Aquatic Toxicology最新文献_第10页

Mitigative effects of Vitamin C on deltamethrin-induced acute toxicity in crucian carp by modulating the AhR/Nrf2 signaling pathways 维生素C通过调节AhR/Nrf2信号通路对溴氰菊酯致鲫鱼急性毒性的缓解作用

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107617

Hao Wu , Jinwei Gao , Dong Liu , Xiangrong Liu , Feiming Chen , Jiayuan Qin , Yunfei Ye , Zhenzhen Xiong , Jiayu Wu , Can Yang , Min Xie , Rui Song , Dongsheng Ou

In recent years, deltamethrin (DEL) pollution poses a significant threat to aquaculture; however, the protective role of vitamin C (VC) against acute toxicity in crucian carp has not been well understood. This study provides compelling evidence that exposure to 2.0 mg/L waterborne VC significantly mitigates DEL-induced 96-hour mortality in crucian carp (p < 0.001). Importantly, this research represents the first documentation of the protective effects of waterborne VC in fish, which is mediated through the modulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway—a mechanism not previously reported in crucian carp. The observed protective effect is attributed to the enhancement of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses via this signaling pathway. Exposure to DEL at 6.2 μg/L resulted in severe oxidative stress, characterized by significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and depletion of catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver and intestine (p < 0.01). Histopathological damage, including hepatic vacuolation, shortened villi, and inflammation, as well as elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), was observed. Co-exposure to VC normalized antioxidant markers, reduced MDA and ROS levels, and alleviated tissue damage (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, VC counteracted the suppression of AhR/Nrf2 by DEL, leading to the statistically significant upregulation of antioxidant genes (gst, sod, cat) and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β, il6, tnfα) (p < 0.05). VC exhibited tissue-specific regulation by enhancing hepatic Nrf2 defenses and co-activating intestinal AhR/Nrf2, as confirmed by Western blot analysis. Our study shows that waterborne VC effectively protects against acute DEL toxicity under current experimental conditions, suggesting its potential as an eco-friendly emergency intervention in aquaculture during sudden pesticide exposure. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in complex pond systems and various fish species.

近年来，溴氰菊酯污染对水产养殖业构成重大威胁；然而，维生素C （VC）对鲫鱼急性中毒的保护作用尚不清楚。该研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明暴露于2.0 mg/L的水性VC可显著减轻del诱导的鲫鱼96小时死亡率（p < 0.001）。重要的是，本研究首次证实了水生VC对鱼类的保护作用，该作用是通过调控芳烃受体(AhR)/核因子-红系2相关因子2 （Nrf2）信号通路介导的，这一机制在鲫鱼中尚未报道。观察到的保护作用归因于通过该信号通路增强抗氧化和抗炎反应。6.2 μg/L DEL暴露导致严重的氧化应激，其特征是丙二醛（MDA）水平显著升高，肝脏和肠道中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的耗竭（p < 0.01）。观察到组织病理学损伤，包括肝空泡化、绒毛缩短、炎症以及活性氧（ROS）升高。VC共暴露可使抗氧化标志物正常化，降低MDA和ROS水平，减轻组织损伤（p < 0.05）。在机制上，VC抵消了DEL对AhR/Nrf2的抑制，导致抗氧化基因（gst、sod、cat）的上调和促炎细胞因子（il1β、il6、tnfα）的抑制，具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。Western blot分析证实VC通过增强肝脏Nrf2防御和共同激活肠道AhR/Nrf2表现出组织特异性调控。我们的研究表明，在目前的实验条件下，水性VC可以有效地防止急性DEL毒性，这表明它有可能成为水产养殖中突然农药暴露的生态友好型应急干预措施。需要进一步的研究来证实其在复杂池塘系统和各种鱼类中的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Mixture toxicity of perfluoroalkyl substances on the aquatic invertebrate Gammarus roeselii 全氟烷基物质对水生无脊椎动物沙鼠的混合毒性

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107618

Erwin J.J. Kalis, Johannes W. Zander, Juergen Geist, Sebastian Beggel

In recent years, PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) have been the focus of increasing attention due to their persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. Given the variety of PFAS compounds, and potential interacting effects on biota, assessment of mixture toxicity is crucial in risk assessment. In this study, the acute toxic effects of the perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), namely perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorosulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) on the freshwater amphipod Gammarus roeselii were investigated for the first time, considering single and mixture effects at different ratios. Under acute exposure scenarios, a higher toxicity of the perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with increasing chain length was demonstrated, with LC₅₀ values ranging from 9 to 65 mg/L. In addition, the toxicity of sulphonic acid derivatives (such as PFOS) was found to be five times higher than that of carboxylic acid derivatives (such as PFOA). The combination of different PFAS in mixtures showed a general additive toxicity effect, but the combination of a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFOS) with a perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFOA) suggests a slight synergistic effect. These results highlight the need for a better understanding of PFAS mixture effects, to improve environmental risk assessment and protection of aquatic and human health.

