Aquatic Toxicology最新文献_第10页

Uptake, removal and trophic transfer of fluorescent polyethylene microplastics by freshwater model organisms: the impact of particle size and food availability 淡水模式生物对荧光聚乙烯微塑料的吸收、清除和营养转移：颗粒大小和食物供应的影响。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107165

Ning Gong , Zhiyuan Wang , Xiaofan Wang , Kuishuang Shao

As an emerging contaminant, microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in freshwater ecosystems and pose potential threats to aquatic organisms, attracting significant attention from both the scientific community and the general public. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the mechanisms of MPs transfer within aquatic biota and how particle size and food availability influence their transport patterns. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were selected as a model organism to investigate the uptake and elimination of fluorescent polyethylene (PE) MPs under different exposure scenarios (waterborne or trophic transfer, with or without food) and varying particle sizes (ranging from 10-300 μm at concentrations of 0.1, 2, and 300 mg/L). Additionally, water fleas (Daphnia magna) were provided as prey for the fish. The dynamic accumulation of PE-MPs sized between 10-20 μm at a concentration of 25 mg/L by daphnia was also determined along with its impact on animal feeding behavior. The results demonstrated that both organisms were capable of ingesting PE-MPs during exposures lasting up to 24 hours for daphnia and up to 72 hours for zebrafish. Furthermore, rapid elimination rates were observed within just 30 minutes for daphnia and between 6-12 hours for zebrafish. The presence of food reduced MPs uptake and removal by daphnia but significantly increased MP elimination by fish. Zebrafish showed a preference for ingesting larger-sized MPs that they could easily recognize; however, trophic transfer from daphnia to fish was found to be the primary route of ingestion specifically for PE-MPs sized between 10-20 μm. The findings suggest that while fish directly ingest fewer invisible MPs from the water column, they still accumulate these particles through predation on contaminated prey organisms. Therefore, it is imperative to prioritize the ecological risks associated with the transfer of MPs from zooplankton to fish.

作为一种新出现的污染物，微塑料（MPs）广泛分布于淡水生态系统中，对水生生物构成潜在威胁，引起了科学界和公众的极大关注。然而，关于微塑料在水生生物群落中的迁移机制，以及颗粒大小和食物可获得性如何影响其迁移模式，目前仍存在不确定性。本研究选择了斑马鱼（Danio rerio）作为模式生物，研究在不同的暴露情景（水传播或营养转移，有或无食物）和不同粒径（10-300 μm，浓度为 0.1、2 和 300 mg/L）下，荧光聚乙烯（PE）MPs 的吸收和消除情况。此外，还提供了水蚤（大型水蚤）作为鱼类的猎物。还测定了水蚤对浓度为 25 毫克/升、大小为 10-20 微米的 PE-MPs 的动态积累情况及其对动物摄食行为的影响。结果表明，在接触 PE-MPs 长达 24 小时（水蚤）和 72 小时（斑马鱼）期间，这两种生物都能摄取 PE-MPs。此外，水蚤和斑马鱼分别在 30 分钟和 6-12 小时内迅速消除了这些物质。食物的存在减少了水蚤对 MPs 的吸收和清除，但显著增加了鱼类对 MPs 的清除。斑马鱼倾向于摄取它们容易识别的较大尺寸的 MPs；然而，研究发现，从水蚤到鱼类的营养转移是摄取尺寸在 10-20 μm 之间的 PE-MPs 的主要途径。研究结果表明，虽然鱼类从水体中直接摄入的隐形多孔质微粒较少，但它们仍会通过捕食受污染的猎物生物来积累这些微粒。因此，必须优先考虑浮游动物向鱼类转移 MPs 所带来的生态风险。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated physiological, energy metabolism, and metabonomic responses indicate the stress response in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei to nitrite stress 综合生理、能量代谢和代谢反应显示了万年青肝胰脏对亚硝酸盐胁迫的应激反应。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107164

