Jiraporn Punyoo, L. Pothiban, Usanee Jintrawet, J. Mesukko, Sanit Reungrongrat
A child’s hospitalization in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is a stressful and suffering situation affecting the parents. This correlational study aims to investigate the predicting factors of parents’ psychological well-being with regard to a critically ill child in the PICU. The participants were 100 parents with a child hospitalized in one of the five PICUs of five tertiary hospitals. The research instruments included the Demographic Recording Form, the Child’s Behavioral and Emotional Responses Scale, the Sense of Coherence Scale-Short Form (SOC-13), Thai Version, the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS), the Buddhist Belief Questionnaire, the Modified Version of Social Support Questionnaire, Thai Version, and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results of hierarchical multiple regression showed that religious belief, the child's behavioral and emotional responses, sense of coherence, coping, and social support could explain 36 % of the variance in the psychological well-being of parents of a critically ill child. The factors that made significant contributions to the model were religious belief (β = 0.29, p < 0.01), sense of coherence (β = 0.27, p < 0.01), the child’s behavioral and emotional responses (β = -0.24, p < 0.01), social support (β = 0.22, p < 0.05), and coping (β = 0.17, p < 0.05). The results of this study may serve as preliminary information for nurses in planning nursing interventions in order to enhance the psychological well-being of the parents.
儿童在儿童重症监护病房(PICU)住院是一种影响父母的压力和痛苦的情况。本研究旨在探讨重症监护患儿家长心理健康状况的预测因素。参与者是在五家三级医院的五个picu之一住院的儿童的100名家长。研究工具包括人口统计记录表、儿童行为与情绪反应量表、泰国版连贯感短表(SOC-13)、Jalowiec应对量表(JCS)、佛教信仰问卷、泰国版社会支持修正问卷、心理一般幸福感指数(PGWBI)。数据分析采用描述性统计、Pearson相关、Spearman等级相关系数和分层多元回归。层次多元回归的结果显示，宗教信仰、儿童的行为和情绪反应、一致性、应对和社会支持可以解释危重儿童父母心理健康差异的36%。宗教信仰(β = 0.29, p < 0.01)、连贯感(β = 0.27, p < 0.01)、行为和情绪反应(β = -0.24, p < 0.01)、社会支持(β = 0.22, p < 0.05)和应对(β = 0.17, p < 0.05)对模型有显著贡献。本研究结果可为护理人员制定护理干预措施，提高家长的心理健康水平提供初步参考。
{"title":"Factors Associated with Psychological Well-being among Parents of a Critically Ill Child in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Jiraporn Punyoo, L. Pothiban, Usanee Jintrawet, J. Mesukko, Sanit Reungrongrat","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.5036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.5036","url":null,"abstract":"A child’s hospitalization in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is a stressful and suffering situation affecting the parents. This correlational study aims to investigate the predicting factors of parents’ psychological well-being with regard to a critically ill child in the PICU. The participants were 100 parents with a child hospitalized in one of the five PICUs of five tertiary hospitals. The research instruments included the Demographic Recording Form, the Child’s Behavioral and Emotional Responses Scale, the Sense of Coherence Scale-Short Form (SOC-13), Thai Version, the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS), the Buddhist Belief Questionnaire, the Modified Version of Social Support Questionnaire, Thai Version, and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results of hierarchical multiple regression showed that religious belief, the child's behavioral and emotional responses, sense of coherence, coping, and social support could explain 36 % of the variance in the psychological well-being of parents of a critically ill child. The factors that made significant contributions to the model were religious belief (β = 0.29, p < 0.01), sense of coherence (β = 0.27, p < 0.01), the child’s behavioral and emotional responses (β = -0.24, p < 0.01), social support (β = 0.22, p < 0.05), and coping (β = 0.17, p < 0.05). The results of this study may serve as preliminary information for nurses in planning nursing interventions in order to enhance the psychological well-being of the parents.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123580116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patcharee Komjakraphan, K. Tsuruta, Tamayo Hasagawa, Toshihiko Yanagita, A. Hombu, Piyanuch Jitanoon, Karnsunaphat Balthip
