Aquatic Toxicology最新文献_第6页

Molecular responses to pollution stress in glass eels (Anguilla anguilla): Gene expression changes associated with varying contamination levels and temperature across estuaries 玻璃鳗（Anguilla Anguilla）对污染应激的分子反应：与河口污染水平和温度变化相关的基因表达变化

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107623

Alvaro Gutierrez-Rodriguez , Claudia Nuñez-Moyano , Lucía Rivas-Iglesias , Susana Acle , Luis Jose Royo-Martin , Eva Garcia-Vazquez , Gonzalo Machado-Schiaffino

Understanding the effects of global change is crucial to aid in the conservation of critically endangered species such as the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Emerging pollutants (microplastics) and legacy ones such as heavy metals, as well as thermal pollution, are deleterious for this species; however, their molecular impacts on glass eels entering estuaries remain understudied. Investigating the molecular signatures of environmental stress can provide insights into some of the factors contributing to A. anguilla population decline. In this study, expression changes in candidate genes associated with general and thermal stress (hsp70 & hsp90), oxidative stress (sod1, sod2, cat, gpx1), heavy metal detoxification (mt2), and neurotoxicity (ache) were measured in gill tissue of glass eels exposed to polystyrene (PS) microbeads in an aquarium, and also in individuals sampled from six Bay of Biscay estuaries with different levels of microplastics, heavy metals, nitrites, nitrates and thermal pollution. In the aquarium experiment, a significant positive correlation was found between hsp70 expression and PS concentration. On the other hand, in the glass eels sampled from the wild results showed that gene expression patterns tend to cluster based on estuary’s pollution levels. Specifically, hsp70 gene expression was upregulated in eels from the most polluted estuaries, suggesting signs of damage. This study highlights the molecular effects and signatures of emerging and legacy pollutants on the critically endangered European eel, under natural and controlled conditions.

了解全球变化的影响对保护欧洲鳗鲡（Anguilla Anguilla）等极度濒危物种至关重要。新出现的污染物（微塑料）和遗留的污染物（如重金属）以及热污染对该物种有害；然而，它们对进入河口的玻璃鳗的分子影响仍未得到充分研究。研究环境压力的分子特征可以深入了解导致安圭拉种群数量下降的一些因素。在这项研究中，我们测量了在水族箱中暴露于聚苯乙烯（PS）微珠的玻璃鳗鳃组织中与一般和热应激（hsp70和hsp90）、氧化应激（sod1、sod2、cat、gpx1）、重金属解毒（mt2）和神经毒性（ache）相关的候选基因的表达变化，以及在比斯开湾六个不同微塑料、重金属、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和热污染水平的河口取样的个体。在水缸实验中，hsp70的表达与PS浓度呈显著正相关。另一方面，在野外取样的玻璃鳗中，结果表明基因表达模式倾向于基于河口污染水平的聚类。具体来说，来自污染最严重的河口的鳗鱼的hsp70基因表达上调，表明有损伤的迹象。本研究强调了在自然和受控条件下，新兴和遗留污染物对极度濒危的欧洲鳗鱼的分子效应和特征。

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引用次数: 0

Bioconcentration, biotransformation, oxidative stress and neurochemical response of environmental concentration diazepam in yellowbelly pufferfish 环境浓度安定在黄腹河豚体内的生物浓度、生物转化、氧化应激及神经化学反应

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107620

Youyou Hu , Wenjie Hou , Yuping Zhang , Hongjie Zhu

The benzodiazepine diazepam is an emerging environmental contaminant that poses a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. However, there are knowledge gaps regarding tissue-specific accumulation and biotransformation, and the potential toxicity of diazepam in economically important fish at environmental concentrations. This study explored the tissue distribution and accumulation of diazepam and its metabolites in juvenile yellowbelly pufferfish after 35 days of exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (2, 20, and 100 ng/L). Additionally, changes in oxidative stress markers and neurotransmitter levels were analyzed during a 35-day exposure period and a 7-day recovery period. Our results showed that after 35-day exposure, diazepam exhibited the highest accumulation in the liver tissue of yellowbelly pufferfish, followed by the brain tissue. Moreover, biotransformation occurred in vivo, including demethylation and hydroxylation. Significant differences in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity between the medium and high-level treatment groups reflected the compensatory effect of antioxidant defenses, while the unchanged malondialdehyde levels indicated their strong antioxidant stress capacity. Furthermore, the down-regulation of key neurotransmitters (glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine) in brain tissues during the exposure period and recovery period confirms the high potential for neurotoxicity at environmental concentrations of diazepam. These results provide fundamental support for an in-depth understanding of the tissue-specific accumulation and potential toxicity of diazepam and its metabolites to marine organisms.

