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Thermodynamic Analysis of Possible Processes Suring CO2 Adsorption with Natural Resourcebased Sorbents 利用基于自然资源的吸附剂吸附二氧化碳的可能过程的热力学分析
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-97-107
Vladimer Gordeladze, Manana Kekelidze, Nino Mukhadgverdeli
This research paper examines the potential mechanisms involved in the adsorption of carbon dioxide using sorbents derived from the natural resources found in Georgia (with a primary focus on zeolite-based materials). A succinct characterization of zeolites obtained from the Dzegvi deposit is provided, along with the presentation of the average chemical composition of the collected samples. The study identifies three distinct series of reactions for in-depth investigation. According to the referenced sources, the standard molar values of the thermodynamic properties of the substances involved in the reaction are sought. The Gibbs free energy minimization method is employed to ascertain both the magnitudes and directions of the free energy changes and equilibrium constants for the proposed reactions within the temperature range spanning 400 to 1200 Kelvin. Their temperature dependence is expressed graphically. Reactions are evaluated based on thermodynamic point of view.
本研究论文探讨了利用从格鲁吉亚自然资源中提取的吸附剂(主要侧重于沸石材料)吸附二氧化碳的潜在机制。论文简要描述了从 Dzegvi 矿床获得的沸石的特征,并介绍了所收集样本的平均化学成分。研究确定了三个不同的反应系列,供深入研究。根据参考资料,研究人员寻求了参与反应的物质的热力学性质的标准摩尔值。采用吉布斯自由能最小化方法来确定拟议反应在 400 至 1200 开尔文温度范围内的自由能变化和平衡常数的大小和方向。它们与温度的关系用图表表示。根据热力学观点对反应进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
Evolutionary Constructor of Connectivity in Systems Formation 系统形成过程中连接性的进化构造器
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-121-143
S. Dadunashvili
The hypothesis about the possibility of different types of being has always served as a fruitful source for constructing various models. The latest scientific results on combining the results of information theory with the achievements of physics provide a reasoned justification for the hypothesis under consideration. In this article, being and other being are considered as the basis for constructing the Universe on the basis of the identity of opposites of such categories as “essence – phenomenon”, “form – content” and “continuity – discreteness”. Research on the scale of the quantum and nano ranges allows us to come to the construction of rational designs for the possible basis of objective reality. It is the general principle that gives all things and phenomena of such reality an interconnected, including synchronous, character.
关于存在不同类型可能性的假设一直是构建各种模型的丰硕源泉。将信息论成果与物理学成就相结合的最新科学成果,为我们正在考虑的假设提供了合理的依据。本文认为,"存在 "和 "其他存在 "是根据 "本质-现象"、"形式-内容 "和 "连续性-离散性 "等范畴的对立统一来构建宇宙的基础。对量子和纳米范围的研究使我们能够为客观现实的可能基础构建合理的设计。它是赋予这种现实的所有事物和现象以相互联系(包括同步)特性的一般原则。
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引用次数: 0
Thermodynamic Prediction of Expected Processes in the Dispersed System Flue Gas - Clinoptilolite in the Process of CO2 Capture 二氧化碳捕集过程中分散系统烟气-霞石预期过程的热力学预测
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-84-96
Rajden Skhvitaridze, Irakli Giorgadze, Nino Mukhadgverdeli, Vladimer Gordeladze, Nazibrola Kutsiava
CO2 generated in production processes and emitted into the atmosphere with flue gases is the cause of the greenhouse effect and negative processes of global climate change towards warming. Therefore, prevention of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere is the research topic of the article. CCUS type climate change mitigation projects are being developed in Georgia, where natural zeolite mineral containing clinoptilolite, Khekordzula tuff is a sorbent for CO2 capture. Its formation enthalpy (ΔfH0 298), Gibbs free energy (ΔfG0 298), and entropy (ΔfS 0 298) have not been studied, also temperatures of its thermal dehydration, CO2 adsorption, expected chemisorption and other thermodynamic quantities. It was determined: Enthalpy of clinoptilolite tuff formation (ΔfH0 298=-39826 kJ/mol), Gibbs free energy (ΔfG0 298=-36735 kJ/mol), entropy (ΔfS 0 298=-10.37 kJ/K-mol); Temperatures of dehydration (94.800C), CO2 capture using it (physical-96.5700C), start of chemo-sorption (95.2400C) and pressure corresponding to these temperatures (745, 636, 534) mm Hg. Tuff can be successfully used for CCUS from flue gases.
