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Factors Influencing the Transformation of Banking Regulation and its Necessity in Modern Conditions 影响银行监管转型的因素及其在现代条件下的必要性
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-54-62
Goga Gelitashvili
The question of what factors influence the processes of transformation of banking regulation, as well as the need to transform banking regulation in modern conditions, has been little studied to date. There are two opposing views about the nature of the relationship between regulators and the banking sector: one is that regulators are dependent on the banking sector and that banks can influence the decisions made by the regulator. In the second case, regulators use the banking system to achieve their own goals. The factors influencing the transformation of banking regulation are analyzed, the need for transformation of banking regulation is substantiated and the need to strengthen the differentiation of regulatory regulation of banking institutions based on various indicators of their activities and the degree of risk is proposed. Summarizing the main provisions, it should be noted that the analysis of theories confirming the need for the development of banking regulation made it possible to reveal the content and systematize the main factors that have the most significant impact on transformation processes, and highlight the significance of the transformation of banking regulation.
关于影响银行监管转型进程的因素以及在现代条件下银行监管转型的必要性,迄今为止研究甚少。关于监管机构与银行业之间关系的性质,有两种截然相反的观点:一种观点认为,监管机构依赖于银行业,银行可以影响监管机构的决策。第二种情况是,监管机构利用银行系统来实现自己的目标。分析了影响银行业监管转型的因素,论证了银行业监管转型的必要性,提出了根据银行机构活动的各种指标和风险程度加强对银行机构差异化监管的必要性。在总结主要条款时,需要指出的是,通过对证实银行监管发展必要性的理论进行分析,可以揭示对转型过程影响最大的主要因素的内容并将其系统化,突出银行监管转型的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Energy Efficiency of Homemade Wood Stove 自制木柴炉的能源效率
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-157-169
Temur Mikiashvili, Omar Kighuradze, Baadur Chkhaidze
The results of the study of the energy effectiveness of wood stoves, which were obtained by the authors based on dozens of experiments and mathematical modeling are presented. It shows the advantages and disadvantages of wood-burning stoves with fireboxes internally covered by fire bricks versus typical stoves (without fire bricks) produced and widely distributed in Georgia. The necessity of using energy-efficient stoves in agrarian areas of the country is emphasized. According to the authors, the easiest way to increase the efficiency of stoves manufactured in Georgia and widely available to the population is to cover their combustion chambers (fireboxes) internally with thermally inertial material – fire bricks.
本文介绍了作者在数十次实验和数学建模的基础上得出的木柴炉能源效率研究结果。研究结果表明了内部有火砖覆盖的烧柴炉与格鲁吉亚生产并广泛销售的典型炉灶(无火砖)的优缺点。作者强调了在格鲁吉亚农业地区使用节能炉灶的必要性。作者认为,提高格鲁吉亚生产并广泛普及的炉灶效率的最简单方法是在其燃烧室(火箱)内部覆盖热惯性材料--耐火砖。
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引用次数: 0
The Main Historical Stages of the Evolution of China's Foreign Policy 中国外交政策演变的主要历史阶段
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-241-248
Tamar Mujiri
Formation and evolution of the foreign policy of the People's Republic of China is examined. The historical stages of China’s foreign policy and the dynamics of its interaction with the leading international actors is analyzed. During the seventy years of the PRC’s existence, four main stages of foreign policy have been distinguished. In particular, the revolutionary diplomacy of Mao Zedong, the development-oriented diplomacy of Deng Xiaoping and his strategy of Maintaining Low Profile continued by his successors Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, and finally, Xi Jinping’s the Major Country Diplomacy. The international, domestic and historical context of each stage is presented, the analysis of the evolution of China's relations with the key international actors is provided, and the concepts and guiding principles of China's modern foreign policy is examined, as well as its main course, priorities and goals.