Researchers from Thailand and Japan have initiated a collaborative project to compare the Quality of Work Life (QWL) among public health nurses. Thus, the QWL of registered nurses working in a community in Thailand was identified and compared with the Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in Japan. The purpose of which was to determine the similarities and differences between the two countries regarding their nurses’ quality of work life. The 42-item of Brooks’ survey of Quality of Nursing Work Life (QNWL) was translated and evaluated in Thailand and Japan. There were 102 Thai and 209 Japanese public health nurses completed the questionnaire. Findings showed that the QNWL level of both Thai and Japanese PHNs were at moderate level. Thai nurses scored higher than Japanese nurses in overall scores. Thai reported significantly higher on work design dimensions (t = 9.12, p < 0.05). For both groups, three out of four dimensions were ranked in the same pattern in which home life/work life was recorded as the lowest. This was followed by work design and work context. However, Thai scored lowest on work world dimension, while Japanese scored highest on that dimension. Findings also showed significant association between country and age groups (χ2 = 20.01, p = 0.00, marital status (χ2 = 6.50, p = 0.01), education (χ2 = 70.05, p = 0.00), and dependent family members (χ2 = 128.16, p = 0.00). No significant association was noted between country and gender (χ2 = 0.37, p = 0.54), and between country and work experience (χ2 = 2.88, p = 0.23).The findings extended our understanding of the Public Health Nurse’s quality of work life that contributes to nursing in different cultural contexts through a rare direct comparison of Public Health Nurses between Thailand and Japan.
来自泰国和日本的研究人员发起了一个合作项目，比较公共卫生护士的工作生活质量(QWL)。因此，我们确定了在泰国某社区工作的注册护士的QWL，并与日本的公共卫生护士(phn)进行了比较。其目的是确定两国护士工作生活质量的异同。布鲁克斯的护理工作生活质量调查(QNWL)的42个项目在泰国和日本进行了翻译和评估。共有102名泰国公共卫生护士和209名日本公共卫生护士完成问卷。结果显示，泰国和日本phn的QNWL水平均处于中等水平。泰国护士的总体得分高于日本护士。泰国在工作设计维度上的报告显著高于泰国(t = 9.12, p < 0.05)。对于这两组人来说，四个维度中有三个维度的排名模式相同，其中家庭生活/工作生活被记录为最低。其次是工作设计和工作环境。然而，泰国人在工作世界这一维度上得分最低，而日本人在这一维度上得分最高。国家和年龄(χ2 = 20.01, p = 0.00)、婚姻状况(χ2 = 6.50, p = 0.01)、受教育程度(χ2 = 70.05, p = 0.00)、受抚养家庭成员(χ2 = 128.16, p = 0.00)之间也存在显著相关性。国家和性别之间无显著相关性(χ2 = 0.37, p = 0.54)，国家和工作经验之间无显著相关性(χ2 = 2.88, p = 0.23)。通过对泰国和日本的公共卫生护士进行罕见的直接比较，研究结果扩展了我们对不同文化背景下公共卫生护士工作生活质量的理解，这有助于护理。
{"title":"Quality of Work Life among Public Health Nurses: A Survey Comparison between Thailand and Japan","authors":"Patcharee Komjakraphan, K. Tsuruta, Tamayo Hasagawa, Toshihiko Yanagita, A. Hombu, Piyanuch Jitanoon, Karnsunaphat Balthip","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.4315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.4315","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers from Thailand and Japan have initiated a collaborative project to compare the Quality of Work Life (QWL) among public health nurses. Thus, the QWL of registered nurses working in a community in Thailand was identified and compared with the Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in Japan. The purpose of which was to determine the similarities and differences between the two countries regarding their nurses’ quality of work life. The 42-item of Brooks’ survey of Quality of Nursing Work Life (QNWL) was translated and evaluated in Thailand and Japan. There were 102 Thai and 209 Japanese public health nurses completed the questionnaire. \u0000Findings showed that the QNWL level of both Thai and Japanese PHNs were at moderate level. Thai nurses scored higher than Japanese nurses in overall scores. Thai reported significantly higher on work design dimensions (t = 9.12, p < 0.05). For both groups, three out of four dimensions were ranked in the same pattern in which home life/work life was recorded as the lowest. This was followed by work design and work context. However, Thai scored lowest on work world dimension, while Japanese scored highest on that dimension. Findings also showed significant association between country and age groups (χ2 = 20.01, p = 0.00, marital status (χ2 = 6.50, p = 0.01), education (χ2 = 70.05, p = 0.00), and dependent family members (χ2 = 128.16, p = 0.00). No significant association was noted between country and gender (χ2 = 0.37, p = 0.54), and between country and work experience (χ2 = 2.88, p = 0.23).The findings extended our understanding of the Public Health Nurse’s quality of work life that contributes to nursing in different cultural contexts through a rare direct comparison of Public Health Nurses between Thailand and Japan.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131163217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Wangtueai, Jirawan Maneerote, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Y. Phimolsiripol, T. Laokuldilok, S. Surawang, J. Regenstein