Yafei Duan , Guowei Zhong , Meng Xiao , Yukai Yang , Yun Wang , Yuxiu Nan

Nitrite is a toxic substance found in rearing water that affects shrimp health. The hepatopancreas is an important digestive, immune, and metabolic organ in the shrimp. In this study, shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) were separately exposed to 1 and 5 mg/L nitrite stress for 48 h, and the toxicity of nitrite in the hepatopancreas was explored by integrating histology, physiological indicators, energy metabolism, and metabolomics. Nitrite stress induced morphological changes and stress responses in the hepatopancreas. Specifically, physiology-related indices, such as the relative gene expression levels of antioxidants (ROMO1, Nrf2, GPx), endoplasmic reticulum stress (Bip, IRE1 and XBP1), and immune genes (ALF, Pen-3, Lys) were decreased, whereas the gene expression of apoptosis (Casp-3), detoxification (CYP450), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity were increased. The activities of osmotic adjustment-related enzymes (NKA, CMA, and ATPase) also decreased. Energy metabolism-related indices, such as pyruvate and hepatic glycogen contents, increased, whereas glucose, lactic acid, triglyceride, and ATP contents and ATPase activity decreased, and the relative gene expression levels of carbohydrate metabolism (PDH, HK, and LDH) and electron-transport chain genes (CytC, COI and CCO) decreased, and the expressions of lipid metabolism (AMPK, SREBP, and FAS), tricarboxylic acid cycle (MDH, CS, IDH and FH) genes were also disturbed. The metabolic pattern of the hepatopancreas was affected by nitrite stress. Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism were highly affected, and more functional amino acids varied in the 5 mg/L nitrite stress group. These results reveal the toxic effects of nitrite stress on the stress response, physiology, energy metabolism, and metabolite homeostasis in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. Several potential metabolite biomarker candidates were identified for toxicological evaluation.

亚硝酸盐是饲养水中的一种有毒物质，会影响对虾的健康。肝胰腺是对虾重要的消化、免疫和代谢器官。本研究将对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）分别暴露于1毫克/升和5毫克/升的亚硝酸盐胁迫48小时，通过综合组织学、生理指标、能量代谢和代谢组学等方法探讨亚硝酸盐对肝胰腺的毒性。亚硝酸盐胁迫诱导了肝胰腺的形态变化和应激反应。具体来说，生理相关指标，如抗氧化剂（ROMO1、Nrf2、GPx）、内质网应激（Bip、IRE1和XBP1）和免疫基因（ALF、Pen-3、Lys）的相对基因表达水平降低，而细胞凋亡（Casp-3）、解毒（CYP450）和谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（GOT）活性的基因表达水平升高。渗透调节相关酶（NKA、CMA 和 ATPase）的活性也有所下降。能量代谢相关指标，如丙酮酸和肝糖原含量增加，而葡萄糖、乳酸、甘油三酯和 ATP 含量及 ATP 酶活性降低，碳水化合物代谢（PDH、碳水化合物代谢（PDH、HK 和 LDH）和电子传递链基因（CytC、COI 和 CCO）的相对基因表达水平下降，脂质代谢（AMPK、SREBP 和 FAS）、三羧酸循环（MDH、CS、IDH 和 FH）基因的表达也受到干扰。亚硝酸盐胁迫影响了肝胰脏的代谢模式。甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸的代谢受到很大影响，5 mg/L亚硝酸盐胁迫组有更多的功能氨基酸发生变化。这些结果揭示了亚硝酸盐胁迫对对虾肝胰腺的胁迫反应、生理、能量代谢和代谢平衡的毒性影响。为毒理学评估确定了几个潜在的代谢物生物标记候选物。

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引用次数: 0

Fipronil exposure alters oxidative stress responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute moderate hypoxia 氟虫腈暴露改变尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）对急性中度缺氧的氧化应激反应

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107163

Priscila Leocádia Rosa Dourado , Danilo Grunig Humberto da Silva , Thiago Caique Alves , Eduardo Alves de Almeida

Acute hypoxia is known to increase the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to modulation in antioxidant defenses. Pollutant exposure can potentiate ROS generation during hypoxic events and impair antioxidant defenses, increasing the susceptibility of hypoxia-tolerant fishes, such as the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress responses of O. niloticus to acute (3 and 8 h) moderate hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤2 mg/L⁻¹) and how these responses are affected by simultaneous exposure to the insecticide fipronil (0.1 and 0.5 µg L⁻¹). Hypoxia exposure for 3 h caused an increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the gill and also increased catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in the liver. After 8 h of hypoxia, glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased. DNA damage (comet assay) in erythrocytes was reduced by hypoxia after 3 and 8 h. Fipronil exposure for 3 h decreased CAT activity in the gill, both under normoxia and hypoxia. After 8 h, the combination of fipronil and hypoxia increased GR activity in the gill. In the liver, fipronil exposure under hypoxia for 3 h increased CAT and GR activities; after 8 h, CAT was decreased, and GST increased. GR was also increased by fipronil under normoxia for 8 h. All treatments reduced lipid peroxidation levels in the gills, but in the liver, lipid peroxidation was increased by fipronil after 3 h under normoxia. Moreover, fipronil exposure under hypoxia for 3 and 8 h increased DNA damage in erythrocytes, while 8 h of fipronil exposure under normoxia decreased it, suggesting the activation of DNA repair mechanisms. Results show that both fipronil and hypoxia exposure significantly modulate the oxidative stress parameters of O. niloticus and that the combination of these factors produces more pronounced effects.