苯二氮卓类地西泮是一种新兴的环境污染物，对生态系统和人类健康构成潜在威胁。然而，关于组织特异性积累和生物转化，以及地西泮在环境浓度下对经济上重要的鱼类的潜在毒性，存在知识空白。本研究探讨了地西泮及其代谢物在黄腹河豚幼鱼暴露于环境相关浓度（2、20和100 ng/L） 35天后的组织分布和积累。此外，在35天的暴露期和7天的恢复期，分析氧化应激标志物和神经递质水平的变化。我们的研究结果表明，暴露35天后，地西泮在黄腹河豚的肝脏组织中积累最多，其次是脑组织。此外，生物转化发生在体内，包括去甲基化和羟基化。中高水平处理组超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性差异显著，反映了抗氧化防御的代偿作用，而丙二醛水平不变，表明其抗氧化应激能力强。此外，在暴露期和恢复期，脑组织中关键神经递质（谷氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、多巴胺、5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素）的下调证实了环境浓度的地西泮具有很高的神经毒性。这些结果为深入了解地西泮及其代谢物对海洋生物的组织特异性积累和潜在毒性提供了基础支持。

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引用次数: 0

Interactions between cyanobacteria and emerging contaminants in aqueous environments 蓝藻与水环境中新兴污染物之间的相互作用

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107621

Yichen Yang , Xiaohan Zhang , Lingshen Tan , Rui Xin , Yongzheng Ma , Zhiguang Niu

Cyanobacteria, prevalent in aquatic environments, are key contributors to the Earth's primary productivity and have historically transformed the planet's surface from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. However, due to improper disposal, a large number of emerging contaminants (ECs) were released into water bodies, which influenced the growth and physiological activities of cyanobacteria. Given the biological representativeness of cyanobacteria, their response to ECs serves as a model for understanding the impact of environmental stressors on other organisms. Thus, this review summarized the effects of ECs, including antibiotics, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and microplastics (MPs) on cyanobacterial growth, morphology, and toxin production. It also explored the effect of cyanobacteria on ECs and reviewed their interactions with EC-related compounds. Additionally, the study highlighted that cyanobacteria could produce endocrine-disrupting toxins and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), while their secondary metabolites could also treat ECs by adsorption and settlement. Compared to the previous ones, this review innovatively focused on the bidirectional perspective. It not only examined the impact of ECs on cyanobacteria but also investigated the influence of cyanobacteria on ECs, particularly in terms of biosorption, biodegradation, and biotransformation. Consequently, this review offered a more balanced and holistic understanding of the interactions between cyanobacteria and ECs in aquatic systems, providing valuable insights into their coexistence and suggesting the potential of using cyanobacteria as an eco-friendly approach for EC remediation.

蓝藻普遍存在于水生环境中，是地球初级生产力的关键贡献者，并在历史上将地球表面从厌氧状态转变为有氧状态。然而，由于处理不当，大量的新兴污染物（ECs）被释放到水体中，影响了蓝藻的生长和生理活动。鉴于蓝藻的生物学代表性，它们对ECs的反应可以作为理解环境应激源对其他生物影响的模型。因此，本文综述了包括抗生素、内分泌干扰物（EDCs）、持久性有机污染物（POPs）和微塑料（MPs）在内的ECs对蓝藻生长、形态和毒素产生的影响。探讨了蓝藻对ECs的影响，并综述了它们与ECs相关化合物的相互作用。此外，该研究强调蓝藻可以产生内分泌干扰毒素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs），其次级代谢物也可以通过吸附和沉降作用治疗ECs。与以往的研究相比，本文创新性地关注了双向视角。它不仅研究了ECs对蓝藻的影响，还研究了蓝藻对ECs的影响，特别是在生物吸附、生物降解和生物转化方面。因此，本综述对水生系统中蓝藻与EC之间的相互作用提供了更平衡和全面的理解，为它们的共存提供了有价值的见解，并提出了使用蓝藻作为EC修复的生态友好方法的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Subchronic 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone exposure induced dose-dependent cardiac functional failure via cytoskeletal remodeling in zebrafish cardiac tissue 亚慢性2,6-二氯-1,4-苯醌暴露通过斑马鱼心脏组织细胞骨骼重塑诱导剂量依赖性心功能衰竭