The objective of this research was to investigate the combination effects of phosphate and sodium chloride (NaCl) on the quality of frozen Nile tilapia fillets (control and treated with sodium tripolyphosphate 1.4 % STPP + 2.7 % NaCl) during storage at -18 ºC for up to 8 months. Results showed that moisture content decreased slightly (P ≤ 0.05), while pH gradual decreased, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) increased, and hardness and gumminess decreased with increasing time (P ≤ 0.05). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values were low (0.01 - 0.03 mg malonaldehyde/kg) and phosphate content ranged from 3350 - 3900 mg/kg. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in drip loss during storage. The control had higher cooking losses and the L* value increased with increasing storage time, while a*, b*, C*, and h* values were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Appearance and texture acceptability scores of treated fish were significantly higher than the control throughout storage (P ≤ 0.05). Total aerobic psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria were relatively unchanged at about 4 log CFU/g.
{"title":"Combination Effects of Phosphate and NaCl on Physiochemical, Microbiological, and Sensory Properties of Frozen Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fillets during Frozen Storage","authors":"S. Wangtueai, Jirawan Maneerote, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Y. Phimolsiripol, T. Laokuldilok, S. Surawang, J. Regenstein","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.4540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.4540","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to investigate the combination effects of phosphate and sodium chloride (NaCl) on the quality of frozen Nile tilapia fillets (control and treated with sodium tripolyphosphate 1.4 % STPP + 2.7 % NaCl) during storage at -18 ºC for up to 8 months. Results showed that moisture content decreased slightly (P ≤ 0.05), while pH gradual decreased, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) increased, and hardness and gumminess decreased with increasing time (P ≤ 0.05). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values were low (0.01 - 0.03 mg malonaldehyde/kg) and phosphate content ranged from 3350 - 3900 mg/kg. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in drip loss during storage. The control had higher cooking losses and the L* value increased with increasing storage time, while a*, b*, C*, and h* values were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Appearance and texture acceptability scores of treated fish were significantly higher than the control throughout storage (P ≤ 0.05). Total aerobic psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria were relatively unchanged at about 4 log CFU/g.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123591485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Chaiwang, Thanaporn Bunmee, Kittipong Samootkwam, Bulgul Tipnate, A. Waritthitham, M. Kreuzer, S. Jaturasitha
It was experimentally determined whether crossbreeding with Bos indicus dams compared to Bos taurus dams may provide meat which is competitive in organoleptic properties and fatty acid (FA) profile and if tenderness, assumed to be lower, is really adversely affected. Eight Black Angus × White Lamphun (A×W) bulls were compared with 8 Black Angus × Holstein Friesian (A×H). M. longissimus thoracis, M. semimembranosus and M. infraspinatus were analyzed for organoleptic properties and objective explanatory properties related to tenderness, as well as FA profile.Tenderness was judged lower in the M. infraspinatus of A×W than A×H, but not in the other muscles. Shear force and collagen solubility tended (P < 0.10) to be lower in all 3 muscles of A×W compared to those of A×H. The fat content of the M. longissimus thoracis from A×W was lower than that from A×H. The lipids in the M. longissimus thoracis from A×W were richer in polyunsaturated FA and total n-3 FA, and poorer in C18:0 and saturated FA than those of A×H. Furthermore, the lipids of the M. semimembranosus from A×W had higher proportions of C14:1 and C16:1 than that of A×H. The FA in the M. infraspinatus from A×W had higher proportions of C18:3 n-3, mono-unsaturated FA and total n-3 FA and the proportion of saturated FA was lower than in A×H. The M. infraspinatus from A×W was lower in cholesterol content than that from A×H. There were some differences in tenderness (inferior in White Lamphun crossbreds) and FA profile (superior in White Lamphun crossbreds), but differences were numerically small and, thus, may be of low practical relevance. Therefore, crossbreeding with indigenous Bos indicus cattle does not seem to be restricted by low meat quality.