众所周知，急性缺氧会增加活性氧（ROS）的生成，从而导致抗氧化防御能力的改变。在缺氧事件中，污染物暴露会加剧 ROS 的生成，损害抗氧化防御能力，从而增加耐缺氧鱼类（如尼罗罗非鱼）对氧化应激的易感性。本研究的目的是评估尼罗罗非鱼对急性（3 和 8 小时）中度缺氧（溶解氧≤2 毫克/升-1）的氧化应激反应，以及这些反应如何受到同时暴露于杀虫剂氟虫腈（0.1 和 0.5 微克/升-1）的影响。缺氧 3 小时后，鳃中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性增加，肝脏中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）活性也增加。缺氧 8 小时后，谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性增加。缺氧 3 小时和 8 小时后，红细胞中的 DNA 损伤（彗星试验）因缺氧而减轻。8 小时后，氟虫腈和缺氧共同作用增加了鳃中的 GR 活性。在肝脏中，低氧条件下氟虫腈暴露 3 小时后，CAT 和 GR 活性增加；8 小时后，CAT 降低，GST 增加。所有处理都能降低鳃中的脂质过氧化水平，但在肝脏中，氟虫腈在常氧条件下暴露 3 小时后会增加脂质过氧化水平。此外，在缺氧条件下接触氟虫腈 3 小时和 8 小时会增加红细胞的 DNA 损伤，而在常氧条件下接触氟虫腈 8 小时会减少红细胞的 DNA 损伤，这表明 DNA 修复机制被激活。结果表明，氟虫腈和低氧暴露都能显著调节尼罗河豚的氧化应激参数，而且这两种因素结合使用会产生更明显的效果。

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引用次数: 0

Adverse effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on hatching rate, morphological alterations, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression in golden apple snail eggs 草甘膦除草剂对金苹果蜗牛卵的孵化率、形态改变和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）表达的不利影响。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107162

Phochit Nanthanawat , Wilaiporn Insuwan , Witchuda Prasatkaew , Jakkaphun Nanuam , Panomsak Meemon , Chutima Thanomsit

This research investigated the effects of glyphosate herbicide on golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) eggs, focusing on hatching rates, morphological changes, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression to explore its potential as a biomarker of exposure. Additionally, key bioactive components in golden apple snail eggs were characterized. The study demonstrated that glyphosate toxicity increased with both exposure time and concentration. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis revealed adverse morphological effects on eggs and embryos, including changes in shell structure and organ development. SDS-PAGE analysis identified four main protein bands, including Perivitellin 2 in three isoforms (98, 67, and 31 kDa) and Ovorubin (28 kDa). Lipids, phosphorus, and carbohydrates were identified as key components through Sudan Black B, Methyl Green, and Alcian Blue staining. AChE, with a molecular weight of 71 kDa, was further analyzed by Western blot, showing decreased expression with prolonged and higher concentrations of glyphosate exposure. GC–MS analysis identified major bioactive compounds in untreated eggs, including 3-Fluoro-β, 5-dihydroxy-N-methylbenzeneethanamine, 2-Aziridinylethylamine, and dextroamphetamine, which have pharmaceutical properties such as anti-hypertensive, diuretic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as potential applications in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. These compounds were present at lower levels in glyphosate-exposed groups, suggesting glyphosate's impact on the eggs' biochemical defense mechanisms. This study highlights the potential effects of glyphosate on golden apple snail eggs, which may have implications for future snail populations and aquatic ecosystems.