在生产过程中产生并随烟气排放到大气中的二氧化碳是造成温室效应和全球气候变化变暖的负面过程的原因。因此,防止二氧化碳排放到大气中是本文的研究课题。格鲁吉亚正在开发 CCUS 类型的气候变化减缓项目,其中含有鳞沸石的天然沸石矿物 Khekordzula 凝灰岩是捕获二氧化碳的吸附剂。对其形成焓(ΔfH0 298)、吉布斯自由能(ΔfG0 298)和熵(ΔfS 0 298)以及热脱水温度、二氧化碳吸附温度、预期化学吸附温度和其他热力学量尚未进行研究。研究结果如下霞石凝灰岩形成焓(ΔfH0 298=-39826 kJ/mol)、吉布斯自由能(ΔfG0 298=-36735 kJ/mol)、熵(ΔfS 0 298=-10.37 kJ/K-mol);脱水温度(94.800摄氏度)、利用其捕获二氧化碳的温度(物理温度-96.5700摄氏度)、开始化学吸附的温度(95.2400摄氏度)以及与这些温度相对应的压力(745、636、534)毫米汞柱。凝灰岩可成功用于烟道气中的 CCUS。
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引用次数: 0
The System of Quantitative Risk Assessment Indicators and Their Economic Efficiency Assessment Methods 定量风险评估指标体系及其经济效益评估方法
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-63-68
Anzor Abralava
The mathematical models of the company's optimal risk management mechanism ensure the maximum efficiency of the activity at the level of risk acceptable to the enterprise. Classification of risks into operational risk and interest risk is given. One of the possible options for determining the tasks of optimal planning of the enterprise is presented, which includes restrictions on the values of operational effect (OE) (OR). The OE (two) indicator is considered as a limitation, the normative value of which can be considered as a given value during planning. It is a multidimensional linear optimal planning problem with linear constraints. Its size is determined by the number of product types in the enterprise. We have formulated original economic-mathematical models of the distribution type, which are used to create the optimal production plan of the enterprise. In order to minimize the interest risk, we have used the duration indicator analysis method. Duration represents the elasticity of the price of a financial instrument (in this case the present value of a stream of payments) with respect to the interest rate (discount rate) and is therefore a measure of the risk of the price of the instrument changing when the interest rate changes.
公司最佳风险管理机制的数学模型确保在企业可接受的风险水平上实现活动的最大效率。风险分为运营风险和利息风险。提出了确定企业优化规划任务的可能方案之一,其中包括对运营效果(OE)(OR)值的限制。OE(二)指标被视为一种限制,其规范值可视为规划期间的给定值。这是一个具有线性约束条件的多维线性优化规划问题。其规模由企业的产品类型数量决定。我们制定了独创的分销类型经济数学模型,用于制定企业的最优生产计划。为了最大限度地降低利息风险,我们采用了期限指标分析法。期限表示金融工具的价格(这里指付款流的现值)相对于利率(贴现率)的弹性,因此是衡量利率变化时金融工具价格变化风险的一个指标。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of Epicycloid Mechanism Dynamics 研究 "外旋涡 "机制动力学
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-176-181
David Tavkhelidze, Z. Mchedlishvili, Zurab Tsitskishvili
A dynamic analysis of a planetary mechanism with a satellite in external engagement is presented, where the central wheel is fixed. The trajectory of a driven link of such type of mechanism allows it to use it in machines, which provides technological processes where the executive or output link carries out pulsating motion which is required during of stop of the driven link. Mechanisms of this type mainly are used in the textile industry, where the processing of a material requires the actuator to be able to make minor fluctuations with respect to the temporal position. Here mentioned, determines the necessity of solution not only problems of kinematics but also here given system’s dynamic analysis, which would be used during design of such epicycloid mechanisms. Based on the mentioned, below is given the methodology of calculation of dynamic parameters of epicycloid mechanism
本文介绍了一种带有外部啮合卫星的行星机构的动态分析,该机构的中心轮是固定的。这种机构的从动链路的轨迹使其可以用于机器中,提供执行或输出链路进行脉动运动的技术流程,在从动链路停止时需要脉动运动。这种类型的机构主要用于纺织工业,在该行业中,材料的加工要求执行器能够相对于时间位置进行微小的波动。因此,不仅需要解决运动学问题,还需要对系统进行动态分析,以便在设计此类外球面机构时使用。根据上述内容,下面给出了表旋机构动态参数的计算方法
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引用次数: 0
Fundamentals of Ergonomics and Management 人体工程学与管理基础
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-75-83
Nato Kiknadze, Nana Kiknadze
The scientific basis of the origin and development of ergonomics and the important role that workplace arrangement plays in the effective work of employees is discussed. The necessity and importance of using knowledge in the field of science and ergonomics for labor’s safety and health, as well as for achieving high productivity in enterprises is reviewed.