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107622

Xue Yang , Qiwei Zhang , Lihua Yang

The subchronic cardiotoxicity of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ), an unregulated disinfection byproduct with high environmental detection rates, remains poorly characterized. Using integrated multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics) and histopathological analyses in zebrafish, this study systematically elucidated its dose-dependent (low-dose, 10 nM; medium-dose, 100 nM; high-dose, 1000 nM) cardiotoxicity, from adaptive remodeling to failure, over a 35-day exposure period. A reduction in atrioventricular inflow ranging from 81.4 % to 93.9 %, along with lipid droplet accumulation and Z-disc rupture, indicate a dose-dependent cardiac crisis induced by 2,6-DCBQ. Multi-omics analyses, revealed that the kinase cascade involving braf (Myhpc2_T1545), camk2a (Mybpc3_S291), and mark3b (Ttn.1_S28131) arranged dose-dependent cytoskeletal remodeling. High-dose exposure initiated an inflammation-cytoskeleton vicious cycle, wherein chemokine-driven collagen degradation exacerbated Z-disc rupture, while lipotoxic lipid droplets recruit inflammatory infiltrates, collectively escalating irreversible cardiac decompensation. These findings demonstrate that subchronic exposure to 2,6-DCBQ initiates cardiac remodeling, escalating cardiovascular susceptibility in exposed populations.

2,6-二氯-1,4-苯醌（2,6- dcbq）是一种不受监管的消毒副产物，具有很高的环境检出率，但其亚慢性心脏毒性的特征仍然很差。通过对斑马鱼进行综合多组学（转录组学、蛋白质组学、磷蛋白质组学）和组织病理学分析，本研究系统地阐明了其剂量依赖性（低剂量，10 nM；中剂量，100 nM；高剂量，1000 nM）的心脏毒性，从适应性重塑到衰竭，持续35天的暴露期。房室流减少81.4%至93.9%，同时伴有脂滴积聚和z盘破裂，表明2,6- dcbq诱导的剂量依赖性心脏危象。多组学分析显示，涉及braf （Myhpc2_T1545）、camk2a （Mybpc3_S291）和mark3b （Ttn.1_S28131）的激酶级联可进行剂量依赖性的细胞骨架重塑。高剂量暴露引发了炎症-细胞骨架的恶性循环，其中趋化因子驱动的胶原降解加剧了z盘破裂，而脂毒性脂滴招募炎症浸润，共同加剧了不可逆的心脏失代偿。这些发现表明，亚慢性暴露于2,6- dcbq会引发心脏重塑，增加暴露人群的心血管易感性。

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引用次数: 0

Morphological, histological and multi-omics analysis revealed the molecular response of female western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) to levonorgestrel exposure 形态学、组织学和多组学分析揭示了雌性西蚊鱼（Gambusia affinis）对左炔诺孕酮暴露的分子反应

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107619

Kaichun Chen , Tongfu Lu , Weijian Chen , Shengyue Lin , Dingxian Chen , Shuzheng Ye , Weiqian Liang , Sixun Li , Binhua Deng , Jian Gong , Chong Han , Qiang Li

In recent years, the use of synthetic progestogens in medicine has increased, and their presence is frequently detected in rivers. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers are beginning to focus on the impact they have on the reproduction and development of aquatic organisms. Levonorgestrel (LNG) is a synthetic progestin widely used in oral contraceptives and is also frequently detected in rivers. To assess the impact of LNG on mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), in this study, adult female mosquitofish were exposed to LNG at concentrations of 0, 5, 50, and 500 ng/L for 36 consecutive days, followed by morphological, histological, hepatic transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. The results indicated that exposure to LNG reduced the weight-to-length ratio of mosquitofish and simultaneously elongated their anal fins. Furthermore, at a concentration of 500 ng/L, the gonadal index and the proportion of late-stage oocytes in mosquitofish were significantly reduced, and the transcriptional expression of the genes Cyp19a1a, Cyp11a1a, Ara, and Foxl2 was markedly inhibited. Additionally, exposure to LNG led to hepatocyte degeneration and vacuolation. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the liver identified a large number of differentially expressed genes and metabolites, which were enriched in many metabolism-related pathways, such as the Insulin signaling pathway, Biosynthesis of amino acids, and Fatty acid metabolism. In summary, these results indicated that exposure to LNG could suppress ovarian development in female mosquitofish, leading to masculinization, and caused abnormalities in liver transcription and metabolism.