{"title":"Can the Meat from Angus Crossbreds with Bos indicus Dams Compete with that from Bos taurus Dams in Organoleptic Properties and Fatty Acid Profile?","authors":"N. Chaiwang, Thanaporn Bunmee, Kittipong Samootkwam, Bulgul Tipnate, A. Waritthitham, M. Kreuzer, S. Jaturasitha","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2019.5322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2019.5322","url":null,"abstract":"It was experimentally determined whether crossbreeding with Bos indicus dams compared to Bos taurus dams may provide meat which is competitive in organoleptic properties and fatty acid (FA) profile and if tenderness, assumed to be lower, is really adversely affected. Eight Black Angus × White Lamphun (A×W) bulls were compared with 8 Black Angus × Holstein Friesian (A×H). M. longissimus thoracis, M. semimembranosus and M. infraspinatus were analyzed for organoleptic properties and objective explanatory properties related to tenderness, as well as FA profile.Tenderness was judged lower in the M. infraspinatus of A×W than A×H, but not in the other muscles. Shear force and collagen solubility tended (P < 0.10) to be lower in all 3 muscles of A×W compared to those of A×H. The fat content of the M. longissimus thoracis from A×W was lower than that from A×H. The lipids in the M. longissimus thoracis from A×W were richer in polyunsaturated FA and total n-3 FA, and poorer in C18:0 and saturated FA than those of A×H. Furthermore, the lipids of the M. semimembranosus from A×W had higher proportions of C14:1 and C16:1 than that of A×H. The FA in the M. infraspinatus from A×W had higher proportions of C18:3 n-3, mono-unsaturated FA and total n-3 FA and the proportion of saturated FA was lower than in A×H. The M. infraspinatus from A×W was lower in cholesterol content than that from A×H. There were some differences in tenderness (inferior in White Lamphun crossbreds) and FA profile (superior in White Lamphun crossbreds), but differences were numerically small and, thus, may be of low practical relevance. Therefore, crossbreeding with indigenous Bos indicus cattle does not seem to be restricted by low meat quality.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127070773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), a promising alternative resource for biodiesel production, produces restrictively a seed yield and has a low level of genetic variation, causing a barrier to improve the oil performance. Therefore, better understanding of reproductive biology is crucially important for breeding programs to achieve commercial viability in the future. The developmental features related to floral bud diameter and floral morphology of male and female gametophytes, by means of light and scanning electron microscopes, and their capability were investigated. It was found that bud diameter could be used as criteria for identification of pollen and embryo sac stages. Pollen capability and stigma receptivity showed an inverse S-shape with time after flowering. The highest pollen viability assessed by FCR (93.20 - 98.60 %), TTC (78.80 - 87.00 %), and germination test (43.40 %) were obtained at 0 - 8, 0 - 12, and 0 HAF, respectively. Moderately linear correlations were exhibited between viability and germination test (R2 = 0.57 - 0.62). Stigma receptivity was the highest (97.22 - 100 %) on the first three days.