论述了人体工程学起源和发展的科学基础,以及工作场所安排对员工有效工作的重要作用。回顾了利用科学和人体工程学领域的知识促进劳动安全和健康以及实现企业高生产率的必要性和重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Piston Air Cooling Device 活塞空气冷却装置
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-211-217
Tamaz Isakadze, Zurab Lazarashvili, Givi Gugulashvili
Many thermal processes are widely used in food production, as a result of which the finished products or semi-finished products need to be cooled. Of the means used for rapid cooling required by production, the use of chilled air is the most acceptable for food products. The currently used methods and devices for air cooling are characterized by a complex design, significant material and energy costs. In order to reduce the mentioned costs, the principle scheme of a simple air cooling device has been worked out, the operation of which is based on the process of cooling the air as a result of adiabatic gas expansion in the cylinder. The device has a simple design and low costs for manufacturing and operation.
食品生产中广泛使用许多热加工工艺,因此需要对成品或半成品进行冷却。在生产所需的快速冷却手段中,使用冷空气是食品生产中最容易接受的。目前使用的空气冷却方法和装置设计复杂,材料和能源成本高昂。为了降低上述成本,我们研究出了一种简单空气冷却装置的原理方案,其工作原理是通过气缸中气体的绝热膨胀来冷却空气。该装置设计简单,制造和运行成本低。
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引用次数: 0
Ninotsminda Oil and Gas Field Development Through the Methods of Hydrodynamic Impact on the Formation 通过地层水动力影响方法开发尼诺茨明达油气田
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-144-156
Giorgi Durglishvili, M. Sharikadze
Ninotsminda oil-and-gas bearing deposit connected with the fractured-cavernous reservoirs of the Middle Eocene volcanogenic-sedimentary suite is in its final, 4th stage of development (operates since 1979). Its energy potential is determined by water drive and gas drive regimes. The main of the prevailing issues is the rapid pace and the scale of production becoming water-cut. Productive suite, that is mainly built with tuff, is anisotropic due to numerous parameters. Respectively, intervals and sections with high and low-filtration properties are identified in the geological cross-section. In addition, the producer well coverage is not dense enough and undeveloped oil-bearing zones (lenses) remain in the spaces between the wells. All of the above indicates that the field is unevenly developed, and certain oil reserves are remaining there. In the period of 2000-2006 and since 2015 the methods of horizontal well drilling and injection of technical water into the productive layer were applied to increase the oil recovery factor. In the result, production (oil and gas) noticeably increased. Application of the complex hydrodynamic methods in the future will enable us to significantly increase the remaining oil production from the stratigraphically lower, water-cut horizons of the productive suite.