近年来，合成孕激素在医学上的使用有所增加，在河流中经常检测到它们的存在。因此，越来越多的研究者开始关注它们对水生生物繁殖发育的影响。左炔诺孕酮（LNG）是一种合成黄体酮，广泛用于口服避孕药，也经常在河流中检测到。为了评估LNG对食蚊鱼（Gambusia affinis）的影响，在本研究中，成年雌性食蚊鱼连续36天暴露于浓度为0、5、50和500 ng/L的LNG中，然后进行形态学、组织学、肝脏转录组学和代谢组学分析。结果表明，接触液化天然气降低了食蚊鱼的体重与长度比，同时延长了它们的肛门鳍。500 ng/L浓度显著降低了蚊鱼的性腺指数和后期卵母细胞比例，并显著抑制了Cyp19a1a、Cyp11a1a、Ara和Foxl2基因的转录表达。此外，暴露于LNG会导致肝细胞变性和空泡化。肝脏的转录组学和代谢组学分析发现了大量差异表达的基因和代谢物，这些基因和代谢物在许多代谢相关途径中富集，如胰岛素信号通路、氨基酸的生物合成和脂肪酸代谢。综上所述，这些结果表明，LNG暴露会抑制雌性蚊鱼卵巢发育，导致雄性化，并导致肝脏转录和代谢异常。

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引用次数: 0

Domoic acid production by a Pseudo-nitzschia australis strain under zinc and copper exposure 在锌和铜暴露下，一株南方伪尼茨氏菌的软骨藻酸产量

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107616

Marie Bassez, Hélène Hégaret, Jean-François Maguer, Yoann Asquoët, Marie Legain, Lucie Vannier, Gabriel Dulaquais

The diatom species Pseudo-nitzschia australis can produce domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin- responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace metals for marine phytoplankton, but they can become either limiting or toxic at pico- to subnanomolar ionic concentrations—levels that are can be reached in coastal ecosystems. The effect of exposure to these metals on DA production remains unclear for Cu and is largely unknown for Zn. In this study, we investigated the effects of toxic picomolar concentrations of Cu²⁺ and four non-limiting concentrations of Zn²⁺ on the metabolism and physiology of a toxic P. australis strain isolated from the coastal waters of North Biscay (France). Using principal component analysis, we observed changes in cell populations over time depending on metal exposure. Cu²⁺ toxicity was marked by a 35 % decrease in maximum cell density and a reduction in growth rate (µ₊_Cu = 0.55 µₐₓ). DA production was differentially modulated by the two metals: toxic Cu²⁺ levels stimulated DA synthesis (+200 %), while elevated Zn²⁺ bioavailability significantly decreased it (by up to –85 %), including when Zn²⁺ was combined with toxic levels of Cu²⁺ (–65 %). We further discuss DA production by P. australis as a potential protective mechanism against oxidative stress. Additional data on intracellular glutathione (GSH) quotas—an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and Cu²⁺ chelator— are presented and linked to Zn²⁺ bioavailability. GSH cell quotas were significantly correlated with DA production (p < 0.05) further supporting existing links between metal exposition, oxydative stress and DA production. This study suggests that ambient concentrations of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ are critical factors regulating DA production in coastal marine systems.