{"title":"Developmental Evidence of Male and Female Gametophytes of Jatropha curcas L.: Pollen Capability and Stigma Receptivity","authors":"N. Nuanjunkong, C. Tongurai, U. Meesawat","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.4667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.4667","url":null,"abstract":"Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), a promising alternative resource for biodiesel production, produces restrictively a seed yield and has a low level of genetic variation, causing a barrier to improve the oil performance. Therefore, better understanding of reproductive biology is crucially important for breeding programs to achieve commercial viability in the future. The developmental features related to floral bud diameter and floral morphology of male and female gametophytes, by means of light and scanning electron microscopes, and their capability were investigated. It was found that bud diameter could be used as criteria for identification of pollen and embryo sac stages. Pollen capability and stigma receptivity showed an inverse S-shape with time after flowering. The highest pollen viability assessed by FCR (93.20 - 98.60 %), TTC (78.80 - 87.00 %), and germination test (43.40 %) were obtained at 0 - 8, 0 - 12, and 0 HAF, respectively. Moderately linear correlations were exhibited between viability and germination test (R2 = 0.57 - 0.62). Stigma receptivity was the highest (97.22 - 100 %) on the first three days.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124627170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Wichaidit, P. Songwathana, Karnsunaphat Balthip, M. Woods
Background: Both physical and psychological suffering among women after the loss of their husband as a result of traumatic events has been evident. However, little is known about the strategies used by Thai widows who are able to heal and return to normal living in areas of unrest.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to describe the healing strategies used by Thai Buddhist widows to heal their suffering from the sudden loss of their spouse in terrorist attacks.Methodology: This is a primary analysis of data generated from a qualitative study of Thai Buddhist widows who lost their spouse because of terrorist attacks in the southernmost provinces of Thailand. Five Buddhist widows were purposively selected to participate in the study, using in-depth interviews and observation for data collection. Content analysis was employed as part of the data analysis to identify and describe the strategies used by the selected participants.Results: The participants were aged between 37 and 64 years old and had experienced the loss of a spouse within the previous 2 to 10 years. They had been successful in healing their suffering. Several strategies had been used, with initial support and assistance from families and close friends. Firstly, as per the Buddhist belief system, ‘merit making’, such as praying, practicing meditation, or offering money and/or food to monks, was often performed by the women. These practices helped them to ease their anxiety about their husbands’ afterlife happiness and whether or not they were living in a good place. Secondly, venting their feelings and emotions with family and close friends, including talking to their husband’s picture, provided some suffering relief. Lastly, a deep understanding of Dukkha (suffering) and the natural law of life in Buddhism helped widows to realize the right ways to create a positive mindset and new future life.Conclusions/Recommendations: The strategies used to heal themselves from suffering by Thai Buddhist widows could be of benefit for nurses, to enable them to develop interventions that not only relieve human suffering from the unexpected loss of loved ones, but also promote mental health through healing and spiritual growth in their own lives.
{"title":"Healing Strategies among Thai Buddhist Widows after Sudden of Loss of Spouse in Terrorist Attacks","authors":"S. Wichaidit, P. Songwathana, Karnsunaphat Balthip, M. Woods","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2019.4051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2019.4051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Both physical and psychological suffering among women after the loss of their husband as a result of traumatic events has been evident. However, little is known about the strategies used by Thai widows who are able to heal and return to normal living in areas of unrest.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to describe the healing strategies used by Thai Buddhist widows to heal their suffering from the sudden loss of their spouse in terrorist attacks.Methodology: This is a primary analysis of data generated from a qualitative study of Thai Buddhist widows who lost their spouse because of terrorist attacks in the southernmost provinces of Thailand. Five Buddhist widows were purposively selected to participate in the study, using in-depth interviews and observation for data collection. Content analysis was employed as part of the data analysis to identify and describe the strategies used by the selected participants.Results: The participants were aged between 37 and 64 years old and had experienced the loss of a spouse within the previous 2 to 10 years. They had been successful in healing their suffering. Several strategies had been used, with initial support and assistance from families and close friends. Firstly, as per the Buddhist belief system, ‘merit making’, such as praying, practicing meditation, or offering money and/or food to monks, was often performed by the women. These practices helped them to ease their anxiety about their husbands’ afterlife happiness and whether or not they were living in a good place. Secondly, venting their feelings and emotions with family and close friends, including talking to their husband’s picture, provided some suffering relief. Lastly, a deep understanding of Dukkha (suffering) and the natural law of life in Buddhism helped widows to realize the right ways to create a positive mindset and new future life.Conclusions/Recommendations: The strategies used to heal themselves from suffering by Thai Buddhist widows could be of benefit for nurses, to enable them to develop interventions that not only relieve human suffering from the unexpected loss of loved ones, but also promote mental health through healing and spiritual growth in their own lives.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127995398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Chealoh, S. Direkbusarakom, P. Chotipuntu, Pitchanee Jariyapong, H. Kondo, I. Hirono, S. Wuthisuthimethavee
Penaeus monodon is one of the most economically important shrimp species in Thailand. However, little information is available about the functional genomics related to its growth performance. In this study, Illumina paired-end sequencing was used to analyze transcriptomes related to growth performance in P. monodon muscle. A total of 38.4 million reads were generated. The pooled reads, from 10 libraries, were de novo assembled into 113,991 genes, with an average length of 337 bp. Gene expression was analyzed with the edgeR program, which revealed 705 differentially expressed contigs (p < 0.05) in fast-growth shrimp compared to slow-growth shrimp. The results show the 234 up-regulated contigs in fast-growth shrimp are mostly underlined genes involving the metabolic pathway. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed seven genes involved in the cell cycle that were expressed more in fast-growth shrimp (p < 0.05) than in slow-growth shrimp, and moderately to strongly correlated with shrimp body weight. These genes may be good candidates for growth performance improvement in P. monodon.
