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POSSIBILITIES OF USE OF IMMUNE MODULATORS IN COMPLEX THERAPY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIAS 免疫调节剂在社区获得性肺炎综合治疗中的应用可能性
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-101-111
E. S. Korovkina, M. Kostinov, S. Kazharova
Внебольничная пневмония (ВП) была и остается одной из актуальных проблем здра­ воохранения в связи с сохраняющейся высокой заболеваемостью и смертностью. При анализе литературных данных выявляются схожие тенденции в характере иммунного от­ вета пациентов с ВП, а именно формирование иммунного ответа по гуморальному пути (ТЬ2) с подавлением клеточного ответа (ТЫ), при этом недостаточность клеточного и гуморального механизмов иммунитета и дисбаланс цитокинового звена определяют тя­ жесть течения данного заболевания. Включение в традиционную терапию иммуномоду­ лирующих препаратов позволяет усилить ответ на уже проводимое лечение. Одним из отечественных иммуномодуляторов является препарат азоксимера бромид (полиоксиданий), назначение которого помогает сократить продолжительность итяжестьзаболевания, а также снизить частоту развития затяжных форм заболевания. Также в последние годы среди иммуномодулирующих препаратов особый интерес вызывают иммуномодуляторы бактериального происхождения, на основе которых конструируются антибактериальные терапевтические вакцины. Среди отечественных препаратов указанной группы выделя­ ется поликомпонентная вакцина Иммуновак ВП-4. За прошедшие годы клинико­ иммунологический эффект действия Иммуновак ВП-4 исследован при разных патологи­ ях и методах введения у взрослых и детей. Выявленные особенности действия Иммуновак ВП-4 подтверждают первичность нарушений иммунной системы, на фоне чего развива­ ется та или иная патология, что является основанием для включения в базисную терапию заболеваний иммуномодулирующих препаратов.
非医院性肺炎(pvc)是和仍然是由于持续的高危疾病和死亡率而存在的环境保护问题之一。文献分析显示,患者免疫系统(t2)的特征中也有类似的趋势,即在抑制细胞反应(t2)时产生免疫反应,而细胞和细胞免疫机制缺乏和细胞发育不平衡决定了疾病的流动。将免疫时尚药物纳入传统疗法有助于加强对已经进行的治疗的反应。国内的一种免疫调制器是一种叫做氮化溴(多氧化剂)的药物,其作用是减少疾病的持续时间和传播频率。近年来,免疫调制剂特别感兴趣的是细菌原生免疫调制器,它制造了抗菌疫苗。在国内的药物中,pvp -4免疫疫苗是一种多元化疫苗。在过去的几年里,针对成人和儿童的不同病理和治疗方法研究了vp -4的临床免疫效应。vp -4免疫系统的暴露特征证实了免疫系统紊乱的根本性质,从而发展出一种或另一种病理,这是免疫调节疾病疾病的基础治疗的基础。
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引用次数: 4
YOUNG AGE CHILDREN WITH INTESTINE DYSBIOSIS AS CARRIERS OF ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI 肠道菌群失调的幼儿为肠聚集性大肠杆菌携带者
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-54-58
M. Makarova, L. Suzhaeva, L. Kaftyreva
Aim. Study the prevalence of diarrhea-genic E. coli of the enteroaggregative group in children with intestine dysbiosis. Materials and methods. PCR method was used to study virulence factors in 511 strains of E. coli isolated during bacteriologic study of feces samples from 393 children aged less than 2 years. Sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by disc-diffusion method, results interpretation - according to clinical recommendations Determination of sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial preparations, 2015. Results. 23 enteroaggregative E. coli strains were identified (EAggEC). All the strains had aaf gene coding aggregative-adhesion fimbriae and 4 other genes (aggR, ast, aap, aatA) in various combinations coding virulence factors EAggEC. 19 strains (87%) were not sensitive to antimicrobial preparations. Resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins was determined by the production of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of CTX-M genetic family and AmpC cephalosporinase. Conclusion. Results of the study have shown that 6% of children with intestine dysbiosis are EAggEC carriers, that gives evidence on the necessity of detection of EAggEC strains - a novel group of diarrhea-genic E. coli not only in patients with diarrhea syndrome, but also using intestine dysbiosis.