本研究调查了草甘膦除草剂对金苹果蜗牛（Pomacea canaliculata）卵的影响，重点关注孵化率、形态变化和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的表达，以探索其作为暴露生物标志物的潜力。此外，还对金苹果螺卵中的主要生物活性成分进行了鉴定。研究表明，草甘膦的毒性随接触时间和浓度的增加而增加。光学相干断层扫描（OCT）分析揭示了草甘膦对卵和胚胎的不良形态学影响，包括外壳结构和器官发育的变化。SDS-PAGE 分析确定了四种主要蛋白质条带，包括三种异构体的 Perivitellin 2（98、67 和 31 kDa）和 Ovorubin（28 kDa）。通过苏丹黑 B、甲基绿和阿尔新蓝染色，确定了脂质、磷和碳水化合物的主要成分。分子量为 71 kDa 的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）通过 Western 印迹进行了进一步分析，结果表明随着草甘膦暴露时间的延长和浓度的升高，乙酰胆碱酯酶的表达量有所下降。气相色谱-质谱分析确定了未处理鸡蛋中的主要生物活性化合物，包括 3-氟-β、5-二羟基-N-甲基苯乙胺、2-氮丙啶乙胺和右旋苯丙胺。这些化合物在草甘膦暴露组中的含量较低，表明草甘膦对鸡蛋的生化防御机制产生了影响。这项研究强调了草甘膦对金苹果蜗牛卵的潜在影响，这可能会对未来的蜗牛种群和水生生态系统产生影响。

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引用次数: 0

Trophic transfer effects of PS nanoplastics and field-derived nanoplastics in the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea PS 纳米塑料和源于野外的纳米塑料在淡水蛤蜊 Corbicula fluminea 中的营养转移效应。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107160

Oihana Latchere , Isabelle Métais , Hanane Perrein-Ettajani , Magalie Lemoing , Agnès Feurtet-Mazel , Patrice Gonzalez , Guillemine Daffe , Julien Gigault , Charlotte Catrouillet , Amélie Châtel , Magalie Baudrimont

Plastic pollution is of global concern. Many studies investigated the effect of micro and nanoplatics towards aquatic organisms. However, relatively few studies were assessed on freshwater organisms. Another aspect of this pollution is the impact of trophic transfer on plastic distribution and on food chain in order to evaluate its potential risk towards environmental and human health. In this context, the objective of this study was to assess the ecotoxicological impacts of different types of nanoplastics (NPs) on freshwater organisms exposed through trophic transfer. Freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus subspicatus were contaminated for 48 h with realistic concentrations of NPs (0.008, 10 and 100 µg/L). Two types of NPs were tested: commercial PS NPs and NPs generated from macro-sized plastics collected in the field (ENV NPs). Freshwater Corbicula fluminea bivalves were then fed with the contaminated algae every 48 h for 21 days. Results showed that trophic exposure led to the induction of oxidative stress (CAT activity). Overall, NPs trophic exposure caused downregulations of genes implicated in many cellular processes (immunity, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, endocytosis, apoptosis).

This present study allowed to demonstrate the relevance of investigating the trophic transfer effects of NPs on a freshwater trophic chain. Further studies should focus more on larger levels of the food chain.

塑料污染是全球关注的问题。许多研究调查了微塑料和纳米塑料对水生生物的影响。然而，针对淡水生物的研究相对较少。这种污染的另一个方面是营养转移对塑料分布和食物链的影响，以便评估其对环境和人类健康的潜在风险。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是评估不同类型的纳米塑料（NPs）对通过营养转移接触到的淡水生物的生态毒理学影响。淡水微藻类Scenedesmus subspicatus被实际浓度的NPs（0.008、10和100微克/升）污染48小时。测试了两种类型的 NPs：商用 PS NPs 和从野外收集的大尺寸塑料中生成的 NPs（ENV NPs）。然后每 48 小时用受污染的藻类喂养淡水双壳贝，持续 21 天。结果表明，营养暴露会诱导氧化应激（CAT 活性）。总体而言，营养性暴露会导致与许多细胞过程（免疫、氧化应激、神经毒性、内吞、细胞凋亡）有关的基因下调。本研究证明了研究 NPs 对淡水营养链的营养传递效应的意义。进一步的研究应更多地关注食物链的更高层次。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical-defensome and whole-transcriptome expression of the silverside fish Basilichthys microlepidotus in response to chronic pollution in the Maipo River basin, Central Chile 智利中部迈波河流域银鱼对慢性污染的化学防御组和全转录组表达。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107159