研究了中华人民共和国外交政策的形成和演变。分析了中国外交政策的历史阶段及其与主要国际行为体互动的动态。中华人民共和国成立七十年来,外交政策经历了四个主要阶段。特别是毛泽东的革命外交、邓小平的发展型外交及其继任者江泽民和胡锦涛继续实施的低调战略,以及习近平的大国外交。本书介绍了每个阶段的国际、国内和历史背景,分析了中国与主要国际行为体关系的演变,探讨了中国现代外交政策的理念和指导原则,以及其主要路线、优先事项和目标。
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引用次数: 0
Drilling of Wells for the Extraction of Precious Metals in the Polymetallic Deposit of Bolnisi Municipality 在博尔尼西市多金属矿藏中钻井提取贵金属
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-189-201
Valeri Khitarishvili, Nino Jvarelia, Mzia Qitoshvili, Ilia Bezhuashvili
Wells for the extraction of precious metals at the poly deposit of Bolnisi municipality are drilled with EPIROC Christensen 140 Crawler Tier III and Atlas Copco Christensen CS 140 drilling rigs. In order to reduce the time required for lowering and removing the drill pipes and to remove the core qualitatively, without loss, and quickly, the Canadian detachable coring gun is used. Drilling wells is produced with CR-650 polymer powder (polyacrylamide) based drilling polymer solution, which, along with the removal of the drilled rock particles, lubricates and cools the drilling tools, and also prevents muds from hardening and, therefore, narrowing of the wellbore and jamming of the drill pipes. When drilling a well in fractured rock, a buffer solution is used to prevent absorption of the drilling fluid. The use of the above-mentioned modern methods has significantly improved the working time balance and technical-economic indicators of drilling.
在博尔尼西市的聚矿床开采贵金属的钻井使用的是 EPIROC Christensen 140 Crawler Tier III 和阿特拉斯-科普柯 Christensen CS 140 钻机。为了减少下放和取下钻杆所需的时间,并优质、无损、快速地取下岩心,使用了加拿大可拆卸岩心取样枪。钻井使用 CR-650 聚合物粉末(聚丙烯酰胺)为基础的钻井聚合物溶液,这种溶液在清除钻出的岩石颗粒的同时,还能润滑和冷却钻具,还能防止泥浆硬化,从而防止井筒变窄和卡住钻杆。在裂隙岩中钻井时,要使用缓冲溶液来防止钻井液被吸收。上述现代方法的使用大大改善了钻井的工作时间平衡和技术经济指标。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanisms for Granting the Authority to Operate Pharmacies 授予药房经营权的机制
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-224-232
Nana Shashiashvili, Tamar Tsintsadze, Mariam Bakradze, Khatuna Mishelashvili
Pharmacy is a crucial healthcare service that ensures access to safe and effective medicines for the population. As such, the regulation of pharmacy and the licensing of pharmacies and pharmacists is essential to ensure the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products and services. The regulatory body is responsible for issuing licenses and permits, conducting inspections, and enforcing laws and regulations related to pharmacy practice. A pharmacy license can have different meanings depending on the context, but generally speaking, a pharmacy license is a legal authorization granted by a government or regulatory agency that allows a pharmacy to operate within a particular jurisdiction. In some cases, the license may be tied to the physical location of the pharmacy, which means that if the pharmacy changes ownership, the license can be transferred automatically to the new owner, as long as the new owner meets all the other requirements for operating a pharmacy. In other cases, the license may be tied to the responsible pharmacist who manages the pharmacy, which means that if the responsible pharmacist changes, the license may need to be revoked and a new one issued to the new responsible pharmacist. To summarize, a pharmacy is a healthcare facility that provides services related to the distribution of medicines. Licensing requirements for pharmacies vary by country, but typically involve both a license for the physical location of the pharmacy and a license for the responsible pharmacist operating the pharmacy. These licenses may be subject to specific conditions and mechanisms for issuance and revocation, depending on the country's legal framework and other factors. Ultimately, the goal of pharmacy licensing is to ensure that patients have access to safe and effective medications, regardless of their geographic location or economic status.