的目标。研究肠道生态失调患儿肠聚集组致泻性大肠杆菌的流行情况。材料和方法。采用PCR方法对393例2岁以下儿童粪便中分离的511株大肠杆菌的毒力因子进行了研究。采用圆盘扩散法测定抗菌药物敏感性,结果解释-按临床推荐进行。微生物对抗菌制剂敏感性测定,2015。结果:共检出23株肠聚集性大肠杆菌(EAggEC)。所有菌株均有aaf基因编码聚集粘附菌毛,另外4个基因(aggR、ast、aap、aatA)以不同组合编码毒力因子EAggEC。19株(87%)对抗菌药物不敏感。通过检测CTX-M遗传家族的扩展谱β -内酰胺酶(ESBL)和AmpC类头孢菌素酶的产生来确定对扩展谱头孢菌素的耐药性。结论。该研究结果表明,6%的肠道生态失调儿童是EAggEC携带者,这证明了不仅在腹泻综合征患者中检测EAggEC菌株,而且在肠道生态失调患者中检测EAggEC菌株的必要性。
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引用次数: 1
BIODIVERSITY AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENIC ENTEROBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM SURFACE RESERVOIRS OF ROSTOV-ON-DON 顿河畔罗斯托夫地表水库分离的条件致病性肠杆菌的生物多样性和抗生素耐药性
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-17-23
A. Trishina, E. Bereznyak, I. Simonova, L. M. Verkina, A. Bereznyak, M. V. Poleeva
Aim. Study biodiversity, sensitivity/resistance to antibacterial preparation (ABP) of opportunistic microorganisms of Enterobacteriaceae family isolated from surface reservoirs of Rostov-on-Don in 2014 - 2016. Materials and methods. Determination of genus and species membership of enterobacteria was carried out by the results of a complex of biochemical tests using MALDI Biotyper program-apparatus unit. Sensitivity to ABP was determined by serial dilution method. Results. 468 strains of opportunistic and pathogenic enterobacteria were isolated during the study. 20 genera, 33 species of microorganisms were identified. (37.0%), Klebsiella (13.2%), Citrobacter (8.0%) predominated. 8.5% of the strains isolated in 2014 were sensitive to ABP, 5.2% - in 2015; strains sensitive to ABP were not detected in 2016. The number of polyresistant isolates has increased during the last 3 years: 40.7% strains in 2014,60.1 % in 2015. 80,0% in 2016. Ceftriaxone, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin had high activity against the isolated enterobacteria. The highest resistance was documented against ampicillin, nalidixic acid, nitro-furane, co-trimoxazole. Conclusion. The data obtained allow to evaluate the dynamics of increase of polyresistant strains of enterobacteria isolated from surface reservoirs.