近年来，全氟烷基物质（全氟和多氟烷基物质）因其持久性、生物蓄积性和毒性而日益受到关注。考虑到PFAS化合物的多样性及其对生物群的潜在相互作用，混合毒性评估在风险评估中至关重要。本研究首次研究了全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟磺酸（PFOS）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）和全氟十烷酸（PFDA）等全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）对淡水片足动物Gammarus roeselii的急性毒性作用，并考虑了不同比例的单一和混合效应。在急性暴露情景下，全氟烷基羧酸（PFCAs）的毒性随链长增加而增加，LC50值为9至65 mg/L。此外，发现磺酸衍生物（如全氟辛烷磺酸）的毒性比羧酸衍生物（如全氟辛烷磺酸）的毒性高5倍。不同PFAS在混合物中的组合表现出一般的加性毒性效应，但全氟磺酸（PFOS）与全氟羧酸（PFOA）的组合显示出轻微的协同效应。这些结果突出表明，需要更好地了解PFAS混合效应，以改进环境风险评估和保护水生和人类健康。

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引用次数: 0

The scientific basis for addressing marine micro- and nanoplastic pollution: Informing effective monitoring and remediation frameworks 解决海洋微塑料和纳米塑料污染的科学基础：通报有效的监测和补救框架。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107615

Weiwei Huang , Wenzong Zhou , Yi juin Tay , Ji Liang , Zihan Zhou , Mingming Han , Chenxi Zhu , Jingyou Zhang , Yiming Li , Qichen Jiang , Weiwei Lv

The pollution of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), stemming from the degradation of macroplastics and other sources, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems. While analytical techniques such as hyperspectral imaging and mass spectrometry are crucial for their detection and monitoring, accurately identifying NPs remains a key challenge due to their nanoscale properties.

The ecotoxicological effects of these particles permeate the entire marine food web. From inhibited photosynthesis in phytoplankton to oxidative stress and reduced reproduction in primary consumers, the impacts are profound. These effects are transmitted to secondary consumers, manifesting as immunotoxicity and reproductive issues, and are further amplified in top predators through bioaccumulation, causing severe physiological harm. Concurrently, decomposers experience metabolic disruptions that compromise their ecological functions, thereby affecting benthic ecosystem health.

To counter these widespread impacts, a portfolio of remediation strategies is under development. These range from physical and chemical removal to biological degradation, with integrated hybrid methods representing the forefront of mitigation efforts. Ultimately, curbing the pervasive threat of MPs and NPs necessitates adaptive and comprehensive solutions.

微塑料（MPs）和纳米塑料（NPs）的污染源于宏观塑料和其他来源的降解，对海洋生态系统构成重大威胁。虽然高光谱成像和质谱等分析技术对其检测和监测至关重要，但由于其纳米级性质，准确识别NPs仍然是一个关键挑战。这些颗粒的生态毒理学效应渗透到整个海洋食物网中。从浮游植物的光合作用抑制到主要消费者的氧化应激和繁殖减少，影响是深远的。这些影响会传播给次级消费者，表现为免疫毒性和生殖问题，并通过生物积累在顶级捕食者中进一步放大，造成严重的生理伤害。同时，分解者经历代谢破坏，损害其生态功能，从而影响底栖生态系统的健康。为了应对这些广泛的影响，正在制定一系列补救策略。这些方法从物理和化学去除到生物降解，综合混合方法是缓解努力的前沿。最终，遏制MPs和NPs的普遍威胁需要适应性和全面的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics on the feeding behavior, oxidative stress, and accumulation of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in the mussel Mytilus unguiculatus 聚苯乙烯微/纳米塑料对褐贻贝摄食行为、氧化应激和腹泻贝类毒素积累的影响。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107614

