Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"Impact of meteorological uncertainties on PM2.5 forecast: An ensemble air quality forecast study during 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics","authors":"Wei Wen ,&nbsp;Liyao Shen ,&nbsp;Li Sheng ,&nbsp;Xin Ma ,&nbsp;Jikang Wang ,&nbsp;Chenggong Guan ,&nbsp;Guo Deng ,&nbsp;Hongqi Li ,&nbsp;Bin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research constructed an air quality ensemble forecasting model consisting of fifteen members using the China Meteorological Administration regional ensemble forecasting system (CMA_REPS) and Comprehensive Air Quality Model Extensions (CAMx) models to investigate the influence of atmospheric field uncertainty on air quality simulations. Focusing on the Beijing Winter Olympics in February 2022, this study examines the effects of both ground-level and vertical meteorological conditions on PM_2.5 concentration distributions. The simulation accuracy of the model was validated, and its performance was analyzed. Results revealed that the ensemble mean simulations exhibit high correlation coefficients with observations for temperature (0.95), wind speed (0.80), relative humidity (0.83), and pressure (0.99). Both the control forecast and the ensemble mean for PM_2.5 concentration aligned well with observations, with the ensemble mean demonstrating a strong correlation between the root mean square error and ensemble spread. In terms of reducing the false alarm rate (FAR) and improving the Bias Score (BS), the ensemble mean outperformed the control forecast. The control forecast for PM_2.5 concentration was found to be more accurate at and around pollutant concentration inflection points, which may be attributed to simulation deviations in temperature and pressure that introduce uncertainty in atmospheric stability simulations. The correlation between PM_2.5 and various meteorological elements varied during different periods. The vertical distribution of meteorological factors also significantly affected simulation outcomes, particularly uncertainties in simulating wind speed and inversion temperature processes, which further contributed to the uncertainty in pollutant simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 121027"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter and airborne microorganisms in a construction site in Graz, Austria","authors":"Doris Haas ,&nbsp;Sarah R. Pikal ,&nbsp;Herbert Galler ,&nbsp;Juliana Habib ,&nbsp;Tina Moser ,&nbsp;Petra Ofner-Kopeinig ,&nbsp;Michael Schalli","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During construction work, the number of dust particles in the air can increase, which is also leading to a higher load of bioaerosols being transported. This study measured the concentrations of particulate matter, bacteria and fungi in the area of a large construction site at the Medical University of Graz. The measurements were carried out in the period of 1 year at three measuring sites outdoors and two indoors in a neighboring building. <em>Aspergillus</em> spp., <em>Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus)</em>, <em>Penicillium</em> spp. and <em>Cladosporium</em> spp., ubiquitous in the air, were considered as indicators for air pollution. The particle concentration was determined by using the APC M3 Airborne Particle Counter. The concentration of microorganisms was measured by MAS-100 NT®. The results showed that on the construction site, the median concentrations of particulate matter (3.6 x 10⁷ m⁻³) were positively correlated with the outdoor measuring sites and the indoor air (2.0 x 10⁷ m⁻³). The fine particles increased at low temperatures, especially in winter and the coarse particles increased in summer. At the construction site, the bacterial load was 1.5 times lower than those in the indoor air in contrast, the fungal spores were significantly higher. It was found that the coarse particles correlated positively with the bacteria and the genus <em>Cladosporium</em> and the fine particles with the genera <em>Penicillium</em> and <em>Aspergillus</em>. At low air temperature the fine particles, the genera <em>Aspergillus</em> and <em>Penicillium</em> increased with altitude. Bacteria and <em>Aspergillus</em> spp. were wind speed dependent. Future studies are needed to investigate dust particle and bioaerosol concentrations during different construction stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 121025"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143307760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements and model results of a two-year dataset of ammonia exchange over a coniferous forest in the Netherlands","authors":"E.A. Melman ,&nbsp;S. Rutledge-Jonker ,&nbsp;K.F.A. Frumau ,&nbsp;A. Hensen ,&nbsp;W.A.J. van Pul ,&nbsp;A.P. Stolk ,&nbsp;R.J. Wichink Kruit ,&nbsp;M.C. van Zanten","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study we present and analyse a two-year dataset of NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> exchange over a temperate Douglas fir forest in the Netherlands. The atmospheric NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> concentration ([NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>]) was measured at multiple heights above the canopy in 2009 and 2010. We applied the aerodynamic gradient method combined with four different methods for roughness sublayer correction to calculate fluxes. The results with and without this correction were on average similar, but instantaneous differences can be up to 30%. We evaluated a 1-D inferential model (DEPAC). The reference run tended to overestimate deposition and did not predict emission. The observed stomatal emission