的目标。研究2014 - 2016年从顿河畔罗斯托夫地表水库分离的肠杆菌科机会微生物的生物多样性及对抗菌制剂(ABP)的敏感性/耐药性。材料和方法。利用MALDI Biotyper程序-仪器单元进行复杂的生化试验,确定肠杆菌属和种成员。采用串联稀释法测定对ABP的敏感性。结果:共分离到机会致病性肠杆菌468株。鉴定出微生物20属33种。以克雷伯菌(37.0%)、柠檬酸杆菌(8.0%)为主。2014年分离株对ABP敏感的为8.5%,2015年为5.2%;2016年未检出对ABP敏感的菌株。在过去3年中,多耐药菌株的数量有所增加:2014年为40.7%,2015年为60.1%。2016年为80%。头孢曲松、庆大霉素和环丙沙星对分离的肠杆菌有较高的抑菌活性。最高的耐药是氨苄西林,萘啶酸,硝基呋喃,复方新诺明。结论。获得的数据允许评估从地表水库分离的肠杆菌多耐药菌株的增加动态。
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引用次数: 4
FEATURES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE DURING VARIOUS SCHEMES OF USE OF BACTERIAL THERAPEUTIC VACCINE IMMUNOVAC VP-4 不同方案使用细菌治疗性疫苗immunovac vp-4时的免疫反应特征
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-23-30
Krasnoproshina Li, T. Serova, E. P. Foshina, I. V. Bisheva, Skhodova Sa
Aim. Study the dynamics of immunologic parameters in patients with chronic bacterial infec­ tions during various schemes of administration of Immunovac VP-4 vaccine. Materials and meth­ ods. Parameters of systemic immunity and levels of specific antibodies of various isotypes in blood sera and saliva against vaccine antigens of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were evaluated in patients (20 individuals, 18 — 50 years of age) distributed into 2 groups by vaccine administration type twice (before and 0,5 — 1,5 months after vaccine therapy course). Results. Local vaccination resulted in an increase of only IgA levels in saliva and both bacterial antigens, whereas parameters of systemic immunity before and after vaccination did not differ. Subcutaneous vaccination increased the level of sera antibodies of A- and G- isotypes against both bacterial antigens, normalized the decreased level of CD8+ lymphocytes and an increased value of the im­ mune regulating index; a tendency of increase of the percentage of CD3+ T-cells and reduction of the percentage of CD4+ T-helpers was observed. Conclusion. An optimal scheme of a combined vaccine therapy should be developed to obtain a complex effect, that would allow to simultane­ ously reach long-term local and systemic antibacterial immunity, as well as show immune modu­ lating effect regarding cell compartment.
的目标。研究不同给药方案对慢性细菌感染患者免疫参数的影响。材料和方法。对20例患者(18 ~ 50岁)按接种类型分为2组(接种前和接种后0、5 ~ 1、5个月),分别进行了金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌疫苗抗原的全身免疫参数及血清和唾液中各种同型特异性抗体水平的测定。结果。局部疫苗接种只导致唾液和两种细菌抗原中的IgA水平升高,而接种前后的全身免疫参数没有差异。皮下接种可提高血清A-和G-两种细菌抗原的抗体水平,使CD8+淋巴细胞水平下降和免疫调节指数升高正常化;观察到CD3+ t细胞百分比增加和CD4+ t辅助细胞百分比降低的趋势。结论。应制定一种最佳的联合疫苗治疗方案,以获得复杂的效果,既能同时达到长期的局部和全身抗菌免疫,又能显示出对细胞室的免疫调节作用。
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引用次数: 2
PROBLEMS OF FINAL PHASE POLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION PROGRAMME 消灭脊髓灰质炎规划最后阶段的问题
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-75-81
O. P. Chernyavskaya, N. Briko
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引用次数: 0
DETECTION OF MARKERS OF HERPES VIRUS INFECTION AND PNEUMOCYSTOSIS IN CHILDREN FROM HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS hiv感染母亲所生儿童疱疹病毒感染和肺囊虫病标志物的检测
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-67-74
P. A. Savinkov, Rybalkina Tn, N. Karazhas, R. E. Boshyan, M. Kalugina, Kornienko Mn, E. Rusakova, E. Burmistrov, I. Soldatova
Aim. Study the role of herpes viruses and pneumocystis in infectious complications in children from HIV-infected mothers. Materials and methods. Sera and blood cells from 59 children from HIV-infected mothers were studied for the presence of various markers of herpes virus infections and pneumocystosis by a complex of methods of modem laboratory diagnostics. Results. Frequency of detection of markers of herpes virus infection was from 10% for chicken pox in children with non-final HIV test to 93% for herpes simplex virus in HIV-infected children from closed organized groups. Signs of active infection in children with laboratory confirmed HIV infection were diag­ nosed 2.5 times more frequently for HSV infection and chicken pox and 1.8 times more fre­ quently for HHV-6 and pneumocystis than in children with non-final HIV test. Markers of various disease stages with opportunistic infections (01) were detected in children with confirmed HIV-infection: primary acute and latent forms of the infection, reactivation, reconvalescence, where­ as in children with non-final HIV test maternal antibodies against herpes virus and pneumocystis predominated. Markers of active infections excluding HSV and HHV-6 were more frequently detected in children from families than in children from closed organized groups. Conclusion. The feature detected—a lower percentage of detection of markers of active forms of 01 in HIV-infected children from social institutions — is determined by the fact that observation of these children is carried out by medical personnel that have the knowledge and experience of prophylaxis of infec­ tious complications in HIV-infected children, whereas quality anti-epidemic regimen is fre­ quently not maintained regarding home children with HIV infection. Another factor facilitating spread of opportunistic infections is the asocial lifestyle of most of the examined families. These data dictate the necessity of enhancement of anti-epidemic regimen and prophylaxis of oppor­ tunistic infections in family loci. Not only HIV-infected children, but also all the family members should be examined for markers of herpes virus infection and pneumocystosis in order to detect sources of the infection and timely execution of the prophylaxis measures.