药房是一项重要的医疗保健服务,可确保人们获得安全有效的药品。因此,对药房的监管以及药房和药剂师的许可对于确保药品和服务的质量与安全至关重要。监管机构负责发放执照和许可证、进行检查以及执行与药房执业相关的法律法规。根据不同的情况,药房执照有不同的含义,但一般来说,药房执照是由政府或监管机构授予的合法授权,允许药房在特定辖区内经营。在某些情况下,执照可能与药店的实际位置挂钩,这意味着如果药店的所有权发生变更,只要新的所有者满足经营药店的所有其他要求,执照就可以自动转让给新的所有者。在其他情况下,执照可能与管理药店的责任药剂师挂钩,这意味着如果责任药剂师更换,执照可能需要吊销,并向新的责任药剂师颁发新的执照。总而言之,药房是提供药品分销服务的医疗机构。各国对药房的许可要求不尽相同,但通常涉及药房实体场所的许可和经营药房的责任药剂师的许可。根据国家的法律框架和其他因素,这些许可证的发放和撤销可能会受到特定条件和机制的限制。药房执照的最终目的是确保患者能够获得安全有效的药物,无论其地理位置或经济状况如何。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of “Industry 4.0” on the Organization of Local Supply Chains 工业 4.0 "对本地供应链组织的影响
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-4-66-77
Archil Samadashvili, Nino Kvaraia
During the Covid-pandemic, the industry has faced serious challenges due to the risks arising in the management of supply chains. All this has put the need for supply chains (Supply Chains, SCs) and localization of industrial production on the agenda. The geopolitical location and level of economic development of our country offer enough opportunities to organize a Europe-oriented local supply chain hub in Georgia, which opens up completely new perspectives for the country's economic development, as well as creates a good basis for the country's political security and stability. The effective implementation of the mentioned idea requires the transformation of the relevant infrastructure and business models of enterprises, which allows for the reasonable use of entrepreneurial and technological opportunities of the fourth industrial revolution, or as it is called "Industry 4.0".
在 Covid 大流行期间,由于供应链管理中出现的风险,工业面临着严峻的挑战。所有这些都将供应链(Supply Chains,SCs)和工业生产本地化的需求提上了议事日程。我国的地缘政治位置和经济发展水平为在格鲁吉亚组织一个面向欧洲的本地供应链中心提供了足够的机会,这为国家的经济发展开辟了全新的前景,并为国家的政治安全和稳定奠定了良好的基础。要有效落实上述构想,就必须转变相关基础设施和企业的商业模式,从而合理利用第四次工业革命(或称 "工业 4.0")带来的创业和技术机遇。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Museum Education in the Process of Harmonious Personality Formation 博物馆教育在和谐人格形成过程中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-4-36-48
Naia Endeladze, Vanda Mujiri
Since the previous centuries, the educational role of museums has been increasing, which has become an important factor in the harmonious upbringing and formation of a person. Today, museum education assumes a new vision and approaches – ordinary excursions and viewing of museum exhibits in many countries no longer fulfill the functions of museum education. When working with adolescents, museums emphasize the development of their ability to see, observe, classify and generate information, and learn about the world. More and more attention is paid to active and interactive forms of cognition, wide use of modern technologies. All this requires serious resources and funding to ensure that museum education is fully coordinated and integrated with existing traditional education and to ensure the sustainability of the system of harmonious upbringing of new generations. Accordingly, mutual cooperation and coordination of state programs, public organizations, and private individuals are of vital importance, both in the mobilization of resources and finances, as well as in educational and scientific terms
自上世纪以来,博物馆的教育作用不断增强,已成为和谐育人的重要因素。如今,博物馆教育有了新的视野和方法--在许多国家,普通的游览和观看博物馆展品已不再能满足博物馆教育的功能。博物馆在对青少年开展工作时,强调培养他们观察、观察、分类和生成信息的能力,以及了解世界的能力。人们越来越重视主动和互动的认知形式以及现代技术的广泛应用。所有这一切都需要大量的资源和资金,以确保博物馆教育与现有的传统教育充分协调和融合,并确保和谐培养新一代的体系的可持续性。因此,国家计划、公共组织和个人之间的相互合作与协调,无论是在资源和资金的调动方面,还是在教育和科学方面,都是至关重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Formation of Sustainable Development of the City of Aghdam – Regional Center of the Revived Karabakh Zone of Azerbaijan 阿格达姆市可持续发展的形成--阿塞拜疆卡拉巴赫复兴区的地区中心
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-4-135-144
Ilgar Isbatov
The results of a study on the urban environment of Karabakh in the post-war period are presented. The purpose of the study is to develop promising methods for the development of Karabakh, considering all the characteristics of the city. Objective prerequisites for the formation of new models of residential buildings and multifunctional complexes have been identified. The article analyzes the development of the city's planning structure, its status, and specific features. Project proposals from various years and the current concept of city development is examined. Based on the approved modern concept for the development of Karabakh, the proposed models can effectively address the issue of housing development for the region's residents.