potential (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Γ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) agrees well with values from literature and the modelled relation in DEPAC. The model performance strongly improved after implementation of a temperature dependent scaling factor in the external leaf pathway. We estimated the annual deposition load by combining observed and modelled fluxes and subsequent extrapolation of the mean (median) flux to be <span><math><mrow><mn>11</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math></span> (<span><math><mrow><mn>8</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></math></span>) kg N ha⁻¹ in 2009 and <span><math><mrow><mn>11</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span> (<span><math><mrow><mn>8</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></math></span>) kg N ha⁻¹ in 2010. Compared to historical measurements in the nineties at the same site, the [NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>] has stayed approximately constant and the deposition has decreased. Further research has to be done to better quantify these trends and to assess how the newly proposed external leaf pathway in DEPAC behaves in large scale transport models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 120976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for detecting natural dust source regions using satellite and ground-based measurements","authors":"Jae-Hyeong Lee ,&nbsp;Sang-Hyun Lee ,&nbsp;Jeong Hoon Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel approach for identifying natural dust source regions, utilizing a combination of satellite and ground-based measurements. Unlike previous methods that relied solely on either satellite-derived land-cover characteristics or surface dust observations, this new method harmoniously integrates both. Its strength lies in accurately identifying natural dust source regions and their spatio-temporal variations by reflecting the satellite-based land-cover characteristics, ground vegetation, and snow-cover conditions obtained from natural dust source regions. Vegetation bareness index (B) and snow coverage index (S) were defined to represent the ground conditions, and their threshold values were determined by statistically combining satellite-derived data and ground dust detection records. A comparison of the new method against previous methods in identifying natural dust source regions in East Asia showed that the new method could accurately identify major dust source regions spanning the Tibetan Plateau, inner Mongolia, and the Horqin Desert in northeastern China, along with parts of Russia and Kazakhstan. In contrast, previous satellite-based methods either significantly underestimated the dust source regions, including only the Gobi and Taklimakan deserts, or overestimated by broadly covering the East Asian regions. The new method also proved superior in detecting monthly variation of the East Asian dust source regions due to short vegetation. The findings indicate that this new method effectively overcomes the limitations of previous methods, suggesting being beneficial in natural dust modeling through an accurate representation of natural dust source regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 121024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143307759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational ozone forecasting system in Mexico City: A machine learning framework integrating forecasted weather and historical ozone data","authors":"Olmo Zavala-Romero ,&nbsp;Pedro A. Segura-Chavez ,&nbsp;Pablo Camacho-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Jorge Zavala-Hidalgo ,&nbsp;Agustin R. Garcia ,&nbsp;Pavel Oropeza-Alfaro ,&nbsp;Rosario Romero-Centeno ,&nbsp;Octavio Gomez-Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mexico City, a densely populated urban area, experiences multiple episodes of elevated air pollution almost every year. To mitigate the impact of these pollution episodes on the population, it is important to improve forecast systems that allow government authorities to take preventive actions, reducing the exposure of vulnerable groups. This study introduces a pilot operational ozone forecasting system based on machine learning. The proposed system is trained using historical data from a long-standing governmental air quality and atmospheric monitoring network, and with meteorological reanalysis data from a regional implementation of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for Mexico. Additional input features are incorporated, including cyclical time encoding for the day of the week, time of day, and day of the year, to improve system accuracy. Once trained, the system utilizes real-time data from multiple atmospheric stations and regional meteorological forecasts to predict ozone levels for the following 24 h. This study evaluates the impact of data augmentation and the advantages of integrating meteorological forecast information into the model. The model achieves a mean absolute error (MAE) of 9.81 ppb and an index of agreement of 0.91 across all stations. For the top 10 stations, the MAE falls below 8.7 ppb, and the index of agreement exceeds 0.93. The system’s performance is comparable to similar systems in other large metropolitan areas and represents an improvement over the existing systems in Mexico City. This operational system is available at <span><span>https://aire.atmosfera.unam.mx/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 121017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the origins of ultrafine particles in a major city using long-term datasets: Evidence of a new midday process","authors":"Hosna Movahhedinia ,&nbsp;Nathan Hilker ,&nbsp;Cheol-Heon Jeong ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Wang ,&nbsp;Greg J. Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121006","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ultrafine particles (UFPs) are both directly emitted from human activities and produced through atmospheric processes. The origins of ultrafine particles were explored in an urban area by analyzing 6 to 520 nm particle size data collected from 2006 to 2021 near a busy roadway in downtown Toronto, Canada. Days were classified into five categories: Strong Nucleation, Midday Pollution, Traffic Pollution, Baseline, and Mixed. Strong Nucleation days, which comprised about 6% of the days, showed long nucleation events (¿ 3 hr) with an average particle number concentration of 3.1±0.1&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; #/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;cm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; around noon (10 am to 2 pm). Midday Pollution days also exhibited higher particle concentrations around noon with an average of 3.3±0.06&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; #/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;cm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. The higher number concentrations on these days appeared to arise from locally emitted UFP and be associated with enhanced production of UFP within vehicle exhaust plumes. The Traffic Pollution days showed morning traffic emissions, with no midday rise. The average total UFP concentration around the morning rush hour (6 am to 9 am) on these days was 2.1±0.2&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; #/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;cm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. About 27% of the days had lower particle number concentrations (daily average: 1.2±0.2&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; #/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;cm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) throughout the day. The number concentrations were lower on these “Baseline days” and the influence of traffic emissions was also lower but still observable in the diurnal pattern. Lastly, Mixed days were the days that showed higher than Baseline concentrations of UFP around the morning rush hour (2.0±0.06&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; #/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;cm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) or midday (2.3±0.1&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; #/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;cm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;); UFP on these days came from a mix of traffic pollution, nucleation event, or a midday process, with no one of these sources clearly dominant. These days could not be categorized into any of these categories with confidence. Analysis of the organic ","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 121006"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectory analyses for associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with incident cardiopulmonary diseases, and death: A cohort study of UK Biobank","authors":"Miao Liu ,&nbsp;Wenya Bai ,&nbsp;Yudan Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zhang ,&nbsp;Weiqing Chen ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although air pollution has been reported to be related to cardiopulmonary diseases, the evidence available for the effects on multimorbidity progression across different stages was unclear. Based on 273,388 residents from the UK biobank, we carried out the multistate model to explore the relations of long-term exposure to air pollution with hazard ratios (HRs) of transitions among respiratory diseases, ischemic heart disease (IHD)and death, and mediation analyses to assess the role of intermediate diseases played in such associations. During a median follow-up of 10.8 years, 11,774 participants had first respiratory diseases, of which 1,268 (10.77%) developed IHD, and 15,002 had first IHD, of which 1,336 (8.91%) developed respiratory diseases. PM_2.5, NO₂, and NO_X were consistently and significantly associated with the risk of transitions from baseline to respiratory diseases and IHD, from respiratory diseases to IHD and death, from IHD to respiratory diseases and death, particularly among overweight and obese adults. The strongest risk for IHD subsequently progressing respiratory diseases was observed with HRs (95% CI) of 1.160 (1.069, 1.259), 1.173 (1.073, 1.283), 1.123 (1.047, 1.205) whereby an interquartile range increased in PM_2.5, NO₂, and NO_X, respectively. Furthermore, intermediated diseases were partially involved in the association of air pollution with subsequent diseases and death. Accordingly, our findings provided evidence of positive and dose-responsive associations of air pollution and risk of multiple transitions among cardiopulmonary diseases, and death, particularly for IHD subsequently developed respiratory diseases, which suggesting more attention ought to pay for a far-profound influence of air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 121021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the potential gain in life expectancy by improving air quality for ambient ozone in eastern China","authors":"Jingjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Yixiang Wang ,&nbsp;Minjin Peng ,&nbsp;Jiajun Shen ,&nbsp;Yalin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxi Tan ,&nbsp;Hao Zheng ,&nbsp;Yunquan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Short-term ambient ozone (O₃) exposure is