Jorge Cortés-Miranda , David Veliz , Noemí Rojas-Hernández , Ciro Rico , Catalina Gutiérrez , Caren Vega-Retter

Pollution is a major global concern affecting biodiversity, particularly of freshwater species. Populations have developed mechanisms to deal with pollution, such as the chemical defensome, which is a set of genes involved in maintaining internal stability. Pollution significantly affects the Maipo River basin in Chile. This area is home to the endemic silverside fish Basilichthys microlepidotus, whose populations are affected by pollution to different degrees. We assessed gene expression in the liver and gill of this species, focusing on whole-transcriptome and chemical-defensome levels, to identify both independent and shared mechanisms in response to pollution. The results showed that 14–18 genes were consistently expressed differently among populations in polluted areas. These genes were primarily involved in liver cell mitosis and in responses to organic chemicals and carcinogenic processes. Genes expressed differently in the gill were more abundant in immune system biological processes. All populations consistently downregulated chemical-defensome genes in the liver. In differentially expressed chemical-defensome genes, shared biological processes included virus response, cellular redox homeostasis and transport, organic cyclic compound response and DNA-templated transcription regulation. Studying chemical-defensome genes can help reveal common ways that pollution builds up over time, and examining the whole transcriptome can elucidate the context in which this response develops.

污染是影响生物多样性（尤其是淡水物种）的主要全球性问题。种群已经发展出了应对污染的机制，如化学防御体，这是一组参与维持内部稳定的基因。污染严重影响了智利的迈波河流域。该地区是特有银鱼（Basilichthys microlepidotus）的栖息地，其种群受到不同程度的污染影响。我们评估了该物种肝脏和鳃中的基因表达，重点是全转录组和化学抗原组水平，以确定独立和共享的污染响应机制。结果表明，14-18 个基因在不同污染区的种群中始终有不同的表达。这些基因主要参与肝细胞有丝分裂以及对有机化学物质和致癌过程的反应。在鳃中表达不同的基因在免疫系统生物过程中更为丰富。所有种群都一致地下调了肝脏中的化学防御基因。在差异表达的化学防御体基因中，共同的生物过程包括病毒反应、细胞氧化还原平衡和转运、有机环化合物反应和 DNA 触发的转录调控。研究化学抗感染基因组有助于揭示污染长期积累的共同方式，而研究整个转录组则可以阐明这种反应的发展背景。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoplastics and bisphenol A exposure alone or in combination induce hepatopancreatic damage and disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism in the Portunus trituberculatus 单独或同时接触纳米塑料和双酚 A 会导致三疣梭子蟹肝胰腺损伤和碳水化合物代谢紊乱。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107145

Xiaotian Wang , Shangjie Zhou , Yutong Huang , Pengfei Chu , Long Zhu , Xiaocong Chen

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely found endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). Nanoplastics (NPs) represent a novel environmental pollutant, and the combined toxicity of these pollutants on the hepatopancreas of marine arthropods is understudied. To investigate the potential risks associated with co-exposure to BPA and NPs on the hepatopancreas, Portunus trituberculatus was treated with 100 μg/L BPA, 10⁴ particles/L NPs, and a combination of 100 μg/L BPA + 10⁴ particles/L NPs for 21 days, respectively. Histological observation demonstrated that co-exposure severely damaged both hepatopancreas tissue and mitochondrial structure. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 1498 transcripts were differentially expressed under different exposure conditions, and these transcripts are involved in biological processes such as cellular processes and carbohydrate metabolism. BPA and NPs co-exposure modulate pyruvic acid (PA) levels by increasing the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK), leading to changes in glycogen and glucose (GLU) content within tissues, thus affecting glycolysis. The dysregulation of the CHI3L1, ACSS2 and ACYP2 genes induced by BPA and NPs co-exposure may collectively regulate the process of carbohydrate metabolism. Notably, the downregulation of the VPS4 gene and the upregulation of the GBA1, Pin1 and CCND2 gene may affect the cell cycle, potentially impacting cell proliferation after BPA and NPs co-exposure. These data indicate that co-exposure to BPA and NPs is more significantly cytotoxic and leads to changes in carbohydrate metabolism, cell proliferation, and histological damage in the hepatopancreas of P. trituberculatus. This knowledge emphasizes the need for proactive measures to mitigate the adverse effects of these environmental pollutants on human and ecological health while also providing valuable insights into the relevant molecular mechanisms.