Jiangbing Qiu , Guangyao Wu , Fangxiao Li , Aifeng Li

Polystyrene micro/nanoplastics (PS-MNPs) and microalgal toxins are widely distributed in marine environments. However, the impact of MNPs exposure on the accumulation of dissolved microalgal toxins in cultivated shellfish remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of PS-MNPs on the physiological status and diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) accumulation in the filter-feeding bivalve Mytilus unguiculatus. Results demonstrated that exposure to PS-MNPs significantly altered the grazing rates, condition index, and oxidative stress responses of mussels. Specifically, MNPs at a concentration of 10 mg L⁻¹ or a particle size of 1.0 µm initially promoted feeding activity, which then gradually returned to control levels. In contrast, a high concentration of smaller MNPs (0.1 µm particle size at 50 mg L⁻¹) caused prolonged suppression of feeding activity. Exposure to MNPs also induced mild oxidative stress characterized by transient increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in muscle tissue, while ROS concentrations in the digestive gland remained largely unchanged. Furthermore, MNPs significantly affected the accumulation of DSTs, including okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), particularly enhancing DTX1 accumulation under high MNPs loads. These changes in toxin accumulation highlight the potential for MNPs to affect both ecosystem health and seafood safety. Although the direct threat posed by MNPs at current environmental concentrations appears limited, their capacity to alter toxin accumulation and interact with other stressors, necessitates a more nuanced risk assessment framework. Future efforts should aim to understand these complex interactions and develop effective monitoring and mitigation strategies to protect marine ecosystems and ensure food safety.

聚苯乙烯微/纳米塑料（PS-MNPs）和微藻毒素在海洋环境中广泛分布。然而，MNPs暴露对养殖贝类中溶解微藻毒素积累的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨了PS-MNPs对滤食性双壳贝（Mytilus unguiculatus）生理状态和腹泻性贝类毒素（DSTs）积累的影响。结果表明，暴露于PS-MNPs显著改变了贻贝的放牧率、状态指数和氧化应激反应。具体来说，浓度为10 mg L - 1或粒径为1.0µm的MNPs最初促进了摄食活动，然后逐渐恢复到控制水平。相比之下,高浓度的小和基于(0.1µm粒度在50毫克L⁻1)造成长期喂养活动的抑制。暴露于MNPs还会诱导轻度氧化应激，其特征是肌肉组织中活性氧（ROS）水平短暂增加，而消化腺中的ROS浓度基本保持不变。此外，MNPs显著影响了冈田酸（OA）和甲藻毒素-1 （DTX1）等DSTs的积累，特别是在MNPs高负荷下促进了DTX1的积累。毒素积累的这些变化突出了MNPs影响生态系统健康和海产品安全的潜力。虽然MNPs在当前环境浓度下造成的直接威胁似乎有限，但它们改变毒素积累和与其他压力源相互作用的能力，需要一个更细致的风险评估框架。今后的努力应旨在了解这些复杂的相互作用，并制定有效的监测和缓解战略，以保护海洋生态系统和确保食品安全。

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引用次数: 0

Organic pollutants leaching from tire waste: Ecotoxicity implications for aquatic species 从轮胎废物中浸出的有机污染物：对水生物种的生态毒性影响。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107613

María Angeles González-Vázquez , Bob-B.M. Wong , Rob K. Niven , Donald Wlodkowic

Tire-derived chemicals are emerging contaminants of environmental concern due to their continuous release from tire wear particles and their widespread occurrence in surface waters. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the environmental fate and ecotoxicological effects of key tire-associated compounds, with a focus on organic pollutants like N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine 6PPD, 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG), hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM), and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). These substances differ markedly in their physicochemical properties, transformation pathways, and toxicological profiles. A detailed literature review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed studies and safety data sheets addressing the occurrence, persistence, and biological impacts of these compounds across aquatic taxa. The analysis revealed that 6PPD-Q, a transformation product of the antioxidant 6PPD, is acutely toxic to sensitive fish species such as coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) at nanogram-per-liter concentrations, raising immediate ecotoxicological concerns. In contrast, DPG and HMMM show lower acute toxicity but are associated with sub-lethal effects under chronic exposure scenarios, including developmental and behavioral alterations. MIBK, though less persistent and more volatile, remains relevant due to its episodic presence in roadway runoff. The review highlights consistent patterns of species-specific sensitivity, with fish being particularly vulnerable, while significant data gaps persist for amphibians and for mixture toxicity. Emerging evidence of behavioral and developmental impacts underscores the potential for population-level consequences. The aim of this synthesis is to inform future research priorities and support the development of risk assessment frameworks and regulatory strategies to address the ecological risks posed by tire-derived contaminants in aquatic environments.