widely linked to heightened mortality risk, while its effects on life expectancy remain largely unstudied. This multi-city time-series study aims to assess the potential gain in life expectancy (PGLE) from reduced O₃ concentrations in eastern China. Generalized additive model was applied to quantify city-specific effects of short-term O₃ exposure on years of life lost (YLL), and associations at the provincial level were pooled through random-effects meta-analysis. By assuming that daily O₃ level met the World Health Organization air quality guideline 2021 (WHO AQG 2021) and interim target 2 (IT-2), we estimated PGLE and attributable fraction (AF) of YLL on the basis of counterfactual analysis. Approximately 1.9 million nonaccidental deaths were included in the analysis. We observed a pooled estimate of 0.44% (95% confidence interval: 0.36%, 0.52%) in excess risk and 0.56 (0.39, 0.72) years increase in YLL (per million population) for each 10-μg/m³ rise in 2-day moving average O₃. By reducing daily O₃ concentrations to WHO IT-2 and WHO AQG 2021, we estimated that 0.13 million (AF = 0.56%) and 0.22 million (AF = 0.97%) years of YLL could be avoided per million population, equivalent to the PGLE of 0.054 (0.038, 0.070) years and 0.094 (0.066, 0.121) years for each death, respectively. This study provided province-wide evidence for prolonged population life expectancy by achieving cleaner air quality for ambient O₃ in eastern China, underscoring the great public health significance through implementing more stringent standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"344 ","pages":"Article 121020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant contributions of fresh and aged biomass burning organic aerosol from residential burning in a wintertime urban environment","authors":"Christos Kaltsonoudis ,&nbsp;Kalliopi Florou ,&nbsp;John K. Kodros ,&nbsp;Spiro D. Jorga ,&nbsp;Christina N. Vasilakopoulou ,&nbsp;Haroula D. Baliaka ,&nbsp;Angeliki Matrali ,&nbsp;Andreas Aktypis ,&nbsp;Maria P. Georgopoulou ,&nbsp;Athanasios Nenes ,&nbsp;Spyros N. Pandis","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) was quantified and characterized during a period of elevated emissions from residential heating at a Mediterranean urban area. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) of the measurements from a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) indicated that biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) was the dominant organic aerosol (OA) component during this period accounting for 52% of the total OA with the rest of the sources being traffic (10%), cooking (13%) and oxygenated OA (OOA 24%). One fourth (25%) of the BBOA had undergone chemical aging and was identified as aged BBOA. Organonitrates correlated highly with this aged BBOA factor. Reactions of the biomass burning emissions with nitrate radicals during nighttime appeared to be the major source of aged BBOA. Our findings strongly suggest that the BBOA estimated from AMS factor analyses in urban environments during the winter is a lower limit of the biomass burning contribution to OA. A significant fraction of the OA from biomass burning is included in the OOA factor. The average PM_2.5 oxidative potential (DTT_m) measured during the campaign was 14 ± 4.5 pmol min⁻¹ μg⁻¹, elevated during periods when BBOA chemical aging was favorable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 121018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal distribution, species, and potential source analysis of atmospheric particulate mercury in the Yellow and Bohai seas","authors":"Bing Mo ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Xixi Chong ,&nbsp;Ruhai Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Zheng ,&nbsp;Xuyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Dongting Li ,&nbsp;Xue Ding ,&nbsp;Xianxiang Luo ,&nbsp;Fengmin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.121019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distribution characteristics of total particulate mercury (TPM), as well as the species of mercury in particulate matter in the winter and summer in the Yellow and Bohai Seas (YBS), were not well understood. Total suspended particulate matter (TSP) samples were collected to determine the concentration level, species characteristics, and potential sources of TPM in the YBS. The annual average TPM concentration in the YBS was 40.4 ± 30.1 pg/m³, and the seasonal variation of TPM followed the order of spring (63.3 ± 26.8 pg/m³), winter (49.6 ± 21.8 pg/m³) and summer (12.7 ± 11.3 pg/m³). The average TPM concentration of the Bohai Sea and the North Yellow Sea (NYS) was higher than that in the South Yellow Sea (SYS). The average concentrations of volatile particulate mercury (VPM) and reactive particulate mercury (RPM) were 0.07 pg/m³ and 0.40 pg/m³, respectively. RPM/TPM exhibited the highest levels in the SYS during the winter and summer seasons. Polluted air masses from northern China in winter, southern China (such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions) in spring, eastern coastal provinces of China, and parts of Japan and South Korea in summer were identified as significant sources of TPM in the YBS. Coal combustion accounted for 77.4% of the total TPM emissions, which was the main source of TPM in the YBS. Secondary aerosol played an important role in the transformation of particulate mercury species. The total annual dry deposition of TPM in the YBS was estimated to be 11.6 t/yr, highlighting the significant role of dry deposition as a source of mercury in the YBS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 121019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}