硅藻种伪南硅藻可以产生软骨藻酸（DA），一种神经毒素-负责失忆性贝类中毒。铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）是海洋浮游植物必需的微量金属，但在沿海生态系统中可以达到的微摩尔到亚纳摩尔离子浓度水平，它们要么是有限的，要么是有毒的。暴露于这些金属对铜的DA生成的影响尚不清楚，而对锌的影响则基本未知。在这项研究中，我们研究了有毒皮摩尔浓度的Cu 2 +和四种非限制性浓度的Zn 2 +对从北比斯开（法国）沿海水域分离的有毒南方p.s australis菌株的代谢和生理的影响。使用主成分分析，我们观察到细胞群随时间的变化取决于金属暴露。Cu 2 +的毒性表现为最大细胞密度降低35%，生长速率降低（µ₊Cu = 0.55µₓ）。两种金属对DA的产生有不同的调节：有毒的Cu 2 +水平刺激了DA的合成（+ 200%），而升高的Zn 2 +的生物利用度显著降低了DA的合成（高达- 85%），包括当Zn 2 +与有毒的Cu 2 +结合时（- 65%）。我们进一步讨论了南稻产生DA作为抗氧化应激的潜在保护机制。关于细胞内谷胱甘肽（GSH）配额的其他数据-一种重要的活性氧（ROS）清除剂和Cu 2+螯合剂-被提出并与Zn2+的生物利用度有关。GSH细胞配额与DA产生显著相关（p < 0.05），进一步支持金属暴露、氧化应激和DA产生之间存在的联系。该研究表明，Cu 2 +和Zn 2 +的环境浓度是调节沿海海洋系统中DA生成的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigative effects of Vitamin C on deltamethrin-induced acute toxicity in crucian carp by modulating the AhR/Nrf2 signaling pathways 维生素C通过调节AhR/Nrf2信号通路对溴氰菊酯致鲫鱼急性毒性的缓解作用

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107617

Hao Wu , Jinwei Gao , Dong Liu , Xiangrong Liu , Feiming Chen , Jiayuan Qin , Yunfei Ye , Zhenzhen Xiong , Jiayu Wu , Can Yang , Min Xie , Rui Song , Dongsheng Ou

In recent years, deltamethrin (DEL) pollution poses a significant threat to aquaculture; however, the protective role of vitamin C (VC) against acute toxicity in crucian carp has not been well understood. This study provides compelling evidence that exposure to 2.0 mg/L waterborne VC significantly mitigates DEL-induced 96-hour mortality in crucian carp (p < 0.001). Importantly, this research represents the first documentation of the protective effects of waterborne VC in fish, which is mediated through the modulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway—a mechanism not previously reported in crucian carp. The observed protective effect is attributed to the enhancement of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses via this signaling pathway. Exposure to DEL at 6.2 μg/L resulted in severe oxidative stress, characterized by significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and depletion of catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver and intestine (p < 0.01). Histopathological damage, including hepatic vacuolation, shortened villi, and inflammation, as well as elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), was observed. Co-exposure to VC normalized antioxidant markers, reduced MDA and ROS levels, and alleviated tissue damage (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, VC counteracted the suppression of AhR/Nrf2 by DEL, leading to the statistically significant upregulation of antioxidant genes (gst, sod, cat) and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β, il6, tnfα) (p < 0.05). VC exhibited tissue-specific regulation by enhancing hepatic Nrf2 defenses and co-activating intestinal AhR/Nrf2, as confirmed by Western blot analysis. Our study shows that waterborne VC effectively protects against acute DEL toxicity under current experimental conditions, suggesting its potential as an eco-friendly emergency intervention in aquaculture during sudden pesticide exposure. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in complex pond systems and various fish species.

近年来，溴氰菊酯污染对水产养殖业构成重大威胁；然而，维生素C （VC）对鲫鱼急性中毒的保护作用尚不清楚。该研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明暴露于2.0 mg/L的水性VC可显著减轻del诱导的鲫鱼96小时死亡率（p < 0.001）。重要的是，本研究首次证实了水生VC对鱼类的保护作用，该作用是通过调控芳烃受体(AhR)/核因子-红系2相关因子2 （Nrf2）信号通路介导的，这一机制在鲫鱼中尚未报道。观察到的保护作用归因于通过该信号通路增强抗氧化和抗炎反应。6.2 μg/L DEL暴露导致严重的氧化应激，其特征是丙二醛（MDA）水平显著升高，肝脏和肠道中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的耗竭（p < 0.01）。观察到组织病理学损伤，包括肝空泡化、绒毛缩短、炎症以及活性氧（ROS）升高。VC共暴露可使抗氧化标志物正常化，降低MDA和ROS水平，减轻组织损伤（p < 0.05）。在机制上，VC抵消了DEL对AhR/Nrf2的抑制，导致抗氧化基因（gst、sod、cat）的上调和促炎细胞因子（il1β、il6、tnfα）的抑制，具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。Western blot分析证实VC通过增强肝脏Nrf2防御和共同激活肠道AhR/Nrf2表现出组织特异性调控。我们的研究表明，在目前的实验条件下，水性VC可以有效地防止急性DEL毒性，这表明它有可能成为水产养殖中突然农药暴露的生态友好型应急干预措施。需要进一步的研究来证实其在复杂池塘系统和各种鱼类中的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Mixture toxicity of perfluoroalkyl substances on the aquatic invertebrate Gammarus roeselii 全氟烷基物质对水生无脊椎动物沙鼠的混合毒性