{"title":"RNA Sequence Analysis of Growth-Related Genes in Penaeus monodon","authors":"N. Chealoh, S. Direkbusarakom, P. Chotipuntu, Pitchanee Jariyapong, H. Kondo, I. Hirono, S. Wuthisuthimethavee","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.5518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.5518","url":null,"abstract":"Penaeus monodon is one of the most economically important shrimp species in Thailand. However, little information is available about the functional genomics related to its growth performance. In this study, Illumina paired-end sequencing was used to analyze transcriptomes related to growth performance in P. monodon muscle. A total of 38.4 million reads were generated. The pooled reads, from 10 libraries, were de novo assembled into 113,991 genes, with an average length of 337 bp. Gene expression was analyzed with the edgeR program, which revealed 705 differentially expressed contigs (p < 0.05) in fast-growth shrimp compared to slow-growth shrimp. The results show the 234 up-regulated contigs in fast-growth shrimp are mostly underlined genes involving the metabolic pathway. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed seven genes involved in the cell cycle that were expressed more in fast-growth shrimp (p < 0.05) than in slow-growth shrimp, and moderately to strongly correlated with shrimp body weight. These genes may be good candidates for growth performance improvement in P. monodon.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127346348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kwanchayanawish Machana, Amonrat Kanokrung, Sirinart Srichan, B. Vongsak, M. Kutako, Ekarin Siafha
Determinations of fatty acid profiles of five microalgae; Amphora sp., Chaetoceros sp., Melosira sp., Bellerochae sp., and Lithodesmium sp., from the east coast of Thailand were evaluated by conventional Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results exhibited that the fatty acids suitable for biodiesel production were the most frequent entities encountered in all microalgae profiles. The GC chromatogram of fatty acid profiles in microalgae showed that both Amphora sp. and Chaetoceros sp. comprised essential omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, this study assessed whether Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy could be used to evaluate and monitor the biochemical compositions of microalgae, including lipid, carbohydrate, and protein profiles, by using colorimetric methods. Results showed that FT-IR spectra combined with biochemical values of lipid, carbohydrate, and protein contents were used as predictive models generated by partial least square (PLS) regression. Cross-validation of the lipid, protein, and carbohydrate models showed high degrees of statistical accuracy with RMSECV values of approximately 0.5 - 3.22 %, and a coefficient of regression between the actual and predicted values of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins were 92.66, 95.73, and 96.43 %, respectively. The RPD values were all high (> 3), indicating good predictive accuracy. This study suggested that FT-IR could be a tool for the simultaneous measurement of microalgae composition of biochemical contents in microalgae cells.