轮胎衍生的化学物质由于其不断从轮胎磨损颗粒中释放出来并在地表水中广泛存在而成为环境关注的新兴污染物。本文综述了轮胎相关化合物的环境影响和生态毒理学效应，重点介绍了N-（1,3-二甲基丁基）-N'-苯基-对苯二胺6PPD、6PPD-醌（6PPD- q）、1,3-二苯基胍（DPG）、六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺（HMMM）和甲基异丁基酮（MIBK）等有机污染物。这些物质在物理化学性质、转化途径和毒理学特征上有明显的不同。进行了详细的文献综述，以确定同行评议的研究和安全数据表，解决这些化合物在水生分类群中的发生，持久性和生物影响。分析显示，6PPD- q是抗氧化剂6PPD的转化产物，对敏感的鱼类如鳕鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch）具有每升纳克浓度的急性毒性，立即引起生态毒理学关注。相比之下，DPG和HMMM表现出较低的急性毒性，但在慢性暴露情景下，包括发育和行为改变，具有亚致死效应。MIBK虽然不那么持久，更不稳定，但由于其在道路径流中的间歇性存在，仍然具有相关性。该综述强调了物种特异性敏感性的一致模式，鱼类特别容易受到伤害，而两栖动物和混合毒性的数据仍然存在重大差距。行为和发展影响的新证据强调了对人口水平的潜在影响。这一综合的目的是为未来的研究重点提供信息，并支持制定风险评估框架和监管战略，以解决水生环境中轮胎衍生污染物造成的生态风险。

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引用次数: 0

Reversibility of the reproductive toxicity induced by hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) 六氟环氧丙烷三聚酸（HFPO-TA）对成年斑马鱼生殖毒性的可逆性。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107610

Dan Yang, Xuan Ren, Xiaohui Zhao, Shasha Dong, Xiaoying Li, Yawei Shi, Ya Sun, Guanghui Ding

The reproductive toxicity of hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) in aquatic organisms is of great concern. However, the reproductive toxicity in adult fish and its reversibility, remain unknown. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to HFPO-TA at 0, 5, 50, and 100 μg/L for 60 days, and subsequently reared in clean water for further 60 days, to investigate the reversibility of the reproductive toxicity. Results revealed that the HFPO-TA exposure inhibited the maturation of oocytes and sperm, reduced average egg production and the fertilization rate, and disrupted sex hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish. Dysregulations of key genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis could lead to disruptions of the sex hormone homeostasis, resulting in the reproductive toxicity. After the 60-day recovery period, the fecundity and sex hormone homeostasis were largely restored, although the vitellogenin content in females remained elevated. The expression of most genes related to the HPGL axis tended to return to control levels, which promoted the recovery of the reproductive function in zebrafish. Therefore, the reproductive toxicity induced by HFPO-TA in zebrafish is reversible after a long-term recovery period, providing valuable information for its ecological risk assessment. Further studies should be conducted to explore mechanisms underlying the restoration of zebrafish from the reproductive toxicity.

六氟环氧丙烷三聚酸（HFPO-TA）对水生生物的生殖毒性备受关注。然而，对成年鱼的生殖毒性及其可逆性尚不清楚。本研究分别以0、5、50、100 μg/L的浓度暴露于成年斑马鱼60天，然后在清水中饲养60天，研究其生殖毒性的可逆性。结果表明，HFPO-TA暴露抑制了成年斑马鱼卵母细胞和精子的成熟，降低了平均产卵量和受精率，并破坏了性激素稳态。下丘脑-垂体-性腺-肝脏（HPGL）轴相关关键基因的失调可导致性激素稳态的破坏，从而导致生殖毒性。经过60天的恢复期，雌虫的生殖力和性激素平衡基本恢复，但卵黄原蛋白含量仍然偏高。大部分HPGL轴相关基因的表达趋于恢复到对照水平，促进了斑马鱼生殖功能的恢复。因此，HFPO-TA对斑马鱼的生殖毒性在长期恢复期后是可逆的，为其生态风险评估提供了有价值的信息。斑马鱼从生殖毒性中恢复的机制有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Nickel sensitivity across life stages and laboratory populations in the great pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis 大池塘蜗牛（lynaea滞螺）在生命阶段和实验室种群中的镍敏感性。