介绍了对战后卡拉巴赫城市环境的研究结果。研究的目的是在考虑到卡拉巴赫城市所有特点的情况下,为其发展制定有前途的方法。确定了形成新型住宅楼和多功能综合体的客观前提条件。文章分析了城市规划结构的发展、现状和具体特点。研究了不同年份的项目建议和当前的城市发展概念。根据已批准的卡拉巴赫现代发展概念,所提议的模式可以有效解决该地区居民的住房发展问题。
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引用次数: 0
Transformable Pantographic Structures Built on Surfaces with Different Curvatures 建立在不同曲率表面上的可变形幻影结构
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-4-107-122
Elguja Medzmariashvili
The possibilities to design expandable-foldable structures on various curvature surfaces are considered in the given paper. The presented geometrical layouts are unfolding structures with closed and open contours. The transformable designs are made by an interconnected set of elementary pantographic structure. The elementary transformable structure consists of two levers connected by a transverse cylindrical joint. The considered designs of transformable structures can be effectively used in space structures, in particular deployable space reflectors, also in ground-based transformable structures.
本文考虑了在各种曲率表面上设计可扩展折叠结构的可能性。所介绍的几何布局是具有封闭和开放轮廓的展开结构。可变换设计由一组相互连接的基本泛影结构构成。基本可变换结构由两个通过横向圆柱形接头连接的杠杆组成。所考虑的可变换结构设计可有效用于空间结构,特别是可部署的空间反射器,也可用于地面可变换结构。
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引用次数: 0
Technology of the Georgian Artisanal Tenili Cheese – State of the Issue and Prospects of its Production 格鲁吉亚手工特尼里奶酪技术--问题现状和生产前景
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2023-4-26-35
Nino Nadirashvili
Different types of cheese have been made in Georgia since ancient times. Unique artisanal tenili cheese is made in Southern Georgia. There is no exact analogue of the tenili cheese in the world. The technology of tenili cheese making based on the study of ethnographic literature and description of local population is presented. Nowadays tenili cheese is made in two different ways. Main differences between them are fat content of used milk, liquid where hand processing of cheese mass is occurring, and utensil for ripening. The research confirmed necessity to study tenili cheese’s microbiological, chemical and sensory characteristics to evaluate significance and impact of each technological step on final product and to access consumer acceptance. Products with Geographical indication are in high demand and play an essential role in the regional development. Obtained results will disseminate awareness about tenili cheese not only in Georgia, but also in the world.
格鲁吉亚自古以来就制作不同类型的奶酪。独特的手工特尼里奶酪产自格鲁吉亚南部。世界上没有与 tenili 奶酪完全相似的奶酪。根据对人种学文献的研究和当地居民的描述,介绍了特尼里奶酪的制作技术。如今,特尼里奶酪有两种不同的制作方法。它们之间的主要区别在于所用牛奶的脂肪含量、手工加工奶酪块的液体和成熟用具。研究证实,有必要对特尼里奶酪的微生物、化学和感官特性进行研究,以评估每个技术步骤对最终产品的意义和影响,并获得消费者的认可。具有地理标志的产品需求量很大,在地区发展中发挥着重要作用。所取得的成果将不仅在格鲁吉亚,而且在全世界提高人们对特尼里奶酪的认识。
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引用次数: 0
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Works of Georgian Technical University
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