双酚 A（BPA）是一种广泛存在的干扰内分泌的化学物质（EDC）。纳米塑料（NPs）是一种新型环境污染物，这些污染物对海洋节肢动物肝胰脏的综合毒性研究不足。为了研究同时暴露于双酚 A 和 NPs 对肝胰腺的潜在风险，三疣梭子蟹分别接受 100 μg/L 双酚 A、104 颗粒/L NPs 以及 100 μg/L 双酚 A + 104 颗粒/L NPs 的组合处理 21 天。组织学观察表明，共同暴露严重破坏了肝胰腺组织和线粒体结构。转录组分析显示，1498个转录本在不同暴露条件下有差异表达，这些转录本参与了细胞过程和碳水化合物代谢等生物过程。双酚 A 和 NPs 共同暴露会通过提高丙酮酸激酶（PK）的活性来调节丙酮酸（PA）水平，从而导致组织内糖原和葡萄糖（GLU）含量的变化，进而影响糖酵解。双酚 A 和 NPs 共同暴露诱导的 CHI3L1、ACSS2 和 ACYP2 基因失调可能共同调节碳水化合物代谢过程。值得注意的是，VPS4 基因的下调和 GBA1、Pin1 和 CCND2 基因的上调可能会影响细胞周期，从而可能影响双酚 A 和氮氧化物共同暴露后的细胞增殖。这些数据表明，同时暴露于双酚 A 和 NPs 会产生更显著的细胞毒性，并导致三疣梭子蟹肝胰脏的碳水化合物代谢、细胞增殖和组织学损伤发生变化。这些知识强调了采取积极措施减轻这些环境污染物对人类和生态健康的不利影响的必要性，同时也为相关的分子机制提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Proanthocyanidins mitigate the toxic effects in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) exposed to phenanthrene via Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway 原花青素通过Nrf2/NF-κB信号通路减轻泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）暴露于菲的毒性效应。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107158

Qiongya Fang , Ke Li , Xinyu Zhang , Xiaorui Liu , Siqi Jiao , Li Sun , Min Li , Guiqin Wang , Yidi Kong

Phenanthrene (PHE) is a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound that is ubiquitous in the environment and accumulates in aquatic products, thereby posing a risk to food safety. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) is widely distributed powerful antioxidants with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the alleviating effects of dietary OPC on oxidative stress, inflammatory suppression, and tissue damage caused by PHE exposure in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). In the study, loach was continuously exposed to 2.36 mg/L PHE for 28 days, after which they were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg OPC. The results displayed that PHE exposure resulted in significantly increased levels of liver health parameters (AST, ALT, COR, LDH, and ADA) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The PHE-exposed fish showed the lowest levels of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GSH, GST, GSH-Px, and GR) and the greatest levels of oxidative stress parameters (ROS and MDA). PHE exposure resulted in down-regulation of nrf2, ho-1, gsh-px, gst, and nqo-1, and up-regulation of keap-1 gene expressions in loach (P < 0.05). Moreover, PHE-induced decreased the levels of immunity indicators (CRP, MPO, C3, C4, IgM, and LYS). An up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes (nf-κb, il-1β, il-8, il-6, il-12, and tnf-α) and a down-regulation of anti-inflammatory gene il-10 were the consequences of the PHE exposure. In addition, tissues showed histopathological alterations including vacuolization (liver), displaced nuclei (liver), atrophy (gills), glomerular congestion (kidney), and inflammatory cell infiltration (spleen) caused by PHE. Notably, dietary supplementation of OPC augmented immuno-antioxidant parameters, including their key genes, reduced oxidative stress and immunosuppression, and ameliorated tissue damage compared to fish exposed to PHE. In summary, supplementation with 400 mg/kg OPC in the diets could effectively alleviate the oxidative damage and inflammatory response induced by PHE exposure in loach through the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway and enhance the defense ability against toxic substances of loach.