的目标。研究疱疹病毒和肺囊虫在艾滋病毒感染母亲所生儿童感染并发症中的作用。材料和方法。本文采用现代实验室诊断的综合方法,对59名艾滋病毒感染母亲所生儿童的血清和血细胞中各种疱疹病毒感染和肺囊虫病标志物的存在进行了研究。结果。疱疹病毒感染标志物的检出率从非最终HIV检测水痘儿童的10%到封闭组织中HIV感染儿童的单纯疱疹病毒检出率的93%。实验室确诊的HIV感染儿童出现活动性感染迹象的频率为HSV感染和水痘的2.5倍,HHV-6和肺囊虫病的频率为非最终HIV检测儿童的1.8倍。在确诊的艾滋病毒感染儿童中检测到各种疾病阶段的机会性感染标志物(01):原发性急性和潜伏型感染、再激活、康复,其中,在非最终艾滋病毒检测儿童中,抗疱疹病毒和肺囊虫的母体抗体占主导地位。除HSV和HHV-6外的活动性感染标志物在家庭儿童中比在封闭组织群体中更常见。结论。在社会机构感染艾滋病毒的儿童中检测到01型活动性标记物的比例较低,这一特征是由以下事实决定的:对这些儿童的观察是由具有预防艾滋病毒感染儿童感染并发症的知识和经验的医务人员进行的,而对家庭感染艾滋病毒的儿童往往没有维持高质量的抗流行病方案。促进机会性感染传播的另一个因素是大多数被检查家庭的非社会生活方式。这些数据表明,有必要加强抗流行病方案和预防家庭位点的机会性感染。不仅是感染艾滋病毒的儿童,而且所有家庭成员都应进行疱疹病毒感染和肺囊虫病标志物的检查,以便发现感染源,及时实施预防措施。
{"title":"DETECTION OF MARKERS OF HERPES VIRUS INFECTION AND PNEUMOCYSTOSIS IN CHILDREN FROM HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS","authors":"P. A. Savinkov, Rybalkina Tn, N. Karazhas, R. E. Boshyan, M. Kalugina, Kornienko Mn, E. Rusakova, E. Burmistrov, I. Soldatova","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study the role of herpes viruses and pneumocystis in infectious complications in children from HIV-infected mothers. Materials and methods. Sera and blood cells from 59 children from HIV-infected mothers were studied for the presence of various markers of herpes virus infections and pneumocystosis by a complex of methods of modem laboratory diagnostics. Results. Frequency of detection of markers of herpes virus infection was from 10% for chicken pox in children with non-final HIV test to 93% for herpes simplex virus in HIV-infected children from closed organized groups. Signs of active infection in children with laboratory confirmed HIV infection were diag­ nosed 2.5 times more frequently for HSV infection and chicken pox and 1.8 times more fre­ quently for HHV-6 and pneumocystis than in children with non-final HIV test. Markers of various disease stages with opportunistic infections (01) were detected in children with confirmed HIV-infection: primary acute and latent forms of the infection, reactivation, reconvalescence, where­ as in children with non-final HIV test maternal antibodies against herpes virus and pneumocystis predominated. Markers of active infections excluding HSV and HHV-6 were more frequently detected in children from families than in children from closed organized groups. Conclusion. The feature detected—a lower percentage of detection of markers of active forms of 01 in HIV-infected children from social institutions — is determined by the fact that observation of these children is carried out by medical personnel that have the knowledge and experience of prophylaxis of infec­ tious complications in HIV-infected children, whereas quality anti-epidemic regimen is fre­ quently not maintained regarding home children with HIV infection. Another factor facilitating spread of opportunistic infections is the asocial lifestyle of most of the examined families. These data dictate the necessity of enhancement of anti-epidemic regimen and prophylaxis of oppor­ tunistic infections in family loci. Not only HIV-infected children, but also all the family members should be examined for markers of herpes virus infection and pneumocystosis in order to detect sources of the infection and timely execution of the prophylaxis measures.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"9 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82323630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