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107612

Kristi Weighman , Karel Viaene , Karel De Schamphelaere

Nickel (Ni) is a prevalent metal in aquatic ecosystems, introduced through both industrial activities and natural processes. While Ni is an essential trace element for some organisms, elevated environmental concentrations can have toxic effects on sensitive aquatic species. This study evaluates life stage-specific Ni sensitivity in the great pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, using chronic tests of growth, reproduction, and survival across developmental stages: freshly hatched juveniles, two-week-old juveniles, adults, and laboratory populations (composed of individuals at different life stages). L. stagnalis is an important species in the environmental risk assessment of Ni, exhibiting high but variable sensitivity to Ni exposure.

Freshly hatched snails were the most sensitive life stage, with significant growth inhibition observed at low Ni concentrations (6.0 µg Ni L⁻¹). Two-week-old juveniles exhibited intermediate sensitivity, while adult snails exhibited no observable effects on growth or reproduction at the highest tested Ni concentration (≥ 147.7 µg Ni L⁻¹). At the population level, significant reductions in density and reproduction occurred only at the highest tested Ni concentration (64.9 µg Ni L⁻¹) and only after prolonged exposure. These findings suggest that standard adult-based toxicity tests may underestimate the ecological risks of Ni to L. stagnalis, particularly for juvenile life stages and population-level endpoints.

This study highlights the importance of considering life stage-specific and population-level effects in environmental risk assessments for Ni and supports their consideration in chemical risk assessment more broadly.

镍（Ni）是水生生态系统中普遍存在的金属，通过工业活动和自然过程引入。虽然镍是一些生物必需的微量元素，但环境浓度升高会对敏感的水生物种产生毒性影响。本研究通过对不同发育阶段(刚孵化的幼螺、两周大的幼螺、成年螺和实验室种群（由不同生命阶段的个体组成）的生长、繁殖和存活进行慢性测试，评估了大塘螺（lynaea滞螺）对Ni的生命阶段特异性敏感性。停滞L.是镍环境风险评价的重要物种，对镍暴露具有高但可变的敏感性。刚孵出的蜗牛是最敏感的生命阶段，低Ni浓度（6.0µg Ni L-1）对蜗牛的生长有明显的抑制作用。两周龄的幼螺表现出中等敏感性，而在最高Ni浓度（≥147.7µg Ni L-1）下，成螺对生长和繁殖没有明显影响。在种群水平上，只有在测试的最高Ni浓度（64.9µg Ni L-1）和长时间暴露后，密度和繁殖才会显著减少。这些发现表明，标准的成人毒性试验可能低估了镍对停滞乳杆菌的生态风险，特别是在青少年生命阶段和种群水平终点。这项研究强调了在镍环境风险评估中考虑生命阶段特异性和人群水平效应的重要性，并支持在更广泛的化学品风险评估中考虑它们。

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引用次数: 0

Pharmaceutical-induced behavioural changes in freshwater species and mesocosm insights into potential population-level consequences 淡水物种中药物引起的行为变化和对潜在种群水平后果的中生态见解

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107611

Elien Versteegen , Andrea Wang , Xiangkun Wang , Edwin T.H.M. Peeters , Ivo Roessink , Paul J. van den Brink

Pharmaceutical contamination in aquatic environments, particularly from neuroactive drugs like antidepressants, potentially affects the behaviour of non-target organisms due to their effects on conserved neuroendocrine systems. Behavioural endpoints are increasingly investigated for risk assessment. However, their use in regulatory decision-making depends on their relevance to consequences at the population level.

This research aims to bridge the gap between behavioural effects and their implications for species’ populations. We investigated the effects of long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of two pharmaceuticals (0.001–100 µg/L carbamazepine and 0.01–100 µg/L citalopram) on two freshwater model organisms, the amphipod shrimp Gammarus pulex and the snail Lymnaea stagnalis, within a mesocosm setting. This approach enabled us to assess population-level responses in a natural setting. Additionally, we investigated the organisms’ speed, acceleration, curvature, thigmotaxis and responses to light stimuli of individuals exposed in the mesocosms via video tracking in a laboratory setting.