菲（PHE）是一种典型的多环芳烃化合物，在环境中无处不在，会在水产品中积累，从而对食品安全构成威胁。寡聚原花青素（OPC）是一种广泛分布的强效抗氧化剂，具有强大的抗氧化和抗炎特性。本研究旨在评估膳食 OPC 对泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）暴露于 PHE 所引起的氧化应激、炎症抑制和组织损伤的缓解作用。在这项研究中，泥鳅连续暴露于 2.36 毫克/升 PHE 28 天，然后喂食添加了 0、200、400 或 800 毫克/千克 OPC 的基础膳食。结果显示，与对照组相比，暴露于 PHE 会导致肝脏健康参数（AST、ALT、COR、LDH 和 ADA）水平显著升高（P < 0.05）。暴露于 PHE 的鱼的抗氧化酶（CAT、SOD、GSH、GST、GSH-Px 和 GR）水平最低，氧化应激参数（ROS 和 MDA）水平最高。PHE 暴露导致泥鳅的 nrf2、ho-1、gsh-px、gst 和 nqo-1 基因表达下调，keap-1 基因表达上调（P < 0.05）。此外，PHE 诱导的免疫指标（CRP、MPO、C3、C4、IgM 和 LYS）水平降低。暴露于 PHE 后，促炎基因（nf-κb、il-1β、il-8、il-6、il-12 和 tnf-α）上调，而抗炎基因 il-10 下调。此外，PHE 还导致组织病理学改变，包括空泡化（肝脏）、细胞核移位（肝脏）、萎缩（鳃）、肾小球充血（肾脏）和炎症细胞浸润（脾脏）。值得注意的是，与暴露于 PHE 的鱼类相比，膳食补充 OPC 可提高免疫抗氧化参数（包括其关键基因），减少氧化应激和免疫抑制，并改善组织损伤。综上所述，在日粮中添加 400 mg/kg OPC 可通过 Nrf2/NF-κB 信号通路有效缓解泥鳅因暴露于 PHE 而引起的氧化损伤和炎症反应，并增强泥鳅对有毒物质的防御能力。

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引用次数: 0

Establishment of a cell culture from the frog Leptodactylus fuscus as a model for (eco)toxicological assays 建立蛙类（Leptodactylus fuscus）细胞培养，作为（生态）毒理学试验的模型。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107157

Yure Jefferson da Cruz do Nascimento , Danilo Serrão Moutinho , Cesar Martins , Adauto Lima Cardoso , Lílian Lund Amado

Leptodactylus fuscus is a frog species widely distributed in the Neotropical region, occurring in several biomes, which makes it a potential biomonitor of environmental conditions. To advance the establishment of this species in this field, we developed a fibroblast-like cell line derived from the digits of the forelimbs (LFUfd) and evaluated its response to possible environmental stressors. An adult male L. fuscus was collected, anesthetized, and euthanized with eugenol. Digits from the forelimbs were extracted, decontaminated, and dissociated. Cells were plated and cultivated in vented flasks with DMEM/F12+GlutaMAX medium and 20% FBS at 28 °C. On the 15th passage, we made the chromosome preparations, where we placed them on slides and stained them with Giemsa for karyotype analysis. The cellular response to multiple stressors (Temperature, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Aluminum) was evaluated through the MTT assay. The temperature test evaluated two groups (28 °C and 37 °C for 24 h). The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was analyzed by treatment for 1 h at 28 °C in different concentrations (control, 2 μM, 20 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM and 200 μM). The effects of aluminum have been tested at three concentrations (0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, and 10 mg/L). The karyotype obtained showed 22 chromosomes, according to the description of the species, although a small proportion of aneuploid cells was observed (∼7%). At 37 °C there was a reduction in cell survival and no effects on cell viability at the H₂O₂ concentrations tested; however, there was a decrease in cell viability when exposed to aluminum in all the concentrations tested.. The growth behavior and karyotype observed indicate the establishment of a continuous cell culture with a stable genome that responds to environmental changes.

蛙类（Leptodactylus fuscus）是一种广泛分布于新热带地区的蛙类，出现在多个生物群落中，这使其成为环境条件的潜在生物监测器。为了推进该物种在这一领域的研究，我们开发了一种源自前肢指骨的成纤维细胞样细胞系（LFUfd），并评估了它对可能的环境压力因素的反应。我们采集了一只成年雄鱼，用丁香酚进行麻醉和安乐死。提取前肢的指骨，去污并离体。将细胞接种到装有 DMEM/F12+GlutaMAX 培养基和 20% FBS 的透气烧瓶中，在 28 °C下培养。第 15 个周期时，我们制备染色体，将其放在载玻片上，用 Giemsa 染色，进行核型分析。细胞对多种压力（温度、过氧化氢和铝）的反应通过 MTT 试验进行评估。温度测试评估了两组（28 °C和37 °C，24小时）。过氧化氢（H2O2）的影响是通过在 28 ℃ 下以不同浓度（对照、2 μM、20 μM、50 μM、100 μM 和 200 μM）处理 1 小时来分析的。在三种浓度（0.5 毫克/升、1 毫克/升和 10 毫克/升）下测试了铝的影响。根据物种描述，所获得的核型显示有 22 条染色体，但也观察到一小部分非整倍体细胞（∼7%）。在 37 °C的温度下，细胞存活率降低，在测试的 H2O2 浓度下，细胞存活率没有受到影响；然而，当暴露在所有测试浓度的铝中时，细胞存活率降低。观察到的生长行为和核型表明，建立了一种具有稳定基因组并能对环境变化做出反应的连续细胞培养。