АНТИГЕНЫ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ СТРУКТУР HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE КАК ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ КАНДИДАТ-ВАКЦИНЫ HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE表面结构的抗原作为潜在的疫苗候选人。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-82-90
Н. Н. Овенко, Н. Е. Ястребова
Despite long and successful use of Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine, production of the vaccine against non-typed strains of Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is only being developed. Difficulties of this work are determined by features of NTHi compared with Hib: lack of polysaccharide capsule, high level of antigenic heterogeneity and specialties of pathogenesis development that includes spread through the organism from mucosa of the respiratory tract. Currently, 15 surface structures of NTHi are being actively studied with the aim of creating the vaccine. PE, P2, P6, PD proteins, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and others are among them. Only PD protein currently has practical application, that was used as a carrier with antigenic function in conjugated polysaccharide vaccines against pneumonia (Prevenar; PHiD-CV). Vaccination with these preparations allowed to reduce the total morbidity with acute rhinitis on children by 33 - 52%. However, this result can not be examined as final, thus, research and approbation of the vaccine-candidates continues.
尽管长期成功地使用了b型流感嗜血杆菌(Hib)疫苗,但针对流感嗜血杆菌(NTHi)非分型菌株的疫苗的生产只是在开发中。与Hib相比,NTHi的特点决定了这项工作的困难:缺乏多糖胶囊,抗原异质性高,发病机制发展的特殊性,包括从呼吸道粘膜通过生物体传播。目前,正在积极研究NTHi的15种表面结构,目的是制造疫苗。其中包括PE、P2、P6、PD蛋白、外膜囊泡(omv)等。目前只有PD蛋白有实际应用,作为具有抗原功能的载体应用于肺炎结合多糖疫苗(Prevenar;PHiD-CV)。接种这些制剂可使儿童急性鼻炎的总发病率降低33 - 52%。然而,这一结果不能被视为最终结果,因此,候选疫苗的研究和批准仍在继续。
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引用次数: 1
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS COLLECTION STRAINS ISOLATED IN SOUTH SIBERIA (1950 -2015) 1950 -2015年西伯利亚南部土拉菌采集菌株生物学特性回顾性分析
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-3-9
S. V. Balakhonov, Kulikalova Es, A. Mazepa, A. K. Syngeeva, A. Ostyak, E. P. Mikhailov, I. I. Eshelkin, V. Shestakov
collected using Microflex LT (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) and analyzed compared with previ­ ously collected enhanced database of MALDI Biotyper 3.0. PCR with specific primers was carried out with electrophoretic visualization of results in real time. Results. F. tularensis strains isolated from south of western Siberia from 1950 to 2010 were established to belong to subspecies holarctica, and 56.3% of those — erythromycin sensitive (I biovar Erys), the rest — erythromycin-resistant (II biovar EryR). 7 strains isolated after 2011 by citrulline ureidase activity, cleavage of glycerin and presence of pdpA and pdpD fragments of pathogenicity island (FPI) were determined as Central Asian subspecies. Conclusion. Results of a retrospective study of biological properties of F. tula­ rensis strains isolated from south Siberia have shown the lack of Central Asian subspecies tularemia causative agent in the collection of Irkutsk Institute for Plague Control before 2011. Detection of this subspecies in Russian Federation gives evidence on the necessity to study and analyze problems of epidemiology, ecology and epizootology of Central Asian subspecies tularemia causative agent as well as determination of borders of its spread.