与中始新世火山成因-沉积岩组断裂-洞穴储层相连的尼诺茨明达含油气矿床正处于开发的最后第四阶段(1979 年开始运行)。其能源潜力由水驱和气驱机制决定。目前的主要问题是水力开采的速度快、规模大。主要由凝灰岩构成的产状受多种参数的影响而各向异性。因此,在地质横断面上可以确定具有高过滤性和低过滤性的区间和区段。此外,生产井的覆盖范围不够密集,油井之间的空隙中仍存在未开发的含油带(透镜状)。所有这些都表明,油田开发不均衡,仍有一定的石油储量。2000-2006 年期间以及 2015 年以来,为提高石油采收率,采用了水平钻井和向生产层注入技术用水的方法。结果,产量(石油和天然气)明显增加。未来,复杂流体力学方法的应用将使我们能够大幅提高生产层中地层较低、水切割地层的剩余石油产量。
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引用次数: 0
Oscillating Dryer 摆动式干燥机
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-202-210
Tamaz Isakadze, Givi Goletiani, Givi Gugulashvili
Based on the analysis of the drying process, it was shown that it is better to dry food raw materials in an oscillating mode, which will take into account the changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the product at different stages of drying. A schematic diagram of a new device for drying bulk food products is presented, in which the friction of the product with the working elements of the device is reduced to a minimum and drying is carried out under conditions of a suspended state of particles in the flow of the working agent. In accordance with the different stages of the drying process, each stage is carried out with the optimal parameters for this stage (temperature, humidity, speed) of the working agent. This ensures maximum preservation of the quality indicators of raw materials during drying, and also reduces the energy costs for the preparation of the working agent.
根据对干燥过程的分析表明,最好以振荡方式干燥食品原料,这将考虑到产品在不同干燥阶段的物理和机械性能变化。图中展示了一种用于干燥散装食品的新型设备的示意图,在这种设备中,产品与设备工作元件的摩擦减小到最低程度,干燥是在工作剂流动中颗粒处于悬浮状态的条件下进行的。根据干燥过程的不同阶段,每个阶段都使用工作剂的最佳参数(温度、湿度、速度)。这样就能确保在干燥过程中最大限度地保持原料的质量指标,同时还能降低制备工作剂的能源成本。
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引用次数: 0
Prospects for the IMEC Against the Backdrop of Security Threats in the Middle East and the Existence of the Competing BRI Initiative 在中东安全威胁和 "金砖倡议 "相互竞争的背景下 IMEC 的前景
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.36073/1512-0996-2024-1-249-266
Zviad Tkabladze
The appearance of “India - Middle East - Europe Economic Corridor” (IMEC) is not accidental. On the one hand, this is the desire of the United States of America in the new context of the existence and development of a multipolar world, to create a basis for maintaining its influence in the Middle East, on the other hand – to create a system under its auspices that can withstand the growing power of China and its “One Belt One Road” (BRI). The purpose of this transport trade and economic corridor is to stimulate economic integration between Asia, the Persian Gulf and Europe. The planned corridor will connect India, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the State of Israel and the European Union through seaports and rail routes to make trade faster and cheaper, and develop economic cooperation and digital connectivity in the region. Despite the potential for significant economic and strategic benefits, the project faces a number of challenges and risks. Among them are interstate tensions, geopolitical rivalries and security threats, among others, especially the beginning of a new conflict in the Middle East.
印度-中东-欧洲经济走廊"(IMEC)的出现并非偶然。一方面,这是美国希望在多极世界存在和发展的新形势下,为保持其在中东的影响力奠定基础;另一方面,这也是美国希望在其主持下建立一个能够抵御中国及其 "一带一路"(BRI)日益增长的力量的体系。这条运输贸易和经济走廊的目的是促进亚洲、波斯湾和欧洲之间的经济一体化。计划中的走廊将通过海港和铁路连接印度、沙特阿拉伯王国、阿拉伯联合酋长国、约旦哈希姆王国、以色列国和欧盟,使贸易更加快捷和便宜,并发展该地区的经济合作和数字连接。尽管该项目有可能带来巨大的经济和战略利益,但也面临着一些挑战和风险。其中包括国家间的紧张关系、地缘政治竞争和安全威胁等,特别是中东新冲突的开始。
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引用次数: 0
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Works of Georgian Technical University
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