should be filtered and the solvent transferred. The established technological regime lets an absolute oil to be free from sediment (triterpene alcohols), their existence in perfumery liquids caused muddying and separation of amorphous sediments.
{"title":"Processing Technology of Azalea Flowers","authors":"Luiza Qajaia, Neli Gilauri, Neli Iluridze","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-16-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-16-24","url":null,"abstract":"Azalea absolute oil is used in the highest quality perfumery liquids production, although because of muddying of perfumery product during the storage process and sediment separation, its wide usage was hold up. In spite of fact that Azalea absolute oil production started long time ago the influence of absolute oil receiving technology regime’s separate factors on the absolute oil productivity and quality was not investigated. The technological regime of receiving absolute oil from Azalea concrete was investigated in details. As a result it was established that concrete should be processed with 96% ethyl alcohol (solute) during 6 hours, the subsequent waxes – during 4 hours, and the alcoholic solutions obtained during the processing of concrete and waxes should be kept for 2 hours at minus 12-150C. It is necessary to coupage and concentrate the alcohol solutions obtained during the processing of concrete and waxes to 10% absolute oil content and delay for 20 days and nights. After a delay, the concentrated solution should be filtered and the solvent transferred. The established technological regime lets an absolute oil to be free from sediment (triterpene alcohols), their existence in perfumery liquids caused muddying and separation of amorphous sediments.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73697592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-25-30
Elene Sordia, Levan Eliashvili, G. Kvartskhava
Tea is one of the most consumed beverages, second only to water worldwide. It stands out for its taste, aroma, and other benefits. Tea contains large amounts of phenolic substances with high antioxidant properties. Tsalenjikha green tea was selected for the experimental study. Three types of extracts were chosen: deionized water, ethanol and a mixture of ethanol and water (1:1 ratio). The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Chocalteu reagent and antioxidant activity by the FRAP method. The results indicate a high polyphenolic index in ethanol and water-ethanol extract. After that, two types of beverages were made by high antioxidant extracts and alcohol with strength 40O. The ratio was 1:4. After mixing, the antioxidant activity was determined in the prepared beverage and the observation of quantitative change continued for a week. Additionally, green tea extract gave different organoleptic properties to Vodka: changed color, aroma and taste according to the extracts.
{"title":"Flavoring Vodka Using Green Tea Extract","authors":"Elene Sordia, Levan Eliashvili, G. Kvartskhava","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"Tea is one of the most consumed beverages, second only to water worldwide. It stands out for its taste, aroma, and other benefits. Tea contains large amounts of phenolic substances with high antioxidant properties. Tsalenjikha green tea was selected for the experimental study. Three types of extracts were chosen: deionized water, ethanol and a mixture of ethanol and water (1:1 ratio). The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Chocalteu reagent and antioxidant activity by the FRAP method. The results indicate a high polyphenolic index in ethanol and water-ethanol extract. After that, two types of beverages were made by high antioxidant extracts and alcohol with strength 40O. The ratio was 1:4. After mixing, the antioxidant activity was determined in the prepared beverage and the observation of quantitative change continued for a week. Additionally, green tea extract gave different organoleptic properties to Vodka: changed color, aroma and taste according to the extracts.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76363223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-9-15
Luiza Qajaia, Neli Iluridze, Neli Gilauri
Azalea plant belongs to the Rhododendron family (Ericaceae), which includes approximately 130 species, about 20 of which are found in the Far East, Siberia and the Caucasus. It is a perennial plant and is distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, the mountains of East Asia and North America. Large massifs of the Azalea plant are found in the wild in Georgia, Ukraine and the Krasnodar Krai (Russian Federation). Plants of this species are rich in various natural compounds: flavonoids, tannins, pigments, toxins, triterpenoids, essential oils and others. The Azalea plant is investigated in order to receive the absolute oil and concrete from its flowers. The influence of solvent, time of flower gathering and flowers crowns components (stems, bowls) on concrete and absolute oil outcome and quality are investigated. According to the research, Azalea extraction is advised to be conducted with petrol in room temperature conditions (18-230C); Azalea flowers should be gathered in the first part of a day during the beginning of blooming period and massive blooming; Azalea flowers should be processed with the stems and bowls – entire raceme. The concrete yield from Azalea flowers in average is 0,33%, and absolute oil yield from concrete in average – 64,5%. The Azalea flower’s concrete organoleptic and physic-chemical properties are studied and it is established that concrete quality indexes totally satisfy concrete demands. Research results were taken into account while working out the Azalea flower processing technology.
{"title":"Techno-chemical Investigation of Azalea Flowers","authors":"Luiza Qajaia, Neli Iluridze, Neli Gilauri","doi":"10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-9-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-1-9-15","url":null,"abstract":"Azalea plant belongs to the Rhododendron family (Ericaceae), which includes approximately 130 species, about 20 of which are found in the Far East, Siberia and the Caucasus. It is a perennial plant and is distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, the mountains of East Asia and North America. Large massifs of the Azalea plant are found in the wild in Georgia, Ukraine and the Krasnodar Krai (Russian Federation). Plants of this species are rich in various natural compounds: flavonoids, tannins, pigments, toxins, triterpenoids, essential oils and others. The Azalea plant is investigated in order to receive the absolute oil and concrete from its flowers. The influence of solvent, time of flower gathering and flowers crowns components (stems, bowls) on concrete and absolute oil outcome and quality are investigated. According to the research, Azalea extraction is advised to be conducted with petrol in room temperature conditions (18-230C); Azalea flowers should be gathered in the first part of a day during the beginning of blooming period and massive blooming; Azalea flowers should be processed with the stems and bowls – entire raceme. The concrete yield from Azalea flowers in average is 0,33%, and absolute oil yield from concrete in average – 64,5%. The Azalea flower’s concrete organoleptic and physic-chemical properties are studied and it is established that concrete quality indexes totally satisfy concrete demands. Research results were taken into account while working out the Azalea flower processing technology.","PeriodicalId":23911,"journal":{"name":"Works of Georgian Technical University","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85436434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：