使用Microflex LT (Bruker Daltonics, Germany)收集,并与先前收集的MALDI Biotyper 3.0增强数据库进行比较分析。用特异引物进行PCR,实时电泳显示结果。结果。1950 ~ 2010年从西伯利亚西部南部分离的土拉菌属全北极亚种,56.3%为红霉素敏感菌株(I生物变种Erys),其余为红霉素耐药菌株(II生物变种EryR)。2011年以后分离的7株菌株经瓜氨酸脲酶活性、甘油裂解、致病性岛(FPI)中pdpA和pdpD片段的存在鉴定为中亚亚种。结论。对南西伯利亚分离的土拉螺旋体菌株生物学特性的回顾性研究结果表明,2011年以前伊尔库茨克鼠疫控制研究所收集的土拉螺旋体亚种病原体缺乏。该亚种在俄罗斯联邦的发现证明了研究和分析中亚亚种土拉菌病病原体的流行病学、生态学和流行病学问题以及确定其传播边界的必要性。
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引用次数: 2
ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФАГОТЕРАПИИ ИНФЕКЦИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ОКАЗАНИЕМ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ, В ОТДЕЛЕНИИ НЕЙРОРЕАНИМАЦИИ 神经重症监护室感染噬菌体治疗的免疫方面
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-42-48
С. С. Бочкарева, А. В. Алешкин, О. Н. Ершова, Л. И. Новикова, Станислав Степанович Афанасьев, Ирина Анатольевна Киселева, Э Р Зулькарнеев, Е О Рубальский, О. Ю. Борисова, Александр Викторович Караулов
Aim. Evaluate the effect of anti-phage humoral immune response on effectiveness of phage therapy of infections related to medical care (IRMC). Materials and methods. 42 patients on extended mechanical ventilation (MV) in neuroreanimation, 1 time in 2014, 4 times in 2015 and 1 time in 2016 had received bacteriophage cocktail per os - 20 ml including 6 patients - additionally 3-5 times. Effectiveness of phage therapy was evaluated by seeding of IRMC strains from samples of endotracheal aspirate, blood, urine and feces of patients before and after treatment. Results. 87.5% of samples from the patients initially had gram-negative pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Effective sanation for the first episodes of phage therapy was confirmed in 54 - 62.5% of cases. Pharmacokinetic studies have indicated a systemic mechanism of action for enteral forms of bacteriophages. Repeated courses of phage therapy did not result in significant eradication of pathogens. Antiphage immunity after a single administration of the cocktail of bacteriophages with a certain strain composition was detected using ELISA by the presence of specific IgG titers in a range from 1/16 to 1/4096 (in patients not receiving the cocktail antibodies were not detected). Conclusion. Reduction of sanation effect of bacteriophage could be due to formation of anti-phage antibodies after a repeated course in the same patient. Changes of strain composition of phage cocktail of bacteriophages is necessary to preserve results of phage therapy.