Our findings indicate that long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of carbamazepine and citalopram does not lead to behavioural changes in G. pulex. Its control mortality in the mesocosms was, however, substantial, most likely due to increased pH levels. This does, however, affect the reliability of the behavioural data for G. pulex in the carbamazepine treatment. On the other hand, carbamazepine and citalopram exposure can lead to minor alterations in the locomotion of L. stagnalis, particularly under citalopram exposure. These behavioural changes did not result in detectable population-level effects. This suggests that while behavioural endpoints may be sensitive indicators of pharmaceutical exposure, their ecological relevance remains uncertain under realistic environmental conditions. The findings underscore the importance of further research to connect subtle behavioural effects to population dynamics and ecosystem health, supporting more informed ecological risk assessments of pharmaceutical pollutants.

水生环境中的药物污染，特别是来自抗抑郁药等神经活性药物的污染，由于它们对保守的神经内分泌系统的影响，可能会影响非目标生物的行为。行为终点越来越多地被用于风险评估。但是，它们在管制决策中的使用取决于它们与人口一级的后果的相关性。这项研究旨在弥合行为影响及其对物种种群的影响之间的差距。我们研究了长期暴露于环境相关浓度的两种药物（0.001-100 μ g/L卡马西平和0.01-100 μ g/L西酞普兰）对两种淡水模式生物（片脚类虾Gammarus pulex和蜗牛Lymnaea滞海）的影响。这种方法使我们能够在自然环境中评估人口水平的反应。此外，我们在实验室环境中通过视频跟踪研究了暴露在中观环境中的个体的生物速度、加速度、曲率、趋向性和对光刺激的反应。我们的研究结果表明，长期暴露于环境相关浓度的卡马西平和西酞普兰不会导致G. pulex的行为改变。然而，它在中肠系膜的对照死亡率是可观的，很可能是由于pH值升高。然而，这确实会影响卡马西平治疗中G. pulex行为数据的可靠性。另一方面，卡马西平和西酞普兰暴露可导致停滞乳杆菌运动的微小改变，特别是在西酞普兰暴露下。这些行为变化并未导致可检测到的人口水平影响。这表明，虽然行为终点可能是药物暴露的敏感指标，但在现实环境条件下，其生态相关性仍然不确定。这些发现强调了进一步研究将细微的行为影响与种群动态和生态系统健康联系起来的重要性，从而支持对药物污染物进行更明智的生态风险评估。

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引用次数: 0

Sublethal effects of diclofenac and ibuprofen, individually and in mixture, in a Neotropical fish: A multi-biomarker assessment under environmentally realistic concentrations 双氯芬酸和布洛芬单独和混合对新热带鱼的亚致死效应：环境实际浓度下的多生物标志物评估

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107609

Carlos Eduardo Delfino Vieira , Amanda Cartucho de Jesus , Giovana Souza Branco , Pedro Sergio Fadini , Dayana Moscardi dos Santos , Renata Guimarães Moreira

Pharmaceutical contamination of aquatic ecosystems is a growing global concern, particularly in tropical regions where non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac (DCF) and ibuprofen (IBU) are frequently detected. This study investigated the sublethal effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of DCF, IBU, as well as their mixture (IBU+DCF) on the freshwater Neotropical fish Astyanax lacustris, using a multi-biomarker approach. Fish were exposed for 7 days, and biomarkers related to oxidative stress, detoxification, osmoregulation, genotoxicity, and endocrine function were evaluated. All treatments induced significant, tissue-specific biochemical alterations. The liver and testis were particularly affected, showing impaired antioxidant defences and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), especially under mixture exposure. The gills exhibited the same response pattern in all treatments, characterized by increased glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. The responses of antioxidant enzymes in the brain differed according to treatment. There was a decrease in GST activity in animals exposed to IBU and an increase in SOD activity in the IBU, DCF and IBU+DCF groups. The IBU+DCF mixture also stimulated gill Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity, suggesting disruption of prostaglandin-mediated osmoregulatory pathways. Erythrocyte DNA damage was significant across all treatments, with the mixture causing the most pronounced genotoxic effects. The Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index indicated higher overall biological disturbance in fish exposed to the mixture than to individual compounds. These findings highlight additive or synergistic toxic effects of DCF and IBU and underscore the ecological relevance of pharmaceutical mixtures. This study contributes important insights into the sublethal impacts of NSAIDs on native Neotropical fish and reinforces the need for more realistic environmental risk assessments that consider the complexity of contaminant mixtures in freshwater ecosystems.