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107618

Erwin J.J. Kalis, Johannes W. Zander, Juergen Geist, Sebastian Beggel

In recent years, PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) have been the focus of increasing attention due to their persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. Given the variety of PFAS compounds, and potential interacting effects on biota, assessment of mixture toxicity is crucial in risk assessment. In this study, the acute toxic effects of the perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), namely perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorosulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) on the freshwater amphipod Gammarus roeselii were investigated for the first time, considering single and mixture effects at different ratios. Under acute exposure scenarios, a higher toxicity of the perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with increasing chain length was demonstrated, with LC₅₀ values ranging from 9 to 65 mg/L. In addition, the toxicity of sulphonic acid derivatives (such as PFOS) was found to be five times higher than that of carboxylic acid derivatives (such as PFOA). The combination of different PFAS in mixtures showed a general additive toxicity effect, but the combination of a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFOS) with a perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFOA) suggests a slight synergistic effect. These results highlight the need for a better understanding of PFAS mixture effects, to improve environmental risk assessment and protection of aquatic and human health.

近年来，全氟烷基物质（全氟和多氟烷基物质）因其持久性、生物蓄积性和毒性而日益受到关注。考虑到PFAS化合物的多样性及其对生物群的潜在相互作用，混合毒性评估在风险评估中至关重要。本研究首次研究了全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟磺酸（PFOS）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）和全氟十烷酸（PFDA）等全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）对淡水片足动物Gammarus roeselii的急性毒性作用，并考虑了不同比例的单一和混合效应。在急性暴露情景下，全氟烷基羧酸（PFCAs）的毒性随链长增加而增加，LC50值为9至65 mg/L。此外，发现磺酸衍生物（如全氟辛烷磺酸）的毒性比羧酸衍生物（如全氟辛烷磺酸）的毒性高5倍。不同PFAS在混合物中的组合表现出一般的加性毒性效应，但全氟磺酸（PFOS）与全氟羧酸（PFOA）的组合显示出轻微的协同效应。这些结果突出表明，需要更好地了解PFAS混合效应，以改进环境风险评估和保护水生和人类健康。

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引用次数: 0

The scientific basis for addressing marine micro- and nanoplastic pollution: Informing effective monitoring and remediation frameworks 解决海洋微塑料和纳米塑料污染的科学基础：通报有效的监测和补救框架。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107615

Weiwei Huang , Wenzong Zhou , Yi juin Tay , Ji Liang , Zihan Zhou , Mingming Han , Chenxi Zhu , Jingyou Zhang , Yiming Li , Qichen Jiang , Weiwei Lv

The pollution of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), stemming from the degradation of macroplastics and other sources, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems. While analytical techniques such as hyperspectral imaging and mass spectrometry are crucial for their detection and monitoring, accurately identifying NPs remains a key challenge due to their nanoscale properties.

The ecotoxicological effects of these particles permeate the entire marine food web. From inhibited photosynthesis in phytoplankton to oxidative stress and reduced reproduction in primary consumers, the impacts are profound. These effects are transmitted to secondary consumers, manifesting as immunotoxicity and reproductive issues, and are further amplified in top predators through bioaccumulation, causing severe physiological harm. Concurrently, decomposers experience metabolic disruptions that compromise their ecological functions, thereby affecting benthic ecosystem health.

To counter these widespread impacts, a portfolio of remediation strategies is under development. These range from physical and chemical removal to biological degradation, with integrated hybrid methods representing the forefront of mitigation efforts. Ultimately, curbing the pervasive threat of MPs and NPs necessitates adaptive and comprehensive solutions.