{"title":"Monitoring of Biochemical Compounds and Fatty Acid in Marine Microalgae from the East Coast of Thailand","authors":"Kwanchayanawish Machana, Amonrat Kanokrung, Sirinart Srichan, B. Vongsak, M. Kutako, Ekarin Siafha","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.4645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.4645","url":null,"abstract":"Determinations of fatty acid profiles of five microalgae; Amphora sp., Chaetoceros sp., Melosira sp., Bellerochae sp., and Lithodesmium sp., from the east coast of Thailand were evaluated by conventional Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results exhibited that the fatty acids suitable for biodiesel production were the most frequent entities encountered in all microalgae profiles. The GC chromatogram of fatty acid profiles in microalgae showed that both Amphora sp. and Chaetoceros sp. comprised essential omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, this study assessed whether Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy could be used to evaluate and monitor the biochemical compositions of microalgae, including lipid, carbohydrate, and protein profiles, by using colorimetric methods. Results showed that FT-IR spectra combined with biochemical values of lipid, carbohydrate, and protein contents were used as predictive models generated by partial least square (PLS) regression. Cross-validation of the lipid, protein, and carbohydrate models showed high degrees of statistical accuracy with RMSECV values of approximately 0.5 - 3.22 %, and a coefficient of regression between the actual and predicted values of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins were 92.66, 95.73, and 96.43 %, respectively. The RPD values were all high (> 3), indicating good predictive accuracy. This study suggested that FT-IR could be a tool for the simultaneous measurement of microalgae composition of biochemical contents in microalgae cells.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133119950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atchariya Yosboonruang, A. Duangjai, Doungporn Amormlerdpison, Jarupa Viyoach
The freshwater green algae, S. neglecta, has been commonly used as a Northern Thai local food due to the fact that it is composed of several nutritional components. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical properties and biological activities of an S. neglecta water extract for application as a functional food or pharmaceutical ingredient. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of S. neglecta and its biological activities, including anti-oxidant, pancreatic cholesterol esterase, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities, were investigated in vitro. The results showed that the S. neglecta extract contained 157.92 mg GAE/g extract of phenolics and 10.10 mg CE/g extract of flavonoids. The radical scavenging activity of the S. neglecta extract exhibited an IC50 of 7.46±1.17 µg/mL from DPPH assay and 224.20±1.06 µg/mL from ABTS assay. Meanwhile, trolox exhibited an IC50 of 7.03±1.08 µg/mL from DPPH assay and 5.24±1.10 µg/mL from ATBS assay. Interestingly, the S. neglecta extract at 10 mg/mL inhibited pancreatic cholesterol esterase activity by 60 %. Moreover, the release of TNF-α from macrophages was strongly reduced by incubation with the S. neglecta extract in a dose-dependent manner, and all of the study concentrations were non-toxic to primary fibroblast cells. In addition, the S. neglecta extract inhibited some gram-positive and -negative bacteria. In summary, S. neglecta extract could possibly be used as a potential functional food or pharmaceutical ingredient, for which further studies are required.
{"title":"Screening for Biological Activities of Spirogyra neglecta Water Extract","authors":"Atchariya Yosboonruang, A. Duangjai, Doungporn Amormlerdpison, Jarupa Viyoach","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2020.4638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.4638","url":null,"abstract":"The freshwater green algae, S. neglecta, has been commonly used as a Northern Thai local food due to the fact that it is composed of several nutritional components. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical properties and biological activities of an S. neglecta water extract for application as a functional food or pharmaceutical ingredient. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of S. neglecta and its biological activities, including anti-oxidant, pancreatic cholesterol esterase, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities, were investigated in vitro. The results showed that the S. neglecta extract contained 157.92 mg GAE/g extract of phenolics and 10.10 mg CE/g extract of flavonoids. The radical scavenging activity of the S. neglecta extract exhibited an IC50 of 7.46±1.17 µg/mL from DPPH assay and 224.20±1.06 µg/mL from ABTS assay. Meanwhile, trolox exhibited an IC50 of 7.03±1.08 µg/mL from DPPH assay and 5.24±1.10 µg/mL from ATBS assay. Interestingly, the S. neglecta extract at 10 mg/mL inhibited pancreatic cholesterol esterase activity by 60 %. Moreover, the release of TNF-α from macrophages was strongly reduced by incubation with the S. neglecta extract in a dose-dependent manner, and all of the study concentrations were non-toxic to primary fibroblast cells. In addition, the S. neglecta extract inhibited some gram-positive and -negative bacteria. In summary, S. neglecta extract could possibly be used as a potential functional food or pharmaceutical ingredient, for which further studies are required.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"6 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131715673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out to examine the chemical properties, antioxidant activities and sensory scores of berry vinegar produced from 4 berry species, namely Morus alba L. (Mulberry), Vaccinium macrocarpon L. (Cranberry), Rubus idaeus L. (Rasberry), and Rubus laciniatus L. (Blackberry). Berry vinegars were produced via a 2-stage (alcoholic and acetous) fermentation process. The initial soluble solid contents in the berry juice were adjusted to 22 ºBrix before the fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation was conducted using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the inoculant while Acetobacter pasteurianus was used for acetous fermentation. As observed for all samples during the alcoholic fermentation the levels of soluble solids decreased continuously and the levels of alcohol were found to increase at the end of fermentation process. Notably, the wine produced from ‘Blackberry’ species exhibited the highest levels of alcohol (11.73 %) while those produced from ‘Mulberry’ exhibited the highest levels of antioxidant activity (60.85 %). Similar results were observed for all samples during the acetous fermentation, in which the levels of alcohol dropped continuously and the levels of acetic acid were noted to elevate at the end of the fermentation process. The highest levels of acetic acid (5.01 %) was detected in the vinegars produced from ‘Cranberry’ species while those produced form ‘Raspberry’ species exhibited the highest levels of antioxidant activity (74.43 %). Sensory evaluation based on the 9-point hedonic scales showed that the vinegars produced from ‘Mulberry’ species displayed the highest overall acceptability with an average score of 7.27, equivalent to the hedonic scale of 9, which indicated the moderately pleasant levels of the vinegar preference of the consumers.