的目标。评价抗噬菌体体液免疫反应对噬菌体治疗医疗相关感染(IRMC)有效性的影响。材料和方法。42例神经复苏延长机械通气(MV)患者,2014年1次,2015年4次,2016年1次,接受噬菌体鸡尾酒/ os - 20ml,其中6例患者加3-5次。通过在患者治疗前后的气管内吸入物、血液、尿液和粪便中接种IRMC菌株,评估噬菌体治疗的有效性。结果:87.5%的患者样本初始检出革兰氏阴性病原体(鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌)。在54 - 62.5%的病例中,噬菌体治疗首次发作时的有效卫生被证实。药代动力学研究表明,肠道形式的噬菌体的系统作用机制。重复疗程的噬菌体治疗并没有导致病原体的显著根除。用ELISA法检测单次给药后具有特定菌株组成的噬菌体鸡尾酒后的抗噬菌体免疫,其特异性IgG滴度范围为1/16至1/4096(未接受鸡尾酒抗体的患者未检测到)。结论。噬菌体卫生效果的降低可能是由于同一患者在重复疗程后形成抗噬菌体抗体所致。改变噬菌体鸡尾酒的菌种组成是保存噬菌体治疗效果的必要条件。
{"title":"ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФАГОТЕРАПИИ ИНФЕКЦИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ОКАЗАНИЕМ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ, В ОТДЕЛЕНИИ НЕЙРОРЕАНИМАЦИИ","authors":"С. С. Бочкарева, А. В. Алешкин, О. Н. Ершова, Л. И. Новикова, Станислав Степанович Афанасьев, Ирина Анатольевна Киселева, Э Р Зулькарнеев, Е О Рубальский, О. Ю. Борисова, Александр Викторович Караулов","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-42-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-42-48","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Evaluate the effect of anti-phage humoral immune response on effectiveness of phage therapy of infections related to medical care (IRMC). Materials and methods. 42 patients on extended mechanical ventilation (MV) in neuroreanimation, 1 time in 2014, 4 times in 2015 and 1 time in 2016 had received bacteriophage cocktail per os - 20 ml including 6 patients - additionally 3-5 times. Effectiveness of phage therapy was evaluated by seeding of IRMC strains from samples of endotracheal aspirate, blood, urine and feces of patients before and after treatment. Results. 87.5% of samples from the patients initially had gram-negative pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Effective sanation for the first episodes of phage therapy was confirmed in 54 - 62.5% of cases. Pharmacokinetic studies have indicated a systemic mechanism of action for enteral forms of bacteriophages. Repeated courses of phage therapy did not result in significant eradication of pathogens. Antiphage immunity after a single administration of the cocktail of bacteriophages with a certain strain composition was detected using ELISA by the presence of specific IgG titers in a range from 1/16 to 1/4096 (in patients not receiving the cocktail antibodies were not detected). Conclusion. Reduction of sanation effect of bacteriophage could be due to formation of anti-phage antibodies after a repeated course in the same patient. Changes of strain composition of phage cocktail of bacteriophages is necessary to preserve results of phage therapy.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"15 1","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81867339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
ЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАННЫЕ СИБИРЕЯЗВЕННЫЕ ВАКЦИНЫ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ НА СТАДИИ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ 西伯利亚有执照的疫苗和临床试验药物
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-112-126
Н. И. Микшис, П. Ю. Попова, А. П. Семакова, Владимир Кутырев
High pathogenicity of anthrax agent combined with unique insensitivity of its spore forms to environmental stresses class it among extremely dangerous biological agents. Registered and effectively used anthrax vaccines made invaluable contribution to the improvement of epidemiological situation around the world. Nevertheless, neglect of non-specific prophylaxis may result in dramatic scenarios and require large-scale measures on rectification of the consequences. Efforts on the development of next-generation vaccines are aimed at safety build-up, decrease in frequency of administration, and enhancement of manufacturing technologies. The review contains the key information on licensed anthrax vaccines designed for medical use, both in the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. Among multiple experimental developments emphasized have been preparations manufactured by various biopharmaceutical companies in compliance with GMP standards, at different phases of clinical trials in 2016.
炭疽菌的高致病性及其孢子形式对环境胁迫的不敏感性使其成为极为危险的生物制剂之一。注册和有效使用的炭疽疫苗为改善世界各地的流行病学状况作出了宝贵的贡献。然而,忽视非特异性预防可能导致严重的情况,需要采取大规模措施纠正后果。开发下一代疫苗的努力旨在提高安全性,减少给药频率,并提高生产技术。审查载有在俄罗斯联邦境内和国外获得许可的用于医疗用途的炭疽疫苗的关键信息。在多项实验进展中,2016年各生物制药公司按照GMP标准生产的制剂处于临床试验的不同阶段。
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引用次数: 2
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Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii
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