微塑料（MPs）和纳米塑料（NPs）的污染源于宏观塑料和其他来源的降解，对海洋生态系统构成重大威胁。虽然高光谱成像和质谱等分析技术对其检测和监测至关重要，但由于其纳米级性质，准确识别NPs仍然是一个关键挑战。这些颗粒的生态毒理学效应渗透到整个海洋食物网中。从浮游植物的光合作用抑制到主要消费者的氧化应激和繁殖减少，影响是深远的。这些影响会传播给次级消费者，表现为免疫毒性和生殖问题，并通过生物积累在顶级捕食者中进一步放大，造成严重的生理伤害。同时，分解者经历代谢破坏，损害其生态功能，从而影响底栖生态系统的健康。为了应对这些广泛的影响，正在制定一系列补救策略。这些方法从物理和化学去除到生物降解，综合混合方法是缓解努力的前沿。最终，遏制MPs和NPs的普遍威胁需要适应性和全面的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics on the feeding behavior, oxidative stress, and accumulation of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in the mussel Mytilus unguiculatus 聚苯乙烯微/纳米塑料对褐贻贝摄食行为、氧化应激和腹泻贝类毒素积累的影响。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107614

Jiangbing Qiu , Guangyao Wu , Fangxiao Li , Aifeng Li

Polystyrene micro/nanoplastics (PS-MNPs) and microalgal toxins are widely distributed in marine environments. However, the impact of MNPs exposure on the accumulation of dissolved microalgal toxins in cultivated shellfish remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of PS-MNPs on the physiological status and diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) accumulation in the filter-feeding bivalve Mytilus unguiculatus. Results demonstrated that exposure to PS-MNPs significantly altered the grazing rates, condition index, and oxidative stress responses of mussels. Specifically, MNPs at a concentration of 10 mg L⁻¹ or a particle size of 1.0 µm initially promoted feeding activity, which then gradually returned to control levels. In contrast, a high concentration of smaller MNPs (0.1 µm particle size at 50 mg L⁻¹) caused prolonged suppression of feeding activity. Exposure to MNPs also induced mild oxidative stress characterized by transient increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in muscle tissue, while ROS concentrations in the digestive gland remained largely unchanged. Furthermore, MNPs significantly affected the accumulation of DSTs, including okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), particularly enhancing DTX1 accumulation under high MNPs loads. These changes in toxin accumulation highlight the potential for MNPs to affect both ecosystem health and seafood safety. Although the direct threat posed by MNPs at current environmental concentrations appears limited, their capacity to alter toxin accumulation and interact with other stressors, necessitates a more nuanced risk assessment framework. Future efforts should aim to understand these complex interactions and develop effective monitoring and mitigation strategies to protect marine ecosystems and ensure food safety.

聚苯乙烯微/纳米塑料（PS-MNPs）和微藻毒素在海洋环境中广泛分布。然而，MNPs暴露对养殖贝类中溶解微藻毒素积累的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨了PS-MNPs对滤食性双壳贝（Mytilus unguiculatus）生理状态和腹泻性贝类毒素（DSTs）积累的影响。结果表明，暴露于PS-MNPs显著改变了贻贝的放牧率、状态指数和氧化应激反应。具体来说，浓度为10 mg L - 1或粒径为1.0µm的MNPs最初促进了摄食活动，然后逐渐恢复到控制水平。相比之下,高浓度的小和基于(0.1µm粒度在50毫克L⁻1)造成长期喂养活动的抑制。暴露于MNPs还会诱导轻度氧化应激，其特征是肌肉组织中活性氧（ROS）水平短暂增加，而消化腺中的ROS浓度基本保持不变。此外，MNPs显著影响了冈田酸（OA）和甲藻毒素-1 （DTX1）等DSTs的积累，特别是在MNPs高负荷下促进了DTX1的积累。毒素积累的这些变化突出了MNPs影响生态系统健康和海产品安全的潜力。虽然MNPs在当前环境浓度下造成的直接威胁似乎有限，但它们改变毒素积累和与其他压力源相互作用的能力，需要一个更细致的风险评估框架。今后的努力应旨在了解这些复杂的相互作用，并制定有效的监测和缓解战略，以保护海洋生态系统和确保食品安全。

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引用次数: 0