以桑葚(Morus alba L.)、蔓越莓(Vaccinium macrocarpon L.)、覆膜莓(Rubus idaeus L.)和黑莓(Rubus laciniatus L.)为原料，研究了4种浆果醋的化学性质、抗氧化活性和感官评分。浆果醋是通过两阶段(酒精和醋酸)发酵过程生产的。发酵前将莓汁初始可溶性固形物含量调整为22º白利度。以酿酒酵母为接种剂进行酒精发酵，以巴氏醋酸杆菌为接种剂进行醋酸发酵。在酒精发酵过程中，所有样品的可溶性固形物含量持续下降，而酒精含量在发酵过程结束时增加。值得注意的是，由“黑莓”酿造的葡萄酒显示出最高的酒精含量(11.73%)，而由“桑树”酿造的葡萄酒显示出最高的抗氧化活性(60.85%)。在醋酸发酵过程中，所有样品都观察到类似的结果，其中酒精水平持续下降，醋酸水平在发酵过程结束时升高。在“蔓越莓”品种生产的醋中检测到的乙酸含量最高(5.01%)，而“覆盆子”品种生产的醋显示出最高的抗氧化活性(74.43%)。基于9分享乐量表的感官评价表明，“桑树”品种的醋表现出最高的总体可接受性，平均得分为7.27分，相当于享乐量表的9分，表明消费者对醋的偏好处于中等愉快的水平。
{"title":"Chemical Properties, Antioxidant Activities and Sensory Evaluation of Berry Vinegar","authors":"Wilawan Boonsupa","doi":"10.48048/wjst.2019.4562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2019.4562","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to examine the chemical properties, antioxidant activities and sensory scores of berry vinegar produced from 4 berry species, namely Morus alba L. (Mulberry), Vaccinium macrocarpon L. (Cranberry), Rubus idaeus L. (Rasberry), and Rubus laciniatus L. (Blackberry). Berry vinegars were produced via a 2-stage (alcoholic and acetous) fermentation process. The initial soluble solid contents in the berry juice were adjusted to 22 ºBrix before the fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation was conducted using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the inoculant while Acetobacter pasteurianus was used for acetous fermentation. As observed for all samples during the alcoholic fermentation the levels of soluble solids decreased continuously and the levels of alcohol were found to increase at the end of fermentation process. Notably, the wine produced from ‘Blackberry’ species exhibited the highest levels of alcohol (11.73 %) while those produced from ‘Mulberry’ exhibited the highest levels of antioxidant activity (60.85 %). Similar results were observed for all samples during the acetous fermentation, in which the levels of alcohol dropped continuously and the levels of acetic acid were noted to elevate at the end of the fermentation process. The highest levels of acetic acid (5.01 %) was detected in the vinegars produced from ‘Cranberry’ species while those produced form ‘Raspberry’ species exhibited the highest levels of antioxidant activity (74.43 %). Sensory evaluation based on the 9-point hedonic scales showed that the vinegars produced from ‘Mulberry’ species displayed the highest overall acceptability with an average score of 7.27, equivalent to the hedonic scale of 9, which indicated the moderately pleasant levels of the vinegar preference of the consumers.","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133417260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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