水生生态系统的药物污染日益成为全球关注的问题，特别是在热带地区，那里经常检测到双氯芬酸（DCF）和布洛芬（IBU）等非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）。本研究采用多生物标志物方法研究了环境相关浓度的DCF、IBU及其混合物（IBU+DCF）对新热带淡水鱼Astyanax lacustris的亚致死效应。鱼暴露7天，评估与氧化应激、解毒、渗透调节、遗传毒性和内分泌功能相关的生物标志物。所有处理均诱导显著的组织特异性生化改变。肝脏和睾丸尤其受到影响，表现出抗氧化防御受损和脂质过氧化（LPO）增加，特别是在混合物暴露下。在所有处理中，鳃表现出相同的反应模式，其特征是谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）活性增加。大脑中抗氧化酶的反应根据治疗的不同而不同。IBU、DCF和IBU+DCF组暴露于IBU的动物GST活性降低，SOD活性升高。IBU+DCF混合物还刺激了gill Na + /K + - atp酶活性，表明前列腺素介导的渗透调节途径被破坏。红细胞DNA损伤在所有治疗中都是显著的，其中混合物引起最明显的基因毒性作用。综合生物标志物反应（IBR）指数表明，暴露于混合物中的鱼的整体生物干扰高于单个化合物。这些发现强调了DCF和IBU的加性或协同毒性作用，并强调了药物混合物的生态相关性。该研究为非甾体抗炎药对本地新热带鱼类的亚致死影响提供了重要见解，并强调了考虑淡水生态系统中污染物混合物复杂性的更现实的环境风险评估的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect and mechanism of ofloxacin and its enantiomer interfering with the gonadal axis of Rana nigromaculata in early development 氧氟沙星及其对映体干扰黑斑蛙早期发育性腺轴的作用及机制

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107600

Wenjun Zhang , Linyun Zhang , Chenyang Dong , Miaomiao Teng

Due to widespread use and continuous release, the residual concentration of ofloxacin(OF), a kind of chiral compound, in aquatic environment is increasing. At the level of enantiomers, we study the stereoselective effect and mechanism OF interfering with the gonadal axis of Rana nigromaculata in early development. After 75-day exposure to 1 ug/L OF (including 0.5 ug/L levofloxacin and 0.5 ug/L dexofloxacin) and 1 ug/l LEV, we found LEV exposure treatment could regulate the levels of proteins related to gonadal development by acting on oxidative stress levels, thus inhibiting ovarian development or differentiation. Finally, the number of female individuals in LEV exposure treatment group decreased, which was due to the enantioselective binding of LEV to ER. Even if it was not reflected at the apparent level, OF might have a potential de-feminization effect. OF exposure treatment could down-regulate the levels of E2, CYP19 and VTG by acting on SOD. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that LEV and OF had different effects and mechanisms on gonadal development, including progesterone-mediated oocytematization and releasing and migrating of gonadotropin. Our study provides theoretical and practical reference for accurate evaluation and scientific control of the ecological risk of chiral antibiotics.

Synopsis

Our research provided a new perspective for aquatic ecological risk assessment of chiral antibiotics.

氧氟沙星是一种手性化合物，由于其广泛使用和持续释放，其在水生环境中的残留浓度不断增加。在对映体水平上，我们研究了干扰黑斑马蛙发育早期性腺轴的立体选择效应及其机制。在暴露于1 ug/L OF（包括0.5 ug/L左氧氟沙星和0.5 ug/L右氧氟沙星）和1 ug/L LEV 75天后，我们发现LEV暴露处理可以通过作用于氧化应激水平来调节性腺发育相关蛋白的水平，从而抑制卵巢的发育或分化。最后，LEV暴露处理组雌性个体数量减少，这是由于LEV与ER的对映选择性结合。即使它没有在表面上反映出来，OF也可能具有潜在的去女性化效果。OF暴露处理可通过作用于SOD而下调E2、CYP19和VTG水平。GO和KEGG富集分析显示LEV和OF对性腺发育有不同的影响和机制，包括孕激素介导的卵母细胞化和促性腺激素的释放和迁移。本研究为准确评价和科学控制手性抗生素的生态风险提供了理论和实践参考。本研究为手性抗生素的水生生态风险评价提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0