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引用次数: 0

An adverse outcome pathway approach linking retinoid signaling disruption to teratogenicity and population-level outcomes 将视黄醇信号干扰与致畸性和人群结果联系起来的不良结果途径方法。

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107143

Audrey Phan, Aleksandra Sokolova, Klara Hilscherova

Recent research efforts in endocrine disruption have focused on evaluating non-EATS (estrogen, androgen, thyroid, and steroidogenesis) pathways. Retinoid signaling disruption is noteworthy because of its teratogenic effects and environmental relevance. However, current environmental risk assessments are limited in their ability to evaluate impacts on individuals and populations. This study characterizes an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) network linking retinoid signaling disruption to teratogenicity and survival in zebrafish. We identified Retinoic Acid Receptor (RAR) overactivation as the molecular initiating event leading to key events including craniofacial (CFM) and tail (TM) malformations, posterior swim bladder (SB) non-inflation, impaired swimming performance, and reduced feeding, ultimately resulting in decreased survival. Our study (1) determines critical sensitivity windows for CFM, posterior SB non-inflation, and TM, (2) provides quantitative measurements for CFM and TM, and (3) defines impacts on higher biological levels including food ingestion, swimming, and survival. Results show that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces strong teratogenic effects with sensitivity windows between 4 and 48 h post fertilization (hpf) for CFM, TM, and posterior SB non-inflation. TM is the most sensitive indicator, with EC₅₀ of 0.2 - 0.26 µg/L across exposure windows 4–48, 4–72, 4–96, and 4–120 hpf. Besides inducing known malformations, ATRA impaired posterior SB inflation with EC₅₀ of 1 - 1.21 µg/L across the same exposure windows. ATRA exposure (1 µg/L) resulted in 50 % food ingestion inhibition at 7 days post fertilization (dpf) and 10 % survival at 14 dpf. This study provides a regulatory-relevant framework linking developmental effects to population outcomes, highlighting ecological risks and needs for improved risk assessments.

近期有关内分泌干扰的研究重点是评估非 EATS（雌激素、雄激素、甲状腺和类固醇生成）途径。视黄醇信号干扰因其致畸效应和环境相关性而值得关注。然而，目前的环境风险评估在评估对个人和群体的影响方面能力有限。本研究描述了将视黄酸信号干扰与斑马鱼的致畸性和存活率联系起来的不良后果途径（AOP）网络。我们发现视黄酸受体（RAR）过度激活是导致颅面（CFM）和尾部（TM）畸形、后鳔（SB）不充气、游泳性能受损和摄食减少等关键事件的分子启动事件，最终导致存活率下降。我们的研究(1)确定了CFM、后鳔不充气和TM的临界敏感性窗口，(2)提供了CFM和TM的定量测量值，(3)确定了对摄食、游泳和存活等更高生物水平的影响。结果表明，全反式维甲酸（ATRA）会诱发强烈的致畸效应，其对CFM、TM和后SB不充气的敏感性窗口在受精后4到48小时（hpf）之间。TM是最敏感的指标，在4-48、4-72、4-96和4-120 hpf的暴露窗口中，EC50为0.2 - 0.26 µg/L。除了诱发已知的畸形外，ATRA 还会损害后 SB 膨涨，在相同的暴露窗口中，其 EC50 值为 1 - 1.21 µg/L。暴露于ATRA（1 µg/L）会导致受精后7天（dpf）的摄食抑制率为50%，14 dpf的存活率为10%。这项研究提供了一个与监管相关的框架，将发育影响与种群结果联系起来，突出了生态风险和改进风险评估的需要。